Census Profile, 2016 Census
City of Toronto Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario and Quebec [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	City of Toronto Health Unit, Ontario [Health region, December 2017]			Quebec [Province]
	Data quality , City of Toronto Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario  Map : City of Toronto Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Quebec [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	2,731,571	...	...	8,164,361	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	2,615,060	...	...	7,903,001	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.5	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	1,179,057	...	...	3,858,943	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	1,112,929	...	...	3,531,663	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,334.4	...	...	6.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	630.20	...	...	1,356,625.27	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	2,731,570	1,313,585	1,417,985	8,164,360	4,016,760	4,147,605
0 to 14 years	398,135	204,190	193,945	1,333,260	682,535	650,720
0 to 4 years	136,000	69,895	66,100	444,930	227,965	216,970
5 to 9 years	135,025	69,350	65,680	469,165	240,225	228,940
10 to 14 years	127,110	64,945	62,165	419,160	214,345	204,815
15 to 64 years	1,906,495	925,075	981,420	5,335,910	2,664,630	2,671,280
15 to 19 years	145,520	74,240	71,285	429,825	219,070	210,755
20 to 24 years	194,745	97,415	97,330	500,100	252,600	247,500
25 to 29 years	232,945	113,910	119,040	495,410	248,030	247,380
30 to 34 years	224,580	108,895	115,680	515,505	256,440	259,070
35 to 39 years	196,310	94,070	102,240	550,540	274,595	275,945
40 to 44 years	182,395	86,535	95,860	506,525	254,100	252,425
45 to 49 years	190,925	90,855	100,065	519,425	260,410	259,015
50 to 54 years	202,410	98,735	103,670	619,435	309,070	310,370
55 to 59 years	182,805	88,145	94,655	636,475	314,190	322,285
60 to 64 years	153,865	72,270	81,595	562,670	276,140	286,535
65 years and over	426,940	184,325	242,615	1,495,195	669,590	825,605
65 to 69 years	130,540	60,360	70,180	488,175	236,395	251,775
70 to 74 years	93,605	42,320	51,285	373,590	176,905	196,690
75 to 79 years	76,165	32,730	43,435	256,905	116,020	140,890
80 to 84 years	60,635	25,670	34,965	187,835	78,390	109,450
85 years and over	66,000	23,250	42,750	188,685	61,885	126,805
85 to 89 years	40,800	15,665	25,130	120,635	43,795	76,840
90 to 94 years	19,680	6,180	13,500	53,165	15,155	38,015
95 to 99 years	4,750	1,275	3,470	13,035	2,685	10,350
100 years and over	770	120	650	1,850	255	1,600
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.5	13.7	16.3	17.0	15.7
15 to 64 years	69.8	70.4	69.2	65.4	66.3	64.4
65 years and over	15.6	14.0	17.1	18.3	16.7	19.9
85 years and over	2.4	1.8	3.0	2.3	1.5	3.1
Average age of the population	40.6	39.4	41.7	41.9	40.9	42.9
Median age of the population	39.3	38.0	40.5	42.5	41.4	43.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	1,112,930	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Single-detached house	269,675	...	...	1,602,680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	493,280	...	...	187,800	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	349,885	...	...	1,717,680	...	...
Semi-detached house	71,230	...	...	188,245	...	...
Row house	61,630	...	...	93,350	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	48,540	...	...	265,195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	165,630	...	...	1,154,955	...	...
Other single-attached house	2,860	...	...	15,940	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	95	...	...	23,505	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	1,112,925	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
1 person	359,960	...	...	1,175,230	...	...
2 persons	333,425	...	...	1,227,765	...	...
3 persons	175,725	...	...	489,460	...	...
4 persons	146,580	...	...	426,250	...	...
5 or more persons	97,245	...	...	212,960	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,691,665	...	...	7,965,455	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	2,333,435	1,109,400	1,224,035	6,831,105	3,334,220	3,496,885
Married or living common law	1,181,360	592,560	588,800	3,844,145	1,924,750	1,919,395
Married	1,011,185	505,025	506,160	2,342,980	1,172,720	1,170,260
Living common law	170,175	87,540	82,635	1,501,160	752,025	749,135
Not married and not living common law	1,152,080	516,840	635,235	2,986,960	1,409,475	1,577,490
Never married	806,265	410,975	395,295	2,010,580	1,084,300	926,280
Separated	68,715	27,570	41,145	103,625	46,390	57,240
Divorced	151,995	55,490	96,515	483,195	194,430	288,760
Widowed	125,100	22,810	102,285	389,555	84,345	305,210
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	718,755	...	...	2,257,560	...	...
2 persons	344,110	...	...	1,204,955	...	...
3 persons	174,600	...	...	466,310	...	...
4 persons	143,250	...	...	412,160	...	...
5 or more persons	56,795	...	...	174,140	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	718,750	...	...	2,257,560	...	...
Total couple families	566,155	...	...	1,878,095	...	...
Married couples	481,125	...	...	1,128,355	...	...
Common-law couples	85,030	...	...	749,740	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	152,600	...	...	379,460	...	...
Female parent	128,550	...	...	284,900	...	...
Male parent	24,050	...	...	94,565	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	566,160	...	...	1,878,095	...	...
Couples without children	250,085	...	...	970,260	...	...
Couples with children	316,070	...	...	907,840	...	...
1 child	133,440	...	...	356,640	...	...
2 children	130,765	...	...	384,875	...	...
3 or more children	51,865	...	...	166,315	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	152,600	...	...	379,465	...	...
1 child	94,025	...	...	234,695	...	...
2 children	41,160	...	...	109,670	...	...
3 or more children	17,415	...	...	35,100	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	602,860	277,825	325,035	1,579,070	775,765	803,305
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	1,112,925	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
One-census-family households	653,360	...	...	2,197,340	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	226,085	...	...	947,305	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	427,275	...	...	1,250,040	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	31,595	...	...	29,595	...	...
Non-census-family households	427,975	...	...	1,304,725	...	...
One-person households	359,960	...	...	1,175,230	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	68,015	...	...	129,500	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,515	8,066,560	3,977,275	4,089,285
English only	2,323,235	1,139,580	1,183,655	372,445	187,595	184,860
French only	2,720	1,140	1,585	4,032,640	1,874,545	2,158,095
English and French	245,695	107,990	137,705	3,586,410	1,884,135	1,702,275
Neither English nor French	132,765	53,195	79,570	75,065	31,000	44,060
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,510	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285
English	2,508,820	1,219,600	1,289,220	964,120	482,985	481,135
French	39,800	18,805	20,995	6,750,945	3,320,380	3,430,560
English and French	24,865	11,210	13,655	278,710	144,060	134,655
Neither English nor French	130,935	52,295	78,645	72,775	29,845	42,930
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	52,230	24,405	27,825	1,103,480	555,015	548,465
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.9	1.9	2.0	13.7	14.0	13.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,515	8,066,555	3,977,270	4,089,285
Single responses	2,598,230	1,251,215	1,347,015	7,881,650	3,884,675	3,996,975
Official languages	1,411,340	697,965	713,380	6,820,815	3,366,970	3,453,845
English	1,375,900	681,120	694,780	601,155	301,860	299,300
French	35,440	16,845	18,595	6,219,665	3,065,115	3,154,550
Non-official languages	1,186,885	553,255	633,635	1,060,830	517,700	543,125
Aboriginal languages	420	185	235	45,570	22,530	23,040
Algonquian languages	315	140	170	33,140	16,365	16,770
Blackfoot	5	5	0	5	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	85	30	50	31,430	15,575	15,855
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	5	0	8,715	4,155	4,555
Moose Cree	5	0	5	0	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	590	285	305
Northern East Cree	0	5	0	135	55	80
Plains Cree	5	0	5	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	35	15	15
Swampy Cree	25	10	15	5	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	40	15	30	15,790	7,920	7,875
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	10	485	225	260
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	20	10	10	485	220	260
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	200	95	105	1,215	565	645
Algonquin	0	0	5	1,185	555	630
Ojibway	175	85	90	20	10	15
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	0	5
Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	15	10	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	15	10	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	0	20	11,970	5,955	6,015
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	20	0	15	11,895	5,925	5,970
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	25	45
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	375	165	210
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	5	365	160	210
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	55	30	25	65	30	35
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,186,465	553,070	633,400	1,015,260	495,175	520,090
Afro-Asiatic languages	65,535	32,335	33,205	197,535	104,185	93,355
Berber languages	135	75	50	20,845	11,125	9,720
Kabyle	55	30	25	12,470	6,625	5,840
Berber languages, n.i.e.	75	45	30	8,375	4,500	3,875
Cushitic languages	12,355	5,305	7,050	1,125	545	580
Bilen	70	45	30	10	10	5
Oromo	855	420	440	15	10	5
Somali	11,375	4,810	6,565	1,075	515	560
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	30	20	10
Semitic languages	52,850	26,835	26,010	175,215	92,310	82,900
Amharic	6,430	2,880	3,545	745	340	405
Arabic	29,825	15,745	14,080	169,890	89,590	80,300
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	4,840	2,360	2,480	150	80	70
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	700	360	335	15	10	5
Harari	755	350	405	0	5	5
Hebrew	4,350	2,350	2,005	3,885	2,040	1,845
Maltese	1,425	720	710	25	10	15
Tigrigna	4,145	1,890	2,260	385	185	205
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	380	185	185	110	60	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	205	115	90	355	200	155
Austro-Asiatic languages	26,160	11,855	14,305	36,305	17,030	19,275
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,365	590	775	8,855	4,105	4,750
Vietnamese	24,775	11,255	13,520	27,425	12,920	14,505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	25	5	10	25	10	15
Austronesian languages	99,755	39,025	60,730	21,635	7,800	13,835
Bikol	320	135	185	115	35	80
Cebuano	3,390	1,335	2,055	885	270	610
Fijian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	1,695	660	1,035	410	125	275
Ilocano	7,135	2,765	4,370	2,060	745	1,315
Malagasy	20	10	10	1,250	590	660
Malay	1,930	880	1,050	705	265	440
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	715	310	410	205	90	110
Pangasinan	325	125	200	95	40	50
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	83,230	32,445	50,790	15,545	5,480	10,065
Waray-Waray	210	60	155	50	10	40
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	755	290	465	320	140	180
Creole languages	3,015	1,350	1,665	56,990	25,220	31,770
Haitian Creole	165	80	90	2,220	1,055	1,170
Creole, n.o.s.	1,830	815	1,010	53,785	23,675	30,110
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,020	460	565	980	490	490
Dravidian languages	67,055	33,175	33,880	14,865	7,435	7,430
Kannada	730	380	350	240	130	110
Malayalam	4,560	2,465	2,100	440	235	205
Tamil	57,535	27,935	29,600	13,600	6,715	6,880
Telugu	4,130	2,355	1,775	570	345	230
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55	15	10	5
Hmong-Mien languages	20	5	10	25	10	15
Indo-European languages	589,410	282,355	307,060	553,045	269,625	283,420
Albanian	8,495	4,230	4,275	2,795	1,420	1,370
Armenian	7,845	3,745	4,105	16,430	7,970	8,460
Balto-Slavic languages	120,445	53,655	66,790	68,155	30,960	37,195
Baltic languages	3,485	1,365	2,125	850	335	515
Latvian	1,605	640	965	290	120	175
Lithuanian	1,880	720	1,160	555	215	340
Slavic languages	116,955	52,290	64,665	67,310	30,630	36,675
Belarusan	195	100	95	80	45	35
Bosnian	1,110	530	580	1,620	805	815
Bulgarian	4,345	2,075	2,270	6,985	3,385	3,600
Croatian	5,565	2,535	3,035	2,330	1,165	1,170
Czech	2,860	1,345	1,515	1,465	690	775
Macedonian	6,190	2,920	3,270	205	105	95
Polish	25,060	10,845	14,210	13,935	6,065	7,865
Russian	36,145	15,805	20,345	28,565	12,715	15,850
Serbian	13,385	6,455	6,930	3,140	1,590	1,545
Serbo-Croatian	1,470	665	800	1,805	865	940
Slovak	3,100	1,455	1,645	1,040	455	585
Slovene (Slovenian)	1,785	745	1,035	755	350	405
Ukrainian	15,465	6,685	8,785	5,210	2,285	2,920
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	280	140	140	175	90	85
Celtic languages	270	125	140	155	95	60
Scottish Gaelic	75	40	40	20	15	10
Welsh	85	30	50	40	20	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	110	60	45	90	55	30
Germanic languages	22,310	10,095	12,210	27,540	13,280	14,260
Afrikaans	400	210	185	125	60	65
Danish	670	285	380	395	190	200
Dutch	3,180	1,535	1,645	2,825	1,395	1,430
Frisian	35	20	15	10	10	0
German	14,515	6,435	8,080	13,670	6,340	7,330
Icelandic	65	35	30	65	30	35
Norwegian	230	105	125	200	100	100
Swedish	695	305	395	555	255	300
Vlaams (Flemish)	130	50	80	540	240	300
Yiddish	2,350	1,095	1,255	8,985	4,560	4,420
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	10	20	175	100	75
Greek	27,840	13,415	14,420	38,635	19,435	19,205
Indo-Iranian languages	194,760	99,110	95,645	76,040	39,205	36,835
Indo-Aryan languages	138,625	70,695	67,930	45,845	23,875	21,970
Bengali	28,460	14,370	14,090	10,995	5,620	5,380
Gujarati	26,400	13,520	12,880	6,070	2,980	3,090
Hindi	15,230	7,960	7,275	3,030	1,635	1,390
Kashmiri	80	40	35	20	15	5
Konkani	745	355	390	110	60	55
Marathi	1,760	930	830	255	145	110
Nepali	2,540	1,295	1,245	1,505	740	765
Oriya (Odia)	300	165	130	35	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	19,965	10,380	9,585	12,380	6,720	5,660
Sindhi	2,440	1,080	1,360	330	160	165
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,280	1,600	1,680	645	310	330
Urdu	37,420	19,010	18,415	10,470	5,460	5,010
Iranian languages	55,190	27,895	27,295	29,760	15,105	14,655
Kurdish	1,645	930	715	985	550	430
Pashto	4,355	2,285	2,075	1,285	680	610
Persian (Farsi)	49,190	24,680	24,505	27,490	13,875	13,615
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	945	520	420	440	225	210
Italic (Romance) languages	207,445	97,980	109,465	323,290	157,260	166,030
Catalan	125	70	55	320	170	150
Italian	62,635	29,050	33,590	104,600	51,705	52,895
Portuguese	59,360	28,540	30,820	36,770	17,735	19,035
Romanian	12,335	5,630	6,705	35,840	17,170	18,665
Spanish	72,850	34,635	38,220	145,635	70,405	75,235
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	135	60	75	125	75	50
Japanese	7,015	2,405	4,610	2,525	775	1,750
Kartvelian languages	870	465	405	170	80	85
Georgian	870	465	400	170	80	90
Korean	33,665	15,155	18,510	5,160	2,270	2,890
Mongolic languages	295	130	165	190	75	115
Mongolian	290	130	160	195	80	115
Niger-Congo languages	13,780	6,460	7,325	28,355	14,360	13,995
Akan (Twi)	4,340	1,970	2,370	1,050	520	525
Bamanankan	45	20	25	1,200	655	545
Edo	670	260	410	75	45	30
Ewe	175	90	80	730	400	325
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	165	85	75	2,055	1,080	970
Ga	205	85	115	80	40	40
Ganda	375	180	195	35	15	20
Igbo	745	385	355	120	70	50
Lingala	285	135	150	2,465	1,185	1,285
Rundi (Kirundi)	265	135	135	3,345	1,600	1,745
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	290	135	150	2,500	1,115	1,380
Shona	390	190	205	85	45	40
Swahili	2,230	1,045	1,180	3,010	1,460	1,545
Wolof	115	65	55	3,230	1,745	1,485
Yoruba	1,580	820	765	255	155	100
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,905	845	1,060	8,135	4,235	3,895
Nilo-Saharan languages	235	130	105	345	180	165
Dinka	40	20	15	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	195	105	90	335	170	165
Sign languages	565	320	245	1,330	700	630
American Sign Language	210	120	95	65	35	30
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	670	330	340
Sign languages, n.i.e	355	200	150	595	340	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	250,960	114,630	136,325	76,840	35,775	41,065
Chinese languages	245,285	111,855	133,430	76,490	35,600	40,895
Cantonese	114,670	52,085	62,585	24,375	11,505	12,875
Hakka	2,855	1,220	1,640	470	215	260
Mandarin	111,410	51,125	60,285	43,700	20,175	23,525
Min Dong	450	220	230	20	10	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	6,120	2,820	3,300	3,225	1,480	1,745
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,665	1,200	1,470	1,075	465	605
Chinese, n.o.s.	7,015	3,135	3,880	3,535	1,710	1,825
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	100	50	50	90	40	45
Tibeto-Burman languages	5,670	2,775	2,895	345	175	170
Burmese	605	275	335	80	30	50
Karenic languages	260	120	135	70	40	30
Tibetan	4,595	2,270	2,320	110	65	50
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	215	110	105	85	45	40
Tai-Kadai languages	1,720	690	1,035	4,895	2,185	2,710
Lao	705	365	345	4,115	1,995	2,120
Thai	1,005	325	680	765	180	585
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	0	10	10	5	10
Turkic languages	10,675	5,615	5,065	7,980	4,095	3,880
Azerbaijani	910	495	420	290	160	130
Turkish	8,830	4,665	4,165	7,155	3,685	3,470
Uyghur	240	115	120	205	100	105
Uzbek	435	230	215	145	70	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	255	115	140	185	80	105
Uralic languages	15,145	6,660	8,490	6,400	2,985	3,410
Estonian	1,945	770	1,170	195	75	120
Finnish	1,320	495	820	360	125	240
Hungarian	11,890	5,390	6,500	5,835	2,790	3,045
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	585	310	275	685	385	300
Multiple responses	106,190	50,685	55,500	184,905	92,600	92,310
English and French	7,550	3,520	4,025	72,395	36,695	35,695
English and non-official language	92,625	44,390	48,230	27,485	13,545	13,945
French and non-official language	3,305	1,515	1,785	67,075	33,110	33,970
English, French and non-official language	2,715	1,260	1,455	17,950	9,245	8,705
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,510	8,066,560	3,977,270	4,089,285
Single responses	2,458,470	1,185,800	1,272,670	7,743,740	3,819,315	3,924,425
Official languages	1,756,685	858,655	898,030	7,157,850	3,536,165	3,621,685
English	1,739,620	850,745	888,875	782,185	391,125	391,060
French	17,065	7,910	9,155	6,375,665	3,145,040	3,230,625
Non-official languages	701,785	327,145	374,640	585,890	283,150	302,735
Aboriginal languages	110	55	55	40,190	20,205	19,980
Algonquian languages	55	30	20	28,695	14,385	14,310
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	5	28,110	14,105	14,005
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	7,375	3,590	3,790
Moose Cree	5	0	0	5	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	590	295	290
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	60	30	30
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	15	5	10
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	5	5	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	5	14,590	7,355	7,235
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	220	115	110
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	220	110	105
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	40	25	15	370	170	200
Algonquin	0	0	0	360	165	195
Ojibway	35	20	15	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	11,375	5,770	5,615
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuktitut	0	5	0	11,350	5,750	5,600
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	5	70	35	35
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	5	70	35	30
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	5	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	40	20	20	35	10	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	701,675	327,090	374,585	545,695	262,940	282,755
Afro-Asiatic languages	36,560	17,185	19,375	91,660	46,550	45,110
Berber languages	45	20	20	7,495	3,895	3,605
Kabyle	15	10	5	5,105	2,660	2,450
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	2,390	1,235	1,150
Cushitic languages	7,495	3,140	4,355	535	240	295
Bilen	40	20	20	5	0	5
Oromo	495	230	265	5	0	0
Somali	6,930	2,880	4,050	520	230	290
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	5	5	5
Semitic languages	28,920	13,965	14,950	83,520	42,365	41,160
Amharic	3,425	1,500	1,925	340	150	185
Arabic	16,490	8,210	8,280	81,105	41,150	39,955
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	3,615	1,755	1,860	95	50	45
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	475	245	235	10	0	5
Harari	445	200	250	5	0	5
Hebrew	1,610	800	810	1,705	880	825
Maltese	430	200	225	0	0	0
Tigrigna	2,250	985	1,270	205	95	105
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	170	80	90	60	25	35
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	105	55	50	105	50	55
Austro-Asiatic languages	17,755	8,020	9,735	24,980	11,675	13,305
Khmer (Cambodian)	730	305	420	5,180	2,370	2,805
Vietnamese	17,020	7,710	9,310	19,790	9,295	10,495
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	15	5	10
Austronesian languages	48,375	20,215	28,160	9,715	3,960	5,750
Bikol	70	30	40	15	5	10
Cebuano	1,320	560	760	230	100	125
Fijian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	615	265	355	130	55	75
Ilocano	2,695	1,150	1,545	740	305	435
Malagasy	5	0	5	360	185	170
Malay	570	275	300	175	85	95
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	210	95	120	60	30	30
Pangasinan	60	25	35	10	5	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	42,515	17,680	24,840	7,905	3,150	4,760
Waray-Waray	60	20	40	15	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	235	105	125	75	35	35
Creole languages	1,530	660	865	20,705	8,780	11,925
Haitian Creole	110	55	60	855	380	475
Creole, n.o.s.	1,015	435	580	19,405	8,200	11,210
Creole languages, n.i.e.	405	175	230	440	200	240
Dravidian languages	47,065	22,845	24,225	11,400	5,595	5,805
Kannada	290	155	135	150	85	65
Malayalam	2,455	1,320	1,140	200	100	100
Tamil	42,020	20,080	21,930	10,720	5,215	5,500
Telugu	2,270	1,270	1,000	330	190	135
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-European languages	317,080	150,570	166,505	303,215	146,100	157,115
Albanian	4,115	2,070	2,045	1,615	795	820
Armenian	5,175	2,430	2,740	11,990	5,680	6,310
Balto-Slavic languages	61,615	28,155	33,455	40,405	19,085	21,325
Baltic languages	1,085	430	650	190	80	105
Latvian	460	180	285	75	40	40
Lithuanian	620	250	370	115	40	70
Slavic languages	60,530	27,725	32,805	40,220	19,000	21,220
Belarusan	75	35	35	25	15	15
Bosnian	500	240	265	965	475	495
Bulgarian	2,450	1,190	1,260	5,125	2,495	2,630
Croatian	2,040	950	1,095	1,015	475	545
Czech	850	410	440	460	220	240
Macedonian	2,725	1,285	1,440	130	65	65
Polish	10,605	4,725	5,880	5,970	2,695	3,270
Russian	23,075	10,420	12,655	20,680	9,775	10,900
Serbian	8,025	3,865	4,160	2,010	1,020	990
Serbo-Croatian	580	275	310	960	470	490
Slovak	1,615	795	820	245	120	130
Slovene (Slovenian)	490	200	295	225	95	135
Ukrainian	7,420	3,305	4,120	2,365	1,060	1,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	65	30	40	40	15	25
Celtic languages	40	25	10	30	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	0	5	5	0
Welsh	10	5	5	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	15	15	5
Germanic languages	2,895	1,320	1,575	9,890	4,980	4,905
Afrikaans	90	45	45	15	10	10
Danish	80	40	45	50	25	25
Dutch	285	135	145	375	170	205
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,950	870	1,080	2,550	1,190	1,365
Icelandic	15	5	10	30	15	20
Norwegian	35	15	15	20	5	10
Swedish	130	55	75	105	50	60
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	10	70	35	40
Yiddish	290	145	145	6,665	3,485	3,180
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	10	5	5
Greek	13,000	6,065	6,935	18,545	8,865	9,680
Indo-Iranian languages	122,135	60,790	61,345	53,555	26,845	26,710
Indo-Aryan languages	84,470	42,410	42,065	31,575	15,985	15,585
Bengali	18,935	9,390	9,540	8,180	4,055	4,125
Gujarati	16,525	8,290	8,235	3,840	1,860	1,985
Hindi	7,845	4,060	3,785	1,535	790	745
Kashmiri	10	5	5	5	0	0
Konkani	160	80	85	30	15	15
Marathi	775	405	375	80	40	40
Nepali	1,705	875	835	1,355	655	700
Oriya (Odia)	145	70	75	15	10	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,075	6,205	5,865	8,840	4,690	4,155
Sindhi	1,130	490	635	135	65	75
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,550	765	785	365	185	180
Urdu	23,625	11,770	11,850	7,180	3,620	3,565
Iranian languages	37,275	18,170	19,105	21,745	10,740	11,010
Kurdish	905	490	415	510	280	235
Pashto	2,995	1,530	1,465	925	460	465
Persian (Farsi)	33,375	16,150	17,225	20,310	10,005	10,305
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	385	210	175	235	120	120
Italic (Romance) languages	108,115	49,715	58,400	167,190	79,835	87,355
Catalan	70	35	35	110	50	60
Italian	27,130	11,365	15,770	32,935	14,595	18,340
Portuguese	33,425	16,085	17,340	17,260	8,250	9,005
Romanian	5,915	2,705	3,205	24,520	12,000	12,525
Spanish	41,530	19,505	22,025	92,330	44,920	47,415
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	35	20	15
Japanese	3,300	1,380	1,915	1,050	425	620
Kartvelian languages	640	345	295	70	35	35
Georgian	640	340	295	70	40	35
Korean	23,625	10,830	12,790	3,540	1,630	1,910
Mongolic languages	175	90	90	145	70	75
Mongolian	175	90	85	145	70	75
Niger-Congo languages	5,675	2,540	3,135	7,250	3,450	3,800
Akan (Twi)	2,325	1,000	1,325	445	215	235
Bamanankan	20	5	5	265	135	125
Edo	215	85	125	10	5	5
Ewe	40	15	25	140	60	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	60	25	35	530	255	280
Ga	80	30	50	15	5	10
Ganda	110	50	65	5	5	5
Igbo	250	130	120	15	10	10
Lingala	75	30	45	625	270	355
Rundi (Kirundi)	105	55	55	1,110	510	600
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	80	35	45	530	225	305
Shona	125	55	70	20	10	10
Swahili	990	440	555	1,100	535	565
Wolof	55	35	20	1,035	555	480
Yoruba	560	295	265	55	25	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	570	255	320	1,350	635	710
Nilo-Saharan languages	60	35	25	135	70	65
Dinka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	50	25	20	130	65	65
Sign languages	885	520	365	1,770	1,000	775
American Sign Language	315	175	140	90	35	50
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	700	360	340
Sign languages, n.i.e	565	345	225	985	600	385
Sino-Tibetan languages	185,430	85,370	100,055	60,370	28,925	31,450
Chinese languages	181,255	83,310	97,940	60,155	28,805	31,345
Cantonese	83,405	37,430	45,975	17,845	8,470	9,375
Hakka	1,250	550	695	155	75	80
Mandarin	87,760	41,290	46,470	37,075	17,870	19,200
Min Dong	155	70	85	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,805	1,290	1,515	1,830	830	1,000
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,475	680	795	780	355	420
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,350	1,980	2,375	2,435	1,190	1,240
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	40	20	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,175	2,065	2,115	215	115	100
Burmese	365	165	205	35	15	20
Karenic languages	205	105	105	65	40	30
Tibetan	3,520	1,755	1,775	70	45	30
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	40	20	20
Tai-Kadai languages	710	330	385	2,375	1,145	1,230
Lao	315	155	160	2,150	1,055	1,100
Thai	395	170	220	225	90	135
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	6,340	3,205	3,135	5,120	2,540	2,575
Azerbaijani	365	185	180	100	50	55
Turkish	5,490	2,770	2,725	4,715	2,340	2,370
Uyghur	130	70	60	140	75	70
Uzbek	260	140	125	105	50	55
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	90	45	50	65	30	35
Uralic languages	6,255	2,830	3,425	2,025	895	1,130
Estonian	535	185	345	30	10	20
Finnish	265	105	155	50	20	30
Hungarian	5,460	2,540	2,920	1,945	860	1,085
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	210	115	95	150	90	60
Multiple responses	245,945	116,105	129,840	322,820	157,960	164,860
English and French	6,510	3,015	3,500	86,715	43,820	42,890
English and non-official language	233,300	110,350	122,950	54,400	26,255	28,140
French and non-official language	1,355	595	760	139,385	66,610	72,775
English, French and non-official language	4,785	2,145	2,635	42,320	21,270	21,045
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,510	8,066,555	3,977,275	4,089,285
None	2,057,585	995,085	1,062,505	6,825,240	3,356,340	3,468,900
English	271,530	130,775	140,750	513,410	263,670	249,735
French	27,445	12,365	15,080	320,370	158,340	162,030
Non-official language	335,090	157,715	177,375	317,790	154,450	163,340
Aboriginal	385	165	220	5,700	2,645	3,060
Non-Aboriginal	334,705	157,555	177,150	312,085	151,810	160,280
English and French	1,840	875	965	36,235	18,285	17,955
English and non-official language	6,420	3,080	3,345	28,630	14,075	14,555
French and non-official language	4,370	1,945	2,420	23,470	11,365	12,095
English, French and non-official language	145	65	75	1,420	740	680
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,120	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,187,030	1,041,910	1,145,115	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,089	33,456	27,576	32,975	37,842	28,522
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,187,335	1,042,005	1,145,335	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,400
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,958	30,661	25,918	29,535	33,110	26,119
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,888,445	918,925	969,520	5,685,690	2,866,470	2,819,220
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,733	36,010	28,105	30,067	35,597	25,012
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,598,440	709,590	888,845	4,973,245	2,300,800	2,672,445
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,249	1,115	3,956	7,307	5,851	8,246
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,578,750	791,520	787,230	4,627,795	2,408,420	2,219,370
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,602	37,149	30,393	31,263	35,627	27,219
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	2,294,785	1,092,650	1,202,135	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,187,220	1,041,920	1,145,300	6,417,010	3,159,415	3,257,595
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,268	62,667	42,807	42,546	49,087	36,203
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,187,505	1,042,020	1,145,485	6,418,440	3,159,550	3,258,890
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,462	48,059	35,461	34,887	39,292	30,616
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,889,205	918,695	970,505	5,685,905	2,866,415	2,819,485
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,901	66,647	43,781	40,505	47,810	33,079
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,598,725	710,015	888,705	4,972,650	2,299,595	2,673,050
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,631	5,725	7,355	8,590	7,846	9,229
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,578,750	791,440	787,310	4,627,775	2,408,655	2,219,120
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,032	64,206	43,805	40,382	45,974	34,313
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	2,294,785	1,092,655	1,202,135	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	726,575	392,990	333,590	2,036,965	1,114,940	922,025
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	55,246	58,626	52,090	47,111	51,622	42,433
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	78,643	89,498	65,856	56,564	62,750	49,085
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.6	93.6	86.7	84.4	88.3	79.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	74.4	77.7	70.1	68.4	71.4	64.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.4	6.4	13.3	15.6	11.7	20.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,125	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,140
Without total income	107,755	50,750	57,010	216,685	99,555	117,125
With total income	2,187,030	1,041,915	1,145,115	6,417,615	3,160,595	3,257,020
Percentage with total income	95.3	95.4	95.3	96.7	96.9	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	389,425	182,890	206,540	789,595	351,935	437,660
$10,000 to $19,999	410,355	175,800	234,550	1,188,135	476,630	711,500
$20,000 to $29,999	291,150	125,720	165,430	976,210	428,390	547,830
$30,000 to $39,999	221,480	100,395	121,080	852,735	414,105	438,625
$40,000 to $49,999	187,235	87,700	99,535	747,995	378,215	369,780
$50,000 to $59,999	145,500	70,185	75,315	540,265	292,110	248,150
$60,000 to $69,999	114,465	57,710	56,755	375,935	214,805	161,130
$70,000 to $79,999	89,645	46,940	42,705	286,025	164,240	121,790
$80,000 to $89,999	69,990	37,360	32,630	189,350	113,715	75,635
$90,000 to $99,999	58,210	30,000	28,210	122,750	80,090	42,660
$100,000 and over	209,580	127,210	82,365	348,620	246,360	102,255
$100,000 to $149,999	119,810	68,240	51,570	236,515	164,145	72,370
$150,000 and over	89,765	58,970	30,790	112,105	82,215	29,885
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,294,785	1,092,665	1,202,125	6,634,295	3,260,150	3,374,140
Without after-tax income	107,450	50,660	56,790	215,120	99,375	115,750
With after-tax income	2,187,335	1,042,005	1,145,330	6,419,175	3,160,780	3,258,395
Percentage with after-tax income	95.3	95.4	95.3	96.8	97.0	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	395,775	185,315	210,465	822,725	359,045	463,675
$10,000 to $19,999	425,585	183,045	242,535	1,246,480	505,165	741,315
$20,000 to $29,999	330,405	144,295	186,110	1,192,885	541,080	651,810
$30,000 to $39,999	261,430	120,820	140,610	1,096,510	553,200	543,315
$40,000 to $49,999	213,815	101,645	112,175	793,150	425,040	368,115
$50,000 to $59,999	154,925	77,550	77,370	498,475	283,130	215,345
$60,000 to $69,999	112,490	59,260	53,240	309,415	180,470	128,945
$70,000 to $79,999	84,295	44,485	39,810	167,895	108,500	59,395
$80,000 and over	208,610	125,585	83,030	291,635	205,155	86,485
$80,000 to $89,999	57,270	30,705	26,570	95,010	64,670	30,335
$90,000 to $99,999	34,665	20,030	14,625	55,980	39,080	16,905
$100,000 and over	116,675	74,845	41,830	140,645	101,405	39,240
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,120	6,634,295	3,260,155	3,374,145
Without employment income	716,035	301,145	414,890	2,006,505	851,730	1,154,775
With employment income	1,578,750	791,520	787,230	4,627,790	2,408,420	2,219,375
Percentage with employment income	68.8	72.4	65.5	69.8	73.9	65.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	201,230	94,895	106,335	606,300	311,780	294,520
$5,000 to $9,999	132,320	61,255	71,065	367,030	162,150	204,885
$10,000 to $19,999	219,860	103,505	116,360	681,920	305,995	375,920
$20,000 to $29,999	176,835	81,220	95,615	586,140	269,950	316,195
$30,000 to $39,999	157,110	75,225	81,885	565,425	277,135	288,285
$40,000 to $49,999	141,850	68,405	73,445	476,665	247,105	229,560
$50,000 to $59,999	113,280	57,240	56,040	359,180	203,580	155,600
$60,000 to $69,999	90,310	47,125	43,185	266,650	156,255	110,395
$70,000 to $79,999	72,185	39,215	32,975	224,040	129,890	94,150
$80,000 and over	273,755	163,430	110,330	494,440	344,585	149,855
$80,000 to $89,999	57,580	31,675	25,910	139,830	90,295	49,540
$90,000 to $99,999	50,845	26,265	24,580	93,860	64,160	29,700
$100,000 and over	165,330	105,490	59,845	260,745	190,125	70,620
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	1,112,930	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,829	...	...	59,822	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,264	...	...	52,207	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	359,960	...	...	1,175,230	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,018	...	...	31,574	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,172	...	...	28,469	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	752,970	...	...	2,356,430	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,908	...	...	78,645	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,695	...	...	67,665	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	1,112,925	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	102,721	...	...	77,306	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,495	...	...	63,404	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	359,990	...	...	1,174,695	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,409	...	...	40,042	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,276	...	...	33,262	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	752,940	...	...	2,356,970	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	125,340	...	...	95,878	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,289	...	...	78,426	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	1,112,930	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Under $5,000	33,195	...	...	47,170	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	23,455	...	...	56,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	36,545	...	...	119,570	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	54,020	...	...	180,865	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	47,315	...	...	179,690	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	47,500	...	...	154,150	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	46,945	...	...	185,000	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	47,115	...	...	184,435	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	46,285	...	...	179,855	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	44,650	...	...	170,445	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	84,180	...	...	313,600	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	76,120	...	...	273,620	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	68,190	...	...	241,940	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60,400	...	...	208,620	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	53,490	...	...	176,355	...	...
$100,000 and over	343,520	...	...	860,030	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	100,810	...	...	327,435	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	68,300	...	...	204,105	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	77,810	...	...	192,155	...	...
$200,000 and over	96,600	...	...	136,335	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,112,930	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Under $5,000	34,790	...	...	50,445	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	23,620	...	...	57,335	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	37,080	...	...	120,860	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55,930	...	...	190,300	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	51,915	...	...	202,905	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	52,205	...	...	187,365	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	53,515	...	...	231,765	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55,540	...	...	225,695	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55,770	...	...	211,990	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	53,385	...	...	202,760	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	98,910	...	...	363,775	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	86,755	...	...	309,825	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	75,120	...	...	256,150	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	63,360	...	...	208,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	51,565	...	...	166,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	263,465	...	...	545,440	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	94,025	...	...	269,170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	58,260	...	...	130,225	...	...
$150,000 and over	111,180	...	...	146,045	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	705,595	...	...	2,261,890	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,859	...	...	79,378	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,530	...	...	68,152	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	221,150	...	...	930,195	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,232	...	...	70,075	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,412	...	...	60,224	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	316,455	...	...	911,980	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,273	...	...	105,246	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,920	...	...	88,844	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	138,800	...	...	364,085	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,040	...	...	52,708	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,839	...	...	47,805	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	705,445	...	...	2,262,045	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,312	...	...	96,863	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,343	...	...	79,060	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	221,085	...	...	929,645	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	127,461	...	...	86,304	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,833	...	...	70,167	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	317,230	...	...	912,560	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	155,188	...	...	122,835	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,979	...	...	99,279	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	137,690	...	...	363,610	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,494	...	...	61,753	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,981	...	...	53,052	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	518,290	246,070	272,220	1,433,210	711,180	722,030
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,059	31,130	31,006	29,195	31,526	27,210
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,647	28,567	28,713	26,706	28,214	25,434
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	517,005	245,105	271,895	1,430,625	708,225	722,405
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,407	49,458	45,557	37,684	39,840	35,571
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	38,513	39,445	37,673	31,513	32,729	30,321
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	2,691,665	1,296,240	1,395,430	7,965,455	3,941,475	4,023,970
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,455,315	686,810	768,505	4,577,885	2,216,770	2,361,115
In the bottom decile	404,560	195,060	209,500	747,785	368,385	379,395
In the second decile	320,165	146,185	173,985	898,605	408,705	489,900
In the third decile	268,500	125,455	143,040	997,185	481,975	515,210
In the fourth decile	238,680	113,000	125,680	996,230	490,275	505,960
In the fifth decile	223,410	107,115	116,295	938,080	467,425	470,655
In the top half of the distribution	1,236,350	609,420	626,925	3,387,565	1,724,710	1,662,855
In the sixth decile	216,450	103,995	112,455	881,640	444,865	436,775
In the seventh decile	213,325	103,540	109,785	806,685	409,470	397,220
In the eighth decile	219,865	107,815	112,050	700,450	357,000	343,455
In the ninth decile	241,850	119,420	122,425	557,160	286,195	270,960
In the top decile	344,855	174,650	170,205	441,630	227,185	214,445
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430	7,921,505	3,919,560	4,001,945
0 to 17 years	478,360	245,340	233,020	1,564,410	800,455	763,960
0 to 5 years	162,510	83,480	79,030	532,410	272,790	259,625
18 to 64 years	1,811,260	874,405	936,860	5,021,875	2,498,900	2,522,980
65 years and over	402,045	176,495	225,550	1,335,220	620,210	715,010
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	543,390	254,890	288,500	1,160,190	542,405	617,785
0 to 17 years	125,680	64,485	61,190	222,955	114,410	108,540
0 to 5 years	42,685	21,880	20,805	75,270	38,595	36,670
18 to 64 years	347,775	163,045	184,730	688,130	334,825	353,305
65 years and over	69,935	27,355	42,575	249,110	93,170	155,930
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.2	19.7	20.7	14.6	13.8	15.4
0 to 17 years (%)	26.3	26.3	26.3	14.3	14.3	14.2
0 to 5 years (%)	26.3	26.2	26.3	14.1	14.1	14.1
18 to 64 years (%)	19.2	18.6	19.7	13.7	13.4	14.0
65 years and over (%)	17.4	15.5	18.9	18.7	15.0	21.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	469,330	224,145	245,185	731,340	358,085	373,260
0 to 17 years	98,905	50,725	48,185	129,325	66,400	62,925
0 to 5 years	33,955	17,345	16,605	44,375	22,705	21,675
18 to 64 years	322,620	155,490	167,130	514,540	261,485	253,060
65 years and over	47,800	17,935	29,865	87,475	30,205	57,270
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	17.4	17.3	17.6	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	20.7	20.7	20.7	8.3	8.3	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	20.9	20.8	21.0	8.3	8.3	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	10.2	10.5	10.0
65 years and over (%)	11.9	10.2	13.2	6.6	4.9	8.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,390	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Official languages	2,559,780	1,243,220	1,316,565	7,891,110	3,911,220	3,979,890
English	2,557,220	1,242,185	1,315,030	3,930,690	2,058,470	1,872,225
French	246,605	107,660	138,950	7,522,350	3,725,145	3,797,200
Non-official languages	1,464,760	689,505	775,255	1,610,980	776,265	834,720
Aboriginal languages	795	325	470	50,890	25,190	25,700
Algonquian languages	655	285	375	37,515	18,545	18,965
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	135	65	70	34,415	17,050	17,370
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	9,850	4,735	5,115
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	775	385	385
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	260	130	130
Plains Cree	25	20	10	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	35	25	10
Swampy Cree	25	10	15	15	0	10
Woods Cree	10	0	0	10	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	70	35	35	17,175	8,600	8,575
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	10	10	885	460	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	10	10	880	460	425
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	510	215	290	2,340	1,105	1,235
Algonquin	10	0	10	2,240	1,055	1,185
Ojibway	485	205	275	105	50	50
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	35	20	10
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	20	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	20	15	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	10	10	10	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	10	0	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	10	15	12,595	6,270	6,330
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	12,485	6,210	6,270
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	115	60	60
Iroquoian languages	50	10	35	740	360	375
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	40	0	30	690	350	335
Oneida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	15	35
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	10	30	15	10
Salish languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	0	0	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	10	10	90	40	55
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,464,020	689,205	774,820	1,560,375	751,215	809,160
Afro-Asiatic languages	100,730	49,940	50,795	301,035	157,545	143,490
Berber languages	140	80	60	27,595	14,650	12,945
Kabyle	35	15	20	16,170	8,580	7,590
Berber languages, n.i.e.	105	65	40	11,580	6,150	5,425
Cushitic languages	17,250	7,505	9,745	1,550	745	805
Bilen	70	45	25	35	20	10
Oromo	1,175	495	685	45	30	10
Somali	16,020	6,955	9,065	1,460	680	780
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	25	40	10	10	0
Semitic languages	84,515	42,935	41,575	286,625	149,970	136,660
Amharic	9,555	4,440	5,120	1,145	540	600
Arabic	47,890	25,000	22,885	267,965	140,280	127,685
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5,930	2,865	3,065	195	95	95
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	680	335	345	10	0	0
Harari	945	480	470	0	0	0
Hebrew	18,865	9,555	9,310	18,035	9,490	8,540
Maltese	1,865	910	950	40	10	25
Tigrigna	5,145	2,425	2,720	420	195	225
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	465	260	210	180	85	95
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	370	185	190	810	430	380
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,965	15,605	18,360	46,050	21,955	24,095
Khmer (Cambodian)	2,020	850	1,175	11,840	5,620	6,220
Vietnamese	32,170	14,870	17,295	34,580	16,520	18,060
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	40	25	15
Austronesian languages	128,080	50,505	77,570	31,230	11,820	19,410
Bikol	390	180	210	105	45	60
Cebuano	4,690	1,865	2,825	1,105	360	750
Fijian	10	0	10	15	0	10
Hiligaynon	1,810	735	1,075	540	195	350
Ilocano	9,550	3,780	5,770	2,500	890	1,610
Malagasy	55	20	35	1,980	940	1,040
Malay	3,435	1,585	1,850	1,210	525	690
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	920	420	500	195	95	100
Pangasinan	320	130	190	60	20	40
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	121,155	47,540	73,620	26,705	9,785	16,915
Waray-Waray	220	65	155	55	10	45
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	895	360	535	540	270	275
Creole languages	8,845	3,795	5,050	115,445	51,970	63,475
Haitian Creole	455	195	260	4,910	2,285	2,620
Creole, n.o.s.	4,830	2,010	2,825	108,315	48,615	59,705
Creole languages, n.i.e.	3,675	1,620	2,050	2,835	1,390	1,445
Dravidian languages	87,335	43,525	43,810	18,710	9,495	9,210
Kannada	1,610	835	775	415	210	205
Malayalam	6,705	3,550	3,155	510	285	220
Tamil	74,745	36,610	38,135	17,245	8,680	8,565
Telugu	6,135	3,560	2,570	930	540	390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	160	75	80	15	10	0
Hmong-Mien languages	15	10	10	35	15	25
Indo-European languages	764,770	369,535	395,235	912,945	435,785	477,155
Albanian	9,905	4,880	5,025	3,375	1,730	1,645
Armenian	9,630	4,560	5,070	20,290	9,790	10,500
Balto-Slavic languages	138,380	62,970	75,405	88,425	41,725	46,700
Baltic languages	3,910	1,540	2,370	1,080	500	585
Latvian	1,765	740	1,025	335	150	185
Lithuanian	2,145	800	1,345	755	350	410
Slavic languages	135,360	61,785	73,575	87,520	41,315	46,205
Belarusan	465	240	225	365	150	215
Bosnian	1,960	925	1,030	1,975	990	985
Bulgarian	4,860	2,335	2,520	7,345	3,595	3,750
Croatian	8,555	4,140	4,415	3,580	1,760	1,820
Czech	3,745	1,795	1,950	2,070	975	1,095
Macedonian	8,245	3,850	4,390	285	140	145
Polish	30,970	13,520	17,455	17,760	8,090	9,665
Russian	51,040	23,150	27,890	46,665	22,265	24,400
Serbian	17,025	8,365	8,660	4,050	1,980	2,070
Serbo-Croatian	1,800	850	950	2,385	1,140	1,245
Slovak	3,460	1,600	1,855	1,520	705	820
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,010	890	1,120	970	490	480
Ukrainian	21,015	9,145	11,870	9,015	3,885	5,135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	335	205	130	150	75	75
Celtic languages	1,355	720	640	495	305	195
Scottish Gaelic	395	215	180	155	95	65
Welsh	140	65	80	85	45	40
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	815	440	380	265	175	95
Germanic languages	43,080	20,695	22,385	63,370	31,835	31,530
Afrikaans	1,670	850	820	415	260	150
Danish	1,090	485	605	835	410	420
Dutch	4,755	2,330	2,425	5,060	2,665	2,395
Frisian	70	35	40	15	10	0
German	29,980	14,340	15,640	43,475	21,950	21,530
Icelandic	100	50	50	140	80	60
Norwegian	480	240	240	510	255	255
Swedish	1,630	765	865	1,580	785	795
Vlaams (Flemish)	155	70	90	760	265	495
Yiddish	4,685	2,305	2,380	12,375	6,225	6,155
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	270	125	140
Greek	40,170	19,695	20,480	51,060	25,520	25,540
Indo-Iranian languages	254,825	130,405	124,415	93,655	48,040	45,615
Indo-Aryan languages	193,285	99,090	94,195	59,570	30,870	28,700
Bengali	35,635	18,260	17,380	12,870	6,610	6,260
Gujarati	36,180	18,650	17,530	7,950	3,860	4,090
Hindi	65,355	34,355	31,005	15,570	8,285	7,280
Kashmiri	85	45	40	45	35	15
Konkani	1,505	695	810	150	70	75
Marathi	3,230	1,625	1,600	475	240	230
Nepali	3,925	1,945	1,975	1,445	725	720
Oriya (Odia)	450	220	230	55	35	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	33,780	17,715	16,060	17,860	9,690	8,165
Sindhi	4,190	1,955	2,235	500	240	255
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	6,860	3,390	3,470	1,335	625	710
Urdu	57,670	29,285	28,390	16,545	8,655	7,890
Iranian languages	63,765	32,350	31,415	35,420	17,830	17,585
Kurdish	2,080	1,205	870	1,255	665	590
Pashto	6,575	3,595	2,975	1,825	1,005	825
Persian (Farsi)	57,760	29,105	28,650	32,965	16,560	16,405
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,520	850	670	845	425	420
Italic (Romance) languages	290,570	136,500	154,065	627,545	293,620	333,920
Catalan	240	125	115	890	525	365
Italian	91,595	42,760	48,835	173,710	84,430	89,275
Portuguese	75,785	36,510	39,275	55,100	27,620	27,475
Romanian	14,620	6,575	8,045	42,655	20,550	22,110
Spanish	122,195	57,080	65,110	390,355	177,610	212,745
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	440	220	215	490	345	145
Japanese	12,070	5,105	6,965	7,040	3,340	3,695
Kartvelian languages	1,130	570	550	220	110	110
Georgian	1,130	570	555	215	105	110
Korean	37,610	17,460	20,150	6,260	2,825	3,430
Mongolic languages	350	150	190	270	135	130
Mongolian	350	155	195	265	135	130
Niger-Congo languages	26,430	12,495	13,935	52,840	26,665	26,175
Akan (Twi)	7,005	3,220	3,785	1,800	945	855
Bamanankan	110	70	35	2,385	1,240	1,145
Edo	1,205	500	710	190	95	95
Ewe	265	155	110	1,410	865	545
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	295	150	150	3,400	1,785	1,620
Ga	475	195	280	315	155	160
Ganda	580	280	305	90	40	55
Igbo	1,480	765	715	275	190	90
Lingala	1,265	540	730	9,630	4,430	5,200
Rundi (Kirundi)	395	210	185	4,490	2,210	2,285
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	460	215	250	3,535	1,640	1,895
Shona	755	345	410	150	75	80
Swahili	6,210	2,995	3,210	8,015	4,080	3,935
Wolof	285	135	150	6,555	3,545	3,015
Yoruba	3,600	1,865	1,730	885	485	395
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	3,975	1,745	2,230	17,720	9,125	8,595
Nilo-Saharan languages	310	170	140	695	345	350
Dinka	55	35	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	255	135	120	695	345	350
Sign languages	3,090	1,375	1,710	7,775	3,095	4,675
American Sign Language	1,950	765	1,185	675	245	435
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	4,405	1,590	2,815
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,195	645	545	2,960	1,350	1,605
Sino-Tibetan languages	279,905	129,990	149,910	90,460	42,695	47,770
Chinese languages	273,760	126,965	146,795	90,060	42,480	47,580
Cantonese	141,265	64,620	76,645	31,885	14,900	16,980
Hakka	3,030	1,260	1,775	545	240	310
Mandarin	150,735	69,895	80,835	59,240	27,560	31,685
Min Dong	460	205	255	15	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	7,240	3,190	4,045	4,215	1,860	2,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,225	1,490	1,735	1,230	535	690
Chinese, n.o.s.	7,055	3,155	3,900	4,800	2,380	2,425
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	75	45	30	90	40	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,400	3,165	3,230	430	235	195
Burmese	885	400	490	140	75	60
Karenic languages	245	115	135	105	55	45
Tibetan	5,045	2,520	2,525	65	50	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	295	175	120	140	65	80
Tai-Kadai languages	2,205	875	1,330	7,280	3,400	3,880
Lao	845	380	465	5,785	2,850	2,935
Thai	1,455	540	915	2,255	875	1,375
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	15	10	10
Turkic languages	15,395	8,125	7,275	12,475	6,265	6,210
Azerbaijani	1,465	760	705	510	275	235
Turkish	12,995	6,910	6,095	11,415	5,755	5,665
Uyghur	325	150	175	230	110	120
Uzbek	630	345	285	230	105	125
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	380	160	220	235	115	120
Uralic languages	17,065	7,680	9,385	7,870	3,710	4,160
Estonian	1,985	855	1,130	150	55	95
Finnish	1,435	585	850	500	195	305
Hungarian	13,700	6,260	7,440	7,215	3,450	3,765
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,310	680	630	2,140	1,170	970
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	2,296,370	1,108,005	1,188,370	7,585,545	3,753,190	3,832,350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	431,660	221,475	210,175	1,521,230	779,620	741,610
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,864,715	886,525	978,190	6,064,310	2,973,575	3,090,740
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	395,295	188,270	207,030	379,910	188,245	191,665
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	2,691,665	1,296,275	1,395,395	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,332,085	665,435	666,655	6,788,085	3,365,345	3,422,735
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	1,266,000	583,970	682,030	1,091,310	530,325	560,980
Before 1981	294,065	133,315	160,755	238,655	117,080	121,575
1981 to 1990	171,565	81,200	90,360	127,340	63,150	64,190
1991 to 2000	281,870	127,730	154,140	187,860	89,210	98,650
2001 to 2010	330,555	152,945	177,605	322,280	155,785	166,495
2001 to 2005	162,775	75,695	87,075	140,170	67,835	72,335
2006 to 2010	167,780	77,250	90,530	182,115	87,945	94,165
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	187,950	88,780	99,170	215,170	105,105	110,065
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	93,575	46,865	46,710	86,065	45,765	40,295
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	1,266,000	583,970	682,030	1,091,305	530,325	560,980
Under 5 years	96,800	47,595	49,205	112,930	54,600	58,330
5 to 14 years	205,915	102,695	103,215	174,020	87,165	86,855
15 to 24 years	270,475	120,040	150,430	215,350	98,880	116,475
25 to 44 years	558,625	254,865	303,760	515,770	256,095	259,675
45 years and over	134,195	58,775	75,420	73,230	33,590	39,640
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,266,000	583,970	682,030	1,091,305	530,330	560,980
Americas	212,010	92,485	119,525	247,505	113,190	134,315
Brazil	7,025	3,365	3,660	7,345	3,515	3,830
Colombia	8,710	3,995	4,720	25,580	11,645	13,935
El Salvador	6,960	3,495	3,460	11,120	5,500	5,615
Guyana	34,490	14,705	19,790	2,490	1,085	1,410
Haiti	1,850	835	1,020	80,965	35,375	45,585
Jamaica	45,075	18,280	26,795	4,665	2,040	2,625
Mexico	7,225	3,335	3,890	15,820	7,090	8,730
Peru	3,870	1,725	2,145	13,265	5,945	7,325
Trinidad and Tobago	19,640	8,305	11,330	4,075	1,840	2,240
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	24,530	11,485	13,050	25,955	12,800	13,155
Other places of birth in Americas	52,635	22,970	29,665	56,235	26,370	29,870
Europe	298,265	139,045	159,225	311,090	154,910	156,185
Bosnia and Herzegovina	5,130	2,445	2,690	3,785	1,890	1,895
Croatia	4,675	2,200	2,480	2,140	1,085	1,050
France	4,585	2,175	2,410	81,225	43,490	37,735
Germany	11,090	5,215	5,870	9,750	4,365	5,390
Greece	19,235	9,185	10,050	18,420	9,135	9,285
Hungary	7,855	3,580	4,285	3,325	1,620	1,700
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	4,625	2,400	2,225	820	485	330
Italy	45,515	21,355	24,170	51,025	25,370	25,655
Netherlands	2,685	1,355	1,335	1,990	1,035	955
Poland	21,365	9,270	12,095	10,735	4,675	6,060
Portugal	38,575	18,490	20,085	18,985	9,185	9,800
Romania	12,875	5,695	7,185	28,695	13,695	15,005
Russian Federation	16,225	6,755	9,470	11,355	4,975	6,375
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	8,525	4,095	4,430	1,790	830	960
Ukraine	15,780	7,075	8,710	8,670	3,800	4,870
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	40,295	19,430	20,870	12,905	6,645	6,260
Other places of birth in Europe	39,225	18,350	20,875	45,500	22,630	22,870
Africa	77,445	36,520	40,925	241,410	125,250	116,165
Algeria	770	435	335	59,465	31,180	28,280
Egypt	6,625	3,490	3,130	19,490	10,290	9,200
Ethiopia	9,075	4,095	4,985	995	495	495
Kenya	4,880	2,195	2,685	785	355	430
Morocco	1,850	890	965	60,700	31,435	29,270
Nigeria	7,605	3,780	3,830	1,340	740	600
Somalia	9,025	3,605	5,415	580	270	310
South Africa, Republic of	5,560	2,715	2,845	865	475	385
Other places of birth in Africa	32,060	15,315	16,735	97,200	50,005	47,190
Asia	674,490	314,010	360,485	289,825	136,175	153,655
Afghanistan	12,740	6,455	6,285	7,280	3,640	3,640
Bangladesh	25,095	12,730	12,365	7,940	3,990	3,950
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	131,480	59,275	72,205	49,555	19,905	29,655
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	38,825	17,860	20,965	4,730	2,290	2,435
India	79,225	40,115	39,115	17,865	9,195	8,670
IranCensus data footnote 61	36,445	18,295	18,145	17,760	8,880	8,885
Iraq	11,135	5,485	5,645	3,735	1,960	1,775
Japan	3,985	1,260	2,725	1,725	395	1,330
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	26,830	12,330	14,500	4,230	1,995	2,230
Lebanon	6,010	3,350	2,660	39,135	20,800	18,340
Pakistan	34,750	17,540	17,215	10,010	5,260	4,750
Philippines	118,775	47,825	70,955	24,410	9,040	15,370
Sri Lanka	52,900	25,740	27,160	10,715	5,335	5,380
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,580	2,790	2,785	17,775	8,800	8,980
Taiwan	7,695	3,320	4,375	2,735	1,100	1,635
Viet Nam	30,575	13,725	16,855	25,440	11,765	13,675
Other places of birth in Asia	52,450	25,925	26,525	44,795	21,840	22,950
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	3,780	1,910	1,870	1,480	805	670
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	187,950	88,780	99,170	215,170	105,105	110,065
Americas	23,850	11,215	12,635	47,710	22,625	25,085
Brazil	1,910	935	980	3,010	1,495	1,520
Colombia	1,430	665	760	7,540	3,465	4,075
Cuba	775	345	425	2,565	1,260	1,315
Haiti	675	320	360	16,880	7,690	9,190
Jamaica	3,530	1,845	1,685	190	140	55
Mexico	2,065	995	1,070	4,210	1,955	2,255
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	4,015	2,090	1,930	3,990	2,265	1,720
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,060	480	575	1,955	935	1,020
Other places of birth in Americas	8,390	3,545	4,845	7,365	3,425	3,935
Europe	20,265	10,240	10,025	39,320	20,085	19,235
France	1,145	560	585	20,030	10,855	9,175
Germany	625	340	285	580	250	330
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,215	775	440	135	105	35
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	400	180	220	3,750	1,695	2,055
Romania	860	355	505	2,945	1,260	1,685
Russian Federation	2,290	830	1,460	1,970	865	1,105
Ukraine	1,930	905	1,025	2,460	1,110	1,350
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	2,120	1,375	740	860	565	290
Other places of birth in Europe	9,680	4,920	4,765	6,590	3,385	3,205
Africa	13,300	6,380	6,915	74,200	37,110	37,090
Algeria	130	50	75	16,380	8,060	8,320
Cameroon	555	235	315	7,550	3,705	3,845
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	330	135	195	3,370	1,655	1,715
Côte d'Ivoire	170	70	100	5,070	2,505	2,565
Egypt	1,350	690	655	4,360	2,260	2,095
Eritrea	970	485	485	50	30	20
Ethiopia	1,560	710	850	125	65	60
Morocco	215	100	115	13,475	6,675	6,805
Nigeria	2,550	1,240	1,315	540	280	260
Somalia	1,010	480	530	95	40	50
South Africa, Republic of	395	230	165	175	115	60
Tunisia	80	55	25	5,855	3,025	2,825
Other places of birth