Census Profile, 2016 Census
Tobique--Mactaquac [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Taber, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Tobique--Mactaquac New Brunswick [Federal electoral district]			Taber, T Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Tobique--Mactaquac [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick Map : Tobique--Mactaquac [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Taber, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	68,673	...	...	8,428	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	70,632	...	...	8,104	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	31,921	...	...	3,384	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	28,536	...	...	3,159	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4.7	...	...	537.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	14,568.89	...	...	15.67	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	68,670	33,635	35,040	8,430	4,155	4,275
0 to 14 years	11,210	5,635	5,575	1,855	920	935
0 to 4 years	3,475	1,710	1,765	620	305	320
5 to 9 years	3,860	1,950	1,910	660	340	315
10 to 14 years	3,875	1,975	1,905	570	275	295
15 to 64 years	44,360	21,860	22,505	5,305	2,670	2,635
15 to 19 years	4,115	2,130	1,985	620	305	315
20 to 24 years	3,190	1,560	1,625	530	280	255
25 to 29 years	3,090	1,525	1,570	520	260	265
30 to 34 years	3,650	1,710	1,940	570	295	275
35 to 39 years	4,015	1,945	2,070	545	265	275
40 to 44 years	4,440	2,230	2,205	510	260	250
45 to 49 years	4,760	2,345	2,410	460	235	225
50 to 54 years	5,590	2,720	2,865	590	295	295
55 to 59 years	5,995	2,955	3,040	520	260	260
60 to 64 years	5,520	2,740	2,780	440	215	225
65 years and over	13,100	6,140	6,960	1,270	565	705
65 to 69 years	4,895	2,425	2,470	370	180	195
70 to 74 years	3,135	1,590	1,545	285	145	140
75 to 79 years	2,175	1,015	1,160	220	90	130
80 to 84 years	1,485	630	855	175	75	100
85 years and over	1,405	480	920	220	80	140
85 to 89 years	845	310	530	135	60	70
90 to 94 years	420	135	290	60	15	40
95 to 99 years	125	35	90	25	5	20
100 years and over	15	5	10	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.3	16.8	15.9	22.0	22.1	21.9
15 to 64 years	64.6	65.0	64.2	62.9	64.3	61.6
65 years and over	19.1	18.3	19.9	15.1	13.6	16.5
85 years and over	2.0	1.4	2.6	2.6	1.9	3.3
Average age of the population	43.1	42.5	43.6	37.7	37.0	38.5
Median age of the population	45.6	45.2	46.0	36.0	35.3	36.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	28,540	...	...	3,160	...	...
Single-detached house	23,135	...	...	2,285	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	25	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,895	...	...	760	...	...
Semi-detached house	545	...	...	195	...	...
Row house	740	...	...	70	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	515	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,000	...	...	380	...	...
Other single-attached house	95	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,485	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	28,540	...	...	3,160	...	...
1 person	7,115	...	...	835	...	...
2 persons	11,630	...	...	1,050	...	...
3 persons	4,390	...	...	450	...	...
4 persons	3,585	...	...	430	...	...
5 or more persons	1,815	...	...	390	...	...
Number of persons in private households	67,775	...	...	8,220	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	57,460	28,000	29,460	6,570	3,235	3,340
Married or living common law	36,620	18,275	18,340	3,995	2,000	1,995
Married	30,260	15,130	15,130	3,480	1,740	1,740
Living common law	6,355	3,145	3,205	515	260	255
Not married and not living common law	20,845	9,720	11,120	2,575	1,240	1,345
Never married	12,150	6,705	5,440	1,585	905	675
Separated	1,715	790	930	180	70	110
Divorced	3,140	1,425	1,715	400	175	230
Widowed	3,845	810	3,035	420	85	330
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	21,135	...	...	2,260	...	...
2 persons	12,025	...	...	1,070	...	...
3 persons	4,275	...	...	435	...	...
4 persons	3,430	...	...	415	...	...
5 or more persons	1,405	...	...	345	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	21,135	...	...	2,265	...	...
Total couple families	18,080	...	...	1,950	...	...
Married couples	14,905	...	...	1,685	...	...
Common-law couples	3,180	...	...	260	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,060	...	...	315	...	...
Female parent	2,385	...	...	250	...	...
Male parent	675	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	18,075	...	...	1,945	...	...
Couples without children	10,145	...	...	890	...	...
Couples with children	7,930	...	...	1,060	...	...
1 child	3,425	...	...	345	...	...
2 children	3,180	...	...	380	...	...
3 or more children	1,330	...	...	330	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,060	...	...	315	...	...
1 child	1,875	...	...	180	...	...
2 children	850	...	...	90	...	...
3 or more children	325	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	9,660	4,590	5,070	1,215	645	570
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	28,540	...	...	3,160	...	...
One-census-family households	20,425	...	...	2,185	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,875	...	...	865	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,550	...	...	1,320	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	350	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,760	...	...	935	...	...
One-person households	7,120	...	...	835	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	645	...	...	100	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	68,010	33,400	34,615	8,315	4,120	4,195
English only	50,970	25,645	25,320	8,055	4,010	4,045
French only	1,655	770	890	5	0	5
English and French	15,315	6,945	8,370	140	65	75
Neither English nor French	75	45	35	115	45	70
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	68,010	33,400	34,615	8,315	4,120	4,195
English	56,625	27,935	28,690	8,165	4,060	4,105
French	11,155	5,345	5,810	35	15	20
English and French	160	75	80	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	70	40	30	115	40	65
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	11,235	5,385	5,850	40	15	25
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	16.5	16.1	16.9	0.5	0.4	0.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	68,010	33,400	34,610	8,315	4,120	4,195
Single responses	67,460	33,140	34,320	8,220	4,075	4,145
Official languages	65,775	32,285	33,495	6,430	3,225	3,210
English	54,645	26,960	27,685	6,385	3,210	3,180
French	11,135	5,325	5,810	45	15	30
Non-official languages	1,685	855	825	1,785	850	935
Aboriginal languages	190	85	105	5	0	10
Algonquian languages	190	85	100	10	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	185	90	100	0	0	0
Malecite	175	85	95	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,500	770	725	1,780	850	930
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	35	40	10	5	5
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	35	35	10	5	5
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	25	30	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	35	45	250	110	140
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	30	45	235	100	130
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	25	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	20	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,090	570	525	1,420	695	730
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	265	145	120	95	35	55
Baltic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	240	130	115	90	35	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	10	0	10
Czech	5	0	5	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	25	15	10
Russian	150	80	70	5	5	5
Serbian	10	10	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	10	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	540	280	260	1,275	625	650
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	45	15	25	5	5	5
Dutch	190	105	85	95	55	45
Frisian	5	5	0	10	5	0
German	280	145	135	1,160	560	600
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	5	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	35	25	25	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	45	30	15	15	5	10
Bengali	5	5	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	0	15	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	5	5	5	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	215	105	110	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	0	5	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	5	0	0
Romanian	90	45	45	0	0	0
Spanish	100	50	50	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	25	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	35	45	30	5	20
Chinese languages	85	40	45	30	10	20
Cantonese	15	10	10	20	5	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	35	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	30	15	15
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	5	10	30	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	550	260	295	100	45	55
English and French	400	190	215	5	0	0
English and non-official language	115	55	60	90	40	45
French and non-official language	20	5	15	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	68,010	33,400	34,610	8,315	4,120	4,195
Single responses	67,295	33,040	34,260	8,075	4,010	4,060
Official languages	66,550	32,630	33,915	7,220	3,600	3,620
English	57,135	28,095	29,035	7,210	3,595	3,620
French	9,415	4,535	4,880	10	5	5
Non-official languages	745	410	340	850	410	440
Aboriginal languages	30	10	20	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	30	10	15	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Malecite	30	10	15	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	720	395	325	845	410	440
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	25	20	135	70	70
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	20	120	60	65
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	495	265	225	685	335	350
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	190	100	85	30	15	15
Baltic languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	170	90	80	30	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	15	5	5
Russian	115	60	60	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	5	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	5	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	165	90	75	630	310	320
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	40	20	20	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	120	60	60	585	290	300
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	10	25	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5	20	5	10
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	10	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages	10	10	5	5	5	0
Kurdish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	55	50	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	20	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	15	0	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	30	20	10	15
Chinese languages	60	25	30	20	5	10
Cantonese	5	0	5	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	20	0	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	710	360	355	245	110	135
English and French	420	205	215	0	0	0
English and non-official language	270	140	125	240	110	135
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	5	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	68,010	33,400	34,610	8,315	4,120	4,200
None	61,855	30,535	31,320	7,380	3,665	3,710
English	3,410	1,620	1,790	455	220	235
French	1,935	870	1,065	15	5	5
Non-official language	760	355	395	470	230	235
Aboriginal	225	95	125	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	535	260	275	465	230	235
English and French	10	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	10	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	5	10	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	56,570	27,670	28,900	6,370	3,170	3,195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	53,970	26,475	27,495	6,050	3,030	3,020
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,474	36,075	24,522	36,112	49,636	25,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	53,980	26,475	27,505	6,050	3,030	3,025
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,080	32,151	23,017	33,013	43,217	24,021
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,430	23,640	22,790	5,515	2,870	2,650
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,132	33,786	22,075	35,385	48,576	22,912
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	39,805	17,615	22,185	3,680	1,435	2,240
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,005	8,731	7,356	6,747	7,920	6,236
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	38,560	20,155	18,405	4,685	2,540	2,145
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,496	34,753	23,628	36,117	49,075	24,146
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	56,755	27,760	29,000	6,370	3,170	3,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,050	26,535	27,515	6,100	3,065	3,030
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,849	43,458	30,476	45,261	56,657	33,731
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,075	26,535	27,540	6,095	3,065	3,030
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,479	36,370	26,767	38,767	47,416	30,017
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,590	23,730	22,855	5,525	2,885	2,645
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,196	41,679	28,465	44,245	55,640	31,831
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	39,865	17,605	22,265	3,665	1,390	2,280
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,830	9,316	8,446	8,586	9,689	7,916
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,725	20,175	18,550	4,685	2,540	2,145
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,576	41,422	29,218	43,057	52,826	31,467
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	56,760	27,760	28,995	6,370	3,165	3,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	18,490	10,165	8,325	2,180	1,305	880
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,192	48,852	38,593	54,270	63,089	46,364
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	50,753	56,321	43,956	60,132	68,832	47,242
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.2	85.7	77.4	88.9	92.8	82.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	69.2	72.6	64.6	73.4	78.5	64.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.8	14.3	22.6	11.2	7.3	17.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	56,570	27,670	28,900	6,365	3,165	3,200
Without total income	2,600	1,195	1,405	320	135	175
With total income	53,970	26,475	27,495	6,050	3,030	3,020
Percentage with total income	95.4	95.7	95.1	95.1	95.7	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,925	3,180	4,745	820	235	580
$10,000 to $19,999	10,250	3,895	6,355	855	290	570
$20,000 to $29,999	9,195	3,830	5,370	945	340	605
$30,000 to $39,999	7,905	3,895	4,010	670	340	325
$40,000 to $49,999	6,125	3,485	2,640	620	320	300
$50,000 to $59,999	4,080	2,640	1,435	565	315	245
$60,000 to $69,999	2,610	1,690	920	460	330	130
$70,000 to $79,999	1,930	1,100	825	295	210	80
$80,000 to $89,999	1,280	745	535	205	160	40
$90,000 to $99,999	780	545	230	165	110	50
$100,000 and over	1,895	1,465	425	460	370	90
$100,000 to $149,999	1,370	1,050	320	315	250	65
$150,000 and over	525	420	110	140	120	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	56,570	27,670	28,900	6,365	3,165	3,200
Without after-tax income	2,585	1,190	1,395	315	140	180
With after-tax income	53,985	26,480	27,505	6,055	3,030	3,020
Percentage with after-tax income	95.4	95.7	95.2	95.1	95.7	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,110	3,220	4,890	840	245	595
$10,000 to $19,999	10,890	4,150	6,740	880	295	585
$20,000 to $29,999	10,995	4,760	6,230	1,055	390	670
$30,000 to $39,999	9,265	4,965	4,305	825	435	395
$40,000 to $49,999	6,170	3,780	2,390	795	445	350
$50,000 to $59,999	3,490	2,255	1,240	590	415	180
$60,000 to $69,999	2,210	1,250	960	360	265	90
$70,000 to $79,999	1,150	775	375	225	165	60
$80,000 and over	1,710	1,330	380	480	375	105
$80,000 to $89,999	575	445	130	180	120	55
$90,000 to $99,999	360	285	75	80	70	10
$100,000 and over	775	600	175	230	185	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	56,565	27,670	28,900	6,365	3,165	3,200
Without employment income	18,005	7,515	10,495	1,685	630	1,055
With employment income	38,565	20,155	18,405	4,680	2,540	2,145
Percentage with employment income	68.2	72.8	63.7	73.5	80.3	67.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,185	2,435	2,755	585	240	345
$5,000 to $9,999	3,360	1,395	1,970	350	125	225
$10,000 to $19,999	5,795	2,625	3,165	565	225	340
$20,000 to $29,999	5,675	2,475	3,205	550	205	350
$30,000 to $39,999	4,995	2,545	2,450	480	260	220
$40,000 to $49,999	4,145	2,450	1,695	470	235	235
$50,000 to $59,999	2,830	1,900	930	445	265	180
$60,000 to $69,999	1,920	1,250	665	340	250	90
$70,000 to $79,999	1,605	860	750	240	190	50
$80,000 and over	3,060	2,230	825	655	540	120
$80,000 to $89,999	1,000	610	395	160	130	30
$90,000 to $99,999	600	440	160	150	100	45
$100,000 and over	1,460	1,185	275	350	305	45
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	28,540	...	...	3,160	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	57,036	...	...	73,894	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	51,210	...	...	64,971	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,115	...	...	835	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,444	...	...	37,803	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,075	...	...	33,984	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	21,420	...	...	2,320	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,643	...	...	88,087	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,723	...	...	77,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	28,555	...	...	3,160	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,745	...	...	87,339	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,608	...	...	74,809	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,095	...	...	835	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,973	...	...	46,588	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,597	...	...	39,871	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	21,465	...	...	2,320	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,562	...	...	101,990	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,521	...	...	87,369	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	28,535	...	...	3,160	...	...
Under $5,000	335	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	630	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	635	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,700	...	...	75	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,465	...	...	155	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,480	...	...	120	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,750	...	...	115	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,590	...	...	125	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,450	...	...	115	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,380	...	...	125	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,605	...	...	275	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,325	...	...	285	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,045	...	...	240	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,820	...	...	230	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,455	...	...	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,870	...	...	985	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,505	...	...	395	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,485	...	...	220	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,260	...	...	210	...	...
$200,000 and over	620	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	28,535	...	...	3,160	...	...
Under $5,000	350	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	630	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	650	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,765	...	...	75	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,645	...	...	175	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,695	...	...	120	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,935	...	...	140	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,850	...	...	140	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,670	...	...	145	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,670	...	...	175	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,055	...	...	345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,670	...	...	300	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,230	...	...	300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,750	...	...	260	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,275	...	...	200	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,695	...	...	680	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,050	...	...	315	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	885	...	...	155	...	...
$150,000 and over	765	...	...	205	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	21,015	...	...	2,260	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,468	...	...	87,136	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,556	...	...	76,233	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,655	...	...	850	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,166	...	...	80,555	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,815	...	...	70,656	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,010	...	...	1,065	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,364	...	...	100,480	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,046	...	...	87,392	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,855	...	...	295	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,084	...	...	54,688	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,793	...	...	50,752	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	21,085	...	...	2,250	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,128	...	...	100,871	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,120	...	...	86,397	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,645	...	...	860	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,787	...	...	96,822	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,537	...	...	82,803	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,100	...	...	1,060	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,056	...	...	115,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,127	...	...	97,971	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,815	...	...	285	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,532	...	...	59,878	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,571	...	...	54,493	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,475	4,070	4,405	1,060	550	505
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,097	27,814	23,538	36,078	46,592	27,354
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,756	25,551	22,898	32,896	40,192	26,432
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	8,450	4,090	4,355	1,095	565	540
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,252	35,469	31,170	44,547	51,985	36,709
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,960	30,349	27,655	38,161	43,150	32,903
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	67,770	33,300	34,470	8,220	4,085	4,135
In the bottom half of the distribution	43,055	20,755	22,305	4,390	2,090	2,305
In the bottom decile	7,455	3,460	3,995	495	225	265
In the second decile	10,190	4,675	5,510	905	405	495
In the third decile	9,045	4,430	4,610	990	470	520
In the fourth decile	8,745	4,390	4,355	990	490	500
In the fifth decile	7,625	3,790	3,840	1,020	500	525
In the top half of the distribution	24,715	12,545	12,170	3,825	1,995	1,830
In the sixth decile	6,945	3,495	3,445	945	485	460
In the seventh decile	6,325	3,215	3,105	840	455	380
In the eighth decile	5,225	2,655	2,570	705	350	350
In the ninth decile	3,880	1,975	1,900	670	340	330
In the top decile	2,345	1,200	1,140	665	355	310
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	66,475	32,665	33,815	8,220	4,085	4,135
0 to 17 years	13,345	6,745	6,600	2,225	1,090	1,135
0 to 5 years	4,070	2,005	2,070	755	370	385
18 to 64 years	40,790	20,010	20,775	4,900	2,480	2,420
65 years and over	12,345	5,910	6,440	1,095	515	580
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,470	5,705	6,765	940	420	515
0 to 17 years	3,200	1,570	1,630	355	180	170
0 to 5 years	1,095	550	545	140	75	70
18 to 64 years	6,370	2,940	3,425	490	210	275
65 years and over	2,905	1,195	1,710	90	20	70
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.8	17.5	20.0	11.4	10.3	12.5
0 to 17 years (%)	24.0	23.3	24.7	16.0	16.5	15.0
0 to 5 years (%)	26.9	27.4	26.3	18.5	20.3	18.2
18 to 64 years (%)	15.6	14.7	16.5	10.0	8.5	11.4
65 years and over (%)	23.5	20.2	26.6	8.2	3.9	12.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,325	1,635	1,685	310	140	170
0 to 17 years	740	355	385	100	50	50
0 to 5 years	260	120	135	35	15	15
18 to 64 years	2,410	1,200	1,210	190	80	110
65 years and over	175	80	95	20	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.0	5.0	5.0	3.8	3.4	4.1
0 to 17 years (%)	5.5	5.3	5.8	4.5	4.6	4.4
0 to 5 years (%)	6.4	6.0	6.5	4.6	4.1	3.9
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	6.0	5.8	3.9	3.2	4.5
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.8	1.0	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	68,035	33,390	34,645	8,220	4,085	4,135
Official languages	67,915	33,315	34,605	8,100	4,025	4,075
English	66,230	32,525	33,700	8,100	4,025	4,075
French	17,155	7,725	9,435	160	70	95
Non-official languages	2,765	1,335	1,430	2,225	1,015	1,215
Aboriginal languages	420	200	220	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	420	200	220	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	420	200	220	0	0	0
Malecite	405	200	210	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,345	1,135	1,210	2,220	1,015	1,210
Afro-Asiatic languages	235	90	145	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	235	90	145	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	150	50	100	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	85	40	45	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	10	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	20	10	15	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	135	60	80	300	135	160
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	25	15	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	55	70	295	135	165
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	35	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	35	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	45	20	20	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,730	830	900	1,755	800	945
Albanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	340	190	145	125	50	75
Baltic languages	35	25	15	0	10	0
Latvian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	310	175	140	120	45	75
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	20	30	35	10	25
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	25	10	10
Russian	180	90	90	10	10	0
Serbian	40	35	10	15	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	0	15	25	10	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	0	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	0	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	760	375	380	1,550	710	835
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	80	25	55	15	0	10
Dutch	290	150	140	105	50	50
Frisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
German	410	210	200	1,345	600	745
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	205	115	95
Greek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	55	50	35	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	75	35	40	35	15	20
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	40	15	25	30	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	10
Marathi	20	0	15	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iranian languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	15	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	565	260	305	165	115	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	15	20	10	0	10
Portuguese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	85	35	40	0	0	0
Spanish	425	190	235	155	105	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	0	30	10	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	10	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	75	40	30	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	60	40	20	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	40	60	65	25	40
Chinese languages	100	40	60	65	25	40
Cantonese	10	0	0	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	95	40	55	25	10	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	10	35	15	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	35	15	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	68,035	33,390	34,650	8,220	4,085	4,135
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	66,390	32,640	33,745	7,750	3,875	3,875
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,570	6,790	6,780	2,105	1,060	1,045
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	52,820	25,850	26,970	5,645	2,820	2,830
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,650	750	900	470	210	260
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	68,035	33,385	34,645	8,220	4,085	4,135
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	64,705	31,850	32,860	6,650	3,355	3,300
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,055	1,370	1,680	1,465	695	775
Before 1981	1,180	530	655	330	150	180
1981 to 1990	280	115	165	165	85	80
1991 to 2000	335	145	190	265	135	125
2001 to 2010	715	310	410	350	150	195
2001 to 2005	245	105	135	165	50	115
2006 to 2010	475	200	270	185	105	80
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	545	275	270	355	165	190
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	275	170	105	100	35	60
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,055	1,370	1,680	1,465	695	775
Under 5 years	535	235	300	230	125	105
5 to 14 years	620	275	345	410	205	210
15 to 24 years	545	230	315	305	120	180
25 to 44 years	1,065	490	570	475	230	250
45 years and over	285	140	145	45	15	30
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,055	1,370	1,680	1,470	695	775
Americas	1,300	565	730	785	395	390
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	35	10	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	15	660	350	305
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,175	505	670	55	25	35
Other places of birth in Americas	45	25	25	65	20	45
Europe	1,185	565	620	290	120	170
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	10	0	10
Croatia	20	0	15	40	0	35
France	25	10	15	0	0	0
Germany	190	70	120	30	0	25
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Italy	15	10	10	0	10	0
Netherlands	260	155	110	90	45	50
Poland	25	10	15	10	0	10
Portugal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	55	30	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	20	30	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	20	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	380	190	195	75	50	30
Other places of birth in Europe	100	35	65	25	0	20
Africa	120	40	80	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	25	45	10	10	10
Asia	425	185	240	380	165	215
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	50	20	35	30	10	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	45	25	20	20	0	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	10	10	10	10
Lebanon	10	10	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	120	35	80	280	130	150
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	20	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	40	40	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	540	275	265	360	170	195
Americas	90	45	40	90	45	45
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	70	30	40
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	35	35	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	15	0	10
Europe	220	120	100	10	0	10
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	25	15	10	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	25	20	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	35	20	15	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	20	35	0	0	0
Africa	25	10	15	0	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	210	100	110	255	120	135
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	15	10	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	20	15	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	70	20	50	230	110	120
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	15	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	68,035	33,385	34,645	8,220	4,085	4,135
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,715	1,730	1,980	1,635	765	870
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,970	2,415	2,555	1,995	990	1,010
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	59,345	29,240	30,110	4,590	2,330	2,260
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,925	865	1,060	1,140	545	595
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,190	580	615	535	275	255
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	505	370	130	175	130	45
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	685	210	480	360	150	205
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	670	240	425	425	180	245
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	65	40	20	135	60	75
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	40	30	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	68,035	33,390	34,645	8,220	4,085	4,135
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,250	1,565	1,685	230	95	130
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,090	1,520	1,570	220	95	125
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,310	1,085	1,220	60	40	25
Métis	755	415	340	150	60	90
Inuk (Inuit)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	10	10	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	140	35	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	64,785	31,825	32,965	7,995	3,990	4,005
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	68,035	33,390	34,650	8,220	4,085	4,135
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,005	940	1,065	30	30	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	66,035	32,445	33,585	8,185	4,055	4,135
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	68,035	33,390	34,650	8,220	4,085	4,135
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,445	725	720	40	25	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,430	720	710	35	25	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,275	630	645	10	10	0
Métis single ancestry	140	85	55	30	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,245	1,510	1,735	315	135	180
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,150	1,455	1,690	310	140	175
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,450	1,180	1,270	165	65	100
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	650	245	405	145	70	75
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	30	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	100	55	45	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	55	45	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	63,345	31,155	32,190	7,870	3,925	3,940
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	68,035	33,385	34,645	8,220	4,085	4,135
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,045	515	530	725	340	390
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	115	65	55	50	25	30
Chinese	130	45	90	90	35	55
Black	320	175	140	10	0	0
Filipino	160	65	95	300	130	165
Latin American	95	55	40	30	0	20
Arab	65	20	50	0	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	45	30	15	30	15	20
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	10	15	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	180	100	80
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	40	30	10	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	66,995	32,875	34,115	7,495	3,745	3,750
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	68,035	33,390	34,650	8,220	4,085	4,135
North American Aboriginal origins	4,695	2,235	2,460	355	160	195
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,840	1,870	1,970	180	75	105
Inuit	60	30	30	0	0	0
Métis	905	385	520	180	85	95
Other North American origins	38,385	18,850	19,535	2,225	1,090	1,135
Acadian	660	290	370	10	0	0
American	1,025	490	535	155	60	95
Canadian	37,545	18,440	19,105	2,135	1,070	1,065
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	40	10	35	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	40,935	20,045	20,885	6,380	3,185	3,195
British Isles origins	32,665	16,005	16,665	3,125	1,600	1,525
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	19,055	9,265	9,785	1,840	925	915
Irish	13,535	6,470	7,060	1,175	585	590
Manx	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	14,110	6,865	7,245	1,335	690	645
Welsh	1,310	660	645	130	60	70
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,135	560	570	70	35	30
French origins	11,270	5,410	5,860	550	285	265
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	11,265	5,410	5,855	555	285	270
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,645	2,790	2,855	3,510	1,655	1,850
Austrian	80	50	30	55	15	40
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	145	75	70	30	10	20
Dutch	2,255	1,165	1,090	810	385	420
Flemish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,385	1,635	1,755	2,805	1,335	1,475
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	150	65	85	70	35	40
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,530	780	755	980	510	465
Danish	960	485	480	375	205	175
Finnish	75	45	30	20	0	15
Icelandic	15	10	10	155	95	65
Norwegian	235	130	105	325	190	140
Swedish	170	85	90	285	155	130
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	105	35	65	55	35	20
Eastern European origins	1,165	545	625	1,585	810	770
Bulgarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	30	15	15	100	45	50
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	50	15	30
Estonian	0	0	10	10	0	0
Hungarian	130	65	70	290	145	140
Latvian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	50	30	20	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	335	135	195	385	220	170
Romanian	110	50	60	75	30	45
Russian	300	125	175	440	215	225
Slovak	10	10	0	30	10	15
Ukrainian	320	165	155	555	320	235
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,135	565	570	375	165	210
Albanian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	25	15	10	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	65	30	35	65	20	55
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	95	30	60	10	0	10
Italian	660	300	355	170	70	100
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	75	65	10	0	10
Serbian	40	35	10	20	10	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	110	70	45	45	35	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	40	20	25
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	190	105	80	20	15	0
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	125	65	60	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	60	40	20	15	15	0
Caribbean origins	175	110	65	0	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	15	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	95	60	30	10	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	10	0	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	195	80	115	480	245	230
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	15	0	20	10	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chilean	25	0	25	0	0	0
Colombian	45	15	25	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	80	30	45	450	235	215
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	300	120	185	30	20	15
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	125	40	85	20	10	0
Algerian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Libyan	70	25	45	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	0	10	10	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	0	10	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	160	80	90	15	0	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	10	10	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	150	70	80	10	0	10
Asian origins	810	385	425	730	350	380
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	285	140	145	15	10	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	30	10	20	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	20	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	160	80	80	10	0	10
Palestinian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	130	70	60	60	35	30
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	115	55	55	50	30	20
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	375	170	205	655	305	345
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	135	45	90	100	40	65
Filipino	180	80	95	340	155	185
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	185	100	95
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	10	15	10	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	10	10	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	45	20	25	10	0	0
Australian	15	0	10	0	10	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	28,555	...	...	3,155	...	...
Owner	23,000	...	...	2,385	...	...
Renter	5,345	...	...	775	...	...
Band housing	215	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	28,560	...	...	3,160	...	...
Condominium	510	...	...	225	...	...
Not condominium	28,045	...	...	2,930	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	28,555	...	...	3,160	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	1,775	...	...	220	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,390	...	...	615	...	...
3 bedrooms	11,865	...	...	965	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,495	...	...	1,355	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	28,555	...	...	3,160	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,665	...	...	500	...	...
5 rooms	5,240	...	...	455	...	...
6 rooms	5,160	...	...	420	...	...
7 rooms	4,245	...	...	515	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,240	...	...	1,260	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	28,555	...	...	3,160	...	...
One person or fewer per room	28,385	...	...	3,130	...	...
More than 1 person per room	175	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	28,560	...	...	3,155	...	...
Suitable	27,815	...	...	3,100	...	...
Not suitable	745	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	28,560	...	...	3,160	...	...
1960 or before	7,170	...	...	685	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,800	...	...	1,150	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,485	...	...	415	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,040	...	...	440	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,760	...	...	115	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,065	...	...	195	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,245	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	28,555	...	...	3,160	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	25,690	...	...	2,965	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,870	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	28,560	...	...	3,160	...	...
1 household maintainer	17,275	...	...	2,065	...	...
2 household maintainers	10,945	...	...	1,040	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	335	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	28,560	...	...	3,160	...	...
15 to 24 years	655	...	...	145	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,200	...	...	515	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,480	...	...	600	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,565	...	...	650	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,500	...	...	525	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,885	...	...	390	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,530	...	...	245	...	...
85 years and over	745	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	27,590	...	...	3,140	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	23,750	...	...	2,530	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,835	...	...	610	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,470	...	...	570	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	22,405	...	...	2,385	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.0	...	...	67.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.6	...	...	14.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	616	...	...	1,215	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	770	...	...	1,219	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	128,640	...	...	250,464	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,331	...	...	264,436	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,275	...	...	775	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.1	...	...	18.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.3	...	...	36.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	627	...	...	882	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	657	...	...	947	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	56,755	27,760	29,000	6,365	3,170	3,200
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,575	6,825	5,750	2,020	1,045	980
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,040	8,745	9,300	2,160	1,120	1,040
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,145	12,190	13,950	2,190	1,010	1,180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,480	3,965	1,520	560	405	160
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,025	1,825	1,200	155	80	80
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,455	2,135	315	405	330	80
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,895	4,760	7,135	1,030	350	685
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	980	345	635	45	20	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,790	3,120	4,665	550	235	310
Bachelor's degree	5,655	2,190	3,470	435	155	280
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	490	165	325	20	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	200	90	110	25	15	10
Master's degree	1,250	565	690	50	35	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	190	115	75	15	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	37,070	18,140	18,925	4,145	2,080	2,070
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,055	3,085	1,965	1,060	555	500
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,285	6,105	6,185	1,375	720	655
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,730	8,950	10,775	1,715	800	915
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,770	2,700	1,070	415	305	110
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,100	1,245	855	95	55	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,670	1,455	215	320	250	70
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,135	3,655	5,485	810	285	525
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	670	255	415	35	15	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,145	2,340	3,805	455	200	260
Bachelor's degree	4,520	1,720	2,800	365	140	225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	370	105	265	15	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	150	60	95	30	20	10
Master's degree	960	380	580	35	25	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	140	80	60	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	56,755	27,760	29,000	6,365	3,170	3,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	30,615	15,570	15,045	4,175	2,160	2,020
Education	2,420	625	1,800	185	55	130
13. Education	2,420	620	1,800	185	50	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	440	100	335	55	15	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	35	25	20	0	15
50. Visual and performing arts	375	60	315	35	10	25
Humanities	990	435	555	55	30	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	10	35	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	95	35	65	20	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	240	60	180	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	35	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	345	215	130	25	15	10
54. History	125	60	65	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	60	15	45	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,835	430	1,400	115	20	95
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	60	90	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	505	25	480	40	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	355	100	260	20	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	15	25	0	10	0
42. Psychology	340	45	295	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	435	195	240	25	10	15
Business, management and public administration	5,465	1,375	4,085	415	105	310
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	535	75	455	30	0	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,905	1,290	3,615	385	105	280
Physical and life sciences and technologies	515	240	270	40	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	225	85	140	25	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	145	75	70	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	85	60	25	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	20	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	745	505	240	30	25	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	685	490	200	30	20	0
25. Library science	30	0	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,485	6,220	265	560	510	55
04. Architecture and related services	25	10	15	0	10	0
14. Engineering	605	545	65	30	10	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	985	875	105	170	145	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,885	1,855	25	95	90	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,120	2,085	40	210	205	10
48. Precision production	870	845	20	55	50	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,095	880	215	110	85	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	530	385	145	95	75	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	560	490	70	10	10	0
Health and related fields	4,175	420	3,750	435	75	355
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	230	80	155	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	3,900	320	3,580	410	65	345
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	25	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,985	965	1,020	200	80	125
12. Personal and culinary services	1,095	170	930	140	20	115
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	370	305	65	30	25	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	500	470	30	35	30	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	37,070	18,140	18,925	4,145	2,075	2,070
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,340	9,195	8,145	2,435	1,280	1,155
Education	1,570	360	1,215	130	35	95
13. Education	1,575	360	1,215	130	40	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	335	80	250	45	15	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	35	25	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	275	55	220	35	15	25
Humanities	720	290	435	35	25	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	10	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	85	20	60	15	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	170	25	145	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	25	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	245	160	90	15	10	10
54. History	85	40	50	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	35	10	30	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,530	330	1,200	95	15	75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	60	85	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	380	10	370	35	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	315	65	250	20	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	10	0	0
42. Psychology	280	30	250	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	375	160	215	25	15	15
Business, management and public administration	4,285	1,075	3,210	325	90	235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	465	65	405	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,810	1,005	2,805	310	90	215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	380	160	225	40	20	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	175	65	115	20	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	45	55	10	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	65	40	20	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	10	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	675	465	215	30	20	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	625	450	180	25	20	0
25. Library science	30	0	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,740	4,520	220	425	380	45
04. Architecture and related services	15	0	10	10	0	0
14. Engineering	500	435	60	25	0	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	755	660	95	125	110	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,395	1,375	20	85	80	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,495	1,475	20	150	140	10
48. Precision production	570	565	10	40	35	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	775	580	190	85	75	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	395	260	130	80	75	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	380	315	60	10	0	0
Health and related fields	3,120	345	2,775	320	55	270
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	170	75	95	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	2,915	250	2,665	310	45	265
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	15	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,595	755	845	175	70	110
12. Personal and culinary services	880	105	770	125	20	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	270	225	50	25	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	425	400	25	25	30	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	56,760	27,760	28,995	6,365	3,170	3,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,615	15,570	15,045	4,175	2,155	2,020
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	26,145	12,190	13,955	2,190	1,010	1,175
Location of study inside Canada	24,440	11,415	13,030	1,900	870	1,035
Same as province or territory of residence	20,195	9,430	10,765	1,615	745	870
Different than province or territory of residence	4,245	1,980	2,265	290	130	165
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,700	775	925	285	140	145
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	940	395	545	80	35	45
Philippines	65	15	50	125	60	65
India	35	15	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	95	40	60	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	10	15	10	10	0
France	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other	510	280	230	60	30	25
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	37,070	18,145	18,925	4,150	2,075	2,070
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,340	9,195	8,150	2,435	1,280	1,155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	19,730	8,955	10,775	1,715	800	915
Location of study inside Canada	18,420	8,395	10,025	1,490	695	790
Same as province or territory of residence	15,100	6,900	8,200	1,275	615	665
Different than province or territory of residence	3,315	1,495	1,820	210	85	125
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,310	555	750	220	100	125
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	695	255	440	55	20	40
Philippines	60	15	50	115	60	65
India	25	15	10	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	55	20	35	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	10	20	10	10	10
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	435	230	200	30	15	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	56,760	27,760	29,000	6,365	3,170	3,200
In the labour force	34,950	18,305	16,640	4,360	2,415	1,945
Employed	31,020	15,810	15,210	4,035	2,215	1,820
Unemployed	3,930	2,500	1,435	330	205	125
Not in the labour force	21,810	9,450	12,355	2,005	750	1,255
Participation rate	61.6	65.9	57.4	68.5	76.2	60.8
Employment rate	54.7	57.0	52.4	63.4	69.9	56.9
Unemployment rate	11.2	13.7	8.6	7.6	8.5	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	56,760	27,760	28,995	6,365	3,170	3,200
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	19,750	8,255	11,495	1,865	665	1,205
Worked	37,005	19,505	17,505	4,500	2,505	1,995
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	18,915	10,440	8,480	2,250	1,350	895
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	18,085	9,065	9,020	2,255	1,155	1,095
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	41.4	41.5	42.0	42.1	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	34,945	18,310	16,640	4,360	2,415	1,945
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	600	235	360	50	15	40
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	34,355	18,070	16,275	4,310	2,405	1,905
Employee	30,625	15,660	14,970	3,785	2,040	1,750
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,725	2,410	1,310	525	365	160
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	34,950	18,310	16,640	4,360	2,415	1,940
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	595	230	365	50	10	35
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	34,350	18,075	16,275	4,310	2,405	1,905
0 Management occupations	3,355	2,170	1,185	400	260	135
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,705	1,180	3,530	550	130	420
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,715	1,305	415	105	80	20
3 Health occupations	2,395	280	2,110	195	25	165
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,915	925	2,990	330	75	260
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	470	205	270	35	10	25
6 Sales and service occupations	6,800	2,370	4,430	990	390	600
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,935	6,575	360	915	840	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,035	1,590	445	295	260	35
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,030	1,485	545	495	330	165
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	34,945	18,310	16,640	4,360	2,420	1,940
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	595	235	360	50	10	35
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	34,350	18,070	16,280	4,310	2,405	1,910
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,855	2,120	735	245	185	55
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	175	170	0	315	300	10
22 Utilities	380	280	100	40	35	0
23 Construction	2,930	2,625	305	330	310	20
31-33 Manufacturing	3,750	2,725	1,020	595	360	240
41 Wholesale trade	910	720	195	190	150	35
44-45 Retail trade	3,920	1,820	2,095	565	245	325
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,495	1,825	665	250	170	75
51 Information and cultural industries	545	310	235	30	15	10
52 Finance and insurance	795	210	580	50	20	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	285	145	145	25	15	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,300	670	635	155	65	85
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	20	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,095	530	570	110	50	60
61 Educational services	2,435	650	1,780	245	45	205
62 Health care and social assistance	4,345	500	3,845	345	40	305
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	345	180	160	30	20	10
72 Accommodation and food services	1,825	470	1,355	350	130	225
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,595	855	740	290	155	140
91 Public administration	2,340	1,250	1,090	160	85	75
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	31,015	15,810	15,210	4,030	2,215	1,815
Worked at home	2,180	1,135	1,040	185	85	100
Worked outside Canada	140	70	65	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	4,215	3,215	1,000	685	600	80
Worked at usual place	24,480	11,385	13,100	3,165	1,525	1,640
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	24,480	11,385	13,095	3,160	1,525	1,640
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,960	3,420	3,540	2,365	1,105	1,260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	13,890	6,240	7,650	715	370	350
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,295	1,485	1,810	70	45	25
Commute to a different province or territory	335	230	105	10	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	28,700	14,600	14,100	3,845	2,125	1,720
Car, truck, van - as a driver	25,425	13,095	12,330	3,255	1,875	1,380
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,805	725	1,085	290	115	170
Public transit	235	115	120	25	10	15
Walked	755	400	355	160	55	105
Bicycle	10	10	0	55	40	15
Other method	465	255	215	55	25	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	28,700	14,600	14,100	3,845	2,125	1,720
Less than 15 minutes	11,740	5,575	6,165	2,620	1,330	1,285
15 to 29 minutes	9,845	5,045	4,805	510	325	190
30 to 44 minutes	4,725	2,565	2,160	450	275	175
45 to 59 minutes	1,245	605	640	180	125	50
60 minutes and over	1,145	810	335	90	70	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	28,700	14,600	14,100	3,845	2,125	1,715
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,985	1,440	550	210	150	60
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,470	3,460	2,005	950	705	245
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,545	5,155	5,385	960	570	390
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,885	1,805	3,080	745	280	470
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,075	695	1,380	355	110	240
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,740	2,045	1,700	615	305	310
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	38,135	19,990	18,140	4,655	2,580	2,075
Single responses	36,940	19,415	17,530	4,640	2,565	2,070
Official languages	36,895	19,395	17,505	4,580	2,520	2,065
English	32,800	17,355	15,440	4,580	2,520	2,065
French	4,105	2,035	2,065	0	0	0
Non-official languages	45	20	25	55	45	10
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malecite	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40	15	20	55	50	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	50	40	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	15	50	40	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	10	10	20	25	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	10
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,190	575	615	15	10	0
English and French	1,160	565	600	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	15	10	15	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	38,130	19,990	18,145	4,655	2,580	2,075
None	32,850	17,475	15,375	4,410	2,415	1,995
English	2,855	1,395	1,450	50	50	10
French	2,220	1,010	1,210	10	0	0
Non-official language	205	105	100	190	110	75
Aboriginal	75	25	45	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	125	75	50	190	110	75
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	67,460	33,125	34,330	8,075	4,005	4,070
Non-movers	61,165	30,070	31,095	6,955	3,470	3,490
Movers	6,295	3,055	3,240	1,120	535	585
Non-migrants	2,985	1,480	1,505	760	365	395
Migrants	3,305	1,575	1,730	365	170	195
Internal migrants	3,000	1,450	1,550	275	130	140
Intraprovincial migrants	2,215	1,045	1,165	235	125	115
Interprovincial migrants	785	405	385	40	0	30
External migrants	305	120	180	90	35	50
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	64,500	31,620	32,880	7,600	3,805	3,795
Non-movers	47,185	23,525	23,660	4,425	2,245	2,180
Movers	17,315	8,095	9,220	3,180	1,555	1,620
Non-migrants	8,665	4,050	4,615	1,770	845	925
Migrants	8,650	4,050	4,600	1,405	710	695
Internal migrants	8,000	3,690	4,305	1,030	540	485
Intraprovincial migrants	5,690	2,605	3,085	815	450	360
Interprovincial migrants	2,310	1,085	1,225	220	90	130
External migrants	650	360	295	375	170	210

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Tobique--Mactaquac [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Taber, T [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Tobique--Mactaquac [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Taber, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Tobique--Mactaquac [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Taber, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Tobique--Mactaquac [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick and Taber, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta