Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 4 (Edmundston area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick and Rainy River, District [Census division], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Zone 4 (Edmundston area) New Brunswick [Health region, December 2017]			Rainy River, DIS Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Zone 4 (Edmundston area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick Map : Zone 4 (Edmundston area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Rainy River, District [Census division], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	47,775	...	...	20,110	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	48,998	...	...	20,370	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.5	...	...	-1.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	22,831	...	...	11,217	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	21,084	...	...	8,432	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.1	...	...	1.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7,802.71	...	...	15,486.75	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	47,775	23,410	24,360	20,110	9,945	10,165
0 to 14 years	6,520	3,290	3,235	3,535	1,795	1,745
0 to 4 years	1,935	1,005	930	1,105	560	540
5 to 9 years	2,275	1,130	1,150	1,195	600	595
10 to 14 years	2,310	1,160	1,150	1,240	630	610
15 to 64 years	30,905	15,350	15,555	12,655	6,315	6,340
15 to 19 years	2,365	1,185	1,185	1,300	655	645
20 to 24 years	2,135	1,085	1,050	1,090	565	530
25 to 29 years	2,115	1,090	1,025	1,030	530	500
30 to 34 years	2,405	1,175	1,230	980	455	530
35 to 39 years	2,705	1,340	1,360	1,040	505	535
40 to 44 years	2,925	1,485	1,440	1,155	580	570
45 to 49 years	3,130	1,540	1,585	1,265	590	675
50 to 54 years	4,080	2,000	2,085	1,495	755	740
55 to 59 years	4,785	2,345	2,440	1,775	895	875
60 to 64 years	4,260	2,110	2,155	1,530	785	740
65 years and over	10,350	4,775	5,570	3,920	1,840	2,080
65 to 69 years	3,770	1,880	1,890	1,300	665	630
70 to 74 years	2,535	1,250	1,290	870	420	450
75 to 79 years	1,655	745	910	660	295	365
80 to 84 years	1,240	500	735	530	250	280
85 years and over	1,150	400	745	555	205	350
85 to 89 years	735	255	475	350	135	215
90 to 94 years	340	120	220	150	55	100
95 to 99 years	65	25	45	40	15	30
100 years and over	5	0	5	15	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.6	14.1	13.3	17.6	18.0	17.2
15 to 64 years	64.7	65.6	63.9	62.9	63.5	62.4
65 years and over	21.7	20.4	22.9	19.5	18.5	20.5
85 years and over	2.4	1.7	3.1	2.8	2.1	3.4
Average age of the population	45.6	44.8	46.3	42.5	41.9	43.0
Median age of the population	49.4	48.5	50.2	44.7	44.1	45.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	21,085	...	...	8,435	...	...
Single-detached house	15,470	...	...	7,140	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	85	...	...	10	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,980	...	...	1,160	...	...
Semi-detached house	645	...	...	110	...	...
Row house	690	...	...	190	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	920	...	...	65	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,580	...	...	735	...	...
Other single-attached house	145	...	...	60	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	540	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	21,085	...	...	8,435	...	...
1 person	6,330	...	...	2,580	...	...
2 persons	8,635	...	...	3,100	...	...
3 persons	2,990	...	...	1,150	...	...
4 persons	2,330	...	...	910	...	...
5 or more persons	800	...	...	685	...	...
Number of persons in private households	46,185	...	...	19,755	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	41,255	20,130	21,130	16,575	8,155	8,420
Married or living common law	25,265	12,630	12,630	9,785	4,905	4,880
Married	17,855	8,935	8,925	7,825	3,925	3,900
Living common law	7,405	3,700	3,710	1,960	985	980
Not married and not living common law	15,990	7,495	8,495	6,785	3,250	3,540
Never married	9,260	5,105	4,150	4,195	2,285	1,905
Separated	1,430	640	785	425	200	220
Divorced	2,115	1,045	1,070	890	455	435
Widowed	3,190	700	2,490	1,275	305	970
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	14,480	...	...	5,810	...	...
2 persons	8,810	...	...	3,260	...	...
3 persons	2,885	...	...	1,135	...	...
4 persons	2,190	...	...	860	...	...
5 or more persons	595	...	...	560	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	14,475	...	...	5,815	...	...
Total couple families	12,400	...	...	4,805	...	...
Married couples	8,700	...	...	3,820	...	...
Common-law couples	3,700	...	...	980	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,080	...	...	1,010	...	...
Female parent	1,590	...	...	740	...	...
Male parent	495	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	12,400	...	...	4,800	...	...
Couples without children	7,435	...	...	2,635	...	...
Couples with children	4,965	...	...	2,170	...	...
1 child	2,325	...	...	870	...	...
2 children	2,080	...	...	775	...	...
3 or more children	565	...	...	525	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,080	...	...	1,010	...	...
1 child	1,375	...	...	625	...	...
2 children	560	...	...	265	...	...
3 or more children	145	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,010	3,905	4,110	3,320	1,620	1,705
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	21,085	...	...	8,430	...	...
One-census-family households	14,050	...	...	5,560	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	7,240	...	...	2,570	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,810	...	...	2,985	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	215	...	...	130	...	...
Non-census-family households	6,820	...	...	2,750	...	...
One-person households	6,330	...	...	2,580	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	495	...	...	170	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	46,890	23,035	23,855	19,850	9,845	10,010
English only	1,775	920	855	19,140	9,555	9,585
French only	17,240	8,305	8,930	5	5	5
English and French	27,835	13,790	14,045	685	275	400
Neither English nor French	40	20	20	20	10	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	46,890	23,040	23,855	19,850	9,845	10,010
English	3,855	1,895	1,960	19,600	9,725	9,875
French	42,790	21,010	21,780	225	110	115
English and French	210	115	90	15	10	10
Neither English nor French	35	20	20	10	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	42,895	21,065	21,830	235	110	120
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	91.5	91.4	91.5	1.2	1.1	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	46,890	23,040	23,850	19,850	9,845	10,010
Single responses	46,300	22,755	23,545	19,705	9,775	9,930
Official languages	45,950	22,570	23,375	18,445	9,190	9,255
English	3,625	1,780	1,845	18,175	9,055	9,120
French	42,325	20,785	21,535	275	135	140
Non-official languages	355	185	165	1,255	590	670
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	565	260	315
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	565	255	310
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	560	255	310
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	555	250	310
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	350	185	165	690	330	360
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	60	30	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	55	30	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	85	55	30	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	10	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	30	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	20	5	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	70	75	570	275	295
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	130	60	70
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	130	60	70
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	30	15	10
Russian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	85	40	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	360	175	190
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	5	0	5
Dutch	20	10	5	70	40	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	5	0
German	10	0	10	270	125	145
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	10	5	0
Bengali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	40	50	70	35	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	35	25	15
Portuguese	5	5	5	15	5	15
Romanian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Spanish	30	10	15	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	20	15	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	20	10	10
Chinese languages	25	10	10	20	5	15
Cantonese	10	5	5	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
Lao	5	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	585	275	305	145	70	80
English and French	545	255	290	25	10	15
English and non-official language	10	5	5	120	55	65
French and non-official language	30	15	10	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	46,890	23,035	23,855	19,850	9,845	10,005
Single responses	46,120	22,655	23,465	19,690	9,780	9,910
Official languages	45,950	22,560	23,385	19,425	9,655	9,765
English	3,760	1,865	1,900	19,385	9,635	9,750
French	42,185	20,690	21,495	40	20	15
Non-official languages	175	95	75	260	120	140
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	145	65	80
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	145	70	80
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	145	70	80
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	145	70	75
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	170	100	80	115	55	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	30	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	40	35	80	40	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	50	25	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	45	25	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	25	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	5	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	5	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	15	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	5	5	0
Chinese languages	20	10	10	5	5	0
Cantonese	15	10	5	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	770	385	385	165	65	100
English and French	675	335	340	25	5	15
English and non-official language	30	10	15	140	60	85
French and non-official language	50	25	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	46,890	23,035	23,850	19,855	9,845	10,005
None	38,555	18,995	19,560	18,990	9,435	9,550
English	6,790	3,290	3,505	100	50	50
French	1,390	670	715	100	45	55
Non-official language	130	70	60	660	310	350
Aboriginal	5	5	5	435	205	230
Non-Aboriginal	125	65	60	225	105	120
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	5	5	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	39,670	19,505	20,165	16,245	8,000	8,240
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	38,555	19,050	19,510	15,660	7,735	7,920
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,363	35,997	24,005	33,928	42,011	28,053
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	38,565	19,050	19,515	15,665	7,735	7,930
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,817	31,903	22,597	31,002	37,678	25,870
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,870	16,840	16,035	13,890	6,975	6,910
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,546	32,909	21,296	30,763	38,663	24,079
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	29,540	13,465	16,080	11,795	5,560	6,235
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,425	9,429	7,651	8,258	8,397	7,952
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,020	14,270	12,750	11,175	5,785	5,395
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,776	33,702	23,045	30,615	34,848	27,290
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	39,730	19,540	20,185	16,245	7,935	8,310
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,545	19,070	19,480	15,640	7,690	7,955
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,746	41,830	29,788	42,350	49,680	35,266
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,565	19,065	19,490	15,650	7,690	7,960
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,754	35,379	26,229	36,055	41,324	30,969
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,060	16,920	16,140	13,895	6,895	6,995
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,570	39,416	27,442	39,781	47,943	31,736
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,410	13,355	16,045	11,935	5,640	6,295
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,114	9,790	8,551	9,196	9,089	9,292
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,060	14,365	12,700	11,175	5,680	5,495
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,056	38,573	28,946	39,348	45,801	32,686
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	39,730	19,545	20,185	16,245	7,935	8,315
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	12,055	6,625	5,435	4,620	2,400	2,220
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,887	47,603	36,878	51,501	58,733	44,920
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,685	53,770	42,484	59,355	67,795	50,235
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.1	83.3	75.6	83.4	86.6	78.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.8	69.7	63.0	66.3	67.8	64.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.9	16.7	24.4	16.6	13.4	21.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	39,675	19,505	20,165	16,245	8,005	8,240
Without total income	1,115	460	655	580	265	320
With total income	38,560	19,050	19,510	15,660	7,735	7,925
Percentage with total income	97.2	97.7	96.8	96.4	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,945	1,860	3,085	2,245	1,005	1,240
$10,000 to $19,999	7,825	2,945	4,875	2,660	1,045	1,615
$20,000 to $29,999	6,910	2,780	4,130	2,190	870	1,325
$30,000 to $39,999	6,110	3,250	2,860	1,845	795	1,055
$40,000 to $49,999	4,600	2,835	1,765	1,790	875	915
$50,000 to $59,999	2,765	1,855	910	1,390	790	595
$60,000 to $69,999	1,735	1,150	575	980	625	350
$70,000 to $79,999	1,370	735	625	700	450	250
$80,000 to $89,999	825	475	355	475	290	175
$90,000 to $99,999	440	320	115	445	260	180
$100,000 and over	1,045	830	215	945	725	220
$100,000 to $149,999	780	625	155	725	550	175
$150,000 and over	265	205	60	225	180	45
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	39,670	19,505	20,165	16,245	8,005	8,240
Without after-tax income	1,105	460	650	575	265	310
With after-tax income	38,565	19,050	19,520	15,670	7,735	7,930
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.7	96.8	96.5	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,085	1,880	3,210	2,325	1,020	1,305
$10,000 to $19,999	8,295	3,130	5,165	2,760	1,095	1,665
$20,000 to $29,999	8,465	3,700	4,760	2,525	1,010	1,515
$30,000 to $39,999	7,145	4,165	2,975	2,270	1,040	1,225
$40,000 to $49,999	4,195	2,695	1,505	1,965	1,070	895
$50,000 to $59,999	2,300	1,465	835	1,330	820	510
$60,000 to $69,999	1,510	815	700	890	580	310
$70,000 to $79,999	625	450	175	620	360	260
$80,000 and over	945	745	200	985	745	235
$80,000 to $89,999	340	270	70	405	270	135
$90,000 to $99,999	200	155	40	200	165	35
$100,000 and over	405	320	90	375	305	70
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	39,675	19,505	20,165	16,240	8,005	8,240
Without employment income	12,655	5,240	7,415	5,070	2,220	2,845
With employment income	27,020	14,270	12,750	11,175	5,785	5,395
Percentage with employment income	68.1	73.2	63.2	68.8	72.3	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,440	1,715	1,725	1,980	1,080	900
$5,000 to $9,999	2,425	920	1,500	945	425	520
$10,000 to $19,999	4,335	1,930	2,405	1,385	615	770
$20,000 to $29,999	4,225	1,865	2,365	1,200	515	690
$30,000 to $39,999	3,600	1,985	1,610	1,225	520	700
$40,000 to $49,999	2,985	1,855	1,125	1,080	475	605
$50,000 to $59,999	1,835	1,275	565	835	470	370
$60,000 to $69,999	1,260	865	400	615	370	240
$70,000 to $79,999	1,195	600	600	455	290	165
$80,000 and over	1,715	1,255	460	1,460	1,030	425
$80,000 to $89,999	615	380	235	365	230	135
$90,000 to $99,999	360	270	85	370	225	145
$100,000 and over	745	605	140	725	575	150
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	21,080	...	...	8,435	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,331	...	...	64,320	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,910	...	...	57,632	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,330	...	...	2,580	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,921	...	...	31,104	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,709	...	...	28,693	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	14,755	...	...	5,850	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,113	...	...	82,286	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,054	...	...	73,273	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	21,100	...	...	8,435	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,295	...	...	78,564	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,201	...	...	66,921	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,330	...	...	2,590	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,233	...	...	39,310	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,157	...	...	34,085	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	14,770	...	...	5,840	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,473	...	...	95,988	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,227	...	...	81,496	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	21,085	...	...	8,430	...	...
Under $5,000	165	...	...	125	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	630	...	...	145	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	540	...	...	260	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,415	...	...	375	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,205	...	...	495	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,220	...	...	365	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,405	...	...	390	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,280	...	...	390	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,030	...	...	370	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	985	...	...	375	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,895	...	...	680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,690	...	...	610	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,465	...	...	580	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,320	...	...	520	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	990	...	...	430	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,850	...	...	2,320	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,755	...	...	875	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,010	...	...	570	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	755	...	...	585	...	...
$200,000 and over	335	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	21,085	...	...	8,435	...	...
Under $5,000	175	...	...	130	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	630	...	...	150	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	550	...	...	265	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,485	...	...	390	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,365	...	...	535	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,415	...	...	410	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,590	...	...	450	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,365	...	...	450	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,255	...	...	445	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,175	...	...	415	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,200	...	...	765	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,905	...	...	740	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,540	...	...	650	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,200	...	...	545	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	895	...	...	445	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,330	...	...	1,650	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,375	...	...	790	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	530	...	...	450	...	...
$150,000 and over	425	...	...	415	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	14,435	...	...	5,760	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,168	...	...	82,240	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,054	...	...	73,205	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	7,105	...	...	2,515	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,024	...	...	78,127	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,349	...	...	68,764	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,045	...	...	2,190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,293	...	...	112,299	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,709	...	...	97,606	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,950	...	...	915	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,401	...	...	47,019	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,729	...	...	44,800	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	14,500	...	...	5,735	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,398	...	...	96,112	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,101	...	...	81,558	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	7,130	...	...	2,485	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,682	...	...	90,255	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,947	...	...	76,055	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,015	...	...	2,150	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,054	...	...	121,731	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,496	...	...	102,583	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,970	...	...	940	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,319	...	...	53,791	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,826	...	...	48,812	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,255	3,570	3,680	2,885	1,400	1,485
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,756	30,002	22,170	29,760	32,704	28,080
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,522	26,736	21,632	27,712	30,016	26,293
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	7,190	3,500	3,685	2,910	1,360	1,550
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,532	34,924	28,311	38,163	39,545	36,955
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,622	29,896	25,463	33,123	33,788	32,540
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	46,185	22,790	23,400	19,760	9,790	9,970
In the bottom half of the distribution	29,175	13,985	15,195	10,185	4,895	5,290
In the bottom decile	4,685	2,100	2,590	2,270	1,140	1,125
In the second decile	6,835	3,040	3,790	2,125	940	1,180
In the third decile	6,070	2,950	3,125	1,930	910	1,025
In the fourth decile	5,975	3,005	2,970	1,900	910	985
In the fifth decile	5,610	2,885	2,720	1,965	990	975
In the top half of the distribution	17,010	8,805	8,200	9,570	4,895	4,675
In the sixth decile	5,070	2,575	2,490	2,035	1,015	1,015
In the seventh decile	4,595	2,405	2,195	2,180	1,115	1,070
In the eighth decile	3,605	1,870	1,735	2,140	1,110	1,030
In the ninth decile	2,380	1,230	1,150	1,925	980	945
In the top decile	1,355	725	630	1,290	680	615
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	45,975	22,690	23,280	17,385	8,600	8,785
0 to 17 years	7,900	3,970	3,925	3,510	1,780	1,730
0 to 5 years	2,370	1,235	1,130	1,065	550	515
18 to 64 years	28,940	14,340	14,595	10,345	5,135	5,210
65 years and over	9,130	4,380	4,755	3,535	1,680	1,850
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,415	3,745	4,670	2,390	1,120	1,270
0 to 17 years	1,665	835	830	615	315	300
0 to 5 years	580	300	280	220	115	105
18 to 64 years	4,310	1,905	2,405	1,275	635	640
65 years and over	2,440	1,005	1,435	500	165	335
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.3	16.5	20.1	13.7	13.0	14.5
0 to 17 years (%)	21.1	21.0	21.1	17.5	17.7	17.3
0 to 5 years (%)	24.5	24.3	24.8	20.7	20.9	20.4
18 to 64 years (%)	14.9	13.3	16.5	12.3	12.4	12.3
65 years and over (%)	26.7	22.9	30.2	14.1	9.8	18.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,465	1,200	1,270	875	460	420
0 to 17 years	435	200	235	205	100	105
0 to 5 years	165	80	90	70	35	40
18 to 64 years	1,885	940	940	615	335	280
65 years and over	150	55	90	60	25	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.4	5.3	5.5	5.0	5.3	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	5.5	5.0	6.0	5.8	5.6	6.1
0 to 5 years (%)	7.0	6.5	8.0	6.6	6.4	7.8
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	6.6	6.4	5.9	6.5	5.4
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.3	1.9	1.7	1.5	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	46,185	22,755	23,430	19,755	9,785	9,970
Official languages	46,125	22,715	23,405	19,745	9,790	9,960
English	29,305	14,495	14,805	19,740	9,780	9,955
French	44,350	21,840	22,510	675	270	400
Non-official languages	870	430	440	1,745	845	895
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	910	455	450
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	900	450	445
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	895	450	450
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	890	445	445
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	865	430	435	840	390	445
Afro-Asiatic languages	155	105	50	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	90	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	130	90	45	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	20	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	20	20	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	0	20	50	15	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	15	40	10	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	460	205	255	665	320	345
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	125	60	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	130	60	65
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	40	30	15
Russian	20	20	0	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	0	65	25	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	75	40	35	405	195	210
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	10	80	40	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	25	25	320	155	165
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	15	0	10
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	10	10	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	365	150	210	135	55	75
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	15	10	40	15	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romanian	60	25	35	10	0	10
Spanish	295	120	175	90	35	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	85	35	45	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	0	15	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	15	15	50	20	30
American Sign Language	10	0	10	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	40	15	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	25	15	0	10
Chinese languages	55	30	30	15	10	10
Cantonese	45	25	20	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	46,190	22,760	23,430	19,755	9,790	9,970
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	45,260	22,370	22,890	19,325	9,635	9,690
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,840	3,915	3,925	4,285	2,250	2,030
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	37,420	18,450	18,965	15,045	7,385	7,660
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	925	385	540	430	150	285
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	46,185	22,755	23,430	19,755	9,790	9,970
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	44,470	22,030	22,440	18,645	9,245	9,400
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,545	640	905	1,005	495	515
Before 1981	835	310	525	595	295	305
1981 to 1990	120	45	80	180	95	90
1991 to 2000	105	45	60	90	40	50
2001 to 2010	250	125	125	85	35	45
2001 to 2005	125	60	70	20	0	25
2006 to 2010	125	65	55	60	35	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	235	120	120	50	30	20
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	165	85	85	100	50	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,545	645	905	1,010	495	515
Under 5 years	375	190	185	190	135	55
5 to 14 years	295	115	180	205	115	90
15 to 24 years	330	75	250	280	85	195
25 to 44 years	450	200	250	295	140	155
45 years and over	100	60	40	45	20	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,545	640	905	1,005	495	515
Americas	1,070	415	655	515	225	290
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	10	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	15	0	10	45	25	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,015	390	625	445	185	260
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	20	15	10
Europe	170	75	95	400	235	170
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	40	25	10	10	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	65	35	30
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Italy	0	0	0	30	25	10
Netherlands	15	10	10	75	45	30
Poland	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portugal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	60	25	30	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	10	15	130	60	70
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	15	50	35	10
Africa	145	80	70	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	25	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	50	40	0	0	0
Asia	155	75	85	85	35	55
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	20	20	10	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	20	0	20	40	15	25
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	15	20	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	235	120	120	50	30	25
Americas	80	40	40	45	25	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	40	40	30	20	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	60	25	35	10	0	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	45	20	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	10	0
Africa	25	15	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	70	35	35	0	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	46,190	22,760	23,425	19,755	9,785	9,970
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,840	785	1,055	1,220	600	620
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,260	1,165	1,095	3,100	1,495	1,605
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	42,085	20,805	21,275	15,435	7,695	7,740
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	750	345	405	425	205	220
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	280	130	150	140	70	75
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	125	90	35	55	25	30
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	155	40	115	85	45	45
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	400	175	230	230	105	130
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	60	35	25	50	30	20
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	0	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	46,185	22,755	23,430	19,760	9,785	9,970
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,455	760	695	5,400	2,755	2,640
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,360	720	640	5,305	2,715	2,590
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	665	320	345	3,860	1,965	1,890
Métis	695	395	295	1,450	745	700
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	20	15	55	25	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	60	15	40	35	15	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	44,730	21,995	22,735	14,360	7,030	7,330
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	46,185	22,755	23,430	19,760	9,790	9,970
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	445	225	215	3,775	1,905	1,870
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	45,745	22,530	23,215	15,985	7,885	8,100
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	46,185	22,755	23,425	19,760	9,790	9,970
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	630	305	330	2,665	1,385	1,280
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	590	285	305	2,625	1,365	1,260
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	390	180	210	2,470	1,275	1,195
Métis single ancestry	190	105	85	155	90	65
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	40	15	20	40	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	35	15	20	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,510	735	775	2,660	1,320	1,335
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,420	685	735	2,465	1,240	1,225
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,085	510	580	1,460	710	750
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	335	180	155	1,005	525	480
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	90	50	40	190	85	110
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	45	40	195	80	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	44,050	21,720	22,325	14,435	7,085	7,350
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	46,185	22,760	23,430	19,755	9,790	9,970
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	600	315	285	255	110	145
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	30	15	15	10	0	10
Chinese	75	35	40	15	0	10
Black	235	120	115	55	25	30
Filipino	30	0	30	50	20	25
Latin American	25	10	20	35	15	15
Arab	105	70	35	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	60	35	25	55	25	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	20	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	10	0	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	45,585	22,440	23,140	19,505	9,680	9,825
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	46,185	22,755	23,430	19,755	9,790	9,970
North American Aboriginal origins	2,135	1,030	1,105	5,325	2,705	2,620
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,605	750	850	4,165	2,095	2,070
Inuit	20	0	15	0	0	0
Métis	635	340	300	1,390	715	680
Other North American origins	38,645	19,075	19,570	5,455	2,710	2,745
Acadian	735	355	380	0	0	0
American	930	420	510	345	170	175
Canadian	38,020	18,800	19,220	5,305	2,630	2,675
New Brunswicker	35	30	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	100	40	55	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	15,005	7,380	7,630	14,610	7,165	7,445
British Isles origins	4,155	2,055	2,100	9,340	4,540	4,800
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,040	1,000	1,045	5,510	2,635	2,875
Irish	2,050	965	1,085	3,910	1,885	2,020
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish	915	485	430	4,180	2,130	2,050
Welsh	15	15	0	240	100	140
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	85	45	45	245	120	120
French origins	12,515	6,110	6,400	3,415	1,565	1,855
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	12,510	6,115	6,395	3,420	1,565	1,850
Western European origins (except French origins)	425	205	220	3,835	1,945	1,895
Austrian	10	10	0	90	40	55
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	45	15	30	80	45	35
Dutch	75	45	35	1,000	560	435
Flemish	0	10	0	10	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	270	125	150	2,820	1,415	1,405
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swiss	20	10	10	265	105	165
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	200	110	90	3,195	1,600	1,595
Danish	155	85	70	200	100	100
Finnish	15	0	0	755	420	340
Icelandic	0	0	0	55	30	20
Norwegian	20	15	10	1,115	555	555
Swedish	10	0	0	1,390	670	720
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	10	0	90	40	50
Eastern European origins	160	85	75	3,200	1,570	1,630
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	35	20	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	205	125	85
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	20	10	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	50	25	20	835	400	430
Romanian	65	30	35	75	20	50
Russian	25	15	10	200	85	115
Slovak	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	45	35	10	2,235	1,070	1,170
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Southern European origins	435	225	210	755	345	405
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	15	10
Italian	355	195	165	640	295	345
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	15	15	0
Serbian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	65	25	40	30	10	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	50	25	25	65	35	30
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	10	0	30	15	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	45	15	30	35	25	10
Caribbean origins	60	30	30	20	15	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	25	0	25	70	55	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	15	0	15	40	35	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	10	0	10	0
African origins	275	155	120	45	20	25
Central and West African origins	95	55	40	0	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	0	20	0	10	0
North African origins	85	60	25	0	0	0
Algerian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	20	15	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	50	35	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	45	20	30	0	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	75	40	35	35	15	25
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	75	40	30	25	10	15
Asian origins	320	170	155	220	100	125
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	120	75	45	20	15	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	35	20	20	15	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	40	20	20	25	10	15
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30	20	10	10	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	165	80	90	180	75	105
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese	80	40	40	35	15	15
Filipino	35	0	25	65	30	40
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	25	10	15
Japanese	10	0	0	10	0	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	20	20	35	20	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Australian	10	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	21,100	...	...	8,430	...	...
Owner	15,905	...	...	6,335	...	...
Renter	5,170	...	...	1,765	...	...
Band housing	25	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	21,105	...	...	8,430	...	...
Condominium	1,075	...	...	85	...	...
Not condominium	20,030	...	...	8,345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	21,105	...	...	8,430	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	2,050	...	...	815	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,420	...	...	2,265	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,140	...	...	3,270	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,450	...	...	2,070	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	21,105	...	...	8,430	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,805	...	...	1,830	...	...
5 rooms	4,305	...	...	1,570	...	...
6 rooms	3,925	...	...	1,560	...	...
7 rooms	2,795	...	...	1,110	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,270	...	...	2,360	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	21,105	...	...	8,430	...	...
One person or fewer per room	21,010	...	...	8,300	...	...
More than 1 person per room	95	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	21,105	...	...	8,430	...	...
Suitable	20,785	...	...	8,075	...	...
Not suitable	320	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	21,105	...	...	8,435	...	...
1960 or before	5,875	...	...	3,240	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,750	...	...	2,525	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,375	...	...	975	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,690	...	...	910	...	...
2001 to 2005	985	...	...	285	...	...
2006 to 2010	930	...	...	260	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	505	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	21,100	...	...	8,430	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	19,410	...	...	7,445	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,695	...	...	985	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	21,100	...	...	8,435	...	...
1 household maintainer	13,825	...	...	5,255	...	...
2 household maintainers	7,140	...	...	3,070	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	140	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	21,105	...	...	8,435	...	...
15 to 24 years	515	...	...	255	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,130	...	...	925	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,000	...	...	1,255	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,100	...	...	1,500	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,045	...	...	1,970	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,000	...	...	1,375	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,830	...	...	835	...	...
85 years and over	475	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	20,865	...	...	7,475	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	17,390	...	...	6,220	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,475	...	...	1,260	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,140	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,740	...	...	5,905	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.0	...	...	48.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.1	...	...	10.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	677	...	...	750	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	801	...	...	920	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	125,093	...	...	150,226	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	138,563	...	...	182,320	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,170	...	...	1,575	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.2	...	...	33.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.7	...	...	40.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	574	...	...	702	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	598	...	...	733	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	39,730	19,540	20,190	16,240	7,930	8,315
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,125	5,890	5,240	3,955	2,105	1,845
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,260	5,330	5,935	4,725	2,215	2,510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,340	8,330	9,015	7,560	3,605	3,950
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,940	3,150	1,790	1,640	1,305	335
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,000	1,710	1,290	755	515	235
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,935	1,440	495	885	790	95
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,335	2,825	3,510	3,740	1,385	2,360
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	935	320	615	310	130	175
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,130	2,040	3,095	1,870	790	1,080
Bachelor's degree	3,700	1,405	2,300	1,455	580	880
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	435	140	290	135	60	75
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	240	130	110	50	25	25
Master's degree	635	285	345	225	120	105
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	125	75	50	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	25,945	12,795	13,155	10,165	4,980	5,185
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,925	2,955	1,965	1,445	875	570
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,855	3,760	4,100	3,145	1,500	1,645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,170	6,080	7,090	5,575	2,605	2,970
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,540	2,220	1,320	1,155	915	240
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,195	1,230	965	525	355	175
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,345	985	360	625	560	65
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,075	2,215	2,860	2,855	1,050	1,800
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	645	195	450	215	100	115
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,905	1,445	2,455	1,355	545	810
Bachelor's degree	2,850	1,040	1,810	1,075	420	650
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	340	105	230	90	30	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	195	95	100	25	10	15
Master's degree	425	150	275	165	75	85
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	90	50	40	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	39,730	19,540	20,190	16,245	7,935	8,310
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	22,390	11,215	11,175	8,685	4,325	4,360
Education	1,635	425	1,210	705	175	530
13. Education	1,635	425	1,210	705	170	530
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	200	95	105	115	40	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	25	0	30	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	180	75	105	80	15	70
Humanities	360	160	205	375	170	205
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	10	25	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	60	25	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130	40	90	155	55	100
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	55	0	70	35	30
54. History	45	30	15	65	45	20
55. French language and literature/letters	65	15	50	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	910	235	670	655	135	515
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	20	10	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	0	15	20	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	365	10	360	285	15	270
22. Legal professions and studies	155	60	95	70	25	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	10	0	10
42. Psychology	160	50	110	105	20	90
45. Social sciences	190	110	80	140	65	75
Business, management and public administration	3,685	1,095	2,595	1,065	270	795
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	245	50	195	260	55	205
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,430	1,045	2,385	800	210	590
Physical and life sciences and technologies	260	130	130	190	90	100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	30	60	110	55	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	45	40	55	25	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	45	40	10	10	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	20	15	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	300	205	100	90	35	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	240	185	55	65	20	50
25. Library science	45	10	40	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0	10	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,235	4,140	95	1,905	1,835	75
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	10	25	25	0
14. Engineering	250	225	20	120	110	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	550	515	35	320	285	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,315	1,295	20	490	480	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,405	1,400	0	720	705	20
48. Precision production	690	685	0	235	230	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	675	550	125	320	255	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	255	170	80	75	45	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	425	380	45	245	205	40
Health and related fields	3,385	545	2,835	1,410	200	1,210
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	150	85	60	75	30	45
51. Health professions and related programs	3,170	420	2,750	1,325	160	1,165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	45	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,690	740	945	740	405	330
12. Personal and culinary services	1,085	210	875	265	50	220
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	280	220	60	205	130	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	305	300	10	250	215	35
Other	10	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	25,950	12,795	13,155	10,165	4,980	5,185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,785	6,715	6,070	4,590	2,375	2,215
Education	1,015	220	800	440	90	350
13. Education	1,020	220	800	440	90	350
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	165	70	95	70	20	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	160	60	100	60	10	50
Humanities	230	85	145	220	105	115
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	10	35	15	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	15	70	80	20	60
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	10	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	0	40	30	10
54. History	35	30	10	40	30	10
55. French language and literature/letters	40	10	35	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	750	190	560	525	95	430
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	20	25	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	300	10	295	230	15	220
22. Legal professions and studies	145	55	90	55	15	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	10	0	10
42. Psychology	120	35	85	90	15	75
45. Social sciences	145	85	65	105	40	60
Business, management and public administration	2,935	800	2,140	855	225	625
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	185	25	160	210	40	165
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,740	770	1,970	645	180	465
Physical and life sciences and technologies	180	80	100	155	75	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	25	50	95	55	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	20	30	35	15	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	30	10	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	245	165	80	70	25	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	210	160	50	50	20	35
25. Library science	30	0	30	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,115	3,035	80	1,405	1,335	70
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	0	20	20	0
14. Engineering	195	170	25	85	70	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	450	420	30	255	230	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	955	935	20	405	390	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,045	1,040	10	480	470	15
48. Precision production	445	440	0	165	165	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	545	430	115	250	190	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	190	110	80	60	35	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	355	315	40	195	160	35
Health and related fields	2,615	430	2,185	1,010	140	875
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	110	65	50	55	15	35
51. Health professions and related programs	2,440	325	2,120	955	120	835
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	35	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,355	575	780	580	305	275
12. Personal and culinary services	870	150	720	225	45	180
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	210	155	55	165	95	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	270	265	0	180	155	25
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	39,730	19,545	20,185	16,245	7,930	8,310
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,385	11,215	11,175	8,685	4,325	4,360
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	17,340	8,325	9,015	7,560	3,610	3,955
Location of study inside Canada	16,790	8,090	8,700	6,985	3,370	3,610
Same as province or territory of residence	13,960	6,765	7,190	5,865	2,850	3,020
Different than province or territory of residence	2,830	1,320	1,510	1,120	520	595
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	555	235	315	575	235	335
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	345	135	215	440	170	270
Philippines	15	0	15	15	10	10
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	25	0	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	15	0	0	0
France	45	35	10	0	0	0
Other	115	60	60	85	45	35
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	25,950	12,795	13,155	10,170	4,980	5,190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,785	6,715	6,070	4,590	2,375	2,215
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	13,170	6,080	7,085	5,580	2,605	2,970
Location of study inside Canada	12,745	5,910	6,835	5,170	2,455	2,715
Same as province or territory of residence	10,595	4,960	5,630	4,330	2,075	2,260
Different than province or territory of residence	2,150	950	1,205	845	385	460
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	420	170	250	405	150	255
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	250	90	160	315	100	215
Philippines	15	0	15	20	10	10
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	10	0	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	15	0	0	0
France	40	30	15	0	10	0
Other	85	45	45	60	35	30
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	39,730	19,545	20,185	16,245	7,935	8,310
In the labour force	23,890	12,490	11,400	9,700	4,895	4,800
Employed	21,365	10,890	10,480	8,820	4,355	4,460
Unemployed	2,525	1,605	915	885	545	340
Not in the labour force	15,840	7,045	8,790	6,540	3,035	3,505
Participation rate	60.1	63.9	56.5	59.7	61.7	57.8
Employment rate	53.8	55.7	51.9	54.3	54.9	53.7
Unemployment rate	10.6	12.9	8.0	9.1	11.1	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	39,730	19,540	20,190	16,240	7,935	8,310
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	14,495	6,250	8,245	5,805	2,670	3,140
Worked	25,230	13,290	11,940	10,440	5,265	5,175
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	12,245	6,735	5,510	4,785	2,505	2,285
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	12,990	6,555	6,435	5,655	2,755	2,895
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.2	41.4	40.4	39.9	40.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	23,890	12,495	11,400	9,700	4,900	4,800
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	360	170	195	170	95	70
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	23,530	12,325	11,200	9,530	4,805	4,730
Employee	21,040	10,755	10,280	8,590	4,165	4,425
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,490	1,570	920	940	635	305
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	23,890	12,495	11,400	9,695	4,900	4,800
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	360	170	195	170	100	70
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	23,530	12,325	11,205	9,530	4,805	4,730
0 Management occupations	1,945	1,295	655	885	535	345
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,795	680	2,110	1,205	270	935
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	775	625	155	345	285	60
3 Health occupations	2,170	340	1,825	735	105	630
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,525	650	1,875	1,510	425	1,080
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	230	95	135	165	50	115
6 Sales and service occupations	5,380	1,985	3,400	2,110	790	1,315
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,195	3,955	240	1,785	1,675	105
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,195	950	245	465	395	70
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,320	1,755	570	335	270	65
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	23,890	12,495	11,395	9,700	4,895	4,800
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	365	165	190	170	95	70
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	23,525	12,325	11,205	9,530	4,805	4,730
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,765	1,340	425	510	405	105
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	55	0	350	285	65
22 Utilities	100	65	30	140	130	10
23 Construction	1,585	1,380	200	785	690	95
31-33 Manufacturing	3,730	2,880	840	470	360	100
41 Wholesale trade	480	365	115	130	95	35
44-45 Retail trade	2,750	1,305	1,445	1,175	505	665
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,160	940	220	480	365	110
51 Information and cultural industries	310	145	165	115	40	75
52 Finance and insurance	510	140	375	165	50	115
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	160	85	75	75	55	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	570	290	275	275	125	155
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	605	345	260	325	205	120
61 Educational services	1,505	430	1,080	890	210	680
62 Health care and social assistance	3,755	505	3,250	1,650	285	1,370
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	290	130	155	115	65	55
72 Accommodation and food services	1,640	485	1,155	695	270	430
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,090	545	540	390	220	170
91 Public administration	1,475	885	590	770	430	345
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	21,365	10,885	10,480	8,815	4,355	4,460
Worked at home	1,225	550	670	550	325	225
Worked outside Canada	140	75	60	80	30	50
No fixed workplace address	2,375	1,830	545	1,040	815	225
Worked at usual place	17,630	8,430	9,200	7,140	3,185	3,955
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	17,635	8,430	9,200	7,135	3,180	3,955
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,610	3,870	4,745	4,350	1,820	2,535
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,895	3,405	3,490	2,490	1,185	1,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,790	960	825	260	155	105
Commute to a different province or territory	335	195	150	35	25	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	20,010	10,260	9,745	8,180	3,995	4,185
Car, truck, van - as a driver	18,075	9,275	8,805	6,630	3,205	3,425
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	830	370	465	510	260	255
Public transit	85	75	10	65	55	15
Walked	695	355	340	780	345	430
Bicycle	45	10	30	85	60	20
Other method	270	175	95	105	65	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	20,005	10,265	9,745	8,180	3,995	4,185
Less than 15 minutes	11,360	5,365	6,000	4,785	2,105	2,680
15 to 29 minutes	5,760	2,910	2,850	1,660	800	870
30 to 44 minutes	1,630	1,010	620	835	480	355
45 to 59 minutes	505	370	135	330	205	120
60 minutes and over	755	610	145	570	410	160
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	20,005	10,260	9,750	8,180	3,995	4,185
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,830	1,390	445	645	490	155
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,805	2,375	1,435	1,425	925	505
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,965	3,335	3,625	2,095	1,010	1,085
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,225	1,125	2,100	2,200	740	1,465
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,350	380	975	725	230	495
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,835	1,665	1,165	1,085	600	485
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	25,860	13,580	12,280	10,810	5,455	5,350
Single responses	23,845	12,540	11,305	10,740	5,435	5,300
Official languages	23,810	12,525	11,285	10,720	5,425	5,290
English	2,895	1,705	1,195	10,700	5,415	5,290
French	20,915	10,825	10,090	20	10	10
Non-official languages	35	15	15	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	25	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,020	1,040	980	70	25	45
English and French	2,005	1,025	975	15	10	10
English and non-official language	10	10	0	45	15	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	25,865	13,580	12,280	10,805	5,460	5,350
None	14,705	7,840	6,870	10,545	5,355	5,190
English	9,485	4,820	4,670	15	10	10
French	1,630	905	730	50	20	30
Non-official language	40	25	20	200	80	115
Aboriginal	0	0	0	165	70	95
Non-Aboriginal	40	20	15	35	10	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	45,870	22,595	23,275	19,530	9,660	9,870
Non-movers	41,950	20,700	21,250	17,320	8,590	8,730
Movers	3,920	1,895	2,025	2,210	1,065	1,140
Non-migrants	2,260	1,075	1,185	1,170	535	630
Migrants	1,655	820	840	1,045	535	515
Internal migrants	1,520	755	770	970	500	475
Intraprovincial migrants	1,195	590	605	700	345	355
Interprovincial migrants	330	165	165	270	150	120
External migrants	130	60	65	75	35	40
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	44,390	21,830	22,560	18,645	9,210	9,435
Non-movers	33,795	16,790	17,010	13,330	6,595	6,730
Movers	10,590	5,040	5,550	5,315	2,610	2,705
Non-migrants	6,365	3,035	3,330	2,785	1,385	1,400
Migrants	4,225	2,005	2,220	2,535	1,230	1,305
Internal migrants	3,920	1,850	2,065	2,380	1,170	1,210
Intraprovincial migrants	2,805	1,340	1,460	1,830	895	930
Interprovincial migrants	1,110	505	600	550	275	275
External migrants	310	155	155	155	60	95

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Zone 4 (Edmundston area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick and Rainy River, DIS [Census division], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 4 (Edmundston area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick and Rainy River, District [Census division], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Zone 4 (Edmundston area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick and Rainy River, District [Census division], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 4 (Edmundston area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick and Rainy River, District [Census division], Ontario