Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mattawan, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Oxford [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Mattawan, TP Ontario [Census subdivision]			Oxford Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Mattawan, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Mattawan, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Oxford [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	161	...	...	113,790	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	162	...	...	108,656	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.6	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	104	...	...	46,359	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	72	...	...	45,240	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.8	...	...	50.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	201.00	...	...	2,247.53	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	165	85	75	113,790	56,305	57,480
0 to 14 years	25	15	15	20,260	10,435	9,825
0 to 4 years	0	5	0	6,630	3,385	3,240
5 to 9 years	10	0	10	6,810	3,515	3,295
10 to 14 years	10	5	0	6,815	3,530	3,285
15 to 64 years	105	55	50	72,420	36,310	36,115
15 to 19 years	10	5	5	6,910	3,545	3,365
20 to 24 years	5	5	0	6,600	3,370	3,225
25 to 29 years	5	0	5	6,495	3,280	3,215
30 to 34 years	5	0	0	6,805	3,490	3,315
35 to 39 years	10	0	5	6,715	3,370	3,345
40 to 44 years	10	0	5	6,905	3,460	3,445
45 to 49 years	10	5	5	7,230	3,655	3,580
50 to 54 years	10	5	5	8,740	4,265	4,475
55 to 59 years	20	10	10	8,510	4,155	4,350
60 to 64 years	25	15	10	7,505	3,710	3,795
65 years and over	35	20	15	21,110	9,565	11,545
65 to 69 years	10	5	5	6,665	3,210	3,455
70 to 74 years	10	5	5	4,990	2,395	2,595
75 to 79 years	5	5	0	3,760	1,755	2,005
80 to 84 years	5	5	0	2,840	1,190	1,650
85 years and over	10	5	5	2,855	1,015	1,840
85 to 89 years	10	0	5	1,805	715	1,090
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	815	245	565
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	205	50	160
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.2	17.6	20.0	17.8	18.5	17.1
15 to 64 years	63.6	64.7	66.7	63.6	64.5	62.8
65 years and over	21.2	23.5	20.0	18.6	17.0	20.1
85 years and over	6.1	5.9	6.7	2.5	1.8	3.2
Average age of the population	48.4	49.1	47.7	41.5	40.4	42.5
Median age of the population	53.9	55.4	53.5	42.3	41.0	43.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	75	...	...	45,240	...	...
Single-detached house	75	...	...	32,925	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,925	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	0	...	...	10,165	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	2,330	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	2,680	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	790	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	4,255	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	110	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	75	...	...	45,240	...	...
1 person	15	...	...	11,445	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	17,110	...	...
3 persons	5	...	...	6,635	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	6,225	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	3,825	...	...
Number of persons in private households	165	...	...	111,935	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	140	70	65	93,530	45,870	47,655
Married or living common law	90	45	45	58,195	29,105	29,085
Married	75	40	35	48,745	24,395	24,355
Living common law	15	10	5	9,450	4,720	4,730
Not married and not living common law	50	30	25	35,340	16,765	18,575
Never married	20	10	10	21,255	11,925	9,330
Separated	10	0	5	2,805	1,275	1,530
Divorced	15	10	5	5,265	2,290	2,975
Widowed	10	5	5	6,015	1,275	4,740
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	50	...	...	33,285	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	17,625	...	...
3 persons	5	...	...	6,480	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	6,000	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	3,185	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	50	...	...	33,290	...	...
Total couple families	45	...	...	28,665	...	...
Married couples	35	...	...	23,940	...	...
Common-law couples	5	...	...	4,720	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	10	...	...	4,630	...	...
Female parent	5	...	...	3,535	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	1,095	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	28,665	...	...
Couples without children	30	...	...	14,885	...	...
Couples with children	15	...	...	13,780	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	5,100	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	5,615	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	3,070	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	4,625	...	...
1 child	10	...	...	2,745	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	1,385	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	25	15	5	15,560	7,540	8,020
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	75	...	...	45,240	...	...
One-census-family households	45	...	...	32,070	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	25	...	...	14,385	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	25	...	...	17,685	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	605	...	...
Non-census-family households	20	...	...	12,565	...	...
