Census Profile, 2016 Census
Gronlid, Organized hamlet [Designated place], Saskatchewan and Sturgeon River--Parkland [Federal electoral district], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Gronlid, OHM Saskatchewan [Designated place]			Sturgeon River--Parkland Alberta [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Gronlid, Organized hamlet [Designated place], Saskatchewan Map : Gronlid, Organized hamlet [Designated place], Saskatchewan Change geography 1			Data quality : Sturgeon River--Parkland [Federal electoral district], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	74	...	...	120,784	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	67	...	...	105,733	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	10.4	...	...	14.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	34	...	...	46,387	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	33	...	...	43,471	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	215.1	...	...	30.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.34	...	...	3,982.27	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	80	40	40	120,780	61,160	59,625
0 to 14 years	25	10	10	25,335	13,055	12,280
0 to 4 years	5	0	5	8,280	4,220	4,060
5 to 9 years	10	10	5	8,905	4,590	4,315
10 to 14 years	5	0	0	8,150	4,250	3,900
15 to 64 years	45	25	25	80,880	40,955	39,920
15 to 19 years	0	0	0	7,760	4,000	3,755
20 to 24 years	5	0	0	7,355	3,930	3,420
25 to 29 years	5	5	0	7,570	3,835	3,730
30 to 34 years	5	0	5	8,725	4,335	4,390
35 to 39 years	5	5	0	8,585	4,275	4,315
40 to 44 years	0	0	5	8,030	4,115	3,915
45 to 49 years	5	5	0	8,025	3,995	4,025
50 to 54 years	10	5	5	9,075	4,535	4,540
55 to 59 years	5	5	0	8,630	4,325	4,305
60 to 64 years	5	5	0	7,125	3,610	3,515
65 years and over	15	5	10	14,570	7,145	7,425
65 to 69 years	5	0	5	5,625	2,795	2,825
70 to 74 years	5	5	5	3,745	1,910	1,840
75 to 79 years	0	5	0	2,435	1,215	1,220
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	1,520	730	795
85 years and over	0	0	0	1,250	500	750
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	815	350	460
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	325	115	210
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	95	30	65
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	31.3	25.0	25.0	21.0	21.3	20.6
15 to 64 years	56.3	62.5	62.5	67.0	67.0	67.0
65 years and over	18.8	12.5	25.0	12.1	11.7	12.5
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.8	1.3
Average age of the population	38.5	38.4	38.5	37.4	37.0	37.8
Median age of the population	39.0	40.0	39.0	37.0	36.6	37.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	35	...	...	43,470	...	...
Single-detached house	30	...	...	33,200	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	260	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	0	...	...	7,895	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	2,700	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	1,520	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	205	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	3,440	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	35	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	2,115	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	35	...	...	43,470	...	...
1 person	5	...	...	7,775	...	...
2 persons	15	...	...	16,135	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	7,080	...	...
4 persons	0	...	...	7,505	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	4,975	...	...
Number of persons in private households	80	...	...	118,805	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	60	30	30	95,450	48,105	47,345
Married or living common law	40	20	20	62,250	31,160	31,095
Married	25	10	10	51,895	25,990	25,905
Living common law	15	5	5	10,355	5,170	5,185
Not married and not living common law	20	5	10	33,200	16,945	16,255
Never married	10	0	5	22,140	12,720	9,415
Separated	0	0	0	2,230	980	1,250
Divorced	5	5	0	5,145	2,375	2,775
Widowed	5	5	5	3,690	875	2,815
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	25	...	...	35,185	...	...
2 persons	15	...	...	17,175	...	...
3 persons	5	...	...	6,955	...	...
4 persons	0	...	...	7,230	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	3,825	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	25	...	...	35,185	...	...
Total couple families	20	...	...	30,635	...	...
Married couples	15	...	...	25,460	...	...
Common-law couples	5	...	...	5,175	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5	...	...	4,550	...	...
Female parent	5	...	...	3,315	...	...
Male parent	0	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	30,640	...	...
Couples without children	10	...	...	14,585	...	...
Couples with children	10	...	...	16,055	...	...
1 child	0	...	...	5,595	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	6,815	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	3,650	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	0	...	...	4,545	...	...
1 child	0	...	...	2,595	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	1,360	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	590	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	15	5	10	14,070	7,620	6,445
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	35	...	...	43,470	...	...
One-census-family households	20	...	...	33,240	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10	...	...	13,800	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10	...	...	19,445	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	960	...	...
Non-census-family households	10	...	...	9,275	...	...
