Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bas-Saint-Laurent [Economic region], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Bas-Saint-Laurent Quebec [Economic region]			Division No. 4, CDR Saskatchewan [Census division]
	Data quality , Bas-Saint-Laurent [Economic region], Quebec Map : Bas-Saint-Laurent [Economic region], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	197,385	...	...	10,854	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	199,977	...	...	10,879	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.3	...	...	-0.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	103,220	...	...	5,262	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	89,833	...	...	4,181	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	8.9	...	...	0.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	22,237.07	...	...	21,366.27	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	197,385	97,495	99,885	10,855	5,405	5,455
0 to 14 years	28,460	14,725	13,735	2,015	1,015	1,000
0 to 4 years	9,170	4,725	4,445	695	365	330
5 to 9 years	10,070	5,285	4,785	635	325	310
10 to 14 years	9,220	4,710	4,505	685	325	360
15 to 64 years	122,185	61,220	60,965	6,775	3,360	3,410
15 to 19 years	9,420	4,865	4,555	700	365	330
20 to 24 years	9,575	4,900	4,680	580	295	285
25 to 29 years	9,345	4,785	4,555	570	275	295
30 to 34 years	9,990	5,080	4,910	600	285	315
35 to 39 years	11,285	5,740	5,545	560	280	280
40 to 44 years	10,365	5,170	5,195	565	275	290
45 to 49 years	10,735	5,345	5,390	615	285	330
50 to 54 years	15,145	7,400	7,750	810	400	405
55 to 59 years	18,365	9,000	9,365	965	475	490
60 to 64 years	17,955	8,935	9,020	815	425	390
65 years and over	46,740	21,555	25,185	2,065	1,025	1,040
65 to 69 years	15,710	7,810	7,900	640	340	305
70 to 74 years	11,465	5,655	5,815	500	265	230
75 to 79 years	7,705	3,635	4,075	335	170	165
80 to 84 years	5,670	2,400	3,275	305	140	165
85 years and over	6,190	2,065	4,125	280	105	175
85 to 89 years	3,900	1,445	2,455	165	70	95
90 to 94 years	1,810	525	1,285	95	35	60
95 to 99 years	410	90	325	15	0	15
100 years and over	60	5	60	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.4	15.1	13.8	18.6	18.8	18.3
15 to 64 years	61.9	62.8	61.0	62.4	62.2	62.5
65 years and over	23.7	22.1	25.2	19.0	19.0	19.1
85 years and over	3.1	2.1	4.1	2.6	1.9	3.2
Average age of the population	45.7	44.7	46.8	41.9	41.5	42.2
Median age of the population	49.8	48.3	51.0	43.6	43.3	43.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	89,835	...	...	4,185	...	...
Single-detached house	58,745	...	...	3,700	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	670	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	29,310	...	...	305	...	...
Semi-detached house	4,575	...	...	55	...	...
Row house	1,365	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,215	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	18,560	...	...	200	...	...
Other single-attached house	590	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,105	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	89,830	...	...	4,180	...	...
1 person	31,410	...	...	1,340	...	...
2 persons	34,935	...	...	1,670	...	...
3 persons	10,735	...	...	425	...	...
4 persons	8,705	...	...	420	...	...
5 or more persons	4,045	...	...	325	...	...
Number of persons in private households	189,975	...	...	9,405	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	168,925	82,775	86,150	8,845	4,390	4,455
Married or living common law	100,100	50,060	50,040	5,680	2,830	2,855
Married	54,945	27,525	27,420	5,090	2,540	2,555
Living common law	45,160	22,535	22,625	590	295	300
Not married and not living common law	68,825	32,715	36,115	3,160	1,560	1,595
Never married	43,835	24,130	19,705	2,030	1,150	880
Separated	1,940	965	975	155	75	85
Divorced	10,955	4,865	6,090	420	210	205
Widowed	12,100	2,760	9,340	555	120	435
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	56,360	...	...	2,785	...	...
2 persons	34,135	...	...	1,670	...	...
3 persons	10,185	...	...	420	...	...
4 persons	8,365	...	...	415	...	...
5 or more persons	3,665	...	...	290	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	56,360	...	...	2,785	...	...
Total couple families	49,065	...	...	2,515	...	...
Married couples	26,500	...	...	2,215	...	...
Common-law couples	22,565	...	...	295	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	7,300	...	...	270	...	...
Female parent	5,355	...	...	205	...	...
Male parent	1,945	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	49,060	...	...	2,515	...	...
Couples without children	29,495	...	...	1,495	...	...
Couples with children	19,565	...	...	1,020	...	...
1 child	8,185	...	...	355	...	...
2 children	7,860	...	...	385	...	...
3 or more children	3,525	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	7,300	...	...	275	...	...
1 child	4,640	...	...	170	...	...
2 children	2,005	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	655	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	38,250	18,845	19,405	1,605	850	750
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	89,830	...	...	4,180	...	...
One-census-family households	55,760	...	...	2,725	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	29,215	...	...	1,480	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	26,545	...	...	1,250	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	300	...	...	30	...	...
Non-census-family households	33,780	...	...	1,425	...	...
One-person households	31,410	...	...	1,340	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,365	...	...	85	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	194,720	96,415	98,305	10,700	5,335	5,365
English only	150	85	65	10,380	5,200	5,185
French only	158,740	75,940	82,800	5	0	0
English and French	35,785	20,365	15,425	275	115	160
Neither English nor French	45	25	20	35	20	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	194,720	96,415	98,305	10,700	5,335	5,365
English	1,110	570	540	10,525	5,250	5,275
French	193,345	95,710	97,640	135	60	70
English and French	225	115	110	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	40	20	20	35	20	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,225	630	595	135	65	75
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.6	0.7	0.6	1.3	1.2	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	194,720	96,415	98,305	10,700	5,335	5,365
Single responses	194,075	96,070	98,005	10,600	5,295	5,310
Official languages	193,150	95,590	97,560	9,040	4,545	4,500
English	1,085	545	550	8,775	4,425	4,355
French	192,065	95,045	97,015	270	120	150
Non-official languages	920	480	440	1,555	745	810
Aboriginal languages	10	0	5	65	30	45
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	70	30	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	65	25	40
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	25	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	915	475	435	1,490	720	765
Afro-Asiatic languages	205	120	80	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	175	105	70	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	175	100	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	30	15	195	95	95
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	25	5	155	80	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	10	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	425	200	220	1,235	600	640
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	30	15	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	25	15	25	20	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	5	5	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	0	5	0	0
Russian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	35	35	1,165	565	600
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	5	5	0	5
Dutch	10	5	0	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	5
German	45	15	25	1,135	555	575
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	10	10	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	290	135	160	30	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	15	5	0	5
Romanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	210	95	120	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	20	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	20	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	5	5	0	0	5
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	30	20	15	10
Chinese languages	60	30	35	20	10	10
Cantonese	20	10	10	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	5	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	5	10	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	5	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	5	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	650	350	300	95	45	55
English and French	460	245	210	35	15	15
English and non-official language	10	5	10	65	30	35
French and non-official language	160	85	75	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	10	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	194,720	96,415	98,305	10,700	5,335	5,365
Single responses	193,985	96,040	97,950	10,290	5,145	5,145
Official languages	193,665	95,865	97,800	9,340	4,675	4,660
English	650	350	305	9,315	4,665	4,650
French	193,015	95,515	97,495	20	10	10
Non-official languages	325	175	145	955	470	485
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	15	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	325	175	145	940	465	475
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	20	25	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	30	5	100	50	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	30	0	85	45	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	75	70	805	395	405
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	5	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	5	0	0	0	5
Russian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	775	385	390
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	765	380	385
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	5	0	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	60	55	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	5	5	5	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5	5	0	0
Romanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	85	45	45	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	5	5	5
Chinese languages	45	25	20	10	0	5
Cantonese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	5	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	730	375	360	410	190	220
English and French	435	230	205	5	5	5
English and non-official language	15	10	5	405	190	215
French and non-official language	240	115	130	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	20	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	194,720	96,415	98,310	10,700	5,335	5,365
None	189,890	93,785	96,110	9,660	4,825	4,830
English	3,625	2,015	1,605	820	405	415
French	545	290	255	35	10	25
Non-official language	545	270	270	180	85	95
Aboriginal	10	5	5	50	20	25
Non-Aboriginal	535	270	265	135	70	65
English and French	15	5	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	85	35	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	161,570	80,215	81,350	7,765	3,910	3,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	157,900	78,575	79,325	7,565	3,805	3,760
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,538	35,375	25,954	36,207	42,022	31,187
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	157,935	78,585	79,355	7,565	3,805	3,760
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,570	31,158	24,039	33,137	37,205	28,763
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	136,810	70,040	66,770	7,180	3,655	3,525
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,537	31,359	22,406	32,507	38,673	26,568
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	128,005	61,595	66,405	5,145	2,340	2,805
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,167	9,011	9,302	6,309	5,784	6,544
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	107,875	57,260	50,615	6,195	3,260	2,940
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,523	31,546	23,971	28,466	33,333	24,816
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	161,585	80,250	81,330	7,765	3,910	3,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	158,015	78,640	79,375	7,595	3,830	3,765
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,525	41,624	31,474	44,108	51,628	36,465
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	158,040	78,635	79,395	7,595	3,830	3,765
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,051	34,746	27,390	37,304	42,496	32,027
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	136,850	70,005	66,845	7,215	3,710	3,505
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,092	38,274	27,666	40,769	48,302	32,795
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	128,065	61,590	66,475	5,105	2,370	2,730
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,705	9,642	9,764	7,979	7,741	8,186
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	107,875	57,295	50,585	6,195	3,285	2,910
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,334	37,144	29,019	37,168	42,828	30,776
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	161,580	80,255	81,330	7,765	3,910	3,855
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	44,730	24,250	20,480	3,060	1,830	1,235
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,585	45,355	38,109	41,079	42,844	39,074
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,000	51,179	42,052	48,660	53,155	41,995
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	78.4	81.7	74.2	87.7	90.5	83.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.4	65.2	58.8	68.3	70.9	64.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	21.6	18.3	25.8	12.3	9.4	16.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	161,570	80,220	81,350	7,765	3,905	3,860
Without total income	3,665	1,640	2,025	200	100	100
With total income	157,905	78,580	79,325	7,565	3,810	3,760
Percentage with total income	97.7	98.0	97.5	97.4	97.6	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,990	6,630	10,365	860	390	470
$10,000 to $19,999	33,570	13,505	20,065	1,175	480	695
$20,000 to $29,999	27,055	12,560	14,500	1,130	470	660
$30,000 to $39,999	24,240	12,565	11,675	1,045	470	570
$40,000 to $49,999	20,125	11,010	9,115	930	490	440
$50,000 to $59,999	12,915	7,630	5,285	665	355	310
$60,000 to $69,999	7,855	4,895	2,955	475	285	185
$70,000 to $79,999	5,700	3,280	2,420	325	210	110
$80,000 to $89,999	3,265	2,020	1,245	260	140	115
$90,000 to $99,999	1,880	1,305	575	205	125	75
$100,000 and over	4,300	3,170	1,125	510	380	130
$100,000 to $149,999	3,080	2,295	790	365	260	105
$150,000 and over	1,215	875	340	145	115	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	161,565	80,220	81,350	7,765	3,905	3,855
Without after-tax income	3,635	1,635	1,995	200	100	100
With after-tax income	157,940	78,580	79,355	7,565	3,805	3,760
Percentage with after-tax income	97.8	98.0	97.5	97.4	97.4	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	17,745	6,795	10,955	885	400	480
$10,000 to $19,999	35,185	14,250	20,935	1,235	505	730
$20,000 to $29,999	33,835	16,330	17,505	1,295	555	745
$30,000 to $39,999	30,180	16,355	13,820	1,285	625	655
$40,000 to $49,999	19,160	11,210	7,950	1,000	525	470
$50,000 to $59,999	10,115	5,995	4,120	640	385	260
$60,000 to $69,999	5,610	3,335	2,275	430	260	170
$70,000 to $79,999	2,505	1,700	805	290	175	115
$80,000 and over	3,600	2,620	980	510	370	140
$80,000 to $89,999	1,255	930	325	180	110	65
$90,000 to $99,999	710	525	185	115	90	30
$100,000 and over	1,640	1,165	470	215	170	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	161,565	80,220	81,350	7,765	3,905	3,860
Without employment income	53,695	22,955	30,735	1,570	645	925
With employment income	107,875	57,265	50,615	6,195	3,260	2,935
Percentage with employment income	66.8	71.4	62.2	79.8	83.5	76.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	15,720	8,330	7,390	1,040	550	490
$5,000 to $9,999	8,820	3,710	5,110	530	240	285
$10,000 to $19,999	16,930	7,685	9,245	870	390	480
$20,000 to $29,999	16,240	7,715	8,520	755	340	420
$30,000 to $39,999	14,935	7,905	7,035	750	350	400
$40,000 to $49,999	11,520	6,710	4,805	595	325	270
$50,000 to $59,999	7,780	4,940	2,840	425	235	190
$60,000 to $69,999	5,185	3,200	1,980	320	215	110
$70,000 to $79,999	4,260	2,380	1,880	220	140	80
$80,000 and over	6,485	4,675	1,805	695	480	210
$80,000 to $89,999	2,210	1,470	740	175	100	80
$90,000 to $99,999	1,325	960	360	160	105	60
$100,000 and over	2,950	2,250	700	355	280	75
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	89,835	...	...	4,180	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,426	...	...	65,139	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,641	...	...	58,054	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	31,415	...	...	1,340	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,693	...	...	34,987	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,956	...	...	31,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	58,420	...	...	2,840	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,660	...	...	84,779	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,709	...	...	74,661	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	89,835	...	...	4,180	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,248	...	...	80,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,625	...	...	67,761	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	31,390	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,715	...	...	42,014	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,984	...	...	35,658	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	58,440	...	...	2,830	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,649	...	...	98,274	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,398	...	...	83,055	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	89,835	...	...	4,180	...	...
Under $5,000	645	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,270	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,690	...	...	85	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	6,235	...	...	220	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5,120	...	...	220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	4,750	...	...	155	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	6,345	...	...	205	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5,280	...	...	210	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	4,930	...	...	180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	4,510	...	...	180	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	8,365	...	...	385	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	7,080	...	...	335	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	6,425	...	...	260	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5,385	...	...	255	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	4,255	...	...	260	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,550	...	...	1,160	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	7,330	...	...	425	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,785	...	...	285	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,960	...	...	270	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,470	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	89,830	...	...	4,185	...	...
Under $5,000	690	...	...	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,290	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,720	...	...	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	6,495	...	...	220	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5,830	...	...	235	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5,865	...	...	185	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	7,340	...	...	245	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	6,340	...	...	235	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5,580	...	...	200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5,255	...	...	240	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	9,595	...	...	425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	8,040	...	...	360	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	6,470	...	...	320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,990	...	...	305	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,635	...	...	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,700	...	...	815	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,105	...	...	390	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,945	...	...	215	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,645	...	...	215	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	56,820	...	...	2,780	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,010	...	...	84,565	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,962	...	...	74,673	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	28,835	...	...	1,470	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,320	...	...	77,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,001	...	...	68,809	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	19,650	...	...	1,020	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,921	...	...	105,643	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,671	...	...	91,867	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	7,130	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,574	...	...	52,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,961	...	...	47,232	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	56,860	...	...	2,760	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,050	...	...	98,048	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,656	...	...	82,878	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	28,820	...	...	1,460	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,142	...	...	91,761	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,734	...	...	76,864	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	19,665	...	...	1,025	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,282	...	...	116,433	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,479	...	...	98,772	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,165	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,193	...	...	60,168	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,108	...	...	53,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	35,640	17,585	18,050	1,510	800	705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,726	28,416	23,851	34,528	39,056	29,184
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,228	25,894	22,872	31,152	35,040	27,093
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	35,590	17,740	17,845	1,545	830	710
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,682	34,291	31,082	41,675	43,483	39,564
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,193	29,146	27,245	35,328	36,253	34,249
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	189,975	94,910	95,065	9,400	4,725	4,675
In the bottom half of the distribution	122,270	60,090	62,185	4,835	2,335	2,500