One-person households	20	...	...	11,440	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	0	...	...	1,125	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	160	80	75	112,645	55,930	56,720
English only	95	50	40	107,525	53,735	53,790
French only	5	0	0	30	15	15
English and French	70	30	35	4,640	1,945	2,695
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	450	235	220
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	160	85	80	112,650	55,925	56,720
English	120	60	55	111,135	55,205	55,930
French	45	20	25	975	455	525
English and French	0	0	0	100	45	55
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	435	220	215
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	40	25	25	1,030	475	550
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	25.0	29.4	31.3	0.9	0.8	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	160	80	75	112,645	55,930	56,720
Single responses	160	80	80	111,760	55,495	56,270
Official languages	155	85	75	101,890	50,630	51,265
English	115	60	55	100,775	50,120	50,660
French	45	20	20	1,120	515	605
Non-official languages	0	0	0	9,870	4,865	5,005
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	9,855	4,865	4,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	75	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	125	75	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	100	55	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	180	80	100
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	165	70	95
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	150	45	105
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	115	35	80
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	8,290	4,140	4,150
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,145	525	620
Baltic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,100	500	600
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Czech	0	0	0	20	5	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	730	315	410
Russian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Serbian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	30	20	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	95	50	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages	0	5	0	5,310	2,625	2,685
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	30	10	15
Dutch	5	0	0	2,805	1,420	1,390
Frisian	0	0	0	60	30	30
German	0	0	0	2,195	1,070	1,125
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	195	80	110
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	100	50	45
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	380	200	175
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	345	185	160
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	90	45	40
Hindi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	145	70	70
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	60	40	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,325	720	605
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	340	180	165
Portuguese	0	0	0	535	280	260
Romanian	0	0	0	90	50	40
Spanish	0	0	0	350	215	140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	60	30	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	125	60	65
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	200	100	105
Chinese languages	0	0	0	195	90	100
Cantonese	0	0	0	65	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	90	35	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
Lao	0	0	0	30	15	15
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	510	240	270
Estonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	485	230	260
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	885	435	450
English and French	0	0	0	155	65	90
English and non-official language	0	0	5	710	360	350
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	160	85	80	112,645	55,925	56,720
Single responses	155	80	75	111,065	55,170	55,895
Official languages	155	80	75	107,945	53,645	54,300
English	150	75	70	107,710	53,530	54,180
French	10	5	5	235	110	120
Non-official languages	0	0	0	3,120	1,530	1,595
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	3,115	1,530	1,590
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	30	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	50	35	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	50	30	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	55	60
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	50	25	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	2,390	1,180	1,210
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	365	160	200
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	350	155	195
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	280	130	155
Russian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,330	645	685
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	490	245	250
Frisian	0	0	0	15	5	10
German	0	0	0	805	385	420
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	205	110	95
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	185	100	85
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	55	30	25
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	30	20	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	455	250	200
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Portuguese	0	0	0	150	65	85
Romanian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Spanish	0	0	0	195	140	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	45	25	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	90	40	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	45	25	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	20	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	105	45	60
Chinese languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	55	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	135	55	80
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	135	55	75
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	5	0	1,580	755	830
English and French	5	5	5	95	35	60
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,465	705	755
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	165	80	80	112,645	55,930	56,720
None	130	70	60	107,140	53,330	53,810
English	5	5	5	1,315	620	695
French	25	10	15	870	385	480
Non-official language	0	0	0	3,250	1,550	1,695
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	3,240	1,550	1,690
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	15	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	135	70	65	91,690	45,175	46,515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	88,695	43,810	44,880
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	36,020	43,920	28,950
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	88,715	43,815	44,895
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	32,582	38,865	26,678
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	81,255	41,115	40,140
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	33,395	42,569	25,213
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	62,130	27,615	34,515
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	6,781	5,550	7,247
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	67,275	35,505	31,770
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	35,120	43,540	27,333
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	110	55	55	91,705	45,170	46,535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	88,710	43,760	44,945
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	43,504	51,322	35,892
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	88,715	43,760	44,955
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	36,864	42,695	31,187
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	81,285	41,085	40,200
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	41,134	49,437	32,646
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	62,140	27,710	34,425
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	8,296	7,750	8,737
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	67,290	35,505	31,785
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	41,184	47,986	33,586
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	91,705	45,170	46,535
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	36,125	21,525	14,595
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	50,860	55,793	45,117
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	57,146	62,185	49,716
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	86.7	90.3	81.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	71.5	75.9	65.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	13.4	9.7	18.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	91,690	45,175	46,515
Without total income	x	x	x	2,995	1,360	1,635
With total income	x	x	x	88,700	43,810	44,885
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	96.7	97.0	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	10,235	3,940	6,300
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	14,485	5,400	9,085
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	12,955	5,230	7,725
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	11,010	5,140	5,870
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	10,695	5,350	5,340
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	8,485	4,935	3,550
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	5,990	3,800	2,195
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	4,000	2,570	1,425
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	3,025	1,985	1,040
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	2,825	1,795	1,030
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	4,995	3,675	1,320
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	3,820	2,795	1,030
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	1,170	880	295
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	91,690	45,175	46,515
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	2,975	1,355	1,620
With after-tax income	x	x	x	88,710	43,815	44,895
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	96.7	97.0	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	10,600	4,040	6,560
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	15,255	5,700	9,555
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	15,065	6,240	8,830
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	13,760	6,740	7,020
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	12,365	6,840	5,520
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	7,715	4,815	2,905
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	5,070	3,335	1,740
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	3,985	2,595	1,390
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	4,890	3,520	1,370
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	1,975	1,390	585
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,040	750	290
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	1,875	1,385	495
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	91,690	45,170	46,515
Without employment income	x	x	x	24,415	9,670	14,745
With employment income	x	x	x	67,275	35,510	31,770
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	73.4	78.6	68.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	9,500	4,720	4,780
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	5,360	2,180	3,180
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	8,510	3,540	4,970
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	6,790	2,835	3,955
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	6,975	3,155	3,825
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	7,590	3,915	3,675
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	6,400	3,970	2,430
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	4,305	2,880	1,425
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	3,065	2,055	1,010
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	8,775	6,260	2,520
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	2,505	1,670	835
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	2,425	1,580	850
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	3,845	3,015	835
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	70	...	...	45,240	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,312	...	...	72,554	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,560	...	...	63,844	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	11,440	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	36,093	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	32,582	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	33,800	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	87,674	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	76,523	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	45,235	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	85,311	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	72,298	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	11,415	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	42,274	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	36,236	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	33,820	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	99,838	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	84,471	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	45,240	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	320	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	450	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	960	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	1,390	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,815	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,580	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	1,875	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	1,935	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	2,030	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	2,035	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	3,840	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	3,525	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,365	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	3,065	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,935	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	14,115	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	5,465	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	3,450	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	3,325	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	1,870	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	45,240	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	365	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	460	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	975	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	1,470	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	2,050	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,780	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	2,195	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	2,410	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	2,480	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	2,340	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	4,455	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	4,170	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,975	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	3,460	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,800	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	9,855	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	4,830	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	2,475	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	2,550	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	33,020	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	87,559	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	76,394	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.5	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	14,110	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	77,454	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	67,930	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	13,920	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	110,729	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	94,808	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	4,295	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	54,158	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	49,850	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	33,105	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	99,605	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	84,221	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	14,180	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	89,238	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	75,146	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	13,910	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	122,167	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	102,763	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	4,315	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	63,241	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	55,729	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	13,865	6,795	7,070
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	34,460	40,103	29,689
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	31,258	35,304	27,520
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	13,695	6,790	6,905
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	41,016	45,354	36,753
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	35,221	38,160	32,331
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	111,935	55,605	56,330
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	54,465	26,180	28,280
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	7,415	3,530	3,880
In the second decile	x	x	x	10,165	4,500	5,670
In the third decile	x	x	x	12,030	5,800	6,230
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	12,215	6,000	6,215
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	12,635	6,350	6,285
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	57,475	29,425	28,050
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	13,230	6,715	6,515
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	12,900	6,590	6,305
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	12,495	6,390	6,105
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	11,440	5,940	5,505
In the top decile	x	x	x	7,400	3,790	3,615
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	111,935	55,600	56,335
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	24,435	12,555	11,880
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	7,935	4,025	3,910
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	67,730	33,880	33,855
65 years and over	x	x	x	19,765	9,165	10,600
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	12,075	5,450	6,630
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	3,305	1,670	1,630
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	1,245	620	625
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	6,620	3,060	3,565
65 years and over	x	x	x	2,150	715	1,430
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	10.8	9.8	11.8
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	13.5	13.3	13.7
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	15.7	15.4	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	9.8	9.0	10.5
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	10.9	7.8	13.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	4,790	2,325	2,465
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	1,155	580	575
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	425	210	220
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	3,325	1,620	1,710
65 years and over	x	x	x	310	130	180
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	4.3	4.2	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	4.7	4.6	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	5.4	5.2	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	4.9	4.8	5.1
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	1.6	1.4	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	135	65	70	112,040	55,610	56,430
Official languages	135	70	65	111,595	55,435	56,160
English	135	70	65	111,580	55,435	56,145
French	80	40	40	4,625	1,825	2,795
Non-official languages	10	0	0	12,395	6,090	6,305
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	10	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	12,350	6,065	6,280
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	75	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	115	75	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	110	70	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	215	115	100
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	195	105	95
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	250	95	150
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	230	85	140
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10,550	5,170	5,380
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,275	590	685
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,255	585	675
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	50	35	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	845	370	470
Russian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Serbian	0	0	0	85	30	50
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	55	30	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	85	55	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	6,665	3,250	3,415
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	35	10	20
Dutch	0	0	0	3,760	1,860	1,895
Frisian	0	0	0	80	45	35
German	0	0	0	2,630	1,265	1,370
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	260	115	150
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Greek	0	0	0	225	125	105
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	350	190	160
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	320	170	150
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	80	35	45
Hindi	0	0	0	95	45	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	125	75	55
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Urdu	0	0	0	100	55	40
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	2,150	1,100	1,055
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	510	260	250
Portuguese	0	0	0	710	390	320
Romanian	0	0	0	140	70	70
Spanish	0	0	0	840	410	430
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	120	65	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	135	70	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	70	25	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	35	15	20
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	205	110	95
American Sign Language	0	0	0	80	30	55
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	85	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
Chinese languages	0	0	0	130	65	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	25	15
Hakka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	55	20	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
Lao	0	0	0	25	0	15
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	565	285	285
Estonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	15	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	540	260	280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	135	70	70	112,035	55,610	56,425
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	135	70	70	109,635	54,450	55,185
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20	10	15	24,450	12,475	11,980
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	115	55	55	85,185	41,980	43,210
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	2,400	1,160	1,240
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	135	65	65	112,035	55,615	56,425
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	130	70	65	100,680	50,060	50,620
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	10	0	10	11,075	5,375	5,700
Before 1981	0	0	0	6,205	2,955	3,245
1981 to 1990	0	0	10	1,445	685	760
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	1,530	770	755
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	1,380	705	675
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	755	380	375
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	625	315	305
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	525	260	260
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	280	175	105
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	10	11,075	5,375	5,700
Under 5 years	0	0	0	1,700	850	855
5 to 14 years	0	0	10	2,920	1,460	1,460
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	2,740	1,280	1,465
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	3,260	1,540	1,715
45 years and over	0	0	0	450	240	205
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	0	11,075	5,375	5,705
Americas	0	0	0	1,750	855	895
Brazil	0	0	0	35	15	15
Colombia	0	0	0	80	45	35
El Salvador	0	0	0	30	20	15
Guyana	0	0	0	75	40	35
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	155	95	60
Mexico	0	0	0	455	255	200
Peru	0	0	0	30	10	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	60	35	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	630	240	390
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	200	95	105
Europe	0	0	0	7,935	3,855	4,080
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	45	30	20
Croatia	0	0	0	60	35	25
France	0	0	0	35	15	20
Germany	0	0	0	600	295	305
Greece	0	0	0	75	50	30
Hungary	0	0	0	240	140	105
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	80	50	25
Italy	0	0	0	245	120	125
Netherlands	0	0	0	2,505	1,220	1,290
Poland	0	0	0	525	240	290
Portugal	0	0	0	425	210	210
Romania	0	0	0	195	100	95
Russian Federation	0	0	0	45	15	30
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	60	20	40
Ukraine	0	0	0	40	20	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	2,155	1,000	1,155
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	615	305	305
Africa	10	0	0	195	100	95
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	45	20	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	50	25	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	70	30	35
Asia	0	0	10	1,175	555	625
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	60	30	30
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	10	0
India	0	0	0	255	135	120
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	25	0	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	95	45	45
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	75	45	35
Philippines	0	0	0	215	70	145
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	125	50	80
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	225	120	105
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	525	260	260
Americas	0	0	0	210	100	115
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	50	30	25
Mexico	0	0	0	20	15	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	75	25	50
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	45	20	30
Europe	0	0	0	95	60	35
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	70	45	30
Africa	0	0	0	40	20	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	35	15	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	10	0
Asia	0	0	0	170	80	90
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	35	20	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	80	35	45
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkey	0	0	0	15	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	135	65	70	112,040	55,610	56,425
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10	0	10	11,765	5,745	6,020
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	15	10	10	20,345	10,400	9,940
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	115	60	55	79,935	39,470	40,465
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	10	4,985	2,490	2,500
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10	0	0	2,600	1,360	1,235
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	760	555	205
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	0	10	1,840	805	1,030
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	1,725	720	1,005
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	615	390	230
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	50	15	30
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	135	65	70	112,040	55,610	56,430
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	35	30	0	2,110	1,000	1,110
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	25	20	10	1,995	965	1,025
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	20	15	0	1,240	630	615
Métis	10	0	0	745	330	415
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	50	10	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	70	15	50
Non-Aboriginal identity	100	40	60	109,925	54,615	55,315
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	135	70	70	112,040	55,610	56,425
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	10	0	655	290	365
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	130	65	70	111,385	55,320	56,065
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	135	70	70	112,040	55,610	56,430
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10	0	0	330	140	190
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	10	0	310	130	180
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	0	250	95	150
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	50	25	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	25	20	10	3,310	1,595	1,715
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	20	15	10	3,210	1,560	1,655
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	2,415	1,180	1,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	745	370	375
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	50	0	40
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	10	0	100	40	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	100	35	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	105	45	60	108,400	53,875	54,525
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	135	65	70	112,040	55,610	56,425
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	10	0	3,460	1,810	1,650
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	575	310	265
Chinese	0	0	0	205	90	115
Black	0	0	0	935	525	410
Filipino	10	10	0	365	155	215
Latin American	0	0	0	345	150	195
Arab	0	0	0	115	80	40
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	385	205	180
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	0	0	0	155	75	75
Japanese	0	0	0	105	50	60
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	180	120	55
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	70	40	30
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	130	65	65	108,580	53,800	54,780
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	135	70	70	112,040	55,610	56,430
North American Aboriginal origins	30	25	10	3,640	1,735	1,900
First Nations (North American Indian)	15	15	0	2,780	1,330	1,450
Inuit	0	0	0	65	15	50
Métis	15	15	0	905	445	465
Other North American origins	75	35	30	38,725	19,135	19,590
Acadian	0	0	0	80	40	40
American	0	0	10	1,515	695	820
Canadian	65	35	30	37,765	18,750	19,010
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	45	15	30
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	45	15	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	100	40	60	90,630	44,890	45,745
British Isles origins	70	35	35	60,920	29,890	31,030
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	20	10	15
English	15	10	10	39,625	19,255	20,370
Irish	25	0	15	21,225	10,135	11,085
Manx	0	0	0	20	15	10
Scottish	25	10	15	26,970	13,125	13,845
Welsh	0	0	0	1,935	975	960
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	0	0	3,345	1,520	1,825
French origins	35	15	20	9,595	4,455	5,140
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	30	15	20	9,595	4,455	5,140
Western European origins (except French origins)	20	0	20	38,380	19,030	19,355
Austrian	0	0	0	430	245	180
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	3,195	1,560	1,640
Dutch	0	0	0	16,560	8,410	8,155
Flemish	0	0	0	85	40	45
Frisian	0	0	0	175	80	90
German	20	0	20	20,880	10,120	10,755
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	950	505	445
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	1,740	895	845
Danish	0	0	0	480	290	195
Finnish	0	0	0	240	135	105
Icelandic	0	0	0	75	40	30
Norwegian	0	0	0	450	185	270
Swedish	0	0	0	470	205	260
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	100	65	30
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	10,370	5,080	5,290
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	165	90	75
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	185	95	85
Estonian	0	0	0	65	25	40
Hungarian	0	0	0	3,065	1,530	1,535
Latvian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	220	105	115
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	3,715	1,740	1,975
Romanian	0	0	0	595	255	340
Russian	0	0	0	950	460	490
Slovak	0	0	0	250	115	135
Ukrainian	0	0	0	2,205	1,120	1,085
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	40	20	15
Southern European origins	0	0	0	6,435	3,375	3,060
Albanian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	280	135	145
Cypriot	0	0	0	95	40	50
Greek	0	0	0	545	300	240
Italian	0	0	0	3,040	1,560	1,485
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Maltese	0	0	0	160	80	85
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,605	900	705
Serbian	0	0	0	145	75	70
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	110	60	55
Spanish	0	0	0	555	275	280
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	210	95	115
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	345	165	180
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	95	30	65
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	225	125	105
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	865	500	370
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	60	20	40
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	50	20	35
Dominican	0	0	0	15	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	495	285	210
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	90	60	30
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	25	25	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	110	70	40
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	35	25	15
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,220	625	595
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	30	0	25
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	140	65	75
Costa Rican	0	0	0	25	0	20
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	130	75	55
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexican	0	0	0	650	355	295
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	30	15	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	65	40	25
Salvadorean	0	0	0	45	15	35
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	15	10	0
African origins	0	0	0	380	210	170
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	80	35	45
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	30	10	20
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	10	0
North African origins	0	0	0	45	30	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	100	70	35
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	65	50	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	170	90	80
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	150	70	75
Asian origins	10	10	0	2,405	1,155	1,245
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	370	170	195
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	55	35	20
Armenian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	30	15	20
Israeli	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	160	60	95
Palestinian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	40	25	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	20	10	10
South Asian origins	0	0	0	600	320	275
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	450	250	200
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	110	65	50
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	20	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	10	0	0	1,405	645	755
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Chinese	0	0	0	275	125	155
Filipino	10	0	0	400	165	240
Hmong	0	0	0	20	20	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	60	20	40
Japanese	0	0	0	165	65	100
Karen	0	0	0	15	10	0
Korean	0	0	0	160	80	80
Laotian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	235	120	115
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	45	20	25
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	45	15	25
Oceania origins	0	0	0	100	30	70
Australian	0	0	0	80	25	50
New Zealander	0	0	0	15	0	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	65	...	...	45,235	...	...
Owner	60	...	...	33,525	...	...
Renter	0	...	...	11,715	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	65	...	...	45,240	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	2,410	...	...
Not condominium	65	...	...	42,820	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	65	...	...	45,235	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	60	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	3,445	...	...
2 bedrooms	25	...	...	9,970	...	...
3 bedrooms	40	...	...	20,245	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	11,520	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	65	...	...	45,235	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	0	...	...	6,375	...	...
5 rooms	15	...	...	5,650	...	...
6 rooms	10	...	...	7,620	...	...
7 rooms	25	...	...	7,500	...	...
8 or more rooms	15	...	...	18,095	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	65	...	...	45,235	...	...
One person or fewer per room	65	...	...	45,025	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	65	...	...	45,235	...	...
Suitable	65	...	...	44,210	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	1,025	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	65	...	...	45,235	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	15,330	...	...
1961 to 1980	10	...	...	11,915	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	4,750	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	5,190	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	2,490	...	...
2006 to 2010	20	...	...	3,030	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	2,530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	65	...	...	45,235	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	60	...	...	42,435	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	2,800	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	70	...	...	45,235	...	...
1 household maintainer	40	...	...	25,560	...	...
2 household maintainers	25	...	...	19,120	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	555	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	65	...	...	45,235	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,145	...	...
25 to 34 years	0	...	...	5,990	...	...
35 to 44 years	10	...	...	7,310	...	...
45 to 54 years	10	...	...	9,085	...	...
55 to 64 years	25	...	...	8,975	...	...
65 to 74 years	15	...	...	6,890	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	4,160	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,675	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	43,565	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	34,905	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	8,660	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	7,860	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	55	...	...	32,005	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	45.5	...	...	60.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	12.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	848	...	...	1,098	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	991	...	...	1,184	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,228	...	...	259,761	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	289,728	...	...	304,336	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	11,575	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	12.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	40.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	903	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	936	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	115	60	55	91,705	45,175	46,535
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	20	10	21,420	11,030	10,390
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20	15	10	28,680	14,470	14,210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	60	30	35	41,600	19,665	21,935
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	0	10	7,225	5,315	1,910
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	15	0	0	3,210	2,000	1,210
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	10	0	4,015	3,315	700
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25	25	10	22,695	9,470	13,225
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	10	1,330	655	670
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	0	0	0	10,345	4,225	6,125
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	7,685	2,970	4,720
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	10	665	270	395
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	280	155	130
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,520	745	775
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	195	95	105
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	75	35	40	58,480	29,140	29,335
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	0	8,330	4,795	3,535
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10	0	10	18,730	9,725	9,000
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	60	25	30	31,420	14,620	16,800
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	0	10	4,915	3,690	1,230
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	10	2,165	1,405	765
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	0	0	2,750	2,285	465
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25	20	0	17,790	7,500	10,290
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	850	455	395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	7,860	2,980	4,885
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	5,915	2,150	3,765
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	10	470	180	290
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	190	90	105
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,155	515	635
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	135	45	85
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	110	55	55	91,700	45,170	46,530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	50	30	20	50,105	25,500	24,600
Education	10	0	0	2,345	535	1,810
13. Education	10	0	10	2,345	535	1,815
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,320	535	785
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	275	200	75
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,045	330	715
Humanities	0	0	0	1,615	600	1,015
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	80	10	75
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	440	130	305
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	370	125	245
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	80	40	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	265	155	105
54. History	0	0	0	295	135	165
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	70	0	75
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	4,060	925	3,135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	295	115	175
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,400	70	1,330
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	475	125	355
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	105	10	90
42. Psychology	0	0	0	550	135	410
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,210	460	750
Business, management and public administration	15	15	0	7,065	2,305	4,760
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	775	135	645
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	20	15	0	6,265	2,170	4,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	965	465	495
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	465	210	255
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	150	50	95
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	210	145	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	120	55	70
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,095	615	480
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	845	480	360
25. Library science	0	0	0	80	30	55
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	165	105	60
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	0	0	9,965	9,550	420
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	205	155	50
14. Engineering	0	0	0	740	670	65
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	0	0	2,325	2,145	180
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	2,065	2,040	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	2,915	2,870	45
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,720	1,680	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	2,135	1,645	490
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	1,800	1,425	370
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	340	220	120
Health and related fields	20	0	15	7,535	920	6,610
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	650	300	350
51. Health professions and related programs	20	10	15	6,835	590	6,245
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	50	30	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	10	3,460	1,560	1,900
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	1,775	310	1,465
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	990	610	375
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	0	0	675	615	55
Other	0	0	0	30	0	30
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	30	0	30
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	75	35	40	58,475	29,140	29,340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15	10	10	27,055	14,520	12,535
Education	10	0	0	1,430	320	1,110
13. Education	10	0	10	1,435	325	1,110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,040	425	620
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	220	155	60
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	820	265	555
Humanities	0	0	0	1,145	415	725
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	70	10	65
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	305	80	215
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	270	95	170
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	65	35	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	180	120	60
54. History	0	0	0	210	80	135
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	40	0	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	3,210	695	2,520
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	260	110	150
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,180	50	1,135
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	400	85	315
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	85	10	75
42. Psychology	0	0	0	355	85	265
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	920	355	565
Business, management and public administration	15	15	10	5,530	1,685	3,845
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	670	100	570
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	20	10	10	4,845	1,580	3,265
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	735	315	415
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	355	150	210
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	125	35	85
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	160	90	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	85	35	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	935	535	400
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	750	440	305
25. Library science	0	0	0	55	25	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	125	75	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	0	0	7,440	7,085	350
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	180	140	40
14. Engineering	0	0	0	495	430	65
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,830	1,675	155
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	1,515	1,495	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	2,165	2,135	40
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,255	1,220	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,670	1,275	400
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	1,425	1,110	310
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	245	160	85
Health and related fields	15	0	10	5,650	685	4,970
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	535	240	295
51. Health professions and related programs	10	0	10	5,085	425	4,665
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	35	20	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	10	2,610	1,185	1,425
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	1,295	215	1,075
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	765	465	295
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	10	0	550	495	50
Other	0	0	0	20	0	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	20	0	20
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	110	60	55	91,705	45,170	46,530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50	30	20	50,100	25,505	24,600
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	65	25	35	41,600	19,670	21,930
Location of study inside Canada	65	25	35	38,700	18,130	20,575
Same as province or territory of residence	50	25	30	37,210	17,350	19,860
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	10	1,490	780	710
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	2,900	1,540	1,360
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	750	370	380
Philippines	0	0	0	120	60	65
India	0	0	0	65	30	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	545	325	215
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	1,395	740	650
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	75	35	40	58,475	29,140	29,335
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20	10	10	27,060	14,520	12,535
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	60	25	30	31,420	14,620	16,800
Location of study inside Canada	55	30	30	29,490	13,655	15,840
Same as province or territory of residence	50	25	25	28,465	13,105	15,360
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	0	1,025	550	475
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	1,930	970	960
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	560	265	300
Philippines	0	0	0	105	45	65
India	0	0	0	60	30	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	220	135	90
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	955	495	465
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	110	60	55	91,705	45,170	46,530
In the labour force	55	25	30	61,255	32,625	28,640
Employed	55	20	25	58,350	31,045	27,305
Unemployed	0	0	0	2,910	1,580	1,330
Not in the labour force	60	30	25	30,445	12,550	17,895
Participation rate	50.0	41.7	54.5	66.8	72.2	61.6
Employment rate	50.0	33.3	45.5	63.6	68.7	58.7
Unemployment rate	0.0	0.0	0.0	4.8	4.8	4.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	110	55	55	91,705	45,170	46,530
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	45	30	15	27,995	11,635	16,360
Worked	65	25	35	63,710	33,535	30,175
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	20	15	10	36,870	22,000	14,865
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	45	15	30	26,840	11,535	15,305
Average weeks worked in reference year	33.8	35.1	32.9	44.4	45.2	43.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	55	25	30	61,260	32,620	28,640
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	765	415	350
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	50	25	30	60,495	32,205	28,285
Employee	40	20	20	53,230	27,520	25,705
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10	0	10	7,265	4,685	2,580
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	55	25	30	61,255	32,620	28,640
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	770	415	355
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	50	25	25	60,490	32,205	28,290
0 Management occupations	10	10	0	6,980	4,545	2,435
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	10	0	7,435	1,870	5,570
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	10	0	2,295	1,750	550
3 Health occupations	0	0	10	3,495	380	3,115
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10	0	10	4,895	1,240	3,660
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,035	375	655
6 Sales and service occupations	15	10	0	12,460	4,410	8,050
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	0	0	0	11,885	10,920	965
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	2,230	1,575	660
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	7,780	5,155	2,630
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	55	25	30	61,255	32,620	28,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	765	415	355
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	50	25	25	60,495	32,205	28,285
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	3,950	2,725	1,230
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	160	150	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	300	240	60
23 Construction	0	0	0	4,540	4,000	545
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	13,095	9,025	4,065
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	2,535	1,770	760
44-45 Retail trade	15	10	10	6,390	2,780	3,615
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	10	0	3,625	2,630	990
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	640	335	300
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	1,780	505	1,280
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	695	410	285
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	0	0	2,110	995	1,115
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	30	10	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	2,320	1,200	1,125
61 Educational services	10	0	15	2,965	740	2,225
62 Health care and social assistance	0	0	10	5,945	600	5,345
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	1,035	500	530
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	3,675	1,110	2,560
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	2,710	1,375	1,335
91 Public administration	0	0	0	2,010	1,105	905
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	50	25	30	58,345	31,045	27,305
Worked at home	0	0	0	5,070	2,735	2,335
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	185	140	40
No fixed workplace address	0	10	0	5,935	4,540	1,395
Worked at usual place	45	15	30	47,160	23,620	23,540
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	45	20	25	47,160	23,620	23,535
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	0	0	0	20,055	9,640	10,420
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	40	15	20	11,545	5,950	5,595
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	10	10	15,480	7,990	7,490
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	80	40	35
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	50	25	25	53,090	28,165	24,930
Car, truck, van - as a driver	40	20	25	45,510	24,515	20,995
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	0	10	3,795	1,785	2,005
Public transit	0	0	0	470	130	345
Walked	0	0	0	2,525	1,215	1,310
Bicycle	0	0	0	315	230	75
Other method	0	0	0	475	280	200
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	50	20	25	53,095	28,160	24,930
Less than 15 minutes	15	10	10	21,870	10,965	10,905
15 to 29 minutes	25	10	15	15,495	8,155	7,340
30 to 44 minutes	10	0	10	9,120	5,165	3,950
45 to 59 minutes	0	10	0	3,970	2,095	1,880
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	2,635	1,780	855
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	50	25	25	53,090	28,160	24,930
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	5,795	4,040	1,760
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	10	11,320	7,475	3,840
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	25	10	15	12,970	6,640	6,330
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10	10	10	8,570	2,875	5,695
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	10	3,610	1,250	2,355
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	0	0	0	10,825	5,880	4,950
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	70	30	35	65,185	34,265	30,915
Single responses	70	30	35	64,990	34,190	30,800
Official languages	65	25	40	64,700	34,035	30,665
English	60	30	30	64,520	34,000	30,520
French	10	0	10	180	40	140
Non-official languages	0	0	0	290	150	135
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	290	150	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	275	150	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	250	135	120
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	90	60	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	160	70	90
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	195	75	115
English and French	0	0	0	45	10	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	135	65	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	65	30	35	65,185	34,265	30,920
None	40	20	25	63,710	33,485	30,220
English	0	0	10	275	130	140
French	20	10	10	445	205	240
Non-official language	0	0	0	745	435	305
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	740	435	300
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	135	65	65	110,750	54,990	55,760
Non-movers	125	60	65	97,380	48,505	48,875
Movers	10	0	10	13,370	6,485	6,885
Non-migrants	0	0	0	6,405	3,170	3,235
Migrants	0	0	10	6,960	3,315	3,650
Internal migrants	10	0	10	6,715	3,190	3,525
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	6,465	3,045	3,420
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	250	145	110
External migrants	0	0	0	245	125	120
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	130	65	65	105,270	52,165	53,105
Non-movers	95	45	50	67,530	33,685	33,845
Movers	40	20	15	37,735	18,480	19,260
Non-migrants	10	0	0	17,490	8,610	8,880
Migrants	30	20	10	20,250	9,875	10,375
Internal migrants	30	15	15	19,425	9,450	9,980
Intraprovincial migrants	25	15	10	18,635	9,040	9,600
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	795	410	380
External migrants	0	0	0	825	425	400

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Mattawan, TP [Census subdivision], Ontario and Oxford [Federal electoral district], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 14, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mattawan, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Oxford [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Mattawan, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Oxford [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Mattawan, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Oxford [Federal electoral district], Ontario