One-person households	10	...	...	7,770	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	1,500	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	80	40	40	120,135	60,875	59,265
English only	80	40	40	111,975	57,010	54,965
French only	0	0	0	90	40	50
English and French	0	0	0	7,910	3,745	4,165
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	165	85	85
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	80	40	40	120,140	60,875	59,265
English	80	40	40	116,885	59,145	57,740
French	0	0	0	2,960	1,575	1,385
English and French	0	0	0	145	75	70
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	150	80	75
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	3,030	1,615	1,415
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.5	2.7	2.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	80	40	40	120,135	60,870	59,265
Single responses	80	40	40	118,940	60,305	58,640
Official languages	75	40	40	111,440	56,650	54,795
English	75	35	40	108,180	54,920	53,260
French	0	0	0	3,265	1,730	1,530
Non-official languages	5	0	0	7,505	3,660	3,845
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	425	205	225
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	370	175	195
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	355	165	190
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	15	5	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	320	150	165
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	15	10	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	10	5	5
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	7,080	3,450	3,625
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	145	85	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	140	85	55
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	120	75	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	25	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	15	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,060	420	635
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	60	20	35
Fijian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	10	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	55	20	40
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	900	365	535
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	5	5,200	2,640	2,560
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	1,640	795	840
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	0	5	0	1,625	790	835
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Czech	0	0	0	65	25	40
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	410	190	220
Russian	0	0	0	190	90	105
Serbian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Slovak	0	0	0	75	35	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Ukrainian	5	5	0	725	365	365
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	2,265	1,145	1,125
Afrikaans	0	0	0	65	30	35
Danish	0	0	0	80	40	40
Dutch	0	0	0	520	255	265
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	5
German	0	0	0	1,540	790	750
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	30	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	345	190	155
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	310	165	140
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hindi	0	0	0	50	25	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	140	70	70
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Urdu	0	0	0	50	30	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	890	475	410
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	205	115	85
Portuguese	0	0	0	205	105	100
Romanian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Spanish	0	0	0	435	235	205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	0	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Georgian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	70	35	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	65	35	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	200	80	125
Chinese languages	0	0	0	205	80	120
Cantonese	0	0	0	105	45	60
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	65	20	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	25	5	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	15	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	0	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	90	45	45
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	70	35	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,190	570	625
English and French	0	0	0	390	185	210
English and non-official language	0	0	0	745	360	390
French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	25	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	80	40	40	120,135	60,875	59,265
Single responses	80	40	40	118,565	60,135	58,430
Official languages	80	40	40	116,450	59,075	57,375
English	80	40	40	115,485	58,555	56,930
French	0	0	0	965	525	445
Non-official languages	0	0	0	2,115	1,060	1,055
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	2,055	1,035	1,020
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	40	20	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	5	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	535	260	280
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	505	240	265
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,235	645	590
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	355	180	180
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	360	180	180
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	125	60	65
Russian	0	0	0	90	50	40
Serbian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	35	15	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	400	210	190
Afrikaans	0	0	0	40	20	20
Danish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	40	25	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	310	165	150
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	210	105	100
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	185	95	95
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	80	40	40
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	45	20	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	240	135	100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Spanish	0	0	0	165	100	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	20	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	80	35	50
Chinese languages	0	0	0	85	35	45
Cantonese	0	0	0	50	20	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,575	735	835
English and French	0	0	0	240	115	130
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,290	605	685
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	80	40	40	120,140	60,875	59,265
None	80	40	40	113,940	57,925	56,015
English	0	0	0	1,485	770	715
French	0	0	0	1,535	700	835
Non-official language	0	0	0	3,110	1,445	1,665
Aboriginal	0	0	0	505	245	265
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	2,605	1,205	1,400
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	20	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	55	25	30	93,605	47,130	46,470
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	89,195	45,055	44,140
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	47,406	66,786	33,367
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	89,230	45,060	44,170
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	41,535	55,741	30,407
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	83,580	43,540	40,040
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	46,763	66,160	31,997
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	49,870	18,835	31,040
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	5,131	6,938	4,567
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	73,015	38,955	34,065
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	47,523	66,624	32,763
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	55	25	25	93,550	47,105	46,440
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	89,235	45,045	44,190
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	65,454	86,835	43,660
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	89,265	45,050	44,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	52,665	67,993	37,045
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	83,335	43,325	40,015
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	65,484	86,605	42,615
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	49,985	18,910	31,070
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	7,673	8,425	7,216
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	73,015	38,725	34,285
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	61,418	80,303	40,089
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	93,550	47,110	46,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	34,935	21,010	13,925
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	69,220	83,827	52,851
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	82,785	98,609	58,905
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	93.4	95.9	88.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	77.5	80.3	71.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	6.6	4.1	11.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	93,605	47,135	46,470
Without total income	x	x	x	4,410	2,075	2,335
With total income	x	x	x	89,195	45,060	44,135
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	95.3	95.6	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	10,850	3,395	7,455
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	10,135	3,345	6,790
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	9,510	3,500	6,005
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	8,170	3,120	5,055
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	7,920	3,395	4,525
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	7,215	3,415	3,800
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	6,315	3,475	2,845
