Census Profile, 2016 Census
Shefford [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Shefford Quebec [Federal electoral district]			Division No. 4, CDR Saskatchewan [Census division]
	Data quality , Shefford [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : Shefford [Federal electoral district], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	111,139	...	...	10,854	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	107,538	...	...	10,879	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.3	...	...	-0.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	50,478	...	...	5,262	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	48,304	...	...	4,181	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	81.1	...	...	0.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,370.84	...	...	21,366.27	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	111,140	55,270	55,870	10,855	5,405	5,455
0 to 14 years	18,840	9,680	9,160	2,015	1,015	1,000
0 to 4 years	6,160	3,145	3,010	695	365	330
5 to 9 years	6,600	3,420	3,185	635	325	310
10 to 14 years	6,080	3,120	2,960	685	325	360
15 to 64 years	70,785	35,680	35,105	6,775	3,360	3,410
15 to 19 years	5,800	2,995	2,805	700	365	330
20 to 24 years	5,935	3,020	2,910	580	295	285
25 to 29 years	5,840	2,980	2,855	570	275	295
30 to 34 years	6,370	3,230	3,140	600	285	315
35 to 39 years	7,240	3,720	3,525	560	280	280
40 to 44 years	6,180	3,190	2,985	565	275	290
45 to 49 years	6,685	3,390	3,300	615	285	330
50 to 54 years	8,865	4,350	4,520	810	400	405
55 to 59 years	9,420	4,615	4,800	965	475	490
60 to 64 years	8,450	4,190	4,260	815	425	390
65 years and over	21,510	9,910	11,605	2,065	1,025	1,040
65 to 69 years	7,345	3,655	3,690	640	340	305
70 to 74 years	5,600	2,695	2,905	500	265	230
75 to 79 years	3,720	1,705	2,015	335	170	165
80 to 84 years	2,430	1,020	1,405	305	140	165
85 years and over	2,415	830	1,585	280	105	175
85 to 89 years	1,560	575	985	165	70	95
90 to 94 years	680	220	455	95	35	60
95 to 99 years	165	30	135	15	0	15
100 years and over	20	0	20	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.0	17.5	16.4	18.6	18.8	18.3
15 to 64 years	63.7	64.6	62.8	62.4	62.2	62.5
65 years and over	19.4	17.9	20.8	19.0	19.0	19.1
85 years and over	2.2	1.5	2.8	2.6	1.9	3.2
Average age of the population	42.6	41.7	43.5	41.9	41.5	42.2
Median age of the population	44.5	43.1	45.9	43.6	43.3	43.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	48,305	...	...	4,185	...	...
Single-detached house	25,140	...	...	3,700	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	805	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	21,225	...	...	305	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,975	...	...	55	...	...
Row house	330	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,105	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	14,140	...	...	200	...	...
Other single-attached house	675	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,135	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	48,305	...	...	4,180	...	...
1 person	15,625	...	...	1,340	...	...
2 persons	18,215	...	...	1,670	...	...
3 persons	6,035	...	...	425	...	...
4 persons	5,470	...	...	420	...	...
5 or more persons	2,960	...	...	325	...	...
Number of persons in private households	108,195	...	...	9,405	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	92,300	45,590	46,705	8,845	4,390	4,455
Married or living common law	54,840	27,450	27,390	5,680	2,830	2,855
Married	29,835	14,935	14,895	5,090	2,540	2,555
Living common law	25,005	12,515	12,490	590	295	300
Not married and not living common law	37,460	18,140	19,320	3,160	1,560	1,595
Never married	23,855	13,370	10,485	2,030	1,150	880
Separated	1,000	445	550	155	75	85
Divorced	7,235	3,055	4,185	420	210	205
Widowed	5,370	1,265	4,105	555	120	435
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	31,770	...	...	2,785	...	...
2 persons	18,180	...	...	1,670	...	...
3 persons	5,815	...	...	420	...	...
4 persons	5,255	...	...	415	...	...
5 or more persons	2,520	...	...	290	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	31,770	...	...	2,785	...	...
Total couple families	26,920	...	...	2,515	...	...
Married couples	14,435	...	...	2,215	...	...
Common-law couples	12,485	...	...	295	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,850	...	...	270	...	...
Female parent	3,380	...	...	205	...	...
Male parent	1,470	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	26,920	...	...	2,515	...	...
Couples without children	15,245	...	...	1,495	...	...
Couples with children	11,670	...	...	1,020	...	...
1 child	4,350	...	...	355	...	...
2 children	4,910	...	...	385	...	...
3 or more children	2,410	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,850	...	...	275	...	...
1 child	2,935	...	...	170	...	...
2 children	1,460	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	455	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,810	9,860	9,950	1,605	850	750
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	48,305	...	...	4,180	...	...
One-census-family households	31,060	...	...	2,725	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,925	...	...	1,480	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,125	...	...	1,250	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	355	...	...	30	...	...
Non-census-family households	16,895	...	...	1,425	...	...
One-person households	15,620	...	...	1,340	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,270	...	...	85	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	109,765	54,735	55,035	10,700	5,335	5,365
English only	740	360	380	10,380	5,200	5,185
French only	70,130	33,245	36,885	5	0	0
English and French	38,575	20,945	17,630	275	115	160
Neither English nor French	320	185	140	35	20	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	109,765	54,735	55,030	10,700	5,335	5,365
English	3,490	1,780	1,705	10,525	5,250	5,275
French	105,280	52,400	52,880	135	60	70
English and French	685	370	315	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	315	180	135	35	20	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,830	1,965	1,860	135	65	75
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.5	3.6	3.4	1.3	1.2	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	109,765	54,735	55,035	10,700	5,335	5,365
Single responses	108,690	54,190	54,505	10,600	5,295	5,310
Official languages	105,645	52,605	53,035	9,040	4,545	4,500
English	3,195	1,635	1,560	8,775	4,425	4,355
French	102,450	50,975	51,475	270	120	150
Non-official languages	3,050	1,580	1,470	1,555	745	810
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	65	30	45
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	65	25	40
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	25	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,045	1,580	1,465	1,490	720	765
Afro-Asiatic languages	375	210	160	0	0	0
Berber languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	345	195	150	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	340	190	150	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	5	20	195	95	95
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	155	80	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	20	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,010	1,035	975	1,235	600	640
Albanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	240	120	120	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	235	120	120	25	20	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	5	5	0
Czech	0	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	20	15	5	0	0
Russian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Serbian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	5	10	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	170	85	90	1,165	565	600
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	35	20	15	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	5
German	125	65	60	1,135	555	575
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	190	95	95	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	5	10	10	5
Bengali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	0	5	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	180	90	90	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	170	85	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,365	710	650	30	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	130	80	50	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	20	25	5	0	5
Romanian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Spanish	1,125	585	545	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	20	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	310	155	155	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	25	15	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	20	30	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	120	60	60	0	0	5
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	35	45	20	15	10
Chinese languages	80	40	45	20	10	10
Cantonese	35	15	15	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	20	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Lao	25	15	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	25	20	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	25	20	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	5	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,070	545	530	95	45	55
English and French	750	390	360	35	15	15
English and non-official language	30	15	10	65	30	35
French and non-official language	270	130	140	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	10	15	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	109,770	54,735	55,035	10,700	5,335	5,365
Single responses	108,170	53,935	54,235	10,290	5,145	5,145
Official languages	106,500	53,070	53,430	9,340	4,675	4,660
English	2,700	1,375	1,325	9,315	4,665	4,650
French	103,800	51,695	52,105	20	10	10
Non-official languages	1,670	865	805	955	470	485
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,670	865	805	940	465	475
Afro-Asiatic languages	145	80	65	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	70	55	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	135	75	60	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	35	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	100	50	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	85	45	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,165	615	550	805	395	405
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	70	60	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	70	65	5	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	5
Russian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	25	775	385	390
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	15	20	765	380	385
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Greek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	140	70	70	0	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	135	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	840	450	390	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	15	5	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	5	0	0
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	765	410	355	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	150	70	85	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	75	35	35	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	35	5	5	5
Chinese languages	55	25	30	10	0	5
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,595	800	795	410	190	220
English and French	815	420	395	5	5	5
English and non-official language	45	15	30	405	190	215
French and non-official language	655	325	330	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	80	35	45	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	109,765	54,735	55,035	10,700	5,335	5,365
None	101,265	50,275	50,990	9,660	4,825	4,830
English	5,485	2,915	2,575	820	405	415
French	1,830	930	905	35	10	25
Non-official language	955	495	460	180	85	95
Aboriginal	5	0	0	50	20	25
Non-Aboriginal	950	495	455	135	70	65
English and French	65	35	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	125	65	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	89,395	44,340	45,050	7,765	3,910	3,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,205	43,350	43,855	7,565	3,805	3,760
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,198	37,734	27,037	36,207	42,022	31,187
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,230	43,355	43,870	7,565	3,805	3,760
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,845	32,868	24,874	33,137	37,205	28,763
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	77,480	39,475	38,005	7,180	3,655	3,525
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,805	35,083	22,937	32,507	38,673	26,568
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	67,435	31,585	35,850	5,145	2,340	2,805
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,167	7,098	8,974	6,309	5,784	6,544
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,220	33,250	29,975	6,195	3,260	2,940
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,204	35,517	25,361	28,466	33,333	24,816
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	89,390	44,325	45,070	7,765	3,910	3,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,315	43,300	44,015	7,595	3,830	3,765
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,716	44,332	33,191	44,108	51,628	36,465
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,330	43,295	44,030	7,595	3,830	3,765
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,448	36,353	28,608	37,304	42,496	32,027
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,495	39,355	38,140	7,215	3,710	3,505
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,786	42,169	29,200	40,769	48,302	32,795
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,405	31,560	35,845	5,105	2,370	2,730
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,009	8,238	9,687	7,979	7,741	8,186
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,220	33,210	30,010	6,195	3,285	2,910
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,877	40,657	30,587	37,168	42,828	30,776
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	89,390	44,325	45,070	7,765	3,910	3,855
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	28,620	15,985	12,635	3,060	1,830	1,235
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,532	47,512	37,384	41,079	42,844	39,074
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,683	54,103	41,827	48,660	53,155	41,995
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.9	86.4	76.0	87.7	90.5	83.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.8	70.2	62.4	68.3	70.9	64.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.1	13.6	24.0	12.3	9.4	16.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	89,395	44,340	45,050	7,765	3,905	3,860
Without total income	2,185	990	1,195	200	100	100
With total income	87,205	43,350	43,850	7,565	3,810	3,760
Percentage with total income	97.6	97.8	97.3	97.4	97.6	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,350	3,935	5,415	860	390	470
$10,000 to $19,999	16,770	6,500	10,270	1,175	480	695
$20,000 to $29,999	14,655	6,395	8,260	1,130	470	660
$30,000 to $39,999	12,985	6,400	6,590	1,045	470	570
$40,000 to $49,999	11,220	6,085	5,135	930	490	440
$50,000 to $59,999	7,900	4,710	3,190	665	355	310
$60,000 to $69,999	4,950	3,060	1,890	475	285	185
$70,000 to $79,999	3,300	1,965	1,330	325	210	110
$80,000 to $89,999	1,935	1,280	655	260	140	115
$90,000 to $99,999	1,280	900	380	205	125	75
$100,000 and over	2,860	2,125	735	510	380	130
$100,000 to $149,999	2,005	1,490	515	365	260	105
$150,000 and over	855	630	225	145	115	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	89,390	44,340	45,050	7,765	3,905	3,855
Without after-tax income	2,165	985	1,175	200	100	100
With after-tax income	87,230	43,355	43,875	7,565	3,805	3,760
Percentage with after-tax income	97.6	97.8	97.4	97.4	97.4	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,775	4,035	5,740	885	400	480
$10,000 to $19,999	17,745	6,935	10,810	1,235	505	730
$20,000 to $29,999	18,025	8,200	9,825	1,295	555	745
$30,000 to $39,999	16,665	8,860	7,805	1,285	625	655
$40,000 to $49,999	11,540	6,715	4,820	1,000	525	470
$50,000 to $59,999	6,270	3,725	2,545	640	385	260
$60,000 to $69,999	3,190	2,010	1,180	430	260	170
$70,000 to $79,999	1,600	1,100	505	290	175	115
$80,000 and over	2,415	1,770	645	510	370	140
$80,000 to $89,999	870	620	245	180	110	65
$90,000 to $99,999	450	340	115	115	90	30
$100,000 and over	1,095	810	285	215	170	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	89,395	44,345	45,050	7,765	3,905	3,860
Without employment income	26,165	11,095	15,070	1,570	645	925
With employment income	63,225	33,250	29,975	6,195	3,260	2,935
Percentage with employment income	70.7	75.0	66.5	79.8	83.5	76.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,530	4,390	4,145	1,040	550	490
$5,000 to $9,999	4,915	2,085	2,835	530	240	285
$10,000 to $19,999	9,340	3,970	5,370	870	390	480
$20,000 to $29,999	8,640	3,815	4,825	755	340	420
$30,000 to $39,999	8,875	4,415	4,460	750	350	400
$40,000 to $49,999	7,260	4,155	3,105	595	325	270
$50,000 to $59,999	5,350	3,420	1,930	425	235	190
$60,000 to $69,999	3,530	2,250	1,280	320	215	110
$70,000 to $79,999	2,445	1,530	920	220	140	80
$80,000 and over	4,325	3,215	1,115	695	480	210
$80,000 to $89,999	1,455	1,015	440	175	100	80
$90,000 to $99,999	945	695	245	160	105	60
$100,000 and over	1,930	1,500	430	355	280	75
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	48,305	...	...	4,180	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	56,779	...	...	65,139	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,795	...	...	58,054	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	15,620	...	...	1,340	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,172	...	...	34,987	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,629	...	...	31,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	32,685	...	...	2,840	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,980	...	...	84,779	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,109	...	...	74,661	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	48,305	...	...	4,180	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,983	...	...	80,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,664	...	...	67,761	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	15,600	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,166	...	...	42,014	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,315	...	...	35,658	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	32,700	...	...	2,830	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,640	...	...	98,274	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,713	...	...	83,055	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	48,305	...	...	4,180	...	...
Under $5,000	340	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	650	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,710	...	...	85	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,515	...	...	220	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,775	...	...	220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,120	...	...	155	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,875	...	...	205	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,910	...	...	210	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,585	...	...	180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,485	...	...	180	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,625	...	...	385	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,920	...	...	335	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,460	...	...	260	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,895	...	...	255	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,555	...	...	260	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,880	...	...	1,160	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,390	...	...	425	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,460	...	...	285	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,935	...	...	270	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,095	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	48,305	...	...	4,185	...	...
Under $5,000	380	...	...	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	665	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,745	...	...	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,640	...	...	220	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,180	...	...	235	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,590	...	...	185	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,590	...	...	245	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,380	...	...	235	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,145	...	...	200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,950	...	...	240	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,150	...	...	425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,365	...	...	360	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,610	...	...	320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,940	...	...	305	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,195	...	...	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,770	...	...	815	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,265	...	...	390	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,300	...	...	215	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,215	...	...	215	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	31,770	...	...	2,780	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,017	...	...	84,565	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,099	...	...	74,673	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,695	...	...	1,470	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,378	...	...	77,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,747	...	...	68,809	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,750	...	...	1,020	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,153	...	...	105,643	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,439	...	...	91,867	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,685	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,294	...	...	52,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,864	...	...	47,232	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	31,785	...	...	2,760	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,939	...	...	98,048	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,867	...	...	82,878	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,705	...	...	1,460	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,736	...	...	91,761	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,558	...	...	76,864	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,775	...	...	1,025	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,393	...	...	116,433	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,154	...	...	98,772	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,645	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,985	...	...	60,168	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,363	...	...	53,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	18,240	9,115	9,125	1,510	800	705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,114	32,103	25,048	34,528	39,056	29,184
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,771	28,464	23,839	31,152	35,040	27,093
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	18,165	9,020	9,145	1,545	830	710
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,721	38,891	32,595	41,675	43,483	39,564
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,248	31,990	28,530	35,328	36,253	34,249
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	108,195	54,000	54,195	9,400	4,725	4,675
In the bottom half of the distribution	67,460	32,915	34,540	4,835	2,335	2,500
In the bottom decile	8,645	4,220	4,430	815	425	385
In the second decile	13,520	6,015	7,515	1,030	460	570
In the third decile	15,625	7,660	7,965	950	440	510
In the fourth decile	15,440	7,800	7,635	1,050	525	530
In the fifth decile	14,230	7,230	7,000	985	485	500
In the top half of the distribution	40,735	21,080	19,655	4,570	2,390	2,175
In the sixth decile	12,840	6,685	6,155	975	510	465
In the seventh decile	10,625	5,470	5,150	975	520	460
In the eighth decile	8,190	4,215	3,980	935	500	435
In the ninth decile	5,520	2,860	2,660	985	510	480
In the top decile	3,560	1,845	1,715	695	365	335
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	108,195	54,000	54,195	9,240	4,655	4,585
0 to 17 years	22,285	11,425	10,865	1,930	980	945
0 to 5 years	7,425	3,810	3,620	600	320	280
18 to 64 years	66,565	33,400	33,160	5,410	2,725	2,680
65 years and over	19,350	9,180	10,170	1,905	950	950
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	15,070	6,845	8,225	1,235	605	635
0 to 17 years	3,015	1,515	1,495	285	150	140
0 to 5 years	1,010	525	485	100	55	45
18 to 64 years	8,205	3,890	4,315	595	305	295
65 years and over	3,845	1,440	2,410	355	155	200
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.9	12.7	15.2	13.4	13.0	13.8
0 to 17 years (%)	13.5	13.3	13.8	14.8	15.3	14.8
0 to 5 years (%)	13.6	13.8	13.4	16.7	17.2	16.1
18 to 64 years (%)	12.3	11.6	13.0	11.0	11.2	11.0
65 years and over (%)	19.9	15.7	23.7	18.6	16.3	21.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,135	3,105	3,030	380	205	175
0 to 17 years	1,135	570	565	95	50	45
0 to 5 years	390	205	195	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	4,595	2,375	2,225	245	140	110
65 years and over	400	165	240	40	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.7	5.8	5.6	4.1	4.4	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	5.1	5.0	5.2	4.9	5.1	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	5.3	5.4	5.4	5.8	4.7	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	6.9	7.1	6.7	4.5	5.1	4.1
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.8	2.4	2.1	2.1	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	108,195	54,000	54,195	9,405	4,725	4,675
Official languages	107,925	53,840	54,085	9,390	4,725	4,665
English	38,855	21,165	17,685	9,380	4,720	4,665
French	107,230	53,490	53,735	265	105	160
Non-official languages	6,135	2,995	3,135	850	390	460
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	90	50	35
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	90	50	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	85	50	35
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,125	2,995	3,130	765	340	420
Afro-Asiatic languages	530	285	245	0	0	0
Berber languages	25	20	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	20	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	515	275	240	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	510	275	230	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	135	60	70	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	40	55	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	15	310	140	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	305	140	170
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	185	95	95	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	165	80	90	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,640	2,275	2,365	350	160	195
Albanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	310	160	150	55	35	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	310	160	155	50	35	15
Belarusan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	20	15	10	0	0
Russian	140	75	70	10	0	0
Serbian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	15	20	15	15	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	455	215	240	240	95	140
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	20	10	15	0	15
Dutch	75	25	45	15	0	15
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
German	355	175	185	190	95	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	0	15
Greek	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	210	100	110	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	45	15	25	20	15	10
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	15	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	190	85	100	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	180	80	100	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,700	1,815	1,880	65	25	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	345	190	150	10	0	10
Portuguese	130	75	55	0	0	0
Romanian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Spanish	3,235	1,565	1,670	60	20	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	25	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	15	60	20	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	405	180	215	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	55	25	30	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	50	20	30	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	65	35	30	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	180	75	110	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	80	30	45	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	50	15	30	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	55	65	30	15	15
Chinese languages	120	55	65	30	15	10
Cantonese	40	15	20	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	30	30	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	10	15	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Lao	20	15	10	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	25	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	108,195	54,000	54,195	9,400	4,730	4,675
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	106,690	53,215	53,470	8,970	4,530	4,440
Canadian citizens aged under 18	21,985	11,355	10,625	1,845	900	945
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	84,705	41,860	42,845	7,130	3,635	3,490
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,510	785	725	430	190	235
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	108,195	54,000	54,195	9,400	4,725	4,675
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	103,865	51,760	52,105	8,640	4,395	4,250
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,080	2,065	2,015	710	300	410
Before 1981	910	485	425	160	65	95
1981 to 1990	310	150	160	45	10	35
1991 to 2000	455	205	255	35	25	10
2001 to 2010	1,495	775	720	150	60	90
2001 to 2005	740	395	345	25	10	20
2006 to 2010	755	380	375	130	55	70
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	905	445	460	315	135	180
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	245	175	70	50	35	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,080	2,070	2,015	710	300	410
Under 5 years	550	260	290	70	25	45
5 to 14 years	710	365	340	150	55	95
15 to 24 years	840	390	450	135	65	70
25 to 44 years	1,745	930	815	285	125	165
45 years and over	230	115	120	65	25	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,080	2,065	2,015	705	300	405
Americas	1,245	605	640	175	80	95
Brazil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	525	240	290	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	20	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	105	60	50	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	50	25	25	45	20	25
Peru	60	35	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	195	80	110	115	60	60
Other places of birth in Americas	265	140	130	10	0	10
Europe	1,415	780	635	165	70	100
Bosnia and Herzegovina	55	25	30	0	0	0
Croatia	25	20	0	0	0	0
France	570	350	220	0	0	0
Germany	90	40	50	20	10	15
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	65	40	30	0	0	0
Netherlands	25	10	15	15	0	15
Poland	25	15	10	0	0	0
Portugal	25	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	75	35	45	0	0	10
Russian Federation	25	10	20	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	25	0	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	30	25	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	15	0	70	40	30
Other places of birth in Europe	330	180	145	35	10	30
Africa	820	395	420	0	0	0
Algeria	60	40	20	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	230	120	105	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	510	220	290	0	0	0
Asia	605	285	325	350	150	195
Afghanistan	115	50	65	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	110	35	70	25	15	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	10	0	30	10	15
Lebanon	35	10	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	20	280	115	165
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	100	40	55	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	95	55	40	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	10	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	905	450	460	315	135	180
Americas	255	130	125	35	15	25
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cuba	40	20	20	0	0	0
Haiti	35	20	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	15	0	25	10	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	65	40	25	10	0	0
Europe	175	100	75	30	20	15
France	75	55	25	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	30	10	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	0	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	30	20	10	0	10
Africa	320	150	175	0	0	0
Algeria	25	20	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	130	60	70	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	35	10	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	105	45	65	0	0	0
Asia	150	75	80	240	100	145
Afghanistan	30	10	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	10	15	215	85	135
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	108,195	54,000	54,195	9,400	4,730	4,675
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,480	2,315	2,160	785	360	425
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,120	2,045	2,075	1,365	695	665
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	99,595	49,635	49,960	7,250	3,675	3,575
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,220	1,615	1,610	545	235	310
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,150	645	505	395	185	215
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	560	420	135	130	95	35
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	590	220	370	270	85	180
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	790	335	455	125	40	85
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,250	615	635	10	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	30	10	15	15	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	108,195	54,000	54,195	9,400	4,725	4,675
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,120	520	600	550	260	290
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,080	495	585	515	245	270
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	500	225	270	355	180	170
Métis	580	265	310	165	60	100
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	15	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	10	10	25	15	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	107,070	53,475	53,595	8,850	4,465	4,385
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	108,195	54,000	54,195	9,400	4,730	4,675
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	145	80	65	345	175	170
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	108,050	53,925	54,125	9,055	4,555	4,500
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	108,195	54,000	54,195	9,400	4,730	4,675
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	945	440	510	285	130	150
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	925	420	510	265	130	135
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	800	375	425	255	130	120
Métis single ancestry	125	45	85	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	25	15	0	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	20	0	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,985	1,385	1,600	425	200	225
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,970	1,375	1,595	420	200	220
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,750	1,275	1,475	240	130	110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	205	95	110	180	70	110
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	10	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	104,260	52,180	52,085	8,690	4,390	4,300
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	108,195	54,000	54,195	9,400	4,730	4,675
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,380	1,715	1,660	490	215	270
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	65	30	35	30	20	10
Chinese	205	80	125	45	20	25
Black	950	460	490	15	15	10
Filipino	30	15	15	330	145	185
Latin American	1,170	600	575	10	0	10
Arab	490	275	220	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	145	70	75	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	195	105	90	0	0	0
Korean	25	25	0	55	15	40
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	104,815	52,285	52,535	8,910	4,510	4,400
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	108,195	54,000	54,195	9,405	4,725	4,675
North American Aboriginal origins	3,935	1,820	2,110	710	335	380
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,585	1,675	1,910	520	265	255
Inuit	25	10	20	0	10	0
Métis	365	170	190	210	70	140
Other North American origins	85,450	42,365	43,085	2,505	1,225	1,275
Acadian	305	155	145	0	0	0
American	690	330	355	190	95	95
Canadian	82,745	41,015	41,725	2,375	1,160	1,215
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,740	1,395	1,350	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	34,025	17,235	16,785	7,450	3,775	3,680
British Isles origins	8,395	4,150	4,245	4,955	2,480	2,475
Channel Islander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,205	1,140	1,070	2,960	1,460	1,500
Irish	5,305	2,560	2,740	1,725	805	920
Manx	30	15	10	0	0	10
Scottish	1,820	890	930	2,525	1,295	1,225
Welsh	15	0	15	180	110	75
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	245	120	130	70	35	35
French origins	25,635	13,025	12,615	1,160	520	635
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	190	80	105	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	25,540	12,980	12,560	1,155	520	635
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,495	1,235	1,255	3,240	1,570	1,670
Austrian	75	65	15	95	35	55
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belgian	620	335	285	140	75	70
Dutch	235	120	115	365	180	180
Flemish	10	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,310	610	705	2,740	1,330	1,405
Luxembourger	10	0	0	55	30	25
Swiss	355	170	180	65	25	40
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	125	40	85	1,855	1,055	805
Danish	25	10	20	280	110	170
Finnish	20	10	10	65	35	25
Icelandic	10	0	10	40	25	15
Norwegian	25	0	25	1,180	695	485
Swedish	30	10	25	445	235	210
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	15	10	45	30	0
Eastern European origins	880	435	440	1,300	640	660
Bulgarian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	25	0	15	35	25	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	120	40	80	45	10	35
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	10	15	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	370	200	170	340	135	205
Romanian	120	65	55	75	35	40
Russian	95	50	45	380	195	185
Slovak	20	10	15	25	15	10
Ukrainian	220	115	105	515	270	250
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,250	1,135	1,120	110	35	75
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	30	20	0	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	140	50	90	10	0	10
Italian	1,335	670	670	60	25	40
Kosovar	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	200	110	90	0	0	0
Serbian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	15	10	10	0	0
Spanish	445	225	215	35	15	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	160	85	80	20	20	10
Basque	10	0	10	10	10	0
Jewish	45	30	15	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	110	45	65	10	0	10
Caribbean origins	445	235	205	10	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	130	45	85	0	0	0
Dominican	20	15	10	10	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	280	140	140	0	10	0
Jamaican	20	25	0	0	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,360	680	685	40	25	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	55	15	40	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Chilean	95	40	50	0	0	0
Colombian	670	290	380	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	130	85	45	0	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	35	10	20	0	0	0
Maya	45	15	30	0	0	0
Mexican	115	55	55	25	15	10
Nicaraguan	30	15	15	0	0	10
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	95	50	45	10	0	10
Salvadorean	55	45	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,190	575	620	20	15	10
Central and West African origins	500	235	265	0	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chadian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Congolese	285	115	170	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	15	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	15	10	10	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	95	55	40	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	470	240	230	0	0	0
Algerian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Berber	40	20	20	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	330	180	150	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	45	25	20	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	130	65	60	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	30	20	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	135	45	85	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	130	45	85	15	10	0
Asian origins	1,250	655	595	480	215	265
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	675	380	295	0	0	0
Afghan	160	80	80	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	140	70	65	0	0	0
Armenian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	30	20	10	10	0	10
Iraqi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	125	60	65	0	0	0
Palestinian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	85	55	25	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	55	30	25	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	75	50	25	35	20	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	65	45	20	35	20	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	505	235	270	445	195	250
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	285	130	150	60	25	40
Filipino	35	20	15	325	145	185
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	30	0	55	15	40
Laotian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	105	40	70	0	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	10	40	25	10
Australian	0	0	0	20	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	48,305	...	...	4,180	...	...
Owner	30,345	...	...	3,345	...	...
Renter	17,955	...	...	790	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	48,305	...	...	4,185	...	...
Condominium	2,895	...	...	85	...	...
Not condominium	45,405	...	...	4,095	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	48,305	...	...	4,180	...	...
No bedrooms	165	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	5,820	...	...	290	...	...
2 bedrooms	15,980	...	...	910	...	...
3 bedrooms	17,280	...	...	1,415	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,065	...	...	1,560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	48,305	...	...	4,180	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15,790	...	...	605	...	...
5 rooms	9,000	...	...	590	...	...
6 rooms	6,020	...	...	690	...	...
7 rooms	6,090	...	...	565	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,395	...	...	1,735	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	48,300	...	...	4,185	...	...
One person or fewer per room	48,035	...	...	4,155	...	...
More than 1 person per room	265	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	48,305	...	...	4,185	...	...
Suitable	47,245	...	...	4,090	...	...
Not suitable	1,060	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	48,305	...	...	4,180	...	...
1960 or before	10,395	...	...	1,650	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,665	...	...	1,380	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,950	...	...	545	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,470	...	...	200	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,435	...	...	105	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,150	...	...	145	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,235	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	48,305	...	...	4,180	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	45,890	...	...	3,680	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,415	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	48,300	...	...	4,185	...	...
1 household maintainer	29,525	...	...	2,670	...	...
2 household maintainers	18,420	...	...	1,485	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	360	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	48,300	...	...	4,180	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,615	...	...	160	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,125	...	...	495	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,810	...	...	515	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,265	...	...	690	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,570	...	...	975	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,090	...	...	715	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,765	...	...	405	...	...
85 years and over	1,060	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	47,475	...	...	3,255	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	38,195	...	...	2,820	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,280	...	...	440	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,635	...	...	425	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	29,650	...	...	2,520	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.6	...	...	43.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.5	...	...	9.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	919	...	...	561	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	957	...	...	763	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,163	...	...	160,535	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	241,595	...	...	202,611	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,870	...	...	760	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.1	...	...	10.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.9	...	...	27.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	637	...	...	701	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	691	...	...	721	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	89,390	44,325	45,065	7,765	3,905	3,860
No certificate, diploma or degree	22,295	11,875	10,420	1,785	1,060	730
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	22,455	10,275	12,180	2,465	1,340	1,120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,645	22,180	22,465	3,510	1,505	2,005
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,680	10,785	6,890	810	530	275
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	12,795	6,950	5,845	370	200	165
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,880	3,840	1,045	440	335	110
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,155	5,920	8,235	1,390	410	980
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,610	1,050	1,560	365	160	200
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,200	4,420	5,785	950	400	545
Bachelor's degree	7,060	2,935	4,125	760	310	450
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	810	315	500	55	25	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	365	230	130	35	25	10
Master's degree	1,770	845	925	85	35	50
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	200	90	105	10	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	58,445	29,210	29,235	4,880	2,460	2,425
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,245	5,975	4,270	685	475	210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,990	6,625	7,370	1,635	900	740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,205	16,605	17,595	2,560	1,080	1,475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,785	8,150	5,640	590	400	190
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10,185	5,290	4,900	260	155	105
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,600	2,860	740	330	250	85
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,535	4,430	6,105	1,050	290	755
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,730	670	1,055	200	100	95
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,160	3,360	4,805	725	290	440
Bachelor's degree	5,675	2,285	3,390	590	235	355
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	620	230	390	30	0	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	275	150	125	35	25	10
Master's degree	1,430	620	805	60	15	45
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	165	80	85	10	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	89,395	44,325	45,065	7,765	3,905	3,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	44,750	22,150	22,600	4,250	2,400	1,850
Education	3,680	805	2,875	435	105	320
13. Education	3,680	805	2,875	430	110	325
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,295	490	805	60	30	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	205	165	35	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,085	325	765	55	20	30
Humanities	1,815	670	1,145	105	55	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	145	30	110	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	15	10	30	15	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,210	420	785	20	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	30	0	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	115	65	50	35	15	20
54. History	100	55	50	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	185	55	125	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,845	775	2,075	160	35	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	260	65	200	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,040	90	950	50	10	45
22. Legal professions and studies	410	145	260	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	25	55	10	0	10
42. Psychology	455	115	340	10	0	15
45. Social sciences	580	325	260	50	25	25
Business, management and public administration	9,450	3,085	6,365	565	90	470
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	355	80	275	60	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,075	2,990	6,080	490	80	410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,015	560	455	45	15	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	330	125	210	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	260	170	85	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	120	55	70	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	230	175	50	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	35	40	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,210	785	430	90	35	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,035	705	330	70	30	40
25. Library science	75	25	55	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	45	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,150	11,335	810	745	700	45
04. Architecture and related services	170	95	75	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,180	1,015	170	80	65	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,570	2,220	350	140	130	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,565	2,500	65	155	150	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,810	2,765	45	270	255	15
48. Precision production	2,850	2,740	110	105	100	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,385	870	520	365	280	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,215	755	455	325	255	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	115	60	40	20	20
Health and related fields	5,765	1,005	4,765	750	95	655
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	335	130	200	50	10	30
51. Health professions and related programs	5,375	830	4,545	700	80	620
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	40	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,010	1,800	2,210	205	60	145
12. Personal and culinary services	2,540	480	2,060	140	35	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	575	490	85	45	20	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	890	830	65	20	0	10
Other	20	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	58,445	29,210	29,235	4,880	2,460	2,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	24,240	12,600	11,640	2,320	1,375	945
Education	2,340	475	1,870	270	60	210
13. Education	2,340	470	1,865	270	60	210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	975	330	645	40	15	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	145	115	35	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	830	215	610	35	10	30
Humanities	1,085	400	685	65	35	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	125	20	105	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	15	10	25	15	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	675	250	425	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	40	25	20	0	10
54. History	65	30	40	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	110	30	80	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,250	525	1,720	150	35	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	15	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	195	45	150	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	855	45	810	45	10	35
22. Legal professions and studies	310	100	210	25	0	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	10	45	10	0	10
42. Psychology	345	75	275	10	0	15
45. Social sciences	460	250	215	45	30	20
Business, management and public administration	7,485	2,285	5,205	435	55	380
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	270	55	220	50	10	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,205	2,230	4,980	375	40	325
Physical and life sciences and technologies	665	360	305	45	20	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	275	95	175	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	90	40	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	195	145	45	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	20	35	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,050	680	365	80	25	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	920	635	285	65	25	40
25. Library science	60	15	50	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	25	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,410	8,730	680	560	535	30
04. Architecture and related services	135	85	55	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,005	860	145	65	55	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,115	1,795	320	115	110	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,905	1,855	50	105	110	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,075	2,050	30	200	190	0
48. Precision production	2,165	2,090	75	75	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,105	655	455	250	185	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	970	580	395	225	180	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	140	80	60	30	10	20
Health and related fields	4,550	740	3,810	490	65	425
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	270	105	165	35	10	25
51. Health professions and related programs	4,235	615	3,625	455	50	400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	25	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,275	1,425	1,850	175	60	115
12. Personal and culinary services	2,090	380	1,710	120	30	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	460	385	80	35	15	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	720	665	60	20	10	15
Other	15	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	89,390	44,325	45,070	7,765	3,910	3,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,745	22,145	22,600	4,250	2,400	1,850
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	44,645	22,175	22,470	3,510	1,505	2,010
Location of study inside Canada	43,215	21,340	21,875	3,155	1,345	1,810
Same as province or territory of residence	42,545	20,935	21,605	1,985	885	1,100
Different than province or territory of residence	670	405	270	1,170	460	710
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,430	840	595	360	160	200
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	110	65	50	95	45	50
Philippines	10	0	10	150	65	85
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	20	0	20	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	10	10	10	0
France	330	245	85	0	0	0
Other	930	490	440	75	30	45
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	58,445	29,210	29,230	4,880	2,460	2,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,235	12,600	11,635	2,320	1,375	945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	34,205	16,610	17,595	2,560	1,085	1,475
Location of study inside Canada	33,080	15,980	17,100	2,280	965	1,315
Same as province or territory of residence	32,575	15,690	16,890	1,365	605	765
Different than province or territory of residence	505	295	210	910	355	550
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,120	625	495	280	120	160
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	85	40	45	75	30	45
Philippines	10	0	10	125	50	75
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	25	10	15	10	10	0
France	255	180	75	0	0	0
Other	740	380	360	55	20	35
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	89,390	44,325	45,070	7,765	3,910	3,855
In the labour force	57,025	29,860	27,165	5,610	3,050	2,555
Employed	53,730	27,910	25,825	5,375	2,905	2,475
Unemployed	3,295	1,955	1,345	230	150	85
Not in the labour force	32,370	14,465	17,905	2,155	855	1,305
Participation rate	63.8	67.4	60.3	72.2	78.0	66.3
Employment rate	60.1	63.0	57.3	69.2	74.3	64.2
Unemployment rate	5.8	6.5	5.0	4.1	4.9	3.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	89,395	44,325	45,065	7,765	3,905	3,860
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	29,525	12,945	16,580	1,720	670	1,050
Worked	59,865	31,380	28,490	6,045	3,240	2,805
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	29,165	16,325	12,835	3,210	1,900	1,310
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	30,705	15,060	15,645	2,830	1,335	1,495
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.2	42.5	43.8	44.5	42.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	57,025	29,860	27,165	5,610	3,050	2,560
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	935	515	420	40	20	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	56,090	29,345	26,745	5,570	3,035	2,535
Employee	48,890	25,100	23,790	3,555	1,735	1,820
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,200	4,245	2,955	2,015	1,295	720
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	57,025	29,860	27,165	5,610	3,050	2,555
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	930	515	420	40	20	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	56,095	29,350	26,745	5,570	3,030	2,535
0 Management occupations	5,425	3,525	1,895	1,700	1,170	530
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,440	1,970	5,470	550	95	460
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,010	2,290	715	145	100	45
3 Health occupations	3,575	510	3,060	335	50	285
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,220	1,195	4,015	380	65	310
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,205	525	685	80	10	65
6 Sales and service occupations	12,805	5,045	7,760	795	220	575
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,670	9,155	515	725	655	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,345	1,100	250	680	510	175
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	6,405	4,025	2,375	180	160	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	57,030	29,860	27,165	5,605	3,050	2,555
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	935	515	420	35	20	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	56,095	29,350	26,745	5,570	3,035	2,535
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,455	1,655	805	1,890	1,305	580
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	70	60	15	320	300	25
22 Utilities	225	175	50	55	35	20
23 Construction	3,590	3,200	395	280	230	50
31-33 Manufacturing	13,025	8,915	4,105	195	150	50
41 Wholesale trade	2,570	1,795	775	130	90	45
44-45 Retail trade	6,870	3,005	3,865	445	185	260
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,960	1,520	435	150	105	45
51 Information and cultural industries	585	295	300	20	0	25
52 Finance and insurance	1,455	445	1,015	140	30	110
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	535	310	225	50	15	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,415	1,185	1,235	125	45	85
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	20	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,885	1,120	770	110	65	50
61 Educational services	3,230	780	2,445	310	80	230
62 Health care and social assistance	6,440	835	5,605	505	65	435
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,005	510	500	140	70	70
72 Accommodation and food services	3,490	1,270	2,220	255	75	175
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,660	1,340	1,320	210	110	100
91 Public administration	1,585	910	675	245	90	155
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	53,730	27,905	25,825	5,375	2,900	2,475
Worked at home	3,870	1,845	2,020	1,710	1,070	645
Worked outside Canada	100	80	15	0	0	10
No fixed workplace address	4,395	3,420	980	635	485	155
Worked at usual place	45,365	22,565	22,800	3,025	1,355	1,670
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	45,365	22,560	22,800	3,025	1,350	1,670
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	21,560	9,905	11,650	1,635	745	890
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,465	3,790	3,675	960	425	540
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	16,270	8,810	7,465	360	155	210
Commute to a different province or territory	70	55	20	65	30	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	49,765	25,980	23,780	3,660	1,835	1,825
Car, truck, van - as a driver	43,595	23,065	20,530	3,045	1,590	1,455
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,995	855	1,140	80	40	40
Public transit	430	145	285	35	15	25
Walked	2,885	1,365	1,520	400	150	245
Bicycle	430	315	115	55	25	30
Other method	435	235	195	45	15	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	49,765	25,980	23,785	3,655	1,835	1,825
Less than 15 minutes	22,460	10,885	11,575	2,260	1,115	1,145
15 to 29 minutes	15,580	8,105	7,465	745	415	330
30 to 44 minutes	6,360	3,435	2,920	355	150	205
45 to 59 minutes	2,635	1,690	950	160	80	80
60 minutes and over	2,730	1,860	875	150	75	65
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	49,765	25,980	23,785	3,660	1,835	1,825
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,865	2,100	765	210	160	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,370	6,990	3,380	795	520	275
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,930	7,580	8,350	970	570	405
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,895	2,930	4,965	1,005	385	615
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,805	1,335	2,470	395	110	290
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,895	5,045	3,855	280	90	195
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	61,295	32,055	29,240	6,160	3,295	2,860
Single responses	59,340	30,910	28,435	6,150	3,295	2,860
Official languages	59,230	30,820	28,415	6,135	3,285	2,850
English	1,355	800	555	6,130	3,285	2,845
French	57,880	30,020	27,860	0	0	0
Non-official languages	110	90	15	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	105	90	20	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	95	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	75	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	80	70	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,955	1,145	810	0	0	0
English and French	1,865	1,100	765	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	35	10	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	25	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	61,295	32,055	29,245	6,160	3,295	2,865
None	47,875	24,685	23,185	6,075	3,265	2,810
English	12,035	6,590	5,445	0	0	0
French	1,005	595	410	0	0	10
Non-official language	255	110	140	80	35	45
Aboriginal	0	0	0	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	255	110	140	60	30	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	120	65	60	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	107,065	53,355	53,710	9,300	4,665	4,640
Non-movers	94,245	47,110	47,135	8,255	4,125	4,135
Movers	12,820	6,245	6,575	1,045	535	505
Non-migrants	7,315	3,485	3,825	435	215	220
Migrants	5,500	2,760	2,745	610	320	285
Internal migrants	5,285	2,630	2,650	535	285	245
Intraprovincial migrants	5,180	2,575	2,605	345	190	160
Interprovincial migrants	100	60	45	185	100	80
External migrants	220	130	95	80	35	40
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	102,065	50,885	51,180	8,855	4,445	4,415
Non-movers	64,765	32,565	32,200	6,260	3,140	3,120
Movers	37,300	18,320	18,980	2,590	1,300	1,295
Non-migrants	20,535	9,970	10,565	960	495	465
Migrants	16,765	8,350	8,410	1,630	805	820
Internal migrants	15,810	7,850	7,960	1,320	645	670
Intraprovincial migrants	15,555	7,735	7,825	755	390	370
Interprovincial migrants	255	115	135	565	260	300
External migrants	955	500	455	310	155	155

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Shefford [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Division No. 4, CDR [Census division], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Shefford [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Shefford [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Shefford [Federal electoral district], Quebec and Division No. 4, Census division [Census division], Saskatchewan