Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kitchener South--Hespeler [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Kitchener South--Hespeler Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Kitchener South--Hespeler [Federal electoral district], Ontario  Map : Kitchener South--Hespeler [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	105,309	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	97,673	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.8	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	39,635	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	38,664	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,009.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	104.28	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	105,305	51,945	53,360	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	20,335	10,405	9,925	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	6,595	3,320	3,275	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	7,020	3,585	3,440	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	6,715	3,505	3,210	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	72,120	35,610	36,510	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	6,575	3,370	3,200	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	7,195	3,775	3,415	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	7,470	3,665	3,805	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	7,835	3,810	4,025	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	7,570	3,705	3,870	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	7,695	3,715	3,980	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	7,510	3,755	3,755	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	7,640	3,755	3,880	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	6,945	3,360	3,590	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	5,700	2,700	3,000	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	12,855	5,930	6,925	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	4,700	2,240	2,460	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	3,255	1,575	1,680	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	2,110	1,030	1,075	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	1,380	610	765	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	1,410	470	940	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	855	305	550	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	420	130	285	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	125	30	95	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	15	5	10	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.3	20.0	18.6	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	68.5	68.6	68.4	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	12.2	11.4	13.0	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	1.3	0.9	1.8	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	37.7	36.9	38.4	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	37.1	36.3	38.0	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	38,665	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	19,925	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	4,970	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	13,755	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,815	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	6,215	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	840	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,860	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	20	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	38,660	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	8,140	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	12,615	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	6,925	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	6,980	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	4,010	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	104,120	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	84,975	41,540	43,435	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	50,815	25,370	25,445	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	42,725	21,325	21,400	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	8,090	4,045	4,045	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	34,160	16,170	17,990	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	22,990	12,520	10,475	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	2,725	1,090	1,630	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	4,795	1,800	2,995	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	3,650	760	2,890	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	30,100	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	13,600	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	6,905	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	6,750	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	2,840	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	30,100	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	24,945	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	20,905	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	4,040	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,150	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	4,145	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	1,005	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	24,950	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	10,635	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	14,315	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	5,330	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	6,305	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	2,680	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,150	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	2,965	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	1,580	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	610	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,060	7,130	6,925	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	38,665	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	28,055	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	9,810	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	18,250	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,005	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	9,610	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	8,135	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,470	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	104,275	51,640	52,635	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	96,435	48,275	48,165	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	40	15	30	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	6,055	2,635	3,420	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	1,745	715	1,025	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	104,270	51,640	52,635	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	100,675	50,040	50,635	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	1,310	605	705	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	590	290	290	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	1,705	705	1,000	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	1,600	750	855	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.5	1.5	1.6	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	104,275	51,640	52,635	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	101,970	50,530	51,435	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	76,955	38,265	38,685	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	75,640	37,650	37,990	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	1,310	620	695	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	25,015	12,265	12,750	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	0	0	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	315	125	190
Plains Cree	0	0	0	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	0	0	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	0	0	0	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	0	0	0	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	0	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	0	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	0	0	0	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	0	0	0	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	0	0	0	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	0	0	0	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	0	0	0	465	230	235
Salish languages	0	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	0	0	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	25,015	12,260	12,750	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,275	1,130	1,140	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	5	0	0	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	0	0	0	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	375	170	205	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	0	0	0	805	455	350
Oromo	30	10	15	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	340	155	185	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	365	195	170
Semitic languages	1,900	960	935	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	235	110	125	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	1,345	690	655	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	85	50	40	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	10	5	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	10	5	5	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	20	10	5	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	10	5	5	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	165	75	95	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	760	385	375	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	40	35	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	690	345	345	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	620	225	390	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	0	0	0	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	15	5	10	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	0	0	0	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	15	5	15	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	25	5	15	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	0	0	0	1,430	665	760
Malay	40	15	30	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	0	0	0	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	500	190	310	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	35	15	15	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	5	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	450	240	210	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	20	10	5	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	220	115	100	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	120	65	55	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	85	45	40	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	125	60	60	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	17,480	8,645	8,835	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	380	200	180	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	115	55	60	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	4,360	2,095	2,265	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	30	10	15	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	10	10	10	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	15	5	10	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	4,335	2,085	2,245	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	5	0	0	810	385	430
Bosnian	130	65	60	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	35	15	15	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	555	275	280	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	185	85	100	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	75	35	35	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	1,230	570	665	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	305	135	170	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	1,265	635	635	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	120	55	60	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	145	70	75	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	75	40	35	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	140	70	70	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	75	35	40	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	5	5	0	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	1,090	540	550
Welsh	5	5	0	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	530	295	235
Germanic languages	1,895	895	1,005	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	30	20	10	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	35	20	20	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	305	145	165	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	5	5	0	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	1,495	695	800	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	0	0	5	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	5	0	5	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	10	5	5	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	0	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	0	0	0	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	525	280	240
Greek	260	140	120	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	4,480	2,355	2,120	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	3,240	1,740	1,500	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	120	65	50	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	480	260	225	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	340	195	145	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	0	0	0	565	300	265
Konkani	15	5	5	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	30	15	10	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	55	35	25	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,435	770	670	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	40	20	25	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	20	20	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	685	355	325	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	1,175	585	590	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	205	100	100	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	150	85	65	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	825	400	425	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	60	30	30	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	5,985	2,895	3,085	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	0	0	0	865	440	425
Italian	325	185	140	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	1,550	730	820	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	1,495	740	755	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	2,615	1,235	1,375	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	380	340
Japanese	80	30	50	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	1,715	910	805
Georgian	0	0	0	1,715	910	805
Korean	380	175	210	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	0	0	0	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	190	90	105	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	20	15	5	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	0	0	0	1,535	815	720
Edo	0	0	0	1,670	770	900
Ewe	0	0	0	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	0	5	0	920	445	470
Ganda	0	0	5	1,295	625	665
Igbo	5	5	5	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	0	0	0	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	5	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	15	5	10	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	60	20	35	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	10	5	5	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	25	15	10	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	50	30	25	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	0	0	0	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	50	30	25	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	35	10	20	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	25	5	20	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,625	795	825	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	1,525	745	780	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	315	150	165	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	10	0	0	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	1,065	515	550	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	0	0	0	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	40	20	15	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	15	10	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	80	45	35	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	95	50	45	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	30	15	15	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	45	25	20	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	5	5	0	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	250	115	135	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	230	110	125	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	15	0	15	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	80	35	55
Turkic languages	220	100	120	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	185	80	100	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	0	0	0	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	5	5	0	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	435	215	220	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	15	10	5	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	20	10	15	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	395	190	205	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	2,305	1,110	1,195	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	245	110	135	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	1,940	945	1,000	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	65	35	35	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	55	25	30	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	104,275	51,640	52,630	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	98,800	48,960	49,845	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	86,045	42,685	43,355	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	85,690	42,525	43,160	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	355	160	190	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	12,760	6,270	6,490	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	0	0	0	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	0	0	0	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,760	6,265	6,490	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,500	730	770	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	0	0	0	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	0	0	0	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	255	115	140	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	0	0	0	620	330	285
Oromo	20	5	10	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	235	110	130	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	185	85	95
Semitic languages	1,250	620	630	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	160	80	85	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	920	460	460	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	50	25	20	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	5	0	0	735	335	400
Hebrew	10	0	5	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	0	0	0	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	95	45	50	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	450	225	215	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	10	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	425	220	205	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	185	80	110	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	0	0	0	290	140	155
Cebuano	0	0	0	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	0	0	0	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	0	5	0	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	0	0	0	435	220	210
Malay	30	10	15	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	0	0	0	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145	60	90	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	20	15	10	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	305	170	140	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	15	10	0	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	155	85	75	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	75	40	30	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	60	35	25	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	45	20	25	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	8,305	4,095	4,215	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	220	120	105	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	70	35	35	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	2,075	1,000	1,070	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	5	0	5	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	5	0	0	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	0	0	0	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	2,065	1,000	1,070	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	0	0	0	230	105	120
Bosnian	65	30	35	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	20	10	10	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	230	115	115	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	60	30	25	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	40	20	20	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	505	235	275	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	160	75	85	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	785	380	405	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	50	20	30	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	50	20	30	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	5	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	45	20	25	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	670	310	360
Celtic languages	0	0	0	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	185	105	80
Welsh	0	0	0	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	225	100	120	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	10	10	5	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	0	0	5	855	410	445
Dutch	20	15	10	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	0	0	0	185	95	90
German	180	75	105	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	0	0	0	270	120	150
Norwegian	0	0	0	345	145	200
Swedish	5	5	5	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	355	170	185
Yiddish	0	0	0	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,625	820	810
Greek	105	50	55	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	2,695	1,365	1,330	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	1,870	980	890	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	70	35	35	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	270	145	125	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	190	100	90	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	0	0	0	135	70	70
Konkani	5	5	5	720	355	370
Marathi	0	0	0	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	40	20	15	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	5	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	895	470	420	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	25	10	15	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	365	185	180	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	805	380	425	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	100	45	50	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	80	40	45	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	625	290	330	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	15	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	2,920	1,415	1,505	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	0	0	0	355	165	190
Italian	35	15	20	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	585	285	305	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	735	360	375	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	1,560	755	800	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	180	85	95
Japanese	55	25	25	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	1,040	565	475
Georgian	0	0	0	1,035	565	475
Korean	305	135	170	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	910	440	470
Mongolian	0	0	0	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	50	20	35	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	0	0	0	340	180	160
Edo	0	0	0	415	175	240
Ewe	0	0	0	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	825	400	425
Ga	0	0	0	250	105	140
Ganda	0	0	0	345	160	185
Igbo	5	0	0	1,000	485	510
Lingala	0	0	0	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	5	1,530	670	865
Shona	0	0	0	1,035	475	560
Swahili	25	10	15	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	0	0	0	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	0	0	0	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	40	20	15	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	0	0	0	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	40	20	15	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	50	25	30	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	30	10	20	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,095	545	550	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	1,000	490	505	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	165	85	80	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	5	5	0	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	765	370	390	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	0	0	0	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	5	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	50	30	20	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	95	50	40	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	30	20	15	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	55	30	25	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	0	0	0	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	115	55	60	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	110	55	55	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	10	5	5	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkic languages	100	45	55	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	1,245	640	610
Turkish	85	40	45	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	0	0	0	610	315	290
Uzbek	5	0	5	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	455	230	225
Uralic languages	130	60	75	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	5	0	5	975	365	610
Finnish	0	0	0	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	125	60	65	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	5,475	2,680	2,790	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	135	60	75	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	5,200	2,570	2,630	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	25	10	20	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	115	45	65	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	104,270	51,640	52,635	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	89,670	44,575	45,095	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	5,905	2,940	2,965	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	1,035	430	605	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	7,410	3,585	3,820	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	5	0	0	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	7,400	3,585	3,825	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	60	25	35	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	120	60	60	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	75	25	45	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	83,805	41,195	42,605	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	80,205	39,540	40,665	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,923	44,729	30,421	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	80,215	39,540	40,670	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,208	39,449	28,033	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,730	36,750	35,985	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,211	45,010	28,695	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	55,305	24,275	31,035	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,326	1,184	4,742	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,445	32,905	30,535	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,039	46,322	31,040	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	83,775	41,180	42,595	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,125	39,500	40,625	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,354	56,533	38,428	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,130	39,500	40,630	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,276	45,626	33,101	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,420	36,600	35,820	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,134	56,978	37,075	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	55,450	24,535	30,915	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,866	6,019	7,539	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,440	32,875	30,560	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,082	55,834	37,668	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	83,775	41,180	42,590	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	33,695	18,995	14,700	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	54,335	60,609	47,048	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	64,637	73,417	53,290	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	89.9	93.3	84.9	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	78.9	82.6	73.6	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	10.1	6.6	15.1	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	83,800	41,195	42,610	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	3,595	1,650	1,950	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	80,205	39,540	40,660	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	95.7	96.0	95.4	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,850	4,575	6,280	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	12,305	4,725	7,580	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	10,385	4,155	6,225	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	9,550	4,205	5,340	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	8,970	4,305	4,665	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	7,155	3,850	3,305	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	5,290	3,085	2,210	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	3,945	2,485	1,460	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	2,940	1,880	1,065	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	2,625	1,635	990	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	6,190	4,640	1,550	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	4,270	3,135	1,140	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	1,920	1,510	410	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	83,800	41,195	42,605	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	3,585	1,650	1,935	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	80,215	39,540	40,670	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	96.0	95.5	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,065	4,635	6,425	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	13,000	5,020	7,980	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	12,210	4,960	7,245	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	11,865	5,470	6,400	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	10,300	5,395	4,900	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	7,095	4,120	2,980	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	4,875	3,105	1,765	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	3,660	2,295	1,365	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	6,145	4,535	1,610	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	2,175	1,535	640	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	1,200	860	345	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	2,770	2,145	630	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	83,805	41,195	42,605	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	20,355	8,290	12,075	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	63,440	32,910	30,535	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	75.7	79.9	71.7	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,180	3,350	3,830	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	4,670	1,975	2,695	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	7,820	3,315	4,505	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	6,480	2,665	3,815	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	6,970	3,025	3,945	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	6,875	3,360	3,520	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	5,770	3,260	2,510	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	4,265	2,570	1,690	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	3,310	2,145	1,165	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	10,110	7,245	2,865	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	2,635	1,750	885	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	2,305	1,465	840	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	5,170	4,030	1,140	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	38,665	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	79,851	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,795	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	8,140	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,965	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,933	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	30,525	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,593	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,212	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	38,680	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	98,096	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,366	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,145	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,253	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,928	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	30,530	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	111,125	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,154	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	38,665	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	470	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	325	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	720	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	825	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,170	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,120	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,355	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,495	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,510	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,580	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,030	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,965	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,815	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,460	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,450	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,380	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,790	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,325	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,635	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,620	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	38,665	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	505	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	335	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	730	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	865	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,280	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,290	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,680	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,790	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,860	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,895	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,720	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,450	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,195	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,905	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,490	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,665	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,585	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,710	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,365	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	29,445	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,825	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,291	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,555	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,721	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,029	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	14,420	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,942	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,696	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,705	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,575	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,117	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	29,450	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,608	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,402	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,550	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	103,940	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,917	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	14,460	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	131,584	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,507	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,670	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,223	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,756	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	11,830	6,240	5,590	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	36,241	39,896	32,811	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,437	35,084	29,932	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	11,815	6,105	5,710	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,958	47,226	38,395	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	36,061	38,588	33,361	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	104,115	51,590	52,530	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	47,535	22,765	24,770	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	8,610	4,125	4,485	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	8,190	3,715	4,475	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	9,520	4,435	5,080	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	10,125	4,975	5,150	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	11,095	5,515	5,575	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	56,580	28,820	27,760	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	11,220	5,620	5,600	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	11,705	5,965	5,735	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	12,390	6,290	6,105	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	11,765	6,030	5,735	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	9,500	4,915	4,590	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	104,115	51,585	52,530	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	24,210	12,345	11,865	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	7,990	4,045	3,945	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	67,910	33,575	34,330	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	12,000	5,670	6,330	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,990	5,530	6,460	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	3,905	1,940	1,960	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	1,410	690	725	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	7,015	3,200	3,820	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	1,075	395	680	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.5	10.7	12.3	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	16.1	15.7	16.5	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.6	17.1	18.4	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	10.3	9.5	11.1	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	9.0	7.0	10.7	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,125	3,490	3,635	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	2,035	1,030	1,005	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	720	365	360	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	4,855	2,355	2,500	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	240	105	130	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.8	6.8	6.9	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	8.3	8.5	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	9.0	9.0	9.1	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	7.1	7.0	7.3	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.9	2.1	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	104,210	51,635	52,575	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	102,445	50,925	51,515	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	102,375	50,915	51,465	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	6,175	2,670	3,505	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	29,875	14,545	15,325	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	0	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	545	225	320
Plains Cree	10	0	10	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	0	0	0	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	0	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	0	0	0	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	0	0	0	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	0	0	0	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	0	0	0	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	0	0	0	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	0	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	0	0	0	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	0	0	0	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	0	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	29,865	14,545	15,320	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,790	1,420	1,375	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	0	0	0	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	0	0	0	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	530	295	240	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	10	0	10	1,085	625	470
Oromo	35	20	15	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	495	275	220	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	480	220	265
Semitic languages	2,280	1,135	1,150	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	325	170	155	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	1,665	820	845	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	105	60	40	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	25	10	15	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	0	0	0	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	80	50	25	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	10	0	0	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	295	125	170	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	900	420	475	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	30	40	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	830	395	435	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	795	265	530	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	10	0	0	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	25	0	25	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	0	0	0	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	15	0	15	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	10	0	10	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	0	0	0	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	45	20	25	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	0	0	0	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	735	240	490	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	110	50	60	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	15	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	80	35	45	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	565	265	295	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	40	20	20	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	185	85	100	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	215	95	120	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	135	65	65	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	110	55	55	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	21,505	10,625	10,875	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	345	170	175	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	135	70	70	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	5,090	2,510	2,580	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	40	15	25	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	30	10	20	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	10	0	10	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	5,055	2,495	2,555	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	15	10	0	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	205	100	105	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	35	15	20	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	925	445	480	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	200	105	100	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	120	50	65	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	1,370	610	760	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	390	175	215	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	1,695	900	790	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	200	105	95	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	155	100	55	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	95	45	50	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	145	70	70	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	30	20	10	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	10	10	10	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	2,595	1,215	1,375	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	45	25	25	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	30	10	20	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	400	175	230	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	15	10	10	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	2,130	1,010	1,120	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	10	0	0	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	15	10	0	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	15	10	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	0	0	0	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	475	260	220	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	5,805	3,030	2,780	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	4,490	2,385	2,110	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	140	75	70	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	645	325	320	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	1,690	925	770	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	0	0	0	905	490	420
Konkani	35	20	15	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	60	35	20	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	150	70	80	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,060	1,130	925	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	110	50	60	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	45	25	25	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	1,030	530	500	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	1,395	690	700	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	290	150	140	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	90	65	25	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	1,075	515	555	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	7,540	3,630	3,910	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	10	0	0	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	510	275	240	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	1,850	870	980	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	1,720	845	875	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	3,690	1,745	1,945	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	125	55	65	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	0	0	10	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	10	0	0	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	345	155	190	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	0	0	0	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	270	130	140	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	35	20	10	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	0	0	0	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	15	10	10	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	10	0	0	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	0	0	0	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	15	0	15	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	10	0	0	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	10	10	10	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	0	20	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	15	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	10	0	0	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	100	45	55	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	0	0	0	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	40	30	15	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	105	55	50	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	0	0	0	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	105	55	55	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	170	60	110	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	115	30	80	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	55	30	30	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,880	935	945	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	1,810	890	920	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	380	185	200	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	20	0	15	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	1,375	655	720	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	0	0	0	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	65	30	35	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	15	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	100	40	60	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	75	50	20	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	0	0	0	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	45	25	20	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	10	10	0	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	165	70	95	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	160	70	95	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	30	10	20	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	380	175	200	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	35	20	15	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	315	140	175	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	0	0	0	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	20	15	10	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	540	255	290	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	50	25	25	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	15	20	0	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	475	210	260	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	104,210	51,635	52,575	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	96,995	47,985	49,010	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	23,290	11,960	11,330	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	73,705	36,025	37,680	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	7,220	3,650	3,570	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	104,210	51,635	52,575	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	76,815	38,380	38,435	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	25,680	12,290	13,390	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	6,795	3,280	3,515	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	3,535	1,710	1,825	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	5,325	2,595	2,735	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	6,740	3,100	3,640	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	3,375	1,565	1,810	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	3,360	1,530	1,830	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	3,285	1,620	1,670	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	1,715	960	755	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	25,680	12,290	13,390	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	3,085	1,495	1,580	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	5,040	2,510	2,530	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	5,885	2,680	3,205	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	9,805	4,810	5,000	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	1,865	795	1,070	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	25,680	12,295	13,385	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	4,460	2,000	2,460	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	80	30	50	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	665	300	365	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	475	240	235	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	600	280	320	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	0	0	0	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	545	235	310	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	215	85	135	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	40	20	20	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	155	60	95	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	745	325	425	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	935	425	510	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	10,815	5,230	5,590	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	830	430	395	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	520	265	255	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	55	20	35	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	870	420	450	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	115	50	65	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	170	95	75	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	55	20	40	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	190	120	65	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	360	180	180	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	995	435	570	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	985	470	515	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	1,400	660	740	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	125	50	70	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	630	325	305	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	60	30	35	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	2,395	1,125	1,270	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	1,060	545	515	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	1,710	870	845	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	10	0	0	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	245	110	135	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	235	110	120	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	120	60	55	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	0	0	0	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	65	40	25	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	300	150	150	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	85	40	45	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	650	340	315	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	8,645	4,185	4,460	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	465	210	255	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	145	80	65	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	960	450	515	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	65	35	30	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	2,040	1,010	1,025	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	285	155	130	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	505	275	240	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	10	10	10	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	185	105	85	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	120	60	65	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	690	355	335	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	735	285	450	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	135	55	85	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	320	155	165	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	40	10	25	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	635	300	340	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	1,300	650	650	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	50	20	35	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	3,290	1,615	1,670	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	470	225	245	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	10	10	0	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	100	40	60	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	35	15	15	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	0	0	0	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	55	50	10	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	40	10	30	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	110	40	65	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	0	0	0	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	115	55	55	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	450	220	235	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	0	0	0	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	30	25	0	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	20	10	10	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	10	0	10	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	110	55	55	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	15	0	10	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	10	10	10	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	50	20	35	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	210	95	115	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	495	275	225	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	0	10	0	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	0	0	0	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	10	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	75	30	45	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	80	40	40	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	70	40	30	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	0	0	0	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	35	20	10	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	140	85	55	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	0	0	0	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	70	50	25	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	1,860	885	970	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	70	25	45	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	15	10	10	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	190	90	95	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	10	10	0	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	465	245	220	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	45	20	25	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	200	110	85	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	15	15	0	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	0	0	0	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	15	10	0	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	10	10	0	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	40	15	25	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	100	50	55	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	230	75	155	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	30	20	10	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	205	100	105	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	0	0	0	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	10	10	0	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	50	20	30	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	150	70	75	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	10	15	0	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	10	0	0	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	0	0	0	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	104,210	51,635	52,575	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	27,745	13,440	14,310	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	22,785	11,480	11,305	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	53,680	26,715	26,965	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	19,200	9,155	10,040	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	7,040	3,545	3,495	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	2,645	1,870	770	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	4,395	1,675	2,720	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	5,730	2,290	3,435	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	6,225	3,235	2,995	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	200	80	120	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	104,215	51,635	52,575	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,855	880	970	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,800	870	935	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	1,260	575	685	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	540	290	250	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	0	10	0	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	45	15	30	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	102,360	50,750	51,610	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	104,210	51,635	52,580	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	670	330	345	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	103,540	51,310	52,235	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	104,215	51,630	52,580	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	345	165	180	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	345	170	175	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	290	125	165	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	60	45	10	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	0	0	0	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	2,855	1,390	1,470	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	2,810	1,360	1,450	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,245	1,090	1,155	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	540	270	270	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	0	25	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	45	25	20	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	25	15	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	101,010	50,080	50,930	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	104,210	51,635	52,580	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	22,625	11,320	11,310	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	6,115	3,230	2,890	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	2,085	1,055	1,030	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	4,255	2,195	2,060	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	1,035	440	590	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	2,690	1,300	1,390	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	1,575	755	820	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	1,620	775	845	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	1,130	585	550	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	420	200	215	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	110	40	65	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	865	360	505	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	730	375	355	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	81,585	40,320	41,270	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	104,215	51,635	52,575	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	3,205	1,555	1,650	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,570	1,235	1,335	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	35	10	30	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	640	335	300	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	27,950	14,160	13,790	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	185	70	115	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	1,060	550	520	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	27,125	13,770	13,350	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	195	85	110	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	25	10	20	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	15	10	10	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	25	10	10	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	15	10	0	1,895	950	945
European origins	71,980	35,095	36,885	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	42,700	20,535	22,165	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	15	10	0	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	0	0	0	1,975	995	975
English	24,060	11,490	12,575	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	17,290	7,940	9,345	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	10	0	10	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	18,085	8,555	9,535	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	1,870	960	910	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	2,860	1,335	1,525	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	9,590	4,630	4,955	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	40	20	25	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	0	0	0	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	0	0	0	1,750	950	805
French	9,550	4,615	4,930	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	24,575	12,220	12,360	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	865	355	510	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	0	10	0	940	485	455
Belgian	455	210	240	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	4,360	2,230	2,125	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	30	15	15	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	10	10	10	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	20,190	10,040	10,145	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	0	10	0	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	685	355	325	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	0	0	0	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,555	715	840	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	305	130	175	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	310	145	170	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	75	45	35	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	450	210	235	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	345	150	200	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	115	60	60	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	12,685	6,010	6,675	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	105	55	55	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	85	35	50	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	470	250	225	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	130	50	80	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	95	35	60	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	1,785	840	945	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	130	60	75	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	175	85	95	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	30	0	30	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	5,275	2,515	2,765	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	2,290	1,070	1,220	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	1,035	425	610	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	365	215	155	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	2,260	1,040	1,220	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	75	35	35	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	13,840	6,890	6,955	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	350	165	180	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	425	225	205	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	0	0	0	1,280	740	535
Croatian	1,430	660	770	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	180	80	90	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	865	420	450	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	4,060	2,010	2,055	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	50	25	30	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	205	105	100	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	95	50	40	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	50	25	25	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	3,615	1,805	1,815	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	1,800	930	865	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	20	20	0	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	330	160	170	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	1,220	555	660	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	350	205	145	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	0	0	0	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	445	220	225	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	10	10	0	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	230	100	130	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	10	0	10	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	200	115	85	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	2,735	1,295	1,440	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	35	15	15	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	15	0	10	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	190	90	100	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	25	10	20	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	0	0	0	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	175	65	115	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	55	20	25	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	45	35	15	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	1,125	515	605
Haitian	20	15	10	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	1,555	755	795	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	10	0	10	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	15	0	10	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	15	0	10	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	40	25	20	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	325	175	145	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	70	25	45	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	330	140	190	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	70	30	40	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	3,710	1,755	1,950	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	115	60	55	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	0	0	10	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	60	30	25	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	0	0	0	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	15	0	0	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	135	55	80	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	70	25	45	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	975	470	505	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	20	15	10	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	50	25	20	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	225	95	130	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	685	305	375	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	35	20	15	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	65	35	30	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	20	15	10	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	355	165	190	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	170	90	75	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	15	10	10	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	0	0	10	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	90	50	35	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	585	300	285	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	30	10	15	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	35	10	20	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	175	75	100	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	3,215	1,660	1,555	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	405	210	190	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	15	0	10	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	0	0	0	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	10	0	10	1,585	855	735
Beninese	0	0	0	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	0	0	0	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	10	0	0	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	0	0	0	1,845	955	885
Congolese	60	25	40	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	0	0	0	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	0	0	0	845	470	375
Gabonese	0	0	0	1,405	660	750
Gambian	10	10	0	975	495	475
Ghanaian	80	45	35	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	10	10	0	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	0	0	0	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	0	0	0	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	30	25	0	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	0	0	0	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	0	0	0	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	100	45	55	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	0	0	0	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	0	0	10	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	0	0	0	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	0	0	0	840	495	345
Yoruba	50	45	10	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	55	25	30	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	660	345	315	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	20	15	10	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	0	0	0	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	15	0	10	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	0	0	0	900	500	400
Egyptian	395	195	200	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	0	0	0	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	0	0	0	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	40	15	25	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	200	125	80	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	0	0	0	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	0	0	0	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	1,600	835	770	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	0	0	0	1,870	955	915
Amhara	10	10	0	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	15	15	10	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	20	0	20	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	0	0	0	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	400	180	220	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	365	195	170	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	0	0	0	665	355	305
Kenyan	35	20	20	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	0	0	0	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	15	10	0	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	15	15	10	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	30	10	20	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	10	0	0	1,285	575	710
Somali	565	315	255	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	145	75	70	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	0	0	10	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	10	10	0	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	25	10	20	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	0	0	0	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	0	0	0	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	45	25	25	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	605	300	310	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	40	20	20	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	570	280	285	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	15,755	7,865	7,890	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,795	1,860	1,935	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	790	400	390	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	315	150	165	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	250	120	125	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	45	30	15	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	50	25	25	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	15	0	10	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	0	0	0	1,515	810	705
Iranian	375	180	195	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	405	205	200	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	50	25	30	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	105	45	55	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	0	10	0	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	290	145	145	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	45	25	20	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	10	0	10	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	370	175	200	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	195	95	100	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	25	10	20	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	40	25	15	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	225	100	120	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	45	25	20	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	0	0	0	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	340	170	175	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	10	10	0	1,040	540	500
Uighur	0	0	0	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	10	0	0	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	20	15	10	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	110	60	45	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	6,310	3,295	3,010	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	130	70	55	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	40	30	10	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	80	40	35	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	4,755	2,515	2,240	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	15	10	0	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	10	0	10	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	0	0	0	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	90	40	50	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	745	395	350	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	500	265	230	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	20	10	15	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	120	55	65	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	70	20	50	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	300	165	135	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	5,860	2,840	3,020	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	115	55	55	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	125	50	80	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	2,560	1,325	1,235	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	1,190	520	665	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	105	55	50	805	420	390
Indonesian	95	40	55	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	135	55	80	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	50	30	15	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	445	215	230	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	355	170	185	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	15	10	0	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	20	15	10	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	0	0	0	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	20	10	15	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	75	25	45	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	0	10	0	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	1,110	565	540	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	10	10	10	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	55	20	40	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	55	20	35	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	110	50	55	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	85	50	40	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	20	10	10	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	0	0	0	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	0	0	0	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	0	0	0	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	0	0	0	1,530	725	805
Samoan	0	0	0	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	0	0	0	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	38,680	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	27,075	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	11,605	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	38,680	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	5,830	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	32,850	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	38,680	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	80	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	3,195	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,840	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,435	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,135	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	38,675	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,090	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	5,770	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	6,850	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	5,740	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,230	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	38,680	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	38,015	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	665	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	38,680	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	36,730	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	1,950	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	38,680	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	3,560	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,885	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,505	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,010	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,900	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,675	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	3,145	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	38,675	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	37,030	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,650	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	38,680	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	20,195	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	17,275	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,210	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	38,680	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,090	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,565	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,980	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,650	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,270	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,535	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,945	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	645	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	38,655	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	29,930	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,725	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,755	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	27,060	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	70.1	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	15.4	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,449	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,482	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	348,855	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	388,343	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,600	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	11.6	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	39.2	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,049	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,083	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	83,775	41,185	42,595	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,755	7,365	7,390	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	25,125	12,610	12,515	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	43,905	21,210	22,690	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,380	3,865	1,515	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	2,605	1,635	975	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	2,770	2,235	540	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,000	8,785	11,210	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,405	620	785	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	17,120	7,945	9,175	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	11,950	5,425	6,530	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,185	520	665	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	440	215	230	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	3,065	1,455	1,610	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	475	330	150	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	58,135	28,330	29,805	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,095	3,180	2,915	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	16,270	8,215	8,055	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,775	16,935	18,835	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,800	2,720	1,085	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,825	1,120	700	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,980	1,595	385	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,540	7,345	9,190	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,025	440	580	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,410	6,430	7,975	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	9,930	4,395	5,540	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,015	420	595	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	405	185	220	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	2,680	1,185	1,495	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	380	255	130	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	83,775	41,185	42,595	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	39,875	19,970	19,905	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	2,020	425	1,595	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	2,020	425	1,595	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,460	610	850	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	285	180	100	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	1,170	425	750	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	2,510	945	1,565	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	240	65	180	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	615	120	495	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	545	165	380	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	30	15	10	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	180	105	75	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	430	245	185	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	370	215	150	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	105	15	90	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,980	1,450	3,535	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	30	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	510	175	340	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,020	60	960	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	610	130	480	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	100	20	80	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	820	165	660	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	1,880	895	980	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	9,190	3,535	5,655	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	795	145	655	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,375	3,395	4,980	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,650	815	835	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	690	275	415	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	435	250	180	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	15	0	15	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	435	270	160	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	20	55	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,210	1,495	710	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,770	1,240	530	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	50	10	40	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	340	215	125	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	50	35	20	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,075	9,110	960	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	270	175	95	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	2,365	1,965	405	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,495	2,190	310	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	1,500	1,460	40	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,815	1,785	35	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	1,615	1,540	75	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	735	415	325	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	465	260	205	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	270	155	120	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	6,080	990	5,090	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	575	260	315	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	5,365	650	4,720	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	140	80	60	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,935	1,415	1,515	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	1,495	395	1,090	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	985	605	380	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	420	380	40	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	65	0	65	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	70	0	65	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	58,135	28,330	29,805	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	22,370	11,390	10,970	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	1,625	325	1,295	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	1,625	325	1,295	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,155	510	645	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	200	155	50	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	955	360	595	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	1,950	645	1,305	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	200	35	160	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	495	90	405	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	405	120	285	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	10	10	10	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	120	60	60	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	310	150	160	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	315	175	145	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	100	15	85	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,190	1,200	2,990	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	20	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	415	140	280	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	800	50	750	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	585	130	450	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	90	20	70	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	715	135	575	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	1,560	715	840	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	7,730	2,930	4,800	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	15	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	655	100	550	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,060	2,825	4,235	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,290	635	660	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	530	205	320	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	335	195	140	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	15	0	20	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	335	210	130	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	20	55	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,960	1,345	620	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,605	1,145	460	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	40	10	40	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	265	160	105	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	45	30	15	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,975	7,120	850	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	230	140	90	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	1,965	1,585	380	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,090	1,835	260	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	1,115	1,085	30	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,350	1,330	30	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	1,220	1,155	65	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	570	305	265	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	355	190	165	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	215	110	100	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	4,905	800	4,105	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	460	210	245	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	4,325	525	3,800	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	70	60	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,365	1,120	1,245	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	1,155	280	880	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	15	0	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	820	485	335	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	370	335	30	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	60	10	50	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	55	10	50	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	83,775	41,180	42,595	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,875	19,970	19,905	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	43,905	21,210	22,685	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	35,715	16,945	18,770	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	33,695	15,990	17,710	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	2,020	960	1,065	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	8,185	4,265	3,920	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	940	510	425	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	395	95	305	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	1,120	660	460	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	670	440	230	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	480	245	235	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	30	20	15	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	4,540	2,300	2,240	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	58,140	28,335	29,810	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,365	11,395	10,970	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	35,770	16,940	18,835	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	29,535	13,920	15,610	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	27,790	13,110	14,680	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	1,745	815	930	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	6,235	3,015	3,225	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	745	385	360	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	335	75	265	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	800	420	380	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	340	205	140	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	415	205	210	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	30	20	15	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	3,565	1,705	1,860	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	83,775	41,185	42,595	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	59,655	30,965	28,690	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	55,840	29,135	26,705	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	3,815	1,830	1,985	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	24,120	10,215	13,905	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	71.2	75.2	67.4	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	66.7	70.7	62.7	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	6.4	5.9	6.9	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	83,775	41,185	42,595	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	22,935	9,580	13,360	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	60,840	31,605	29,240	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	34,360	19,405	14,950	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	26,480	12,195	14,280	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.9	44.5	43.3	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	59,655	30,965	28,690	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	1,130	515	615	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	58,530	30,450	28,075	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	53,660	27,505	26,155	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	4,870	2,950	1,920	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	59,655	30,965	28,690	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	1,130	515	615	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	58,530	30,455	28,080	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	6,400	3,880	2,525	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,030	2,575	6,450	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,760	3,765	995	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	3,330	530	2,805	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,500	1,490	4,010	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,200	555	645	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	13,475	5,505	7,965	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,635	8,000	645	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	550	400	150	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,635	3,745	1,890	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	59,660	30,965	28,690	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	1,130	510	615	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	58,530	30,455	28,080	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	295	155	145	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	55	0	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	250	190	60	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	3,620	3,195	430	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	10,685	7,640	3,040	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	2,825	1,920	905	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	6,660	3,070	3,590	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,925	2,145	775	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	1,605	925	675	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	3,305	1,035	2,270	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	935	515	420	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,055	2,220	1,840	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	100	35	65	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,735	1,530	1,205	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	3,875	1,050	2,820	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	5,735	875	4,855	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	775	435	335	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	3,875	1,465	2,415	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,055	945	1,110	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	2,150	1,050	1,105	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	55,840	29,130	26,710	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	3,085	1,370	1,715	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	180	115	65	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	5,265	3,880	1,385	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	47,310	23,765	23,545	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	47,310	23,765	23,545	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	22,735	9,870	12,860	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15,040	7,895	7,150	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	9,430	5,935	3,490	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	110	65	40	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	52,580	27,650	24,930	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	44,190	23,720	20,470	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,380	1,540	1,835	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	3,175	1,465	1,710	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	1,255	545	710	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	265	230	35	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	300	140	160	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	52,575	27,645	24,925	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	14,265	6,875	7,395	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	23,075	11,555	11,520	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	8,055	4,535	3,515	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	3,085	1,900	1,185	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	4,100	2,780	1,320	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	52,575	27,650	24,925	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,285	3,045	1,235	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,730	6,285	3,445	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,700	6,245	6,450	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10,700	4,415	6,290	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,075	2,100	2,975	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10,090	5,560	4,530	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	62,745	32,495	30,250	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	62,215	32,260	29,955	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	61,835	32,055	29,785	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	61,630	32,025	29,605	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	210	35	175	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	375	210	170	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	375	205	170	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	30	10	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	0	0	0	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	25	10	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	0	0	0	200	95	100
Arabic	30	25	10	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	10	10	0	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	0	15	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	475	230	245
Vietnamese	25	10	20	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	90	50	45
Tamil	0	0	0	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	220	135	85	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	20	20	0	350	220	125
Armenian	0	0	0	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	45	15	25	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	45	20	25	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	155	90	65
Bulgarian	0	0	0	205	110	90
Croatian	0	0	0	220	130	95
Czech	0	0	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	95	45	55
Polish	15	10	15	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	10	0	10	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	20	10	10	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	10	10	10	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	0	0	0	90	50	35
Dutch	10	0	10	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	0	0	10	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	0	0	0	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	25	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	25	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	0	0	0	530	275	245
Gujarati	0	0	0	880	300	585
Hindi	10	0	0	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	0	0	0	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Urdu	10	0	10	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	0	0	0	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	10	10	0	185	150	40
Pashto	0	0	0	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	95	75	25	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	0	0	0	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	50	35	10	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	0	0	0	745	365	380
Spanish	40	25	15	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	25	20	10	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	10	10	0	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	15	45	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	60	20	45	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	0	0	0	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	60	20	40	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	270	155	115
Burmese	0	0	0	75	35	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	675	270	405
Lao	0	0	0	150	70	80
Thai	0	0	0	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	10	0	0	685	435	255
Uyghur	0	0	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	10	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	0	0	0	105	40	65
Hungarian	0	0	0	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Multiple responses	525	230	295	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	125	40	90	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	390	190	200	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	0	0	0	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	62,740	32,495	30,250	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	60,515	31,535	28,985	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	280	110	170	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	690	200	485	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	1,225	650	580	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	0	0	0	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	1,230	645	580	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	0	0	0	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	0	0	0	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	30	0	25	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	102,950	51,045	51,900	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	88,535	43,760	44,775	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	14,420	7,295	7,125	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	8,165	4,170	3,995	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	6,255	3,125	3,125	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	4,920	2,395	2,525	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	4,395	2,115	2,280	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	530	280	245	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	1,330	730	600	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	97,635	48,390	49,250	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	57,995	28,690	29,310	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	39,640	19,700	19,945	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	22,895	11,335	11,560	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	16,745	8,365	8,380	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	12,895	6,350	6,545	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	11,775	5,810	5,965	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	1,120	545	580	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	3,850	2,015	1,835	1,381,460	682,625	698,835