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	5,400	3,390	2,010
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	4,425	2,975	1,455
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	3,820	2,550	1,265
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	15,440	12,500	2,940
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	9,755	7,645	2,115
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	5,685	4,855	830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	93,600	47,135	46,470
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	4,370	2,070	2,305
With after-tax income	x	x	x	89,230	45,065	44,165
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	95.3	95.6	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	11,165	3,475	7,690
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	10,665	3,520	7,145
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	11,030	4,055	6,975
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	10,120	4,120	6,000
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	10,000	4,690	5,310
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	8,480	4,695	3,790
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	6,845	4,430	2,420
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	5,435	3,735	1,700
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	15,485	12,350	3,140
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	4,200	3,030	1,175
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	2,990	2,330	655
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	8,300	6,990	1,310
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	93,600	47,135	46,470
Without employment income	x	x	x	20,580	8,180	12,405
With employment income	x	x	x	73,015	38,955	34,065
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	78.0	82.6	73.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	8,280	3,575	4,705
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	4,450	1,715	2,735
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	7,375	2,725	4,650
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	6,035	2,165	3,870
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	5,965	2,280	3,680
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	5,840	2,440	3,405
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	5,725	2,710	3,015
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	5,015	2,785	2,230
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	4,410	2,865	1,545
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	19,925	15,700	4,225
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	3,675	2,545	1,130
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	3,420	2,325	1,095
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	12,830	10,825	2,005
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	30	...	...	43,470	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,120	...	...	108,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,536	...	...	90,970	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	7,775	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	51,335	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	44,101	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	35,700	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	122,398	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	102,166	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	43,495	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	134,286	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	108,082	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	7,800	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	69,741	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	55,930	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	35,695	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	148,390	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	119,478	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	43,470	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	415	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	220	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	335	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	600	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,115	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	860	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	950	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	1,005	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	1,120	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	1,125	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	2,325	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	2,410	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	2,470	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	2,395	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,380	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	23,745	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	5,705	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	4,930	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	6,620	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	6,485	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	43,470	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	465	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	225	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	355	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	635	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,195	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	945	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	1,100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	1,265	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	1,335	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	1,465	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	3,035	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	3,070	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,190	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	3,140	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	3,015	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	19,035	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	6,610	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	4,745	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	7,680	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	34,645	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	120,631	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	100,882	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	13,520	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	105,806	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	89,131	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	16,195	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	145,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	120,097	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	6.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	4,065	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	67,721	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	60,593	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	34,645	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	147,317	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	118,485	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	13,500	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	137,564	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	110,043	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	16,160	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	170,392	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	136,458	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	4,100	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	84,249	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	71,749	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	11,650	6,430	5,220
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	47,229	58,728	37,416
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	41,033	48,993	33,703
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	11,660	6,530	5,125
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	63,201	73,288	50,348
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	51,121	57,990	42,369
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	118,805	60,105	58,705
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	37,150	17,740	19,405
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	5,865	2,815	3,045
In the second decile	x	x	x	5,690	2,475	3,215
In the third decile	x	x	x	6,960	3,265	3,690
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	8,665	4,210	4,460
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	9,980	4,985	4,990
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	81,655	42,360	39,295
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	11,130	5,570	5,560
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	13,050	6,645	6,405
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	15,600	8,110	7,485
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	18,600	9,625	8,970
In the top decile	x	x	x	23,280	12,410	10,870
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	116,035	58,720	57,315
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	28,975	14,900	14,075
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	9,675	4,940	4,730
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	73,630	37,090	36,540
65 years and over	x	x	x	13,430	6,735	6,695
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	7,085	3,230	3,850
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	2,310	1,185	1,125
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	720	360	360
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	3,830	1,675	2,155
65 years and over	x	x	x	950	370	575
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	6.1	5.5	6.7
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	8.0	8.0	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	7.4	7.3	7.6
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	5.2	4.5	5.9
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	7.1	5.5	8.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	3,640	1,725	1,915
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	1,205	605	595
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	380	180	200
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	2,270	1,055	1,215
65 years and over	x	x	x	165	65	105
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	3.1	2.9	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	4.2	4.1	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	3.9	3.6	4.2
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	3.1	2.8	3.3
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	1.2	1.0	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	85	45	40	118,800	60,115	58,680
Official languages	85	45	40	118,660	60,050	58,605
English	85	45	35	118,605	60,035	58,570
French	0	0	0	7,755	3,570	4,190
Non-official languages	0	0	10	10,145	4,785	5,355
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	835	400	425
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	785	385	405
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	750	370	385
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	700	335	370
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	45	20	20
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Dakota	0	0	0	15	15	0
Stoney	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	9,320	4,390	4,935
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	325	185	140
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	330	185	145
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	295	170	125
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	0	15
Maltese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	65	30	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	60	25	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,335	515	820
Bikol	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	55	20	40
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	20	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	50	25	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,270	485	785
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	6,645	3,250	3,395
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,850	900	945
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,830	895	940
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	70	30	35
Czech	0	0	0	130	45	85
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	495	290	205
Russian	0	0	0	375	170	205
Serbian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	90	35	55
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	745	350	390
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Germanic languages	10	0	0	2,680	1,330	1,345
Afrikaans	0	0	0	90	35	50
Danish	0	0	0	65	35	30
Dutch	0	0	0	595	295	300
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	0
German	0	0	0	1,875	945	925
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Swedish	0	0	0	45	15	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	120	80	45
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	350	190	160
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	330	175	160
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hindi	0	0	0	150	75	75
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	185	100	85
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,815	840	975
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	335	180	155
Portuguese	0	0	0	200	95	110
Romanian	0	0	0	60	35	20
Spanish	0	0	0	1,295	555	735
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	85	30	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	95	45	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	10
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	45	20	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	30	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	265	80	190
American Sign Language	0	0	0	105	40	60
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	40	125
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	210	85	120
Chinese languages	0	0	0	210	90	120
Cantonese	0	0	0	125	50	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	100	45	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	70	25	45
Lao	0	0	0	30	15	15
Thai	0	0	0	40	10	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	25	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	25	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	140	70	70
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	105	55	50
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	85	45	40	118,795	60,115	58,680
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	80	45	40	115,250	58,430	56,820
Canadian citizens aged under 18	35	25	10	29,390	15,150	14,245
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	45	25	25	85,865	43,285	42,575
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	3,545	1,680	1,860
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	85	45	35	118,795	60,115	58,680
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	80	45	40	110,060	55,795	54,260
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	7,990	3,910	4,080
Before 1981	0	0	0	3,190	1,705	1,485
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	875	400	475
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	820	350	470
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	1,550	765	790
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	590	315	275
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	965	445	515
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	1,555	695	860
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	750	405	345
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	7,985	3,910	4,075
Under 5 years	0	0	0	975	500	480
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,935	1,090	840
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	1,575	730	845
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	3,065	1,400	1,670
45 years and over	0	0	0	430	190	245
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	7,990	3,910	4,080
Americas	0	0	0	1,330	635	695
Brazil	0	0	0	20	0	25
Colombia	0	0	0	60	15	45
El Salvador	0	0	0	25	20	15
Guyana	0	0	0	35	15	25
Haiti	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	75	40	35
Mexico	0	0	0	135	70	60
Peru	0	0	0	15	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	45	10	30
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	670	315	360
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	245	140	110
Europe	0	0	0	4,475	2,310	2,160
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	50	25	20
Croatia	0	0	0	35	20	20
France	0	0	0	80	35	45
Germany	0	0	0	650	300	355
Greece	0	0	0	60	30	30
Hungary	0	0	0	65	30	30
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	100	60	40
Italy	0	0	0	145	105	35
Netherlands	0	0	0	500	255	245
Poland	0	0	0	320	175	145
Portugal	0	0	0	90	35	50
Romania	0	0	0	40	25	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	145	55	90
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	85	45	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,655	880	780
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	450	235	215
Africa	0	0	0	390	210	175
Algeria	0	0	0	15	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	30	15	20
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	30	20	15
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	40	20	20
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	130	65	60
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	140	85	55
Asia	0	0	0	1,690	700	985
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	85	35	55
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	30	0	25
India	0	0	0	175	100	75
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	60	25	30
Lebanon	0	0	0	90	65	30
Pakistan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Philippines	0	0	0	925	320	610
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	55	15	40
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	180	70	105
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	105	50	55
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	1,555	690	860
Americas	0	0	0	215	95	120
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	30	0	25
Cuba	0	0	0	25	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	50	20	35
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	65	20	45
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	30	30	0
Europe	0	0	0	410	225	185
France	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	45	25	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	195	115	80
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	95	50	50
Africa	0	0	0	55	25	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	25	20	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	20	10	10
Asia	0	0	0	855	335	515
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	20	10	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	50	25	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	705	275	430
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	30	10	20
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Australia	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	80	45	40	118,800	60,115	58,685
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	9,315	4,630	4,685
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	10	0	0	17,150	8,420	8,725
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	75	40	35	92,330	47,065	45,265
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	4,955	2,275	2,680
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	2,850	1,375	1,475
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,130	665	465
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	1,720	710	1,010
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	1,570	570	1,000
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	505	305	195
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	80	45	40	118,800	60,110	58,685
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	15	0	11,600	5,685	5,915
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	10	0	11,420	5,605	5,810
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	5,695	2,790	2,905
Métis	10	10	0	5,580	2,730	2,850
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	140	85	55
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	110	55	55
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	70	30	45
Non-Aboriginal identity	70	35	40	107,200	54,430	52,770
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	85	45	40	118,795	60,115	58,680
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	5,095	2,495	2,600
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	80	45	35	113,705	57,620	56,080
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	85	45	40	118,795	60,115	58,680
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	3,730	1,900	1,835
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	3,620	1,855	1,765
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	2,930	1,500	1,425
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	630	325	305
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	60	25	25
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	115	40	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	100	40	65
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	15	10	0	9,665	4,715	4,950
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	10	10	0	9,130	4,465	4,665
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	4,875	2,300	2,575
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	4,075	2,040	2,035
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	180	125	55
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	530	250	280
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	450	205	245
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	40	25	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	35	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	75	35	40	105,400	53,495	51,905
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	85	45	40	118,795	60,115	58,680
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	4,830	2,345	2,485
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	585	315	265
Chinese	0	0	0	370	175	195
Black	0	0	0	730	435	300
Filipino	0	0	0	1,535	615	925
Latin American	0	0	0	530	280	250
Arab	0	0	0	300	180	125
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	260	110	145
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Korean	0	0	0	85	40	50
Japanese	0	0	0	140	70	75
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	85	30	60
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	165	85	80
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	80	45	40	113,970	57,775	56,200
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	85	45	35	118,795	60,115	58,685
North American Aboriginal origins	10	10	0	13,400	6,615	6,780
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	10	0	8,420	4,080	4,335
Inuit	0	0	0	335	205	125
Métis	0	10	0	5,300	2,630	2,665
Other North American origins	15	10	10	36,600	18,760	17,840
Acadian	0	0	0	320	195	125
American	0	0	0	2,225	1,075	1,150
Canadian	10	0	10	34,965	17,940	17,030
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	55	20	30
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	30	25	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	80	40	35	94,135	47,115	47,020
British Isles origins	50	25	25	57,745	28,620	29,120
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	20	10	15	32,325	15,875	16,450
Irish	0	0	0	22,580	10,810	11,765
Manx	0	0	0	35	15	25
Scottish	35	15	20	25,100	12,500	12,595
Welsh	0	0	0	2,870	1,330	1,540
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	3,115	1,525	1,590
French origins	10	0	0	19,120	9,395	9,730
Alsatian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10	10	0	19,120	9,390	9,730
Western European origins (except French origins)	60	30	25	36,445	18,130	18,315
Austrian	10	0	0	1,710	820	890
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	1,440	770	675
Dutch	0	0	0	8,145	3,955	4,190
Flemish	0	0	0	210	55	160
Frisian	0	0	0	30	10	20
German	55	35	25	27,950	13,955	13,990
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	10	0
Swiss	0	0	0	700	335	370
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	45	20	20	11,475	5,510	5,960
Danish	0	0	0	1,950	905	1,055
Finnish	0	0	0	610	295	310
Icelandic	0	0	0	565	295	265
Norwegian	0	0	10	5,185	2,390	2,795
Swedish	30	15	10	3,655	1,780	1,870
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	430	220	210
Eastern European origins	30	10	15	27,025	13,420	13,610
Bulgarian	0	0	0	80	30	45
Byelorussian	0	0	0	80	50	35
Czech	0	0	0	610	295	315
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	390	170	225
Estonian	0	0	0	40	30	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,415	725	695
Latvian	0	0	0	95	35	55
Lithuanian	0	0	0	175	85	85
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Polish	15	10	0	7,585	3,820	3,765
Romanian	0	0	0	930	460	465
Russian	10	0	10	2,825	1,315	1,515
Slovak	0	0	0	225	95	130
Ukrainian	0	0	0	17,465	8,615	8,850
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Southern European origins	0	0	0	5,000	2,480	2,520
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	355	185	170
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	370	170	210
Italian	0	0	0	2,775	1,385	1,395
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	65	40	25
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	560	265	295
Serbian	0	0	0	130	55	75
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	115	70	50
Spanish	0	0	0	665	320	345
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	150	80	70
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	500	255	250
Basque	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	255	115	140
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	225	115	105
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	495	255	240
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	65	35	30
Dominican	0	0	0	15	0	15
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	280	155	125
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	80	35	45
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	20	0	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	850	445	410
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	20	15	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Chilean	0	0	0	55	30	25
Colombian	0	0	0	60	15	45
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	50	20	25
Hispanic	0	0	0	40	20	25
Honduran	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	345	200	150
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	65	45	20
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	100	50	50
African origins	0	0	0	920	480	440
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	140	85	60
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Edo	0	0	0	55	30	20
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guinean	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	115	60	60
Algerian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	15	10	15
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	35	15	25
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	15	10	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	205	105	100
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	10
South African	0	0	0	110	50	60
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	470	240	230
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	70	20	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	410	225	185
Asian origins	0	0	0	4,085	1,975	2,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	695	415	280
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	60	20	30
Armenian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	75	40	30
Iraqi	0	0	0	30	20	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	330	195	135
Palestinian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Syrian	0	0	0	60	40	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	45	35	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Asian origins	0	0	0	665	360	305
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	35	0	25
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	510	275	235
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	15	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	50	25	25
Punjabi	0	0	0	60	25	35
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	25	25	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	2,735	1,200	1,535
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chinese	0	0	0	775	370	400
Filipino	0	0	0	1,555	635	920
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	80	40	45
Japanese	0	0	0	165	80	85
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	90	40	45
Laotian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Malaysian	0	0	0	30	0	35
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	55	15	40
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	95	45	50
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	265	135	135
Australian	0	0	0	175	85	90
New Zealander	0	0	0	35	20	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	55	25	30
Fijian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maori	0	0	0	15	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	35	...	...	43,495	...	...
Owner	20	...	...	35,450	...	...
Renter	15	...	...	7,510	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	540	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	35	...	...	43,495	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	3,665	...	...
Not condominium	35	...	...	39,835	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	35	...	...	43,495	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	55	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	1,825	...	...
2 bedrooms	10	...	...	6,815	...	...
3 bedrooms	10	...	...	17,135	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20	...	...	17,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	40	...	...	43,495	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10	...	...	6,020	...	...
5 rooms	10	...	...	6,120	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	6,485	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	6,840	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	18,035	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	35	...	...	43,495	...	...
One person or fewer per room	35	...	...	43,135	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	40	...	...	43,495	...	...
Suitable	35	...	...	42,280	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	1,215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	35	...	...	43,495	...	...
1960 or before	35	...	...	2,295	...	...
1961 to 1980	10	...	...	11,685	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	5,260	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	6,100	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	4,575	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	7,700	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	5,875	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	35	...	...	43,495	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	30	...	...	41,140	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	2,350	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	35	...	...	43,495	...	...
1 household maintainer	35	...	...	24,010	...	...
2 household maintainers	0	...	...	18,550	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	935	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	35	...	...	43,495	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,365	...	...
25 to 34 years	0	...	...	6,975	...	...
35 to 44 years	10	...	...	8,660	...	...
45 to 54 years	10	...	...	9,515	...	...
55 to 64 years	10	...	...	8,610	...	...
65 to 74 years	10	...	...	5,420	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	2,405	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	41,715	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	34,710	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	7,005	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	6,125	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20	...	...	34,465	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	67.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	13.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,560	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,563	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	399,987	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	458,119	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15	...	...	7,360	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	7.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	34.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,344	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,399	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	55	25	30	93,550	47,110	46,440
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	10	15	16,720	8,860	7,860
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10	10	0	28,750	13,355	15,395
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20	0	15	48,075	24,890	23,180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	0	14,190	11,945	2,240
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	0	3,285	2,070	1,220
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	10,900	9,875	1,025
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	0	0	0	20,150	7,660	12,485
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	2,480	875	1,600
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	0	11,260	4,410	6,850
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	8,760	3,270	5,495
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	615	220	395
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	245	150	100
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,430	655	775
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	205	115	90
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	35	20	15	65,280	32,620	32,660
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	10	0	7,275	4,130	3,150
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	0	0	0	19,130	8,735	10,395
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15	10	15	38,875	19,755	19,120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	0	0	11,150	9,445	1,705
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	10	2,455	1,565	895
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	8,690	7,880	810
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	0	0	0	16,460	6,175	10,290
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,915	685	1,230
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	0	0	0	9,345	3,455	5,890
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	7,405	2,680	4,730
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	430	115	310
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	165	85	75
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,200	505	700
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	150	75	80
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	55	25	25	93,550	47,110	46,440
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	35	20	15	45,470	22,215	23,260
Education	0	0	10	3,285	795	2,490
13. Education	10	0	10	3,285	795	2,490
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	965	375	590
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	235	150	85
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	730	225	505
Humanities	0	0	0	1,155	425	730
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	105	15	90
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	195	40	160
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	330	125	205
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	95	40	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	265	135	125
54. History	0	0	0	115	70	45
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	45	0	50
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	3,120	725	2,400
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	65	10	60
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	335	120	215
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	755	30	730
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	715	105	615
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	15	10	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	505	120	380
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	725	330	390
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	8,510	2,245	6,260
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	550	110	435
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	7,940	2,140	5,800
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,035	470	565
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	390	175	220
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	260	100	165
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	210	145	70
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	165	60	105
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	960	520	445
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	765	480	285
25. Library science	0	0	0	115	10	105
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	80	30	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	0	10	16,660	15,660	1,000
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	160	95	60
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,190	1,015	180
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	2,810	2,470	340
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	10	0	4,790	4,615	175
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	5,265	5,105	165
48. Precision production	0	0	10	2,450	2,360	85
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,195	770	430
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	740	475	260
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	460	295	165
Health and related fields	0	0	10	7,640	1,120	6,520
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	485	215	265
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	7,100	860	6,240
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	60	40	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	3,550	1,790	1,760
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,830	345	1,485
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	55	45	10
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	900	660	240
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	755	730	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	35	25	10	65,275	32,620	32,655
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20	15	0	26,405	12,860	13,540
Education	0	0	0	2,450	505	1,945
13. Education	0	0	0	2,455	505	1,945
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	750	265	485
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	160	100	60
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	590	165	420
Humanities	0	0	0	890	320	575
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	95	15	80
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	145	20	125
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	250	90	160
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	70	20	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	210	105	100
54. History	0	0	0	85	60	25
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	35	0	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	2,690	610	2,080
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	60	10	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	300	110	190
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	635	20	610
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	635	85	550
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	15	10	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	405	90	315
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	650	285	360
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	7,065	1,785	5,280
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	425	70	355
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	6,620	1,715	4,900
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	830	365	465
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	310	125	185
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	215	90	130
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	165	105	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	135	45	90
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	835	465	375
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	670	430	235
25. Library science	0	0	0	95	0	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	65	25	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	0	10	13,460	12,570	895
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	140	80	65
14. Engineering	0	0	0	985	830	150
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	2,260	1,970	290
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	0	3,965	3,810	155
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	4,175	4,025	145
48. Precision production	10	0	10	1,940	1,855	80
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	935	580	355
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	525	320	205
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	410	260	150
Health and related fields	10	0	10	6,155	885	5,270
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	430	175	260
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	10	5,695	695	5,000
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	25	10	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	2,800	1,410	1,390
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,415	250	1,165
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	35	25	10
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	755	555	195
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	590	575	15
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	55	25	30	93,550	47,110	46,440
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35	25	15	45,470	22,215	23,255
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	20	0	15	48,075	24,890	23,180
Location of study inside Canada	10	0	10	44,905	23,390	21,515
Same as province or territory of residence	10	0	10	36,175	19,025	17,150
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	8,725	4,360	4,370
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	10	3,175	1,505	1,665
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	605	325	285
Philippines	0	0	0	670	255	410
India	0	0	0	100	35	60
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	570	285	285
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	35	20	15
Other	0	0	0	1,190	585	610
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	30	20	10	65,275	32,620	32,660
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15	15	0	26,405	12,865	13,540
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	15	10	10	38,870	19,755	19,115
Location of study inside Canada	10	10	10	36,365	18,590	17,780
Same as province or territory of residence	10	0	10	29,220	15,085	14,145
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	7,140	3,505	3,635
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	2,510	1,170	1,335
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	470	245	220
Philippines	0	0	0	655	255	395
India	0	0	0	80	30	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	375	185	190
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	35	25	15
Other	0	0	10	895	430	460
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	55	30	30	93,545	47,110	46,440
In the labour force	40	20	15	67,045	36,500	30,545
Employed	35	15	20	61,270	32,900	28,365
Unemployed	10	0	0	5,775	3,595	2,180
Not in the labour force	15	0	10	26,500	10,610	15,895
Participation rate	72.7	66.7	50.0	71.7	77.5	65.8
Employment rate	63.6	50.0	66.7	65.5	69.8	61.1
Unemployment rate	25.0	0.0	0.0	8.6	9.8	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	55	25	30	93,550	47,105	46,440
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	10	0	15	22,765	8,865	13,900
Worked	40	25	15	70,780	38,245	32,540
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	15	10	10	36,090	21,780	14,305
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	25	20	0	34,695	16,460	18,230
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	37.1	52.0	42.6	43.5	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	40	20	20	67,045	36,505	30,545
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	875	400	480
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	40	20	20	66,170	36,110	30,060
Employee	30	15	15	57,805	30,910	26,895
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	0	0	0	8,365	5,195	3,170
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	40	20	20	67,050	36,505	30,545
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	875	400	480
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	40	20	20	66,170	36,105	30,060
0 Management occupations	10	10	0	8,110	5,235	2,875
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	0	0	0	10,255	1,995	8,260
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	3,250	2,540	710
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	3,585	450	3,130
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10	0	0	6,830	2,565	4,260
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,035	310	725
6 Sales and service occupations	15	10	10	12,320	4,295	8,025
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	0	0	0	16,585	15,255	1,330
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	2,235	1,790	445
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	10	0	1,965	1,660	310
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	40	20	20	67,050	36,500	30,540
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	880	395	480
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	40	25	15	66,170	36,105	30,065
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	1,790	1,190	600
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	2,930	2,490	440
22 Utilities	0	0	0	940	780	160
23 Construction	0	10	0	10,655	8,790	1,860
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	3,685	2,775	910
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	3,340	2,415	925
44-45 Retail trade	10	0	0	7,100	2,885	4,215
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	10	3,630	2,650	980
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	585	295	290
52 Finance and insurance	0	10	0	1,745	410	1,335
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	1,160	570	590
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	3,390	1,620	1,770
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	100	40	65
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	2,210	1,115	1,090
61 Educational services	0	0	0	3,470	795	2,670
62 Health care and social assistance	0	0	10	6,255	720	5,535
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	1,110	480	630
72 Accommodation and food services	10	0	0	3,350	1,175	2,180
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	3,610	1,900	1,715
91 Public administration	0	0	0	5,100	3,005	2,100
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	35	15	15	61,270	32,900	28,365
Worked at home	0	0	0	4,995	2,130	2,865
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	105	90	10
No fixed workplace address	0	0	0	10,485	8,190	2,285
Worked at usual place	35	15	15	45,685	22,490	23,195
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	35	15	20	45,690	22,490	23,200
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	25	10	15	10,660	4,515	6,150
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	0	31,775	15,840	15,935
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	10	3,005	1,960	1,045
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	245	180	65
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	35	15	20	56,170	30,685	25,485
Car, truck, van - as a driver	10	10	10	49,715	27,420	22,295
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	0	0	2,615	1,170	1,440
Public transit	0	0	0	1,085	700	385
Walked	20	10	10	1,595	665	935
Bicycle	0	0	0	165	95	70
Other method	0	0	0	995	645	355
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	35	15	15	56,170	30,685	25,485
Less than 15 minutes	25	10	15	13,760	5,940	7,820
15 to 29 minutes	0	0	0	15,805	8,075	7,730
30 to 44 minutes	0	0	0	14,255	8,545	5,710
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	7,395	4,560	2,835
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	4,960	3,565	1,395
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	30	15	20	56,170	30,685	25,485
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	10	6,040	4,675	1,365
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	0	13,690	9,200	4,490
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	0	0	0	15,910	8,175	7,745
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10	10	10	8,425	3,040	5,385
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	0	10	4,185	1,355	2,830
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	0	10	7,915	4,240	3,675
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	45	25	15	72,555	38,935	33,620
Single responses	45	25	20	72,300	38,815	33,480
Official languages	45	25	20	72,210	38,760	33,450
English	45	30	15	72,065	38,745	33,320
French	0	0	0	150	20	130
Non-official languages	0	0	0	80	55	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	80	50	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	30	25	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	15	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	260	120	140
English and French	0	0	0	140	60	75
English and non-official language	0	0	0	120	60	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	45	30	15	72,550	38,935	33,620
None	45	25	20	71,125	38,220	32,900
English	0	0	0	150	45	105
French	0	0	0	805	385	415
Non-official language	0	0	0	465	280	190
Aboriginal	0	0	0	115	50	60
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	350	225	125
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	85	45	35	117,245	59,380	57,865
Non-movers	75	40	35	101,640	51,675	49,965
Movers	10	0	10	15,610	7,700	7,905
Non-migrants	0	0	0	5,720	2,830	2,890
Migrants	10	10	0	9,890	4,875	5,015
Internal migrants	10	0	10	9,580	4,755	4,825
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	10	8,120	4,060	4,065
Interprovincial migrants	0	10	0	1,460	700	760
External migrants	0	0	0	315	120	190
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	75	45	35	110,480	55,905	54,575
Non-movers	25	20	10	65,200	33,250	31,950
Movers	50	25	30	45,280	22,650	22,625
Non-migrants	0	0	0	15,085	7,580	7,505
Migrants	50	25	25	30,195	15,075	15,125
Internal migrants	40	25	20	28,565	14,275	14,290
Intraprovincial migrants	40	25	20	22,335	11,190	11,145
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	0	6,230	3,080	3,145
External migrants	0	0	10	1,630	800	835

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Gronlid, OHM [Designated place], Saskatchewan and Sturgeon River--Parkland [Federal electoral district], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Gronlid, Organized hamlet [Designated place], Saskatchewan and Sturgeon River--Parkland [Federal electoral district], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Gronlid, Organized hamlet [Designated place], Saskatchewan and Sturgeon River--Parkland [Federal electoral district], Alberta

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Gronlid, Organized hamlet [Designated place], Saskatchewan and Sturgeon River--Parkland [Federal electoral district], Alberta