Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pointe-du-Chêne, Local service district [Designated place], New Brunswick and Niagara Falls, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Pointe-du-Chêne, LSD New Brunswick [Designated place]			Niagara Falls, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Pointe-du-Chêne, Local service district [Designated place], New Brunswick Map : Pointe-du-Chêne, Local service district [Designated place], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Niagara Falls, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	716	...	...	88,071	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	761	...	...	82,997	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-5.9	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	958	...	...	37,265	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	392	...	...	35,773	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	315.3	...	...	419.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2.27	...	...	209.73	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	715	340	375	88,070	42,530	45,540
0 to 14 years	40	15	30	13,250	6,810	6,440
0 to 4 years	15	5	15	4,070	2,095	1,975
5 to 9 years	10	5	10	4,500	2,315	2,185
10 to 14 years	10	5	5	4,685	2,400	2,285
15 to 64 years	390	185	205	56,970	27,805	29,165
15 to 19 years	20	10	10	5,175	2,650	2,530
20 to 24 years	15	0	10	5,290	2,725	2,565
25 to 29 years	20	10	5	4,925	2,525	2,405
30 to 34 years	25	10	15	4,930	2,370	2,560
35 to 39 years	25	15	10	4,995	2,390	2,605
40 to 44 years	30	20	15	5,525	2,620	2,905
45 to 49 years	30	15	15	6,095	2,960	3,135
50 to 54 years	60	30	35	6,935	3,380	3,560
55 to 59 years	70	30	35	6,865	3,270	3,595
60 to 64 years	105	45	60	6,235	2,920	3,310
65 years and over	280	140	140	17,850	7,915	9,935
65 to 69 years	115	55	55	5,670	2,700	2,965
70 to 74 years	70	35	40	4,095	1,945	2,155
75 to 79 years	50	25	25	2,975	1,325	1,650
80 to 84 years	30	15	15	2,385	1,000	1,385
85 years and over	10	5	5	2,720	945	1,775
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	1,695	635	1,065
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	810	260	550
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	190	50	140
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5.6	4.4	8.0	15.0	16.0	14.1
15 to 64 years	54.5	54.4	54.7	64.7	65.4	64.0
65 years and over	39.2	41.2	37.3	20.3	18.6	21.8
85 years and over	1.4	1.5	1.3	3.1	2.2	3.9
Average age of the population	56.0	56.9	55.3	43.4	42.1	44.6
Median age of the population	61.2	61.8	60.9	45.0	43.5	46.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	390	...	...	35,775	...	...
Single-detached house	375	...	...	23,820	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,420	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10	...	...	10,485	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	2,010	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	2,420	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	1,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	4,690	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	65	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	390	...	...	35,775	...	...
1 person	140	...	...	10,110	...	...
2 persons	195	...	...	12,445	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	5,790	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	4,770	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	2,655	...	...
Number of persons in private households	715	...	...	85,975	...	...
Average household size	1.8	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	675	325	350	74,820	35,725	39,095
Married or living common law	435	220	215	40,555	20,255	20,300
Married	365	185	185	34,100	17,035	17,065
Living common law	65	30	30	6,455	3,220	3,235
Not married and not living common law	240	110	125	34,265	15,470	18,795
Never married	105	55	50	20,075	10,905	9,175
Separated	25	15	10	2,880	1,190	1,685
Divorced	65	30	35	5,630	2,185	3,445
Widowed	45	10	35	5,685	1,190	4,500
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	240	...	...	25,105	...	...
2 persons	195	...	...	13,150	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	5,640	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	4,545	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	1,780	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	245	...	...	25,105	...	...
Total couple families	210	...	...	19,760	...	...
Married couples	180	...	...	16,535	...	...
Common-law couples	35	...	...	3,230	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	30	...	...	5,345	...	...
Female parent	25	...	...	4,295	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	1,050	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	215	...	...	19,760	...	...
Couples without children	180	...	...	9,830	...	...
Couples with children	35	...	...	9,925	...	...
1 child	25	...	...	4,160	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	4,130	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	1,635	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	5,345	...	...
1 child	15	...	...	3,315	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	1,475	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	175	80	95	15,165	6,890	8,275
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	395	...	...	35,775	...	...
One-census-family households	240	...	...	23,670	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	175	...	...	9,270	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	60	...	...	14,400	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	705	...	...
Non-census-family households	155	...	...	11,395	...	...
One-person households	145	...	...	10,110	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	10	...	...	1,290	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	715	340	375	86,820	42,115	44,700
English only	390	195	200	79,730	39,085	40,640
French only	10	5	5	65	30	30
English and French	315	145	170	6,085	2,650	3,440
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	940	350	585
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	720	340	375	86,815	42,120	44,700
English	505	250	255	83,935	40,875	43,065
French	210	90	120	1,670	760	915
English and French	0	0	0	290	140	155
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	920	345	570
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	210	95	120	1,815	830	990
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	29.2	27.9	32.0	2.1	2.0	2.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	715	345	375	86,815	42,120	44,700
Single responses	705	335	370	85,140	41,320	43,820
Official languages	705	335	365	69,440	33,915	35,520
English	490	245	245	67,700	33,140	34,560
French	215	90	120	1,740	780	960
Non-official languages	5	0	0	15,700	7,400	8,300
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	15,690	7,395	8,295
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	645	340	305
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	115	55	65
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	115	55	60
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	530	290	240
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	465	250	215
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	395	185	215
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	385	175	205
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	955	355	600
Bikol	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	45	10	30
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	5	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	845	325	520
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	10	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	185	105	85
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	135	75	60
Tamil	0	0	0	35	20	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10,785	5,140	5,645
Albanian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Armenian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,000	1,390	1,605
Baltic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,970	1,375	1,595
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	200	95	115
Croatian	0	0	0	165	75	90
Czech	0	0	0	55	25	35
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Polish	0	0	0	675	295	380
Russian	0	0	0	305	125	180
Serbian	0	0	0	1,050	530	520
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	75	30	40
Slovak	0	0	0	70	30	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Ukrainian	0	0	0	245	115	135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	985	445	540
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dutch	0	0	0	230	120	110
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5
German	0	0	0	665	295	370
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	180	95	85
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,615	845	770
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,410	740	670
Bengali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	315	170	150
Hindi	0	0	0	225	130	95
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	5
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	25	10	5
Nepali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	335	160	175
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Urdu	0	0	0	410	205	200
Iranian languages	0	0	0	185	95	90
Kurdish	0	0	0	50	20	30
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	125	65	60
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	4,940	2,345	2,600
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	3,720	1,775	1,945
Portuguese	0	0	0	130	65	70
Romanian	0	0	0	135	60	75
Spanish	0	0	0	950	445	510
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	175	60	115
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Georgian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Korean	0	0	0	360	175	185
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	115	55	55
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,325	620	705
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,310	615	700
Cantonese	0	0	0	595	275	325
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	585	270	315
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	40	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Lao	0	0	0	20	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	200	110	85
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	5	5
Turkish	0	0	0	175	95	80
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	405	175	230
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	385	165	220
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	10	5	5	1,675	800	880
English and French	10	5	5	345	155	190
English and non-official language	5	0	0	1,260	610	650
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	20	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	715	340	375	86,815	42,120	44,695
Single responses	705	340	375	83,415	40,515	42,890
Official languages	710	335	370	76,505	37,290	39,210
English	580	290	290	76,065	37,085	38,980
French	135	45	85	440	205	235
Non-official languages	0	0	0	6,905	3,230	3,680
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	6,905	3,230	3,680
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	375	175	200
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	100	45	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	275	135	140
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	255	125	135
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	240	110	130
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	240	110	125
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	415	175	245
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	390	160	225
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	75	40	35
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	4,115	1,905	2,210
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,400	660	740
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,395	660	735
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	125	55	70
Croatian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	275	120	155
Russian	0	0	0	165	80	85
Serbian	0	0	0	600	300	305
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	75	30	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50	25	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	880	440	440
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	795	405	390
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	195	105	95
Hindi	0	0	0	135	75	60
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	200	90	110
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	210	100	110
Iranian languages	0	0	0	75	30	45
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	55	25	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,675	730	940
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,080	450	635
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Romanian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Spanish	0	0	0	500	235	260
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	100	50	50
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	280	140	140
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	955	465	495
Chinese languages	0	0	0	945	455	490
Cantonese	0	0	0	410	195	220
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	470	230	235
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	105	60	45
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkish	0	0	0	95	50	45
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	105	45	60
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	105	45	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	5	5	5	3,405	1,600	1,805
English and French	10	5	0	180	75	105
English and non-official language	0	0	0	3,150	1,495	1,655
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	20	40
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	715	340	375	86,815	42,115	44,700
None	605	295	305	77,405	37,735	39,675
English	45	15	30	3,240	1,550	1,690
French	65	25	40	1,180	480	695
Non-official language	0	0	0	4,870	2,295	2,575
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	4,855	2,290	2,565
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	65	25	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	670	330	345	72,770	34,880	37,890
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	665	320	340	70,575	33,860	36,725
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,061	39,765	24,640	29,275	35,052	25,365
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	665	325	345	70,600	33,860	36,740
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,712	34,688	23,312	27,087	31,875	23,892
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	580	295	285	62,145	30,495	31,655
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,216	32,192	20,896	26,235	32,195	21,433
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	535	250	290	54,490	24,355	30,130
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	12,037	13,136	10,944	6,818	5,843	7,233
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	375	200	170	50,695	25,920	24,775
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	18,848	19,264	17,600	26,587	30,791	23,643
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	660	320	345	72,770	34,905	37,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	660	320	340	70,570	33,920	36,650
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,020	51,736	28,939	38,360	44,779	32,420
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	660	320	340	70,590	33,925	36,665
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,412	42,881	24,456	33,091	37,868	28,670
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	555	290	260	62,085	30,385	31,700
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,417	47,016	26,827	36,170	43,414	29,226
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	525	240	285	54,790	24,585	30,205
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,788	12,143	9,636	8,423	8,127	8,665
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	395	220	170	50,700	25,810	24,885
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,494	41,053	28,190	35,542	40,851	30,037
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	665	320	340	72,765	34,910	37,860
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	125	70	60	22,365	12,400	9,960
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,710	53,947	32,320	45,526	51,750	39,891
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,658	70,757	43,952	53,073	58,988	45,707
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.9	83.3	71.4	83.1	87.1	77.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	43.9	43.7	44.0	66.8	69.9	63.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.1	16.2	27.6	16.9	12.9	22.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	670	325	345	72,765	34,880	37,890
Without total income	5	5	5	2,190	1,025	1,165
With total income	665	325	345	70,575	33,855	36,720
Percentage with total income	99.3	100.0	100.0	97.0	97.1	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	55	25	35	9,865	4,370	5,500
$10,000 to $19,999	140	40	105	14,140	5,515	8,625
$20,000 to $29,999	120	50	70	12,040	4,850	7,190
$30,000 to $39,999	95	50	45	9,390	4,330	5,055
$40,000 to $49,999	55	35	20	7,500	3,770	3,730
$50,000 to $59,999	50	25	20	5,350	2,985	2,360
$60,000 to $69,999	45	25	20	3,445	2,150	1,290
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	10	2,320	1,455	865
$80,000 to $89,999	20	10	5	1,755	1,150	610
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	5	1,540	915	625
$100,000 and over	40	30	5	3,230	2,360	870
$100,000 to $149,999	30	20	10	2,455	1,760	695
$150,000 and over	10	5	0	780	605	175
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	675	325	350	72,770	34,880	37,890
Without after-tax income	10	0	5	2,170	1,020	1,150
With after-tax income	665	320	345	70,595	33,855	36,740
Percentage with after-tax income	98.5	98.5	98.6	97.0	97.1	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	25	45	10,160	4,425	5,735
$10,000 to $19,999	145	45	105	14,835	5,810	9,025
$20,000 to $29,999	145	60	85	13,795	5,680	8,115
$30,000 to $39,999	95	60	35	10,775	5,265	5,520
$40,000 to $49,999	75	40	30	7,965	4,250	3,715
$50,000 to $59,999	60	30	25	4,635	2,815	1,820
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	10	2,945	1,875	1,070
$70,000 to $79,999	15	15	5	2,130	1,365	765
$80,000 and over	40	30	10	3,350	2,380	970
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	0	1,370	880	485
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	695	530	170
$100,000 and over	20	20	5	1,280	970	315
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	675	325	345	72,765	34,880	37,890
Without employment income	300	125	175	22,070	8,960	13,115
With employment income	375	200	170	50,700	25,925	24,775
Percentage with employment income	55.6	61.5	49.3	69.7	74.3	65.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	75	40	35	7,845	4,230	3,620
$5,000 to $9,999	35	25	15	4,880	2,190	2,690
$10,000 to $19,999	80	40	45	8,015	3,395	4,615
$20,000 to $29,999	40	15	25	6,820	2,940	3,880
$30,000 to $39,999	25	15	15	5,585	2,545	3,035
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	15	4,850	2,385	2,465
$50,000 to $59,999	15	10	5	3,550	2,070	1,480
$60,000 to $69,999	15	15	5	2,335	1,505	835
$70,000 to $79,999	20	5	10	1,670	1,070	600
$80,000 and over	35	25	15	5,155	3,590	1,565
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	5	1,330	890	435
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	1,390	800	580
$100,000 and over	15	15	5	2,440	1,895	545
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	395	...	...	35,770	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,416	...	...	60,727	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	51,712	...	...	55,067	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	145	...	...	10,105	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,712	...	...	30,995	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,936	...	...	28,512	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	250	...	...	25,665	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,704	...	...	75,103	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,232	...	...	67,352	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	380	...	...	35,775	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,092	...	...	75,678	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,684	...	...	65,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	10,070	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,867	...	...	39,096	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,238	...	...	33,907	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	255	...	...	25,700	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,744	...	...	90,014	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,942	...	...	77,597	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	390	...	...	35,770	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	375	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	500	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	1,060	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	1,580	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	1,865	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	1,680	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	1,780	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	1,850	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	1,815	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	1,875	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	3,265	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	2,920	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	2,500	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	2,260	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	1,820	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	8,625	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	3,420	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	2,080	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	2,005	...	...
$200,000 and over	15	...	...	1,115	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	395	...	...	35,775	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	395	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	510	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	1,080	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	1,670	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	2,035	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	1,920	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	2,010	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	2,115	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	2,220	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	2,055	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	3,690	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	3,270	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	2,765	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	2,195	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	1,810	...	...
$100,000 and over	45	...	...	6,025	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	2,890	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	1,550	...	...
$150,000 and over	15	...	...	1,590	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	245	...	...	24,780	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,192	...	...	75,074	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,104	...	...	67,298	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	175	...	...	9,005	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,296	...	...	68,426	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,677	...	...	61,239	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	10,050	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,200	...	...	98,679	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	70,144	...	...	86,685	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	4,970	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,696	...	...	49,280	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,632	...	...	46,543	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	240	...	...	24,790	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,883	...	...	90,099	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,028	...	...	77,561	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	185	...	...	8,960	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,543	...	...	82,929	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,815	...	...	70,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	10,075	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,640	...	...	111,777	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	76,473	...	...	95,625	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	4,980	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	58,176	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	52,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	155	75	80	13,080	6,050	7,035
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,176	37,504	33,579	28,052	31,163	26,173
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,424	33,536	28,736	26,137	28,518	24,850
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	150	70	80	13,160	6,120	7,040
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	46,403	57,616	36,133	36,003	39,811	32,695
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,203	47,571	29,622	31,400	34,005	29,137
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	715	340	375	85,975	41,660	44,315
In the bottom half of the distribution	390	180	210	49,520	23,195	26,330
In the bottom decile	75	30	45	8,740	4,065	4,675
In the second decile	80	30	45	10,685	4,670	6,015
In the third decile	90	40	45	10,510	4,915	5,595
In the fourth decile	90	45	45	9,920	4,785	5,135
In the fifth decile	60	30	30	9,665	4,765	4,900
In the top half of the distribution	330	160	165	36,455	18,470	17,985
In the sixth decile	95	50	45	9,000	4,510	4,490
In the seventh decile	65	30	35	8,525	4,285	4,235
In the eighth decile	70	35	40	7,550	3,840	3,710
In the ninth decile	50	20	25	6,800	3,460	3,340
In the top decile	50	25	25	4,580	2,375	2,210
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	715	345	375	85,975	41,665	44,310
0 to 17 years	50	20	30	16,240	8,350	7,890
0 to 5 years	20	5	15	4,895	2,520	2,375
18 to 64 years	385	180	200	53,275	25,850	27,430
65 years and over	285	140	140	16,465	7,470	8,995
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	115	45	70	13,855	6,190	7,665
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	3,560	1,830	1,730
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	1,170	595	570
18 to 64 years	55	20	35	8,125	3,615	4,515
65 years and over	40	15	25	2,165	745	1,420
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.1	13.0	18.7	16.1	14.9	17.3
0 to 17 years (%)	40.0	50.0	33.3	21.9	21.9	21.9
0 to 5 years (%)	25.0	0.0	33.3	23.9	23.6	24.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.3	11.1	17.5	15.3	14.0	16.5
65 years and over (%)	14.0	10.7	17.9	13.1	10.0	15.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	50	25	25	6,670	3,195	3,480
0 to 17 years	15	10	5	1,475	785	690
0 to 5 years	0	0	5	490	250	240
18 to 64 years	35	15	20	4,755	2,230	2,530
65 years and over	5	0	0	445	180	260
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.0	7.2	6.7	7.8	7.7	7.9
0 to 17 years (%)	30.0	50.0	16.7	9.1	9.4	8.7
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	33.3	10.0	9.9	10.1
18 to 64 years (%)	9.1	8.3	10.0	8.9	8.6	9.2
65 years and over (%)	1.8	0.0	0.0	2.7	2.4	2.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	685	330	355	85,975	41,665	44,315
Official languages	685	330	355	84,995	41,305	43,690
English	675	330	345	84,950	41,280	43,670
French	325	180	145	6,150	2,760	3,390
Non-official languages	15	10	10	19,330	9,115	10,220
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	10	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	10	19,320	9,100	10,215
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	855	450	405
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	140	80	65
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	140	80	65
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	745	390	350
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	655	350	305
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	50	25	25
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	515	225	285
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	30	0	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	485	220	265
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,280	505	775
Bikol	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	85	30	50
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	45	10	35
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,230	480	755
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	240	140	95
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	195	120	70
Tamil	0	0	0	55	35	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	10	10	13,675	6,445	7,230
Albanian	0	0	0	50	25	30
Armenian	0	0	0	50	15	30
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,335	1,570	1,765
Baltic languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Latvian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,290	1,550	1,740
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	165	80	85
Bulgarian	0	0	0	170	95	75
Croatian	0	0	0	380	180	200
Czech	0	0	0	120	50	65
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Polish	0	0	0	805	375	430
Russian	0	0	0	390	155	230
Serbian	0	0	0	1,290	645	650
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Slovak	0	0	0	55	25	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	310	125	185
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Celtic languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	25	10	15
Welsh	0	0	0	15	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Germanic languages	10	10	0	1,135	510	625
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	20	30
Danish	0	0	0	40	10	35
Dutch	0	0	0	270	120	150
Frisian	0	0	0	15	0	10
German	0	10	0	735	340	400
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	30	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	310	155	160
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,030	1,010	1,020
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,765	880	885
Bengali	0	0	0	50	30	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	415	225	190
Hindi	0	0	0	795	435	360
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	35	15	20
Nepali	0	0	0	70	45	25
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	440	200	240
Sindhi	0	0	0	45	10	35
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Urdu	0	0	0	490	220	275
Iranian languages	0	0	0	260	125	130
Kurdish	0	0	0	110	55	55
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	155	75	75
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	6,860	3,205	3,650
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	4,920	2,290	2,635
Portuguese	0	0	0	260	135	125
Romanian	0	0	0	220	120	105
Spanish	0	0	0	1,705	770	935
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	215	105	110
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	310	145	165
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	200	105	90
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	30	15	15
Swahili	0	0	0	95	55	45
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	20	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	155	75	80
American Sign Language	0	0	0	65	25	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	50	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,555	745	810
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,540	745	800
Cantonese	0	0	0	700	305	395
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	905	425	480
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	90	45	45
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	100	65	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	205	110	100
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	155	75	80
Uyghur	0	0	0	50	30	15
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	400	180	215
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	30	10	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	365	170	195
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	685	330	355	85,975	41,660	44,315
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	685	330	355	81,610	39,780	41,830
Canadian citizens aged under 18	30	10	15	15,900	8,175	7,725
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	660	320	335	65,705	31,600	34,105
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	4,370	1,885	2,485
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	685	330	355	85,975	41,665	44,310
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	680	330	355	67,310	33,020	34,290
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	17,845	8,235	9,610
Before 1981	0	0	0	7,855	3,690	4,170
1981 to 1990	10	0	0	1,845	855	990
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	3,030	1,350	1,680
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	3,495	1,570	1,920
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,725	785	935
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	1,770	785	985
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	1,610	760	850
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	820	410	410
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	17,840	8,235	9,610
Under 5 years	0	0	0	1,960	995	965
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	3,485	1,745	1,740
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	4,380	1,995	2,390
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	6,790	2,955	3,835
45 years and over	0	0	0	1,220	545	680
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	10	0	17,840	8,230	9,610
Americas	0	0	0	2,865	1,175	1,690
Brazil	0	0	0	45	0	40
Colombia	0	0	0	315	140	170
El Salvador	0	0	0	75	25	50
Guyana	0	0	0	80	45	35
Haiti	0	0	0	25	0	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	155	80	80
Mexico	0	0	0	110	55	55
Peru	0	0	0	35	10	25
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	195	75	115
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	1,315	485	830
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	520	250	270
Europe	10	0	0	9,080	4,340	4,745
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	255	125	135
Croatia	0	0	0	565	295	280
France	0	0	0	65	30	35
Germany	0	0	0	435	190	245
Greece	0	0	0	100	60	35
Hungary	0	0	0	230	105	130
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	40	25	10
Italy	0	0	0	2,765	1,320	1,445
Netherlands	0	0	0	200	100	100
Poland	0	0	0	515	230	285
Portugal	0	0	0	95	65	30
Romania	0	0	0	215	125	85
Russian Federation	0	0	0	125	55	65
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	360	155	205
Ukraine	0	0	0	150	50	95
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	2,230	1,045	1,185
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	735	365	370
Africa	0	0	0	640	350	290
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	90	50	35
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	60	20	40
Morocco	0	0	0	20	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	15	0
Somalia	0	0	0	90	55	35
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	90	35	50
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	270	155	115
Asia	0	0	0	5,175	2,320	2,855
Afghanistan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	45	30	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	940	400	545
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	65	45	25
India	0	0	0	800	395	405
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	155	75	80
Iraq	0	0	0	135	70	65
Japan	0	0	0	140	55	85
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	205	105	105
Lebanon	0	0	0	105	55	45
Pakistan	0	0	0	325	140	180
Philippines	0	0	0	1,245	510	740
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	75	30	45
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	25	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	375	155	220
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	515	245	280
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	75	45	35
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	1,610	760	850
Americas	0	0	0	250	115	140
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	35	15	15
Cuba	0	0	0	45	20	20
Haiti	0	0	0	15	0	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	85	45	45
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	15	20
Europe	0	0	0	275	135	135
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	50	30	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	70	35	30
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	135	65	70
Africa	0	0	0	90	50	35
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	25	15	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	35	20	15
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	25	10	15
Asia	0	0	0	985	455	535
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	170	80	95
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	175	90	80
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Iraq	0	0	0	30	10	20
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	45	25	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	40	30	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	90	40	55
Philippines	0	0	0	315	130	185
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	685	330	355	85,975	41,660	44,315
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10	10	0	19,110	8,855	10,255
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	30	15	15	20,365	10,065	10,305
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	645	310	335	46,495	22,745	23,755
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	10,165	4,625	5,540
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	4,165	1,985	2,175
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,720	1,020	700
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	2,450	965	1,480
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	10	0	3,515	1,365	2,150
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	2,320	1,195	1,125
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	165	80	85
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	685	330	355	85,975	41,660	44,315
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	0	0	0	2,240	1,090	1,150
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	10	0	2,070	1,030	1,045
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	1,355	660	700
Métis	0	10	0	715	375	345
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	10	85	25	65
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	80	40	45
Non-Aboriginal identity	675	325	350	83,735	40,575	43,165
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	685	330	355	85,975	41,660	44,315
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	765	370	390
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	685	330	355	85,215	41,290	43,920
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	685	330	355	85,975	41,660	44,315
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	395	215	175
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	390	210	180
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	270	160	115
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	120	50	65
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	30	10	20	3,155	1,465	1,685
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	25	15	15	3,045	1,445	1,605
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	2,375	1,100	1,275
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	665	340	325
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	10	105	25	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	105	25	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	655	320	335	82,425	39,980	42,445
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	685	330	355	85,975	41,665	44,310
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	11,160	5,415	5,745
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	2,430	1,300	1,125
Chinese	0	0	0	1,660	800	865
Black	0	0	0	1,735	815	915
Filipino	0	0	0	1,775	765	1,015
Latin American	0	0	0	950	440	515
Arab	0	0	0	545	300	245
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	690	300	380
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	320	145	175
Korean	0	0	0	325	160	160
Japanese	0	0	0	245	115	130
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	105	60	45
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	390	220	170
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	685	330	355	74,815	36,250	38,565
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	685	330	355	85,975	41,665	44,310
North American Aboriginal origins	30	10	15	3,550	1,680	1,870
First Nations (North American Indian)	15	0	10	2,750	1,290	1,465
Inuit	0	0	0	15	0	10
Métis	15	10	10	890	420	470
Other North American origins	420	210	210	24,155	11,635	12,520
Acadian	50	30	20	65	40	25
American	0	0	0	1,495	695	795
Canadian	375	180	195	23,080	11,145	11,935
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	70	35	35
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	455	210	240	64,850	31,210	33,635
British Isles origins	325	130	195	38,280	18,295	19,985
Channel Islander	0	0	0	35	20	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	165	60	105	22,175	10,590	11,585
Irish	130	45	90	14,685	6,920	7,765
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish	120	60	60	15,880	7,405	8,475
Welsh	10	0	10	1,800	935	865
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	25	10	15	2,020	905	1,115
French origins	200	120	80	10,560	5,010	5,555
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	0
French	200	120	80	10,555	5,010	5,550
Western European origins (except French origins)	35	15	20	13,380	6,475	6,905
Austrian	0	0	0	525	235	290
Bavarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Belgian	0	0	0	285	145	140
Dutch	0	0	0	3,320	1,585	1,735
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	0
German	30	15	20	9,965	4,810	5,155
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	195	105	90
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	15	10	10	1,325	650	675
Danish	0	0	0	340	180	165
Finnish	0	0	0	305	165	140
Icelandic	0	0	0	40	15	20
Norwegian	10	0	10	340	150	190
Swedish	0	0	0	305	140	165
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	10	70	35	35
Eastern European origins	0	0	10	11,160	5,215	5,940
Bulgarian	0	0	0	225	120	105
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Czech	0	0	0	285	120	160
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	115	45	65
Estonian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Hungarian	0	0	0	2,170	1,060	1,110
Latvian	0	0	0	160	80	80
Lithuanian	0	0	0	195	75	120
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	3,730	1,690	2,040
Romanian	0	0	0	660	370	290
Russian	0	0	0	1,065	490	580
Slovak	0	0	0	430	195	235
Ukrainian	0	0	0	3,715	1,710	2,010
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	10	20	10	10
Southern European origins	0	0	0	20,920	10,305	10,615
Albanian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Bosnian	0	0	0	250	120	130
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	640	320	320
Cypriot	0	0	0	40	15	25
Greek	0	0	0	700	355	350
Italian	0	0	0	16,475	8,095	8,375
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	135	85	50
Maltese	0	0	0	170	75	95
Montenegrin	0	0	0	40	20	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	455	280	175
Serbian	0	0	0	1,560	775	785
Sicilian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	120	65	55
Spanish	0	0	0	970	405	565
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	270	130	140
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	175	105	75
Basque	0	0	0	15	10	10
Jewish	0	0	0	110	65	50
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	1,240	565	680
Antiguan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bahamian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	75	35	35
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	150	60	95
Dominican	0	0	0	25	15	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	65	20	50
Jamaican	0	0	0	600	290	310
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	15	15	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	195	95	105
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	85	40	40
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,320	650	670
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	85	35	55
Arawak	0	0	0	15	10	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Chilean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Colombian	0	0	0	385	170	215
Costa Rican	0	0	0	45	35	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	65	30	40
Guyanese	0	0	0	115	60	60
Hispanic	0	0	0	25	20	10
Honduran	0	0	0	35	20	10
Maya	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mexican	0	0	0	195	100	95
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	105	50	65
Uruguayan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	40	15	25
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	35	20	20
African origins	0	0	0	1,260	650	610
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	70	40	30
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	275	170	110
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	130	80	50
Libyan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	30	15	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	100	60	45
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	380	180	195
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	155	80	75
South African	0	0	0	120	50	75
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	45	20	20
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	545	270	275
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	85	40	50
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	455	225	230
Asian origins	10	10	0	8,840	4,305	4,540
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	10	10	1,375	670	705
Afghan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	10	0	85	55	30
Armenian	0	0	0	160	85	75
Assyrian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	25	15	10
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	180	80	100
Iraqi	0	0	0	90	45	50
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	105	50	55
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	315	135	180
Palestinian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	200	105	95
Turkmen	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	55	30	25
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	25	10	10
South Asian origins	0	0	0	2,430	1,300	1,130
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	25	20	10
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	1,865	1,015	855
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	0	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nepali	0	0	0	70	45	25
Pakistani	0	0	0	390	185	210
Punjabi	0	0	0	30	10	25
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	15	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	65	30	30
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	70	35	35
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	5,095	2,365	2,730
Burmese	0	0	0	25	25	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	70	10	60
Chinese	0	0	0	2,055	985	1,065
Filipino	0	0	0	1,880	825	1,055
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0	305	150	155
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	330	165	165
Laotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	0	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	650	315	335
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	30	15	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	90	25	70
Australian	0	0	0	80	20	60
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	380	...	...	35,775	...	...
Owner	330	...	...	25,655	...	...
Renter	45	...	...	10,120	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	380	...	...	35,775	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	2,435	...	...
Not condominium	385	...	...	33,340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	380	...	...	35,770	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	50	...	...
1 bedroom	70	...	...	3,310	...	...
2 bedrooms	155	...	...	7,710	...	...
3 bedrooms	120	...	...	16,650	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	40	...	...	8,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	385	...	...	35,775	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	110	...	...	6,665	...	...
5 rooms	105	...	...	5,270	...	...
6 rooms	45	...	...	6,530	...	...
7 rooms	55	...	...	5,840	...	...
8 or more rooms	65	...	...	11,470	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	380	...	...	35,775	...	...
One person or fewer per room	380	...	...	35,510	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	380	...	...	35,775	...	...
Suitable	370	...	...	34,495	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	1,275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	380	...	...	35,775	...	...
1960 or before	130	...	...	12,170	...	...
1961 to 1980	75	...	...	11,310	...	...
1981 to 1990	45	...	...	3,975	...	...
1991 to 2000	50	...	...	3,370	...	...
2001 to 2005	30	...	...	1,500	...	...
2006 to 2010	35	...	...	1,480	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	20	...	...	1,965	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	380	...	...	35,775	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	355	...	...	33,305	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	2,465	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	385	...	...	35,775	...	...
1 household maintainer	280	...	...	21,575	...	...
2 household maintainers	100	...	...	13,235	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	965	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	380	...	...	35,770	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	695	...	...
25 to 34 years	25	...	...	3,890	...	...
35 to 44 years	30	...	...	5,555	...	...
45 to 54 years	55	...	...	7,355	...	...
55 to 64 years	95	...	...	7,495	...	...
65 to 74 years	140	...	...	5,860	...	...
75 to 84 years	30	...	...	3,405	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,530	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	380	...	...	35,660	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	335	...	...	26,360	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	45	...	...	9,300	...	...
30% to less than 100%	50	...	...	8,460	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	330	...	...	25,595	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	43.3	...	...	58.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.1	...	...	17.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	566	...	...	1,044	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	770	...	...	1,138	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	199,976	...	...	250,711	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	218,650	...	...	291,311	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50	...	...	10,120	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	18.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.0	...	...	47.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	663	...	...	891	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	706	...	...	908	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	660	320	345	72,770	34,910	37,860
No certificate, diploma or degree	120	60	65	14,180	6,675	7,505
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	115	45	75	23,925	11,475	12,450
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	430	220	205	34,660	16,755	17,905
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	75	55	15	5,870	4,165	1,705
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	35	25	10	2,815	1,705	1,110
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	40	30	10	3,055	2,465	595
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	185	75	115	16,755	7,125	9,625
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	15	1,340	640	700
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	145	85	60	10,695	4,830	5,875
Bachelor's degree	110	60	50	7,500	3,215	4,285
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	655	285	375
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	240	145	95
Master's degree	30	10	15	2,120	1,060	1,055
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	185	120	65
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	360	165	200	45,995	22,165	23,835
No certificate, diploma or degree	45	30	20	5,240	2,705	2,535
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	60	20	40	14,565	7,260	7,305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	250	110	140	26,190	12,195	14,000
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	25	10	3,810	2,585	1,230
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	15	10	10	1,915	1,115	800
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	15	0	1,890	1,470	425
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	130	45	90	13,000	5,460	7,540
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	10	955	460	495
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	80	50	35	8,430	3,700	4,735
Bachelor's degree	55	35	20	5,925	2,530	3,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	520	225	290
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	10	0	210	115	95
Master's degree	20	10	15	1,655	755	895
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	120	65	55
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	665	320	345	72,770	34,910	37,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	235	95	140	38,105	18,150	19,955
Education	55	25	35	2,175	590	1,585
13. Education	55	20	35	2,175	590	1,590
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	10	1,205	485	720
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	240	165	75
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	10	970	320	650
Humanities	40	20	25	1,550	650	900
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	145	35	110
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	355	105	250
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	530	230	295
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	55	50	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	110	70	40
54. History	10	10	0	230	120	105
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	0	115	40	75
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	10	10	3,590	1,100	2,490
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	295	135	155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	945	65	880
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	485	160	320
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	55	10	40
42. Psychology	0	0	0	550	135	415
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	1,235	590	645
Business, management and public administration	105	40	65	6,755	2,500	4,250
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	585	110	480
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	90	40	50	6,155	2,390	3,760
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	930	465	460
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	380	140	240
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	210	100	115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	265	200	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	60	25	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	1,135	685	455
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	830	530	300
25. Library science	0	0	0	105	10	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	185	120	65
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	20	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	90	90	0	7,435	6,920	520
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	175	105	70
14. Engineering	15	20	0	925	805	120
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	1,800	1,620	180
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	1,495	1,465	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0	1,875	1,805	70
48. Precision production	20	25	0	1,160	1,115	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	645	390	260
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	0	495	285	210
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	160	105	55
Health and related fields	70	20	45	5,840	1,105	4,735
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	15	10	580	310	265
51. Health professions and related programs	50	0	40	5,190	750	4,435
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	75	35	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	15	20	3,390	1,870	1,525
12. Personal and culinary services	20	10	20	1,860	705	1,155
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	20	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	15	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	1,040	705	335
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	0	0	450	415	35
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	360	165	195	46,000	22,160	23,840
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	110	50	55	19,805	9,965	9,840
Education	25	0	15	1,460	380	1,085
13. Education	25	10	20	1,465	380	1,085
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	10	920	380	540
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	195	130	65
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	720	250	475
Humanities	10	10	10	1,180	475	695
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	120	25	95
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	275	80	190
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	420	190	235
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	30	20	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	75	55	20
54. History	0	0	0	160	85	75
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	95	30	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	10	0	2,955	865	2,090
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	245	115	130
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	800	55	745
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	460	145	320
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	45	10	30
42. Psychology	0	0	0	420	90	325
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	985	460	525
Business, management and public administration	75	20	55	5,460	1,995	3,460
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	450	85	370
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	15	45	4,995	1,910	3,085
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	680	315	365
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	290	100	185
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	160	75	90
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	175	120	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	40	15	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	860	515	350
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	645	425	220
25. Library science	0	0	0	80	10	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	125	80	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	30	30	0	5,025	4,610	415
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	110	65	45
14. Engineering	0	0	0	685	590	100
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,335	1,180	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	935	905	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	1,220	1,165	55
48. Precision production	10	0	0	740	705	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	525	310	215
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	400	220	180
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	130	85	40
Health and related fields	45	20	30	4,525	910	3,605
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	15	10	495	275	220
51. Health professions and related programs	30	0	30	3,965	610	3,355
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	65	25	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	15	15	2,600	1,430	1,170
12. Personal and culinary services	20	10	15	1,405	545	860
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	20	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	800	515	285
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	370	340	30
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	665	320	345	72,770	34,910	37,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	235	100	135	38,105	18,150	19,955
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	430	220	205	34,660	16,760	17,905
Location of study inside Canada	415	215	205	28,525	13,820	14,705
Same as province or territory of residence	275	130	140	27,220	13,215	14,010
Different than province or territory of residence	145	80	60	1,300	610	695
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	10	0	6,140	2,940	3,205
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,630	740	890
Philippines	0	0	0	690	235	450
India	0	0	0	495	250	250
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	655	415	245
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	235	95	140
France	0	0	0	40	25	15
Other	0	0	0	2,395	1,180	1,220
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	365	165	195	46,000	22,160	23,835
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	110	55	60	19,805	9,965	9,840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	250	110	140	26,195	12,195	13,995
Location of study inside Canada	245	110	140	21,735	10,255	11,480
Same as province or territory of residence	155	60	95	20,860	9,835	11,030
Different than province or territory of residence	95	50	45	870	420	450
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	4,460	1,940	2,520
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,205	500	700
Philippines	0	0	0	545	180	365
India	0	0	0	415	200	210
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	10	0	250	145	105
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	220	80	140
France	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other	0	0	0	1,810	825	985
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	660	320	345	72,765	34,905	37,860
In the labour force	305	160	145	45,085	22,895	22,190
Employed	275	140	130	41,625	20,970	20,650
Unemployed	30	20	10	3,460	1,920	1,540
Not in the labour force	355	160	200	27,685	12,010	15,675
Participation rate	46.2	50.0	42.0	62.0	65.6	58.6
Employment rate	41.7	43.8	37.7	57.2	60.1	54.5
Unemployment rate	9.8	12.5	6.9	7.7	8.4	6.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	665	320	345	72,770	34,905	37,865
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	305	135	175	26,045	11,390	14,650
Worked	355	185	170	46,725	23,520	23,210
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	130	70	55	22,885	12,745	10,140
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	230	120	115	23,840	10,775	13,070
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.8	37.6	37.9	42.5	42.7	42.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	305	160	145	45,085	22,895	22,185
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	970	520	450
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	300	160	145	44,110	22,375	21,735
Employee	250	135	115	40,095	19,770	20,325
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	55	25	30	4,020	2,605	1,415
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	305	160	145	45,085	22,895	22,185
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	970	520	450
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	305	155	145	44,115	22,375	21,740
0 Management occupations	35	15	20	4,100	2,365	1,735
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	45	10	30	5,105	1,480	3,620
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	10	0	1,855	1,545	315
3 Health occupations	30	10	20	2,805	485	2,320
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	50	20	25	3,845	1,190	2,655
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	0	1,025	420	600
6 Sales and service occupations	55	35	25	17,125	7,485	9,645
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	40	35	10	5,955	5,570	385
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15	10	0	685	535	155
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	10	10	1,620	1,310	315
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	305	160	145	45,085	22,895	22,190
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	970	520	450
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	305	160	140	44,115	22,375	21,740
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	10	0	430	270	160
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	75	70	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	310	255	55
23 Construction	35	30	0	2,640	2,400	240
31-33 Manufacturing	20	15	10	3,285	2,525	760
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	1,200	845	350
44-45 Retail trade	35	15	15	5,230	2,275	2,960
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	10	10	1,800	1,260	540
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	445	240	210
52 Finance and insurance	10	10	0	925	380	550
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	10	555	315	250
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	20	10	10	1,755	950	810
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	20	15	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	10	0	2,155	1,200	955
61 Educational services	25	0	20	2,635	790	1,845
62 Health care and social assistance	35	10	25	4,275	650	3,625
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	3,650	1,930	1,720
72 Accommodation and food services	20	0	10	8,820	3,915	4,905
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	0	10	1,725	830	895
91 Public administration	15	10	0	2,160	1,275	890
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	275	145	130	41,620	20,970	20,655
Worked at home	35	15	20	1,900	935	970
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	330	195	135
No fixed workplace address	40	15	25	4,315	3,155	1,165
Worked at usual place	205	110	90	35,075	16,690	18,385
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	200	115	90	35,080	16,685	18,385
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	25	25	0	22,070	9,940	12,125
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	155	70	80	10,735	5,240	5,490
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	0	0	2,215	1,475	740
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	50	25	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	240	130	110	39,395	19,845	19,550
Car, truck, van - as a driver	225	125	105	32,185	16,500	15,675
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10	0	10	3,265	1,435	1,835
Public transit	0	0	0	1,070	400	670
Walked	0	0	0	2,045	940	1,105
Bicycle	0	0	0	385	305	80
Other method	0	0	0	440	260	180
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	240	130	110	39,395	19,840	19,550
Less than 15 minutes	80	50	35	16,860	7,745	9,110
15 to 29 minutes	75	40	35	16,065	8,100	7,965
30 to 44 minutes	75	35	40	3,525	1,905	1,620
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	10	1,125	760	365
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	1,815	1,330	485
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	240	130	110	39,390	19,845	19,550
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	35	20	20	2,410	1,680	735
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	10	6,085	3,715	2,370
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	115	55	60	7,930	4,165	3,765
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	50	25	25	8,465	3,160	5,305
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	10	0	5,150	2,240	2,915
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	20	15	10	9,350	4,890	4,460
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	365	190	175	48,275	24,310	23,960
Single responses	350	185	165	47,885	24,145	23,740
Official languages	350	185	165	47,595	24,000	23,595
English	310	160	145	47,355	23,925	23,430
French	40	25	20	250	80	170
Non-official languages	0	0	0	285	145	145
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	285	140	145
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	105	55	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	15	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	10	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	100	55	45
Chinese languages	0	0	0	100	55	45
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	20	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	65	30	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	10	385	170	220
English and French	15	0	10	140	60	80
English and non-official language	0	0	0	245	110	135
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	365	185	175	48,275	24,315	23,960
None	255	125	130	46,465	23,540	22,925
English	30	15	15	295	110	190
French	80	55	25	620	275	350
Non-official language	0	0	0	840	380	465
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	840	375	460
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	10	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	680	330	350	85,225	41,310	43,915
Non-movers	630	305	325	73,990	35,835	38,160
Movers	50	25	25	11,230	5,475	5,755
Non-migrants	10	0	0	6,355	3,025	3,330
Migrants	50	25	25	4,875	2,450	2,425
Internal migrants	50	25	25	4,410	2,185	2,230
Intraprovincial migrants	30	10	15	3,990	1,985	2,010
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	10	420	195	220
External migrants	0	0	0	465	265	200
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	675	330	350	81,845	39,645	42,195
Non-movers	540	265	275	52,775	25,690	27,085
Movers	135	60	75	29,065	13,955	15,110
Non-migrants	35	15	20	16,535	7,905	8,625
Migrants	100	45	55	12,530	6,045	6,485
Internal migrants	95	45	50	10,625	5,150	5,475
Intraprovincial migrants	60	30	30	9,715	4,675	5,045
Interprovincial migrants	40	15	20	910	475	435
External migrants	0	0	0	1,900	900	1,005

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Pointe-du-Chêne, LSD [Designated place], New Brunswick and Niagara Falls, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pointe-du-Chêne, Local service district [Designated place], New Brunswick and Niagara Falls, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Pointe-du-Chêne, Local service district [Designated place], New Brunswick and Niagara Falls, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pointe-du-Chêne, Local service district [Designated place], New Brunswick and Niagara Falls, City [Census subdivision], Ontario