In the bottom decile	15,475	7,520	7,950	815	425	385
In the second decile	26,675	12,360	14,310	1,030	460	570
In the third decile	27,105	13,510	13,595	950	440	510
In the fourth decile	27,695	13,900	13,795	1,050	525	530
In the fifth decile	25,330	12,795	12,535	985	485	500
In the top half of the distribution	67,705	34,820	32,885	4,570	2,390	2,175
In the sixth decile	22,310	11,450	10,860	975	510	465
In the seventh decile	18,285	9,355	8,930	975	520	460
In the eighth decile	13,340	6,820	6,520	935	500	435
In the ninth decile	8,605	4,505	4,100	985	510	480
In the top decile	5,160	2,695	2,465	695	365	335
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	189,975	94,910	95,065	9,240	4,655	4,585
0 to 17 years	33,875	17,570	16,305	1,930	980	945
0 to 5 years	11,185	5,760	5,420	600	320	280
18 to 64 years	115,460	57,640	57,815	5,410	2,725	2,680
65 years and over	40,640	19,700	20,935	1,905	950	950
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	29,830	13,930	15,895	1,235	605	635
0 to 17 years	3,840	2,005	1,830	285	150	140
0 to 5 years	1,220	655	565	100	55	45
18 to 64 years	15,510	7,510	8,000	595	305	295
65 years and over	10,480	4,415	6,065	355	155	200
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.7	14.7	16.7	13.4	13.0	13.8
0 to 17 years (%)	11.3	11.4	11.2	14.8	15.3	14.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	11.4	10.4	16.7	17.2	16.1
18 to 64 years (%)	13.4	13.0	13.8	11.0	11.2	11.0
65 years and over (%)	25.8	22.4	29.0	18.6	16.3	21.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	9,450	4,860	4,585	380	205	175
0 to 17 years	1,060	555	510	95	50	45
0 to 5 years	325	175	155	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	7,820	4,080	3,745	245	140	110
65 years and over	565	225	340	40	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.0	5.1	4.8	4.1	4.4	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.1	3.2	3.1	4.9	5.1	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	2.9	3.0	2.9	5.8	4.7	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	7.1	6.5	4.5	5.1	4.1
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.1	1.6	2.1	2.1	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	189,975	94,905	95,075	9,405	4,725	4,675
Official languages	189,925	94,875	95,050	9,390	4,725	4,665
English	35,355	20,220	15,135	9,380	4,720	4,665
French	189,820	94,815	95,005	265	105	160
Non-official languages	3,730	1,695	2,040	850	390	460
Aboriginal languages	25	10	20	90	50	35
Algonquian languages	20	0	20	90	50	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	0	20	85	50	35
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	80	45	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,710	1,690	2,020	765	340	420
Afro-Asiatic languages	255	160	95	0	0	0
Berber languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	235	140	85	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	225	140	85	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	35	20	310	140	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	35	10	305	140	170
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	140	70	70	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	115	55	65	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,960	1,280	1,675	350	160	195
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	80	50	55	35	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	80	55	50	35	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	15	10	0	0
Russian	95	60	35	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	370	185	185	240	95	140
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	0	15
Dutch	50	25	25	15	0	15
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
German	285	135	150	190	95	100
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	30	0	15
Greek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	15	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	0	20	15	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	10	10	10
Hindi	15	10	0	10	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,510	1,055	1,460	65	25	40
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	210	85	115	10	0	10
Portuguese	65	40	25	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	2,315	975	1,340	60	20	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	60	20	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	180	100	80	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	0	20	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	50	40	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	75	45	35	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	10	25	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	55	75	30	15	15
Chinese languages	130	60	70	30	15	10
Cantonese	60	30	35	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	85	40	45	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	15	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	189,975	94,900	95,070	9,400	4,730	4,675
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	188,545	94,115	94,430	8,970	4,530	4,440
Canadian citizens aged under 18	33,660	17,395	16,270	1,845	900	945
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	154,885	76,725	78,165	7,130	3,635	3,490
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,430	790	645	430	190	235
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	189,975	94,900	95,075	9,400	4,725	4,675
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	186,985	93,380	93,605	8,640	4,395	4,250
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,445	1,235	1,210	710	300	410
Before 1981	460	230	230	160	65	95
1981 to 1990	220	100	115	45	10	35
1991 to 2000	350	145	210	35	25	10
2001 to 2010	800	390	415	150	60	90
2001 to 2005	350	165	190	25	10	20
2006 to 2010	450	225	220	130	55	70
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	615	370	245	315	135	180
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	550	285	265	50	35	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,445	1,235	1,210	710	300	410
Under 5 years	505	185	320	70	25	45
5 to 14 years	410	185	220	150	55	95
15 to 24 years	410	215	195	135	65	70
25 to 44 years	1,000	570	425	285	125	165
45 years and over	120	75	40	65	25	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,445	1,240	1,210	705	300	405
Americas	545	225	320	175	80	95
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	60	35	25	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	100	40	55	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	45	20	25
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	220	85	135	115	60	60
Other places of birth in Americas	140	50	85	10	0	10
Europe	1,015	590	425	165	70	100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	650	385	265	0	0	0
Germany	25	10	15	20	10	15
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	20	20	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	15	0	15
Poland	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	0	10	0	0	10
Russian Federation	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	30	15	20	70	40	30
Other places of birth in Europe	215	130	90	35	10	30
Africa	405	230	170	0	0	0
Algeria	20	15	10	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	65	50	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	310	170	140	0	0	0
Asia	470	175	295	350	150	195
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	235	30	200	25	15	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	55	30	20	30	10	15
Lebanon	20	20	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	20	0	280	115	165
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	105	60	45	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	15	10	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	615	370	245	315	135	180
Americas	75	30	50	35	15	25
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	15	0	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	0	15	25	10	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	15	10	10	0	0
Europe	220	155	65	30	20	15
France	170	130	40	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	10	0	10
Africa	195	110	80	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	55	25	35	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	100	60	40	0	0	0
Asia	115	65	50	240	100	145
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	10	20	10	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	25	25	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	15	0	215	85	135
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	15	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	10
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	189,975	94,900	95,075	9,400	4,730	4,675
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,165	1,610	1,555	785	360	425
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,945	1,360	1,585	1,365	695	665
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	183,870	91,935	91,935	7,250	3,675	3,575
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,015	1,030	990	545	235	310
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	990	540	450	395	185	215
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	540	325	215	130	95	35
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	450	215	235	270	85	180
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	915	425	490	125	40	85
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	110	55	50	10	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	189,975	94,900	95,075	9,400	4,725	4,675
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,540	1,800	1,735	550	260	290
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,265	1,680	1,580	515	245	270
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,085	535	550	355	180	170
Métis	2,140	1,145	1,000	165	60	100
Inuk (Inuit)	35	10	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	115	60	50	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	160	55	105	25	15	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	186,440	93,100	93,335	8,850	4,465	4,385
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	189,975	94,900	95,075	9,400	4,730	4,675
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	960	460	495	345	175	170
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	189,015	94,440	94,580	9,055	4,555	4,500
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	189,975	94,900	95,075	9,400	4,730	4,675
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,230	1,150	1,080	285	130	150
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,130	1,100	1,030	265	130	135
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,295	645	650	255	130	120
Métis single ancestry	805	450	355	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	35	0	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	100	50	50	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	85	50	35	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,480	2,125	2,360	425	200	225
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,395	2,075	2,325	420	200	220
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,160	1,435	1,725	240	130	110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,225	635	595	180	70	110
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	90	50	35	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	50	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	183,265	91,625	91,640	8,690	4,390	4,300
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	189,975	94,900	95,075	9,400	4,730	4,675
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,830	890	940	490	215	270
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	70	45	25	30	20	10
Chinese	320	45	275	45	20	25
Black	705	390	315	15	15	10
Filipino	40	35	10	330	145	185
Latin American	175	75	95	10	0	10
Arab	230	135	100	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	75	45	35	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	35	25	55	15	40
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	70	35	35	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	75	45	30	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	188,140	94,005	94,135	8,910	4,510	4,400
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	189,975	94,900	95,070	9,405	4,725	4,675
North American Aboriginal origins	6,710	3,275	3,435	710	335	380
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,640	2,180	2,460	520	265	255
Inuit	60	10	50	0	10	0
Métis	2,200	1,185	1,010	210	70	140
Other North American origins	156,515	77,815	78,700	2,505	1,225	1,275
Acadian	1,050	525	530	0	0	0
American	675	335	340	190	95	95
Canadian	152,530	75,820	76,705	2,375	1,160	1,215
New Brunswicker	15	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Québécois	3,810	1,940	1,870	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	53,635	26,700	26,935	7,450	3,775	3,680
British Isles origins	8,865	4,250	4,615	4,955	2,480	2,475
Channel Islander	85	45	45	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,820	880	940	2,960	1,460	1,500
Irish	5,205	2,450	2,750	1,725	805	920
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish	2,530	1,180	1,350	2,525	1,295	1,225
Welsh	40	15	25	180	110	75
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	150	65	80	70	35	35
French origins	47,140	23,605	23,530	1,160	520	635
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	260	150	110	0	0	0
Corsican	15	0	10	0	0	0
French	47,035	23,540	23,495	1,155	520	635
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,160	1,040	1,115	3,240	1,570	1,670
Austrian	10	10	0	95	35	55
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belgian	445	205	245	140	75	70
Dutch	215	105	105	365	180	180
Flemish	20	10	10	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,295	630	665	2,740	1,330	1,405
Luxembourger	45	15	25	55	30	25
Swiss	285	130	155	65	25	40
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	155	75	80	1,855	1,055	805
Danish	20	10	15	280	110	170
Finnish	25	10	10	65	35	25
Icelandic	10	10	0	40	25	15
Norwegian	55	25	35	1,180	695	485
Swedish	20	10	15	445	235	210
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	20	10	45	30	0
Eastern European origins	330	185	150	1,300	640	660
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	35	25	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	0	15	15	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	10	20	45	10	35
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	15	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	135	70	60	340	135	205
Romanian	50	25	30	75	35	40
Russian	40	30	10	380	195	185
Slovak	10	0	0	25	15	10
Ukrainian	75	50	25	515	270	250
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,405	700	705	110	35	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	15	0	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	95	20	75	10	0	10
Italian	910	480	430	60	25	40
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	125	50	70	0	0	0
Serbian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	340	185	150	35	15	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	265	150	115	20	20	10
Basque	60	30	30	10	10	0
Jewish	50	35	15	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	150	70	75	10	0	10
Caribbean origins	295	135	160	10	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	35	20	15	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	195	95	100	0	10	0
Jamaican	10	0	0	0	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	40	15	20	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	325	140	190	40	25	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	65	40	25	0	0	0
Colombian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	10	0	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	55	20	35	25	15	10
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	10
Panamanian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salvadorean	20	0	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	15	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	830	490	340	20	15	10
Central and West African origins	285	170	115	0	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	65	50	15	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	50	30	20	0	0	0
North African origins	300	175	125	0	0	0
Algerian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Berber	30	20	10	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	180	105	80	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	50	30	20	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	145	70	70	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	40	25	15	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	45	20	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	55	30	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	115	80	30	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	100	65	35	15	10	0
Asian origins	895	400	495	480	215	265
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	270	155	110	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Armenian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	120	65	55	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tajik	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	55	30	25	35	20	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	40	20	25	35	20	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	575	215	360	445	195	250
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese	405	110	295	60	25	40
Filipino	55	45	10	325	145	185
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	40	25	55	15	40
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	35	15	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	30	20	10	40	25	10
Australian	25	25	0	20	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	10	15	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	89,835	...	...	4,180	...	...
Owner	63,325	...	...	3,345	...	...
Renter	26,510	...	...	790	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	89,835	...	...	4,185	...	...
Condominium	4,960	...	...	85	...	...
Not condominium	84,875	...	...	4,095	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	89,835	...	...	4,180	...	...
No bedrooms	490	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	10,255	...	...	290	...	...
2 bedrooms	23,800	...	...	910	...	...
3 bedrooms	30,330	...	...	1,415	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	24,955	...	...	1,560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	89,835	...	...	4,180	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	24,190	...	...	605	...	...
5 rooms	13,860	...	...	590	...	...
6 rooms	12,855	...	...	690	...	...
7 rooms	12,510	...	...	565	...	...
8 or more rooms	26,420	...	...	1,735	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	89,835	...	...	4,185	...	...
One person or fewer per room	89,670	...	...	4,155	...	...
More than 1 person per room	160	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	89,830	...	...	4,185	...	...
Suitable	88,855	...	...	4,090	...	...
Not suitable	980	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	89,835	...	...	4,180	...	...
1960 or before	30,550	...	...	1,650	...	...
1961 to 1980	27,905	...	...	1,380	...	...
1981 to 1990	12,570	...	...	545	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,620	...	...	200	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,040	...	...	105	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,055	...	...	145	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	4,090	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	89,830	...	...	4,180	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	83,570	...	...	3,680	...	...
Major repairs needed	6,265	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	89,835	...	...	4,185	...	...
1 household maintainer	58,760	...	...	2,670	...	...
2 household maintainers	30,560	...	...	1,485	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	505	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	89,830	...	...	4,180	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,890	...	...	160	...	...
25 to 34 years	10,095	...	...	495	...	...
35 to 44 years	12,130	...	...	515	...	...
45 to 54 years	15,100	...	...	690	...	...
55 to 64 years	22,015	...	...	975	...	...
65 to 74 years	17,290	...	...	715	...	...
75 to 84 years	7,960	...	...	405	...	...
85 years and over	2,345	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	88,595	...	...	3,255	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	75,030	...	...	2,820	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	13,565	...	...	440	...	...
30% to less than 100%	12,395	...	...	425	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	62,270	...	...	2,520	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.6	...	...	43.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.6	...	...	9.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	661	...	...	561	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	787	...	...	763	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,451	...	...	160,535	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	168,853	...	...	202,611	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	26,365	...	...	760	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.2	...	...	10.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.8	...	...	27.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	557	...	...	701	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	602	...	...	721	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	161,580	80,255	81,330	7,765	3,905	3,860
No certificate, diploma or degree	38,540	20,565	17,975	1,785	1,060	730
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	32,515	14,485	18,030	2,465	1,340	1,120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90,525	45,200	45,325	3,510	1,505	2,005
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35,930	22,875	13,050	810	530	275
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	26,205	15,180	11,030	370	200	165
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	9,720	7,695	2,025	440	335	110
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	28,435	11,745	16,695	1,390	410	980
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,270	1,835	3,440	365	160	200
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20,890	8,750	12,140	950	400	545
Bachelor's degree	14,860	5,785	9,080	760	310	450
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,735	830	905	55	25	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	630	295	330	35	25	10
Master's degree	3,055	1,445	1,610	85	35	50
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	610	395	210	10	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	102,065	50,815	51,255	4,880	2,460	2,425
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,655	9,420	7,230	685	475	210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,615	8,065	9,550	1,635	900	740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	67,800	33,335	34,470	2,560	1,080	1,475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	28,045	17,445	10,600	590	400	190
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	20,700	11,645	9,050	260	155	105
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	7,345	5,800	1,550	330	250	85
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,265	8,475	11,790	1,050	290	755
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,280	1,190	2,090	200	100	95
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,205	6,225	9,985	725	290	440
Bachelor's degree	11,600	4,220	7,380	590	235	355
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,185	465	720	30	0	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	525	210	315	35	25	10
Master's degree	2,440	1,070	1,370	60	15	45
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	455	255	200	10	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	161,580	80,250	81,330	7,765	3,905	3,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	71,055	35,050	36,005	4,250	2,400	1,850
Education	9,000	2,045	6,955	435	105	320
13. Education	9,000	2,045	6,950	430	110	325
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,980	745	1,230	60	30	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	295	210	85	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,685	535	1,145	55	20	30
Humanities	3,290	1,455	1,835	105	55	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	205	15	180	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	15	30	30	15	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,760	780	980	20	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	170	105	65	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	260	135	125	35	15	20
54. History	260	195	65	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	595	215	380	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,725	1,395	3,330	160	35	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	20	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	450	155	290	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,510	75	1,435	50	10	45
22. Legal professions and studies	590	180	415	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	195	35	160	10	0	10
42. Psychology	820	235	585	10	0	15
45. Social sciences	1,110	695	415	50	25	25
Business, management and public administration	18,175	5,140	13,040	565	90	470
30.16 Accounting and computer science	40	10	35	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,405	230	1,175	60	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	16,735	4,905	11,835	490	80	410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,425	1,275	1,150	45	15	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	975	485	495	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	220	125	95	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	505	210	300	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	575	385	190	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	145	75	70	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,795	1,170	625	90	35	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,460	1,040	420	70	30	40
25. Library science	170	40	130	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	140	70	70	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	25	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	22,595	21,460	1,135	745	700	45
04. Architecture and related services	595	340	260	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,365	1,225	140	80	65	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,885	3,570	310	140	130	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	5,700	5,590	110	155	150	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	6,340	6,165	175	270	255	15
48. Precision production	4,700	4,560	140	105	100	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	4,915	3,720	1,200	365	280	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,720	1,860	855	325	255	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,200	1,860	345	40	20	20
Health and related fields	12,905	2,170	10,740	750	95	655
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	825	450	375	50	10	30
51. Health professions and related programs	11,920	1,635	10,285	700	80	620
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	160	80	75	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	8,680	4,615	4,065	205	60	145
12. Personal and culinary services	4,965	1,175	3,790	140	35	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,135	935	195	45	20	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,555	2,480	80	20	0	10
Other	35	10	30	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	35	10	25	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	102,065	50,815	51,250	4,880	2,460	2,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,265	17,485	16,780	2,320	1,375	945
Education	5,455	1,100	4,360	270	60	210
13. Education	5,455	1,100	4,360	270	60	210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,515	565	955	40	15	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	225	160	65	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,295	405	890	35	10	30
Humanities	1,895	830	1,060	65	35	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	160	15	150	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	25	25	15	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	950	465	485	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	55	20	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	35	60	20	0	10
54. History	195	130	65	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	375	120	260	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,695	1,010	2,690	150	35	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	0	35	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	350	110	240	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,240	65	1,170	45	10	35
22. Legal professions and studies	425	100	325	25	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	120	20	100	10	0	10
42. Psychology	645	180	470	10	0	15
45. Social sciences	885	540	350	45	30	20
Business, management and public administration	14,405	3,750	10,650	435	55	380
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,115	170	950	50	10	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	13,270	3,575	9,700	375	40	325
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,605	840	765	45	20	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	780	375	405	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	155	90	65	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	95	45	50	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	450	275	170	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	130	60	65	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,470	970	500	80	25	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,255	890	365	65	25	40
25. Library science	125	30	100	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	35	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	17,190	16,255	930	560	535	30
04. Architecture and related services	475	260	215	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,100	965	135	65	55	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,995	2,755	235	115	110	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,140	4,055	90	105	110	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,755	4,630	125	200	190	0
48. Precision production	3,725	3,590	130	75	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,970	2,930	1,035	250	185	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,165	1,440	715	225	180	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,805	1,490	315	30	10	20
Health and related fields	9,670	1,550	8,120	490	65	425
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	615	330	285	35	10	25
51. Health professions and related programs	8,925	1,165	7,760	455	50	400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	130	55	75	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	6,885	3,505	3,375	175	60	115
12. Personal and culinary services	4,020	870	3,155	120	30	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	830	680	150	35	15	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,020	1,945	70	20	10	15
Other	35	10	25	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	35	15	20	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	161,580	80,250	81,330	7,765	3,910	3,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	71,055	35,050	36,010	4,250	2,400	1,850
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	90,525	45,200	45,325	3,510	1,505	2,010
Location of study inside Canada	89,375	44,575	44,805	3,155	1,345	1,810
Same as province or territory of residence	87,855	43,765	44,095	1,985	885	1,100
Different than province or territory of residence	1,520	805	710	1,170	460	710
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,145	625	520	360	160	200
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	200	120	80	95	45	50
Philippines	20	25	0	150	65	85
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	40	20	20	20	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	15	10	10	0
France	510	295	215	0	0	0
Other	355	160	195	75	30	45
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	102,065	50,815	51,255	4,880	2,460	2,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,270	17,485	16,785	2,320	1,375	945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	67,800	33,330	34,465	2,560	1,085	1,475
Location of study inside Canada	66,945	32,885	34,060	2,280	965	1,315
Same as province or territory of residence	66,040	32,445	33,595	1,365	605	765
Different than province or territory of residence	905	435	470	910	355	550
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	855	445	410	280	120	160
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	115	70	40	75	30	45
Philippines	25	25	0	125	50	75
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	15	20	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	10	10	10	0
France	375	200	175	0	0	0
Other	295	130	165	55	20	35
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	161,585	80,250	81,330	7,765	3,910	3,855
In the labour force	94,575	49,660	44,915	5,610	3,050	2,555
Employed	86,100	43,820	42,280	5,375	2,905	2,475
Unemployed	8,475	5,840	2,635	230	150	85
Not in the labour force	67,005	30,590	36,415	2,155	855	1,305
Participation rate	58.5	61.9	55.2	72.2	78.0	66.3
Employment rate	53.3	54.6	52.0	69.2	74.3	64.2
Unemployment rate	9.0	11.8	5.9	4.1	4.9	3.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	161,585	80,255	81,330	7,765	3,905	3,860
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	60,720	27,285	33,435	1,720	670	1,050
Worked	100,860	52,965	47,895	6,045	3,240	2,805
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	45,450	24,675	20,780	3,210	1,900	1,310
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	55,410	28,295	27,115	2,830	1,335	1,495
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.2	40.8	41.5	43.8	44.5	42.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	94,575	49,660	44,910	5,610	3,050	2,560
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,765	1,055	710	40	20	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	92,805	48,605	44,200	5,570	3,035	2,535
Employee	82,565	42,490	40,080	3,555	1,735	1,820
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10,240	6,120	4,120	2,015	1,295	720
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	94,575	49,665	44,910	5,610	3,050	2,555
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,765	1,055	710	40	20	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	92,810	48,610	44,195	5,570	3,030	2,535
0 Management occupations	8,800	5,630	3,170	1,700	1,170	530
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,550	3,235	9,315	550	95	460
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,420	3,340	1,085	145	100	45
3 Health occupations	7,565	1,265	6,295	335	50	285
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	11,295	2,920	8,370	380	65	310
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,735	710	1,025	80	10	65
6 Sales and service occupations	21,545	8,825	12,715	795	220	575
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	15,290	14,800	485	725	655	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,080	3,440	635	680	510	175
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,535	4,440	1,095	180	160	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	94,575	49,660	44,910	5,605	3,050	2,555
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,765	1,055	710	35	20	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	92,805	48,605	44,200	5,570	3,035	2,535
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	6,220	4,750	1,470	1,890	1,305	580
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	825	715	110	320	300	25
22 Utilities	685	550	135	55	35	20
23 Construction	5,800	5,225	570	280	230	50
31-33 Manufacturing	10,300	8,180	2,115	195	150	50
41 Wholesale trade	2,195	1,760	440	130	90	45
44-45 Retail trade	12,145	5,765	6,380	445	185	260
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,180	3,390	790	150	105	45
51 Information and cultural industries	1,995	1,225	775	20	0	25
52 Finance and insurance	2,090	595	1,495	140	30	110
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	895	545	350	50	15	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,530	1,630	1,895	125	45	85
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	10	30	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,665	1,765	900	110	65	50
61 Educational services	7,235	2,160	5,080	310	80	230
62 Health care and social assistance	13,920	2,420	11,500	505	65	435
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,325	720	605	140	70	70
72 Accommodation and food services	6,300	2,080	4,215	255	75	175
81 Other services (except public administration)	5,165	2,360	2,805	210	110	100
91 Public administration	5,305	2,765	2,540	245	90	155
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	86,100	43,820	42,280	5,375	2,900	2,475
Worked at home	6,560	3,165	3,395	1,710	1,070	645
Worked outside Canada	90	75	20	0	0	10
No fixed workplace address	7,060	5,445	1,610	635	485	155
Worked at usual place	72,390	35,135	37,250	3,025	1,355	1,670
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	72,390	35,135	37,255	3,025	1,350	1,670
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	41,725	19,530	22,195	1,635	745	890
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	18,820	9,010	9,805	960	425	540
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	11,375	6,300	5,075	360	155	210
Commute to a different province or territory	465	285	180	65	30	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	79,445	40,580	38,865	3,660	1,835	1,825
Car, truck, van - as a driver	68,155	35,135	33,020	3,045	1,590	1,455
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,880	1,260	1,620	80	40	40
Public transit	645	375	275	35	15	25
Walked	6,090	2,700	3,390	400	150	245
Bicycle	620	460	155	55	25	30
Other method	1,055	650	400	45	15	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	79,445	40,580	38,865	3,655	1,835	1,825
Less than 15 minutes	44,775	21,625	23,150	2,260	1,115	1,145
15 to 29 minutes	22,250	11,405	10,845	745	415	330
30 to 44 minutes	7,495	4,175	3,320	355	150	205
45 to 59 minutes	2,310	1,360	955	160	80	80
60 minutes and over	2,615	2,015	595	150	75	65
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	79,445	40,580	38,865	3,660	1,835	1,825
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,280	3,155	1,120	210	160	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	12,015	8,610	3,400	795	520	275
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	29,515	14,385	15,125	970	570	405
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	17,545	6,505	11,045	1,005	385	615
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,055	1,640	3,415	395	110	290
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	11,040	6,275	4,760	280	90	195
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	103,335	54,225	49,115	6,160	3,295	2,860
Single responses	101,930	53,370	48,555	6,150	3,295	2,860
Official languages	101,925	53,370	48,550	6,135	3,285	2,850
English	1,130	695	435	6,130	3,285	2,845
French	100,795	52,680	48,120	0	0	0
Non-official languages	10	0	0	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,410	855	555	0	0	0
English and French	1,390	845	540	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	103,335	54,225	49,115	6,160	3,295	2,865
None	92,810	47,880	44,930	6,075	3,265	2,810
English	9,665	5,825	3,840	0	0	0
French	720	450	270	0	0	10
Non-official language	80	45	35	80	35	45
Aboriginal	10	10	0	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	75	40	35	60	30	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	188,220	93,950	94,270	9,300	4,665	4,640
Non-movers	170,895	85,470	85,425	8,255	4,125	4,135
Movers	17,325	8,480	8,840	1,045	535	505
Non-migrants	9,775	4,835	4,935	435	215	220
Migrants	7,550	3,645	3,910	610	320	285
Internal migrants	7,330	3,530	3,800	535	285	245
Intraprovincial migrants	7,135	3,415	3,725	345	190	160
Interprovincial migrants	195	115	80	185	100	80
External migrants	215	115	105	80	35	40
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	180,835	90,280	90,555	8,855	4,445	4,415
Non-movers	128,770	64,715	64,055	6,260	3,140	3,120
Movers	52,065	25,565	26,500	2,590	1,300	1,295
Non-migrants	27,890	13,770	14,120	960	495	465
Migrants	24,180	11,795	12,385	1,630	805	820
Internal migrants	23,280	11,295	11,990	1,320	645	670
Intraprovincial migrants	22,640	10,950	11,690	755	390	370
Interprovincial migrants	635	340	295	565	260	300
External migrants	895	500	395	310	155	155

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Bas-Saint-Laurent [Economic region], Quebec and Division No. 4, CDR [Census division], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bas-Saint-Laurent [Economic region], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Bas-Saint-Laurent [Economic region], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bas-Saint-Laurent [Economic region], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan