Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saanich, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Cow Head, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saanich, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Cow Head, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Saanich, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Saanich, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Cow Head, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	114,148	...	...	428	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	109,752	...	...	475^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.0	...	...	-9.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	49,422	...	...	255	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	46,652	...	...	203	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,099.9	...	...	24.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	103.78	...	...	17.84	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	114,145	55,335	58,815	425	210	220
0 to 14 years	15,510	7,990	7,520	50	25	25
0 to 4 years	4,765	2,450	2,315	15	5	5
5 to 9 years	5,185	2,695	2,495	20	10	10
10 to 14 years	5,560	2,845	2,710	20	10	10
15 to 64 years	74,925	36,650	38,270	260	125	130
15 to 19 years	6,740	3,430	3,310	10	10	5
20 to 24 years	9,145	4,780	4,370	15	0	10
25 to 29 years	6,780	3,525	3,260	15	5	10
30 to 34 years	6,485	3,230	3,250	15	10	5
35 to 39 years	6,380	3,085	3,300	25	10	10
40 to 44 years	6,665	3,125	3,535	15	10	10
45 to 49 years	7,580	3,650	3,935	25	15	15
50 to 54 years	8,395	4,020	4,375	35	20	15
55 to 59 years	8,525	3,920	4,600	55	25	30
60 to 64 years	8,230	3,880	4,345	45	25	15
65 years and over	23,715	10,690	13,025	120	55	65
65 to 69 years	7,435	3,495	3,940	50	20	25
70 to 74 years	5,315	2,505	2,815	25	10	15
75 to 79 years	3,900	1,775	2,125	20	15	5
80 to 84 years	3,245	1,440	1,805	15	10	10
85 years and over	3,815	1,475	2,340	10	5	10
85 to 89 years	2,220	900	1,320	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	1,240	480	760	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	325	90	235	0	0	0
100 years and over	30	5	25	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.6	14.4	12.8	11.8	11.9	11.4
15 to 64 years	65.6	66.2	65.1	61.2	59.5	59.1
65 years and over	20.8	19.3	22.1	28.2	26.2	29.5
85 years and over	3.3	2.7	4.0	2.4	2.4	4.5
Average age of the population	43.5	42.3	44.7	49.9	49.5	50.4
Median age of the population	44.5	42.6	46.1	55.4	55.6	55.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	46,650	...	...	205	...	...
Single-detached house	22,145	...	...	185	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	550	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	23,950	...	...	15	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,185	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	3,505	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10,350	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,845	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	65	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	46,650	...	...	200	...	...
1 person	12,645	...	...	50	...	...
2 persons	17,285	...	...	100	...	...
3 persons	7,310	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	6,100	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	3,310	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	111,835	...	...	430	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	98,640	47,345	51,295	380	185	195
Married or living common law	56,310	28,045	28,265	255	125	125
Married	47,670	23,735	23,935	210	105	105
Living common law	8,640	4,310	4,330	45	20	25
Not married and not living common law	42,330	19,300	23,025	125	55	70
Never married	27,825	15,010	12,820	65	35	30
Separated	2,195	855	1,340	0	0	0
Divorced	6,665	2,270	4,390	20	10	10
Widowed	5,645	1,165	4,480	40	10	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	32,040	...	...	150	...	...
2 persons	17,705	...	...	100	...	...
3 persons	6,845	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	5,800	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	1,690	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	32,040	...	...	145	...	...
Total couple families	27,350	...	...	125	...	...
Married couples	23,030	...	...	100	...	...
Common-law couples	4,320	...	...	25	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,690	...	...	20	...	...
Female parent	3,685	...	...	15	...	...
Male parent	1,000	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	27,355	...	...	125	...	...
Couples without children	14,635	...	...	90	...	...
Couples with children	12,720	...	...	35	...	...
1 child	5,540	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	5,550	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	1,630	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,690	...	...	20	...	...
1 child	3,075	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	1,305	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	310	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	23,790	10,790	12,995	70	25	40
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	46,650	...	...	205	...	...
One-census-family households	30,010	...	...	140	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,630	...	...	85	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,380	...	...	60	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,000	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	15,645	...	...	60	...	...
One-person households	12,650	...	...	55	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,995	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	112,875	54,635	58,245	430	205	220
English only	101,080	49,440	51,635	420	205	220
French only	35	15	15	0	0	0
English and French	9,895	4,415	5,475	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	1,865	755	1,105	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	112,880	54,635	58,245	425	210	220
English	109,340	53,080	56,265	430	210	220
French	1,325	640	690	0	0	0
English and French	380	185	195	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,825	735	1,095	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,515	730	785	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.3	1.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	112,880	54,635	58,240	425	205	220
Single responses	110,895	53,700	57,190	430	205	220
Official languages	88,585	43,525	45,060	430	205	225
English	87,265	42,895	44,370	430	210	220
French	1,315	630	690	0	0	0
Non-official languages	22,315	10,180	12,135	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	5	5	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	22,285	10,165	12,120	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	745	395	350	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	700	370	330	0	0	0
Amharic	35	20	15	0	0	0
Arabic	570	305	265	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	50	20	25	0	0	0
Maltese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	30	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	510	220	290	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	50	20	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	460	205	255	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,465	555	910	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	85	25	60	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	75	30	45	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	35	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,225	470	755	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	170	95	75	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tamil	75	35	40	0	0	0
Telugu	50	30	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,850	4,660	5,195	0	0	0
Albanian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,445	670	775	0	0	0
Baltic languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	15	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,415	650	765	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Croatian	230	115	115	0	0	0
Czech	95	50	45	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	315	145	175	0	0	0
Russian	320	125	190	0	0	0
Serbian	95	50	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Slovak	40	20	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	180	85	100	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	15	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,265	995	1,270	0	0	0
Afrikaans	55	30	30	0	0	0
Danish	105	40	70	0	0	0
Dutch	600	280	315	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,355	585	770	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Swedish	50	15	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	60	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,705	1,850	1,855	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	3,305	1,630	1,670	0	0	0
Bengali	100	45	50	0	0	0
Gujarati	65	30	30	0	0	0
Hindi	295	160	140	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	40	25	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,615	1,270	1,350	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	5	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Urdu	115	65	50	0	0	0
Iranian languages	395	210	185	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	370	200	170	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,250	1,040	1,210	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	450	210	240	0	0	0
Portuguese	685	315	370	0	0	0
Romanian	130	55	70	0	0	0
Spanish	985	460	525	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	635	190	445	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	785	340	450	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	110	60	50	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	7,500	3,390	4,110	0	0	0
Chinese languages	7,460	3,365	4,090	0	0	0
Cantonese	3,290	1,515	1,770	0	0	0
Hakka	35	5	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	3,605	1,605	2,000	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	140	60	80	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	85	35	50	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	300	135	165	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Burmese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	90	25	60	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	80	25	55	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	30	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	315	165	155	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	80	30	50	0	0	0
Hungarian	225	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,980	935	1,050	0	0	0
English and French	295	140	155	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,600	745	850	0	0	0
French and non-official language	50	25	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	20	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	112,880	54,635	58,240	430	210	220
Single responses	108,680	52,710	55,960	425	210	220
Official languages	98,070	47,780	50,285	425	210	220
English	97,675	47,610	50,065	430	205	220
French	390	170	220	0	0	0
Non-official languages	10,610	4,930	5,685	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,605	4,930	5,680	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	370	175	190	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	355	170	185	0	0	0
Amharic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	325	155	165	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	285	135	150	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	260	125	135	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	565	245	315	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	5	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	515	225	290	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,555	1,700	1,860	0	0	0
Albanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	430	200	230	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	430	200	230	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	85	40	40	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	35	40	0	0	0
Russian	125	55	70	0	0	0
Serbian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	255	135	125	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	50	25	30	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	170	90	80	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,010	965	1,045	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,805	860	945	0	0	0
Bengali	55	25	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	5	0	0	0
Hindi	120	60	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,505	700	805	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	70	45	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	205	105	100	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	205	105	95	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	805	380	430	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	80	30	50	0	0	0
Portuguese	260	115	145	0	0	0
Romanian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Spanish	415	205	205	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	240	100	140	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	550	240	310	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	25	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,810	2,205	2,600	0	0	0
Chinese languages	4,795	2,200	2,595	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,915	895	1,020	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,600	1,190	1,410	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	20	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	190	80	105	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,200	1,920	2,275	0	0	0
English and French	160	80	75	0	0	0
English and non-official language	3,960	1,805	2,155	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	65	35	40	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	112,875	54,635	58,240	425	205	220
None	99,575	48,460	51,115	430	210	220
English	4,765	2,250	2,510	0	0	0
French	1,175	530	650	0	0	0
Non-official language	7,130	3,295	3,835	0	0	0
Aboriginal	25	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,105	3,280	3,820	0	0	0
English and French	25	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	95	40	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	115	50	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	96,360	46,325	50,030	380	180	195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	93,110	44,700	48,410	375	180	190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,300	42,685	33,227	27,040	38,016	20,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	93,215	44,785	48,430	370	180	190
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,186	37,280	30,139	25,440	32,448	19,648
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,805	41,905	44,900	290	150	140
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,397	40,424	29,463	20,224	32,608	13,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,315	28,125	37,190	320	150	170
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,652	3,648	5,024	12,768	15,232	11,616
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	69,795	34,780	35,015	255	135	125
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,552	35,654	28,183	19,264	30,144	13,248
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	96,355	46,325	50,035	475	220	250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	92,920	44,555	48,370	455	225	230
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,721	54,714	41,280	36,238	50,737	22,329
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	93,055	44,670	48,385	455	220	230
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,827	44,501	35,512	30,469	41,215	20,162
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	86,710	41,770	44,945	340	190	145
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,743	53,545	38,491	34,787	47,516	18,454
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,275	28,280	36,990	405	185	220
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,168	7,112	7,211	11,812	12,573	11,178
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,795	34,645	35,150	320	175	145
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,906	48,066	35,834	31,709	45,219	15,328
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	96,360	46,325	50,035	470	220	245
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	29,045	15,800	13,245	70	30	45
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,152	60,343	50,743	44,414	61,710	24,258
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	63,979	70,119	56,652	41,953	60,586	28,853
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.5	91.9	86.6	70.4	75.7	62.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.7	68.3	62.5	58.6	62.7	52.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.5	8.1	13.4	28.9	23.3	39.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	96,360	46,325	50,035	380	185	195
Without total income	3,245	1,625	1,620	5	5	5
With total income	93,110	44,695	48,410	370	180	190
Percentage with total income	96.6	96.5	96.8	97.4	97.3	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,700	5,765	6,940	30	5	25
$10,000 to $19,999	14,235	5,840	8,395	100	35	70
$20,000 to $29,999	11,875	4,940	6,940	70	25	50
$30,000 to $39,999	10,545	4,580	5,965	50	30	20
$40,000 to $49,999	9,930	4,405	5,525	25	15	10
$50,000 to $59,999	8,265	3,910	4,355	20	15	5
$60,000 to $69,999	6,260	3,375	2,880	15	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	5,135	2,850	2,285	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,900	2,260	1,635	10	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,820	1,695	1,125	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	7,445	5,075	2,370	20	15	0
$100,000 to $149,999	5,095	3,410	1,690	15	10	0
$150,000 and over	2,345	1,665	680	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	96,355	46,325	50,035	380	185	195
Without after-tax income	3,140	1,535	1,605	5	5	5
With after-tax income	93,215	44,790	48,430	370	185	190
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	96.7	96.8	97.4	100.0	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,415	6,095	7,325	35	5	30
$10,000 to $19,999	14,960	6,275	8,690	105	35	70
$20,000 to $29,999	14,180	6,065	8,115	90	35	55
$30,000 to $39,999	12,550	5,470	7,085	40	25	15
$40,000 to $49,999	11,315	5,205	6,110	25	20	5
$50,000 to $59,999	8,355	4,400	3,955	25	20	5
$60,000 to $69,999	6,250	3,520	2,735	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	4,295	2,500	1,800	15	10	5
$80,000 and over	7,890	5,265	2,625	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,565	1,615	955	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,565	1,045	520	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	3,765	2,610	1,155	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	96,355	46,325	50,035	380	185	195
Without employment income	26,560	11,545	15,015	120	50	70
With employment income	69,795	34,780	35,015	255	130	125
Percentage with employment income	72.4	75.1	70.0	67.1	70.3	64.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,935	5,685	6,250	40	15	25
$5,000 to $9,999	5,580	2,480	3,095	25	5	20
$10,000 to $19,999	9,080	4,080	5,000	70	25	40
$20,000 to $29,999	7,155	3,340	3,810	30	15	15
$30,000 to $39,999	6,665	3,025	3,635	20	10	5
$40,000 to $49,999	6,585	2,810	3,775	15	15	5
$50,000 to $59,999	5,345	2,545	2,800	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	4,115	2,275	1,840	10	10	0
$70,000 to $79,999	3,640	2,060	1,575	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	9,705	6,470	3,235	30	25	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,890	1,720	1,175	5	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,975	1,240	730	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	4,835	3,505	1,330	15	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	46,650	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,282	...	...	55,424	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,320	...	...	51,328	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	12,650	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,765	...	...	19,968	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,387	...	...	19,904	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	34,005	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,812	...	...	74,155	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,821	...	...	64,896	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	46,650	...	...	230	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,051	...	...	71,458	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,439	...	...	60,083	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,645	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,100	...	...	28,431	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,768	...	...	25,689	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	34,010	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	112,507	...	...	87,688	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,816	...	...	73,057	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	46,655	...	...	200	...	...
Under $5,000	1,015	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	560	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,105	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,440	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,680	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,545	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,605	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,735	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,750	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,740	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,585	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,205	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,165	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,900	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,605	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	17,025	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,450	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,950	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,405	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,220	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	46,650	...	...	200	...	...
Under $5,000	1,065	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	570	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,150	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,515	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,930	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,855	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,985	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,070	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,070	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,220	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,065	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,820	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,460	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,140	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,795	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,950	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,310	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,360	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	4,280	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	31,665	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,794	...	...	74,496	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,399	...	...	64,981	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,535	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,121	...	...	71,424	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,077	...	...	62,080	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	12,775	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,029	...	...	109,312	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,699	...	...	88,320	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,425	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,817	...	...	48,256	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,988	...	...	43,648	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	31,595	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	114,025	...	...	88,366	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,669	...	...	73,795	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	13,545	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	108,423	...	...	65,326	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,259	...	...	56,140	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,785	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,024	...	...	111,337	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,397	...	...	91,699	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,365	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,316	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,613	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	21,355	9,795	11,560	65	25	40
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,006	28,846	30,984	20,608	26,688	19,168
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,446	26,323	28,335	20,096	25,408	19,104
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	21,400	10,060	11,340	80	25	55
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,851	37,658	39,909	29,894	0	27,472
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,395	32,103	34,542	26,177	0	24,489
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	111,830	54,290	57,540	425	205	225
In the bottom half of the distribution	48,825	22,985	25,835	235	105	130
In the bottom decile	12,130	5,905	6,225	30	10	20
In the second decile	8,535	3,860	4,675	85	40	50
In the third decile	8,705	4,090	4,620	40	20	20
In the fourth decile	9,155	4,295	4,865	45	25	25
In the fifth decile	10,290	4,840	5,450	35	20	15
In the top half of the distribution	63,015	31,305	31,705	190	105	90
In the sixth decile	11,150	5,430	5,715	50	30	20
In the seventh decile	12,035	5,925	6,110	60	30	25
In the eighth decile	13,285	6,655	6,625	40	25	15
In the ninth decile	14,035	7,020	7,015	30	15	15
In the top decile	12,510	6,265	6,240	20	10	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	111,830	54,290	57,540	430	210	220
0 to 17 years	19,210	9,850	9,365	60	25	35
0 to 5 years	5,730	2,930	2,795	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	70,535	34,320	36,215	250	125	125
65 years and over	22,085	10,125	11,960	120	55	65
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	13,760	6,395	7,365	90	35	55
0 to 17 years	2,910	1,515	1,400	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	830	430	400	10	5	0
18 to 64 years	8,960	4,195	4,770	25	10	15
65 years and over	1,890	690	1,205	45	15	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.3	11.8	12.8	20.9	16.7	25.0
0 to 17 years (%)	15.1	15.4	14.9	25.0	20.0	14.3
0 to 5 years (%)	14.5	14.7	14.3	66.7	50.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.7	12.2	13.2	10.0	8.0	12.0
65 years and over (%)	8.6	6.8	10.1	37.5	27.3	46.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10,575	5,210	5,365	15	5	10
0 to 17 years	1,835	935	910	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	470	245	220	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	8,175	4,055	4,120	10	0	5
65 years and over	560	220	345	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.5	9.6	9.3	3.5	2.4	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	9.6	9.5	9.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	8.2	8.4	7.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	11.8	11.4	4.0	0.0	4.0
65 years and over (%)	2.5	2.2	2.9	4.2	0.0	7.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	111,835	54,290	57,540	515	240	275
Official languages	109,985	53,540	56,440	510	240	270
English	109,960	53,530	56,430	510	240	275
French	9,815	4,245	5,565	0	0	0
Non-official languages	28,620	13,280	15,340	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	65	20	45	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	10	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	28,565	13,270	15,300	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	935	520	415	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	60	25	35	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	865	485	380	0	0	0
Amharic	35	20	15	0	0	0
Arabic	705	390	315	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	95	55	45	0	0	0
Maltese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	40	20	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	630	315	320	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	90	55	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	545	265	285	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	2,055	740	1,320	0	0	0
Bikol	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	115	40	75	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	160	65	100	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	120	55	70	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,860	655	1,205	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	55	25	35	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	25	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	205	110	95	0	0	0
Kannada	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	50	40	0	0	0
Tamil	70	35	35	0	0	0
Telugu	55	20	30	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	14,320	6,805	7,515	0	0	0
Albanian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,740	870	865	0	0	0
Baltic languages	40	30	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,700	840	855	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Croatian	425	230	195	0	0	0
Czech	140	80	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	290	130	155	0	0	0
Russian	580	260	320	0	0	0
Serbian	120	40	80	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	35	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	180	100	85	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,765	1,710	2,055	0	0	0
Afrikaans	240	120	125	0	0	0
Danish	195	80	115	0	0	0
Dutch	740	390	345	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	15	0	0	0
German	2,515	1,105	1,410	0	0	0
Icelandic	35	15	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	85	35	50	0	0	0
Swedish	95	35	65	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	190	105	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,530	2,295	2,230	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,115	2,070	2,045	0	0	0
Bengali	90	35	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	105	60	50	0	0	0
Hindi	1,010	540	470	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,390	1,675	1,715	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	240	135	105	0	0	0
Iranian languages	410	220	190	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	395	210	185	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,630	2,060	2,570	0	0	0
Catalan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Italian	770	350	420	0	0	0
Portuguese	670	330	345	0	0	0
Romanian	130	55	75	0	0	0
Spanish	3,260	1,410	1,850	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	1,065	465	595	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	980	445	535	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	215	120	100	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	15	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	90	60	35	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	35	15	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	290	105	180	0	0	0
American Sign Language	105	30	80	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	180	75	100	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	7,890	3,640	4,250	0	0	0
Chinese languages	7,865	3,625	4,240	0	0	0
Cantonese	3,780	1,775	2,005	0	0	0
Hakka	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mandarin	4,480	2,025	2,455	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	165	60	105	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	55	15	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	260	115	145	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	140	55	85	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	135	55	85	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	80	50	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	65	45	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	340	185	160	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	65	30	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	265	150	120	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	111,835	54,295	57,540	510	240	270
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	103,015	50,330	52,685	515	240	270
Canadian citizens aged under 18	18,015	9,260	8,745	60	20	40
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	85,005	41,065	43,935	450	220	230
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	8,820	3,960	4,855	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	111,835	54,295	57,540	510	240	270
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	83,925	41,455	42,470	505	245	270
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	24,755	11,320	13,435	0	0	0
Before 1981	10,250	4,930	5,320	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	2,745	1,200	1,540	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	3,820	1,690	2,130	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	5,040	2,190	2,855	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	2,255	960	1,290	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	2,790	1,225	1,565	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,905	1,320	1,590	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	3,155	1,520	1,640	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	24,755	11,320	13,440	0	0	0
Under 5 years	2,595	1,295	1,300	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	4,075	2,045	2,030	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	5,670	2,550	3,120	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	10,255	4,480	5,780	0	0	0
45 years and over	2,160	955	1,205	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	24,755	11,320	13,440	0	0	0
Americas	2,845	1,230	1,620	10	0	0
Brazil	90	55	35	0	0	0
Colombia	100	50	55	0	0	0
El Salvador	85	40	45	0	0	0
Guyana	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	70	35	40	0	0	0
Mexico	200	90	115	0	0	0
Peru	40	10	30	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65	30	35	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,690	700	985	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	465	200	260	0	0	0
Europe	8,945	4,330	4,610	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	90	40	50	0	0	0
Croatia	200	115	80	0	0	0
France	155	50	105	0	0	0
Germany	890	395	490	0	0	0
Greece	95	60	40	0	0	0
Hungary	200	125	80	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	130	75	60	0	0	0
Italy	240	115	130	0	0	0
Netherlands	525	300	225	0	0	0
Poland	220	100	120	0	0	0
Portugal	365	160	205	0	0	0
Romania	125	60	70	0	0	0
Russian Federation	200	90	115	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	80	35	35	0	0	0
Ukraine	125	60	65	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	4,340	2,070	2,275	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	960	485	475	0	0	0
Africa	1,005	475	530	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	50	30	20	0	0	0
Ethiopia	65	30	35	0	0	0
Kenya	60	25	35	0	0	0
Morocco	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	50	30	20	0	0	0
Somalia	30	15	15	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	410	180	230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	305	150	160	0	0	0
Asia	11,565	5,105	6,460	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	50	15	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	3,530	1,550	1,980	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	760	360	400	0	0	0
India	2,375	1,160	1,210	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	310	165	145	0	0	0
Iraq	30	20	10	0	0	0
Japan	320	75	250	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	610	270	340	0	0	0
Lebanon	60	35	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	180	100	85	0	0	0
Philippines	1,770	650	1,125	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	45	15	30	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	360	150	205	0	0	0
Viet Nam	430	195	235	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	680	305	375	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	395	180	215	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,905	1,320	1,590	0	0	0
Americas	280	120	160	0	0	0
Brazil	35	25	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	45	30	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	120	45	75	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	60	25	35	0	0	0
Europe	310	155	160	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	15	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	20	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	115	70	50	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	65	25	35	0	0	0
Africa	115	60	55	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	30	20	0	0	0
Asia	2,165	955	1,205	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	590	245	345	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	40	20	15	0	0	0
India	335	180	155	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	45	30	20	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	25	0	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	215	105	110	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	20	0	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	735	300	435	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	30	40	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Australia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	111,835	54,295	57,540	515	240	270
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	29,060	13,460	15,605	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	27,430	13,365	14,060	10	0	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	55,340	27,470	27,875	505	240	265
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	15,060	6,670	8,390	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	8,315	3,930	4,380	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,355	1,905	1,455	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	4,955	2,030	2,925	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	5,690	2,160	3,535	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	950	535	415	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	105	50	55	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	111,835	54,295	57,540	510	240	270
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,490	1,550	1,935	145	70	70
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,325	1,470	1,850	115	60	60
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,720	710	1,010	115	55	60
Métis	1,550	730	820	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	95	45	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	70	30	40	30	15	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	108,350	52,745	55,605	365	170	205
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	111,835	54,290	57,540	510	240	270
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,200	470	725	120	60	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	110,635	53,820	56,815	395	185	210
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	111,835	54,290	57,540	515	240	270
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	645	310	335	40	20	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	600	285	315	45	20	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	475	230	240	40	20	25
Métis single ancestry	115	55	55	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	45	20	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	15	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,280	1,945	2,335	160	85	80
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,095	1,845	2,250	160	85	75
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,640	1,125	1,515	160	80	75
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,400	690	715	10	10	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	35	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	185	95	90	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	106,905	52,040	54,865	310	140	170
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	111,835	54,290	57,545	515	240	275
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	24,750	11,750	12,995	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	5,640	2,810	2,825	0	0	0
Chinese	9,675	4,570	5,110	0	0	0
Black	1,155	585	565	0	0	0
Filipino	2,440	965	1,480	0	0	0
Latin American	815	415	405	0	0	0
Arab	680	370	310	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	995	490	510	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	430	235	200	0	0	0
Korean	1,080	500	580	0	0	0
Japanese	975	415	555	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	185	100	85	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	685	310	375	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	87,085	42,545	44,545	515	240	275
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	111,835	54,290	57,540	515	240	270
North American Aboriginal origins	4,925	2,250	2,670	200	105	100
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,335	1,465	1,865	200	100	100
Inuit	105	50	55	0	0	0
Métis	1,715	850	865	10	10	0
Other North American origins	26,410	13,050	13,360	280	140	135
Acadian	175	90	85	0	0	0
American	2,540	1,135	1,405	0	0	0
Canadian	24,725	12,265	12,465	275	140	135
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	30	10	20	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	55	40	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	81,165	39,385	41,780	290	135	155
British Isles origins	61,725	29,860	31,865	270	120	150
Channel Islander	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cornish	25	10	15	0	0	0
English	41,055	19,855	21,200	240	115	130
Irish	20,685	9,505	11,170	30	10	20
Manx	75	20	55	0	0	0
Scottish	28,365	13,395	14,970	30	10	20
Welsh	4,005	1,825	2,185	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	4,250	2,020	2,230	0	0	0
French origins	10,280	4,680	5,600	20	0	15
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	10	0	0	0
French	10,275	4,680	5,600	25	10	15
Western European origins (except French origins)	21,175	10,280	10,890	40	20	20
Austrian	1,275	565	710	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	600	310	290	0	0	0
Dutch	5,435	2,735	2,700	10	0	10
Flemish	80	25	50	0	0	0
Frisian	50	20	25	0	0	0
German	14,820	7,175	7,640	35	15	15
Luxembourger	20	0	20	0	0	0
Swiss	805	385	420	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	55	20	30	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	9,050	4,340	4,705	0	0	0
Danish	1,750	870	880	0	0	0
Finnish	785	345	435	0	0	0
Icelandic	705	300	400	0	0	0
Norwegian	3,375	1,655	1,720	0	0	0
Swedish	2,815	1,360	1,460	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	490	235	250	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	13,025	6,290	6,735	0	0	0
Bulgarian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Byelorussian	105	50	50	0	0	0
Czech	550	265	290	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	190	105	85	0	0	0
Estonian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,480	705	775	0	0	0
Latvian	135	65	65	0	0	0
Lithuanian	240	120	120	0	0	0
Moldovan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Polish	3,650	1,805	1,840	0	0	0
Romanian	580	280	295	0	0	0
Russian	2,635	1,305	1,320	0	0	0
Slovak	240	120	120	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5,395	2,570	2,830	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	110	30	75	0	0	0
Southern European origins	7,950	3,770	4,175	0	0	0
Albanian	65	40	20	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Catalan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	710	415	290	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	640	305	330	0	0	0
Italian	3,510	1,645	1,870	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Maltese	100	40	60	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,215	590	630	0	0	0
Serbian	195	65	130	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	130	60	70	0	0	0
Spanish	1,500	680	820	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	190	100	90	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	50	30	25	0	0	0
Other European origins	1,100	555	540	0	0	0
Basque	60	35	30	0	0	0
Jewish	510	260	250	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	25	0	20	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	25	15	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	480	240	240	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	605	280	325	0	0	0
Antiguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	35	10	30	0	0	0
Bermudan	30	15	20	0	0	0
Carib	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cuban	35	10	25	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	275	130	145	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	15	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	65	25	35	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,730	790	940	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	110	50	65	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	60	15	40	0	0	0
Belizean	10	0	15	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	85	55	30	0	0	0
Chilean	120	65	55	0	0	0
Colombian	125	60	65	0	0	0
Costa Rican	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Guatemalan	65	40	25	0	0	0
Guyanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Hispanic	20	15	10	0	0	0
Honduran	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maya	30	20	15	0	0	0
Mexican	685	325	360	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	65	25	35	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Salvadorean	85	25	60	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	40	10	35	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	165	75	90	0	0	0
African origins	1,680	840	835	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	160	75	85	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Congolese	20	10	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	65	40	30	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	30	10	20	0	0	0
North African origins	310	175	135	0	0	0
Algerian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	135	75	65	0	0	0
Libyan	105	60	40	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	55	25	25	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	820	400	420	0	0	0
Afrikaner	55	25	30	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	30	20	15	0	0	0
Ethiopian	85	40	50	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	70	30	40	0	0	0
South African	420	195	225	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	35	30	0	0	0	0
Zambian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	55	25	25	0	0	0
Other African origins	420	205	215	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	75	40	35	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	370	175	195	0	0	0
Asian origins	23,475	11,040	12,435	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,735	890	845	0	0	0
Afghan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	215	110	105	0	0	0
Armenian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	535	270	265	0	0	0
Iraqi	60	50	15	0	0	0
Israeli	55	30	25	0	0	0
Jordanian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	250	110	135	0	0	0
Palestinian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	115	65	50	0	0	0
Syrian	105	60	50	0	0	0
Tajik	15	15	10	0	0	0
Tatar	25	15	10	0	0	0
Turk	120	80	40	0	0	0
Turkmen	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	20	15	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	110	55	55	0	0	0
South Asian origins	5,795	2,885	2,910	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	45	20	30	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bhutanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
East Indian	5,040	2,520	2,520	0	0	0
Goan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	155	90	70	0	0	0
Punjabi	455	205	255	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	50	15	35	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	130	55	75	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	16,060	7,325	8,740	0	0	0
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	110	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese	10,295	4,820	5,475	0	0	0
Filipino	2,665	1,070	1,600	0	0	0
Hmong	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	125	45	80	0	0	0
Japanese	1,150	495	655	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,120	530	595	0	0	0
Laotian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	140	55	85	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	30	20	15	0	0	0
Taiwanese	200	65	140	0	0	0
Thai	140	50	90	0	0	0
Tibetan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	715	330	385	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	100	50	50	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	105	50	50	0	0	0
Oceania origins	760	365	395	0	0	0
Australian	360	170	190	0	0	0
New Zealander	195	100	105	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	210	105	105	0	0	0
Fijian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Hawaiian	75	25	45	0	0	0
Maori	50	25	25	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Samoan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	46,655	...	...	230	...	...
Owner	32,635	...	...	215	...	...
Renter	14,015	...	...	15	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	46,650	...	...	230	...	...
Condominium	7,060	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	39,595	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	46,655	...	...	230	...	...
No bedrooms	315	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	5,630	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,565	...	...	65	...	...
3 bedrooms	14,025	...	...	120	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15,125	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	46,650	...	...	230	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,050	...	...	30	...	...
5 rooms	6,315	...	...	35	...	...
6 rooms	5,970	...	...	35	...	...
7 rooms	5,760	...	...	45	...	...
8 or more rooms	16,555	...	...	80	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	46,650	...	...	230	...	...
One person or fewer per room	46,115	...	...	230	...	...
More than 1 person per room	540	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	46,655	...	...	230	...	...
Suitable	45,115	...	...	230	...	...
Not suitable	1,535	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	46,650	...	...	230	...	...
1960 or before	11,900	...	...	40	...	...
1961 to 1980	15,480	...	...	90	...	...
1981 to 1990	8,430	...	...	55	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,880	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,955	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,845	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,160	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	46,655	...	...	230	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	44,450	...	...	205	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,205	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	46,655	...	...	230	...	...
1 household maintainer	24,540	...	...	140	...	...
2 household maintainers	20,120	...	...	85	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,995	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	46,650	...	...	230	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,275	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,225	...	...	15	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,610	...	...	10	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,025	...	...	40	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,550	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,620	...	...	50	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,415	...	...	35	...	...
85 years and over	1,925	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	46,390	...	...	225	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	34,075	...	...	210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	12,315	...	...	15	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10,355	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	32,465	...	...	215	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.0	...	...	20.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	18.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,094	...	...	412	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,418	...	...	645	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	648,205	...	...	100,003	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	685,665	...	...	107,634	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,000	...	...	15	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,084	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,180	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	96,360	46,320	50,030	470	220	245
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,565	5,815	5,750	140	50	85
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	27,430	13,060	14,370	130	55	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	57,365	27,450	29,915	200	120	85
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,075	5,320	1,760	55	40	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,730	1,555	1,180	30	20	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,345	3,765	580	25	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,415	6,895	10,520	90	35	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,755	1,065	1,690	10	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30,110	14,170	15,945	45	40	10
Bachelor's degree	18,465	8,315	10,145	45	35	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,900	795	1,105	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	995	575	415	0	0	0
Master's degree	6,870	3,275	3,600	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,890	1,210	680	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	58,470	28,030	30,440	265	145	120
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,790	2,210	1,580	25	20	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,575	6,570	7,010	95	35	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,105	19,250	21,850	145	90	55
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,635	3,515	1,120	45	35	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,755	1,000	745	20	20	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,885	2,515	370	25	15	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,630	5,160	7,470	70	35	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,790	745	1,050	0	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	22,045	9,825	12,220	25	15	0
Bachelor's degree	13,720	6,025	7,700	20	15	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,325	530	795	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	675	295	375	0	0	0
Master's degree	5,190	2,345	2,850	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,135	630	505	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	96,360	46,325	50,035	475	225	250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	38,990	18,870	20,125	270	105	170
Education	4,575	1,150	3,420	30	25	10
13. Education	4,575	1,150	3,420	30	20	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,170	890	1,275	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	250	195	55	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,920	705	1,215	0	0	0
Humanities	3,620	1,415	2,210	0	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	610	135	470	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,070	315	755	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	720	285	440	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	40	20	25	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	160	105	55	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	295	195	100	0	0	10
54. History	605	330	275	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	120	30	90	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,865	3,230	4,635	20	10	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	160	50	110	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	485	170	310	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	925	85	845	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,140	440	700	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	135	50	80	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,625	525	1,100	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,395	1,905	1,490	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	10,380	4,210	6,170	30	0	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,030	330	700	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,340	3,875	5,465	30	0	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,290	1,775	1,515	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,625	755	870	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	475	215	265	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,095	790	305	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	15	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,625	1,710	910	10	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,935	1,395	545	0	10	0
25. Library science	230	20	205	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	420	265	160	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	45	35	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,470	8,540	930	55	50	10
04. Architecture and related services	345	195	150	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,295	1,910	380	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,900	1,640	260	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,655	2,595	60	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,395	1,375	15	20	15	0
48. Precision production	885	830	55	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,210	795	420	10	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	575	360	220	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	635	435	200	10	0	0
Health and related fields	9,335	2,200	7,140	10	10	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	725	390	330	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	8,285	1,615	6,675	10	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	325	195	135	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,815	1,525	1,290	25	0	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,850	730	1,125	15	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	40	40	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	40	40	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	405	295	110	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	475	420	60	10	10	10
Other	10	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	58,470	28,035	30,435	265	145	120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,365	8,780	8,590	120	55	65
Education	2,810	670	2,140	0	0	0
13. Education	2,805	670	2,140	10	10	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,585	665	920	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	195	135	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,385	525	860	0	0	0
Humanities	2,520	915	1,600	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	465	80	380	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	725	195	530	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	555	230	325	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	10	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	100	55	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	200	125	75	0	0	0
54. History	390	220	165	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	65	10	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,830	2,255	3,575	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	130	40	90	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	400	135	270	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	700	55	645	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	855	280	570	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	105	50	60	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,080	305	775	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,565	1,395	1,165	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	7,710	3,095	4,615	25	0	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	735	205	530	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,975	2,890	4,085	25	0	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,205	1,155	1,045	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,135	535	600	0	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	350	165	190	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	670	445	220	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,130	1,430	705	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,755	1,265	490	10	10	0
25. Library science	125	20	105	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	220	120	95	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,535	5,790	750	40	40	0
04. Architecture and related services	220	100	120	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,685	1,355	330	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,245	1,055	185	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,870	1,810	55	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	925	915	10	15	20	0
48. Precision production	595	545	45	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	945	575	370	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	435	260	175	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	510	315	190	10	10	0
Health and related fields	6,765	1,585	5,180	10	10	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	600	320	280	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,965	1,165	4,790	10	10	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	210	100	110	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,050	1,105	945	30	10	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,400	575	820	15	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	20	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	265	195	75	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	355	305	50	10	10	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	96,355	46,325	50,035	470	225	250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,990	18,875	20,120	270	105	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	57,365	27,450	29,915	205	115	80
Location of study inside Canada	46,990	22,525	24,465	200	115	80
Same as province or territory of residence	35,050	16,610	18,440	170	105	60
Different than province or territory of residence	11,945	5,915	6,025	30	10	20
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10,375	4,925	5,450	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,365	1,280	1,085	0	0	0
Philippines	970	310	660	0	0	0
India	665	345	315	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,875	990	885	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	975	425	545	0	0	0
France	50	15	35	0	0	0
Other	3,475	1,550	1,920	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	58,470	28,030	30,435	265	145	120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,365	8,785	8,585	120	55	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	41,105	19,250	21,850	145	90	60
Location of study inside Canada	34,205	16,260	17,945	150	90	55
Same as province or territory of residence	26,575	12,535	14,040	125	85	40
Different than province or territory of residence	7,630	3,725	3,910	20	10	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,895	2,995	3,900	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,365	680	690	0	0	0
Philippines	855	265	590	0	0	0
India	500	220	275	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	830	380	450	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	810	375	430	0	0	0
France	40	15	30	0	0	0
Other	2,490	1,055	1,435	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	96,355	46,325	50,035	470	220	250
In the labour force	60,270	30,375	29,895	265	150	115
Employed	56,845	28,515	28,325	185	100	85
Unemployed	3,430	1,860	1,565	80	50	30
Not in the labour force	36,090	15,945	20,140	205	75	130
Participation rate	62.5	65.6	59.7	56.4	68.2	46.0
Employment rate	59.0	61.6	56.6	39.4	45.5	34.0
Unemployment rate	5.7	6.1	5.2	30.2	33.3	26.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	96,355	46,320	50,035	470	225	250
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	32,435	14,225	18,210	185	60	125
Worked	63,925	32,095	31,830	285	160	125
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	29,915	16,330	13,590	75	35	45
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	34,005	15,765	18,240	210	130	80
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	42.4	41.6	30.8	29.5	32.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	60,270	30,375	29,895	265	150	120
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	930	455	470	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	59,345	29,920	29,425	265	150	120
Employee	50,890	24,900	25,995	235	120	105
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	8,455	5,020	3,435	35	25	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	60,270	30,375	29,895	265	145	120
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	925	460	465	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	59,345	29,920	29,425	270	150	120
0 Management occupations	6,525	3,870	2,660	25	15	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,460	2,865	6,595	25	0	25
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,095	3,950	1,145	15	10	0
3 Health occupations	5,060	1,250	3,810	0	10	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,250	3,010	5,240	40	0	35
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,210	880	1,330	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	14,695	6,865	7,830	55	10	40
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,275	5,870	405	40	45	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,035	800	235	50	40	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	735	560	180	10	10	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	60,270	30,375	29,895	270	150	120
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	930	460	470	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	59,340	29,920	29,425	265	145	120
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	575	335	235	20	20	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	120	110	10	30	30	0
22 Utilities	140	105	35	10	0	0
23 Construction	3,895	3,500	390	25	30	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,955	1,470	485	10	0	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,155	805	350	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,915	3,530	3,380	25	10	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,340	1,795	545	0	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	1,225	670	550	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,905	865	1,040	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,165	610	555	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,100	2,935	2,165	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	55	15	35	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,440	1,440	995	10	10	10
61 Educational services	5,595	2,065	3,530	10	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	8,305	1,990	6,310	40	10	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,690	855	840	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	5,515	2,605	2,910	40	15	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,465	945	1,515	15	15	10
91 Public administration	6,795	3,255	3,540	15	10	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	56,840	28,515	28,330	190	100	85
Worked at home	4,780	2,345	2,435	20	10	15
Worked outside Canada	265	195	75	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,720	4,780	1,935	25	25	0
Worked at usual place	45,075	21,195	23,880	140	65	75
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	45,075	21,195	23,880	135	65	70
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	16,055	7,290	8,770	75	30	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	27,940	13,290	14,645	35	15	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	835	485	350	15	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	245	130	115	15	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	51,790	25,980	25,815	165	95	75
Car, truck, van - as a driver	35,425	18,245	17,190	120	70	50
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,580	810	1,765	10	0	0
Public transit	6,165	2,580	3,585	0	10	0
Walked	3,250	1,510	1,735	20	10	15
Bicycle	3,250	2,165	1,085	0	0	0
Other method	1,120	665	460	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	51,790	25,975	25,820	165	95	70
Less than 15 minutes	14,595	6,995	7,605	120	55	65
15 to 29 minutes	26,730	13,580	13,155	15	10	10
30 to 44 minutes	7,780	4,035	3,745	20	20	0
45 to 59 minutes	1,610	760	845	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	1,075	610	465	10	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	51,790	25,980	25,815	165	95	70
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,770	1,195	580	20	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,660	3,990	2,670	30	25	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,700	7,365	7,340	35	25	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,050	6,405	7,640	30	0	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,185	3,135	4,045	35	10	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,430	3,885	3,540	20	15	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	65,955	33,115	32,840	295	160	135
Single responses	65,425	32,920	32,505	290	165	130
Official languages	64,725	32,595	32,135	295	165	130
English	64,585	32,565	32,020	295	160	130
French	145	30	115	0	0	0
Non-official languages	690	320	375	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	690	325	370	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	45	80	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	25	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	25	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	10	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	45	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	400	195	200	0	0	0
Chinese languages	400	200	200	0	0	0
Cantonese	190	100	90	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	185	90	95	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	535	200	335	0	0	0
English and French	100	30	70	0	0	0
English and non-official language	420	155	260	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	65,960	33,115	32,840	295	160	130
None	63,425	32,020	31,405	295	165	130
English	430	175	260	0	0	0
French	675	265	415	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,370	630	735	0	0	0
Aboriginal	20	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,350	620	730	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	30	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	110,970	53,865	57,100	510	240	270
Non-movers	94,910	45,815	49,090	500	235	265
Movers	16,060	8,050	8,015	15	0	10
Non-migrants	10,400	5,250	5,150	10	0	0
Migrants	5,665	2,800	2,865	0	0	0
Internal migrants	4,200	2,085	2,115	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,820	1,365	1,455	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	1,380	720	665	0	0	0
External migrants	1,460	715	750	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	107,025	51,920	55,110	500	230	265
Non-movers	65,135	31,190	33,945	440	200	235
Movers	41,890	20,725	21,165	60	30	30
Non-migrants	24,520	12,250	12,270	35	10	20
Migrants	17,375	8,475	8,890	25	20	10
Internal migrants	12,180	6,090	6,095	25	20	10
Intraprovincial migrants	8,150	4,095	4,055	20	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	4,030	1,990	2,040	0	0	0
External migrants	5,190	2,390	2,800	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saanich, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Cow Head, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saanich, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Cow Head, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saanich, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Cow Head, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saanich, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Cow Head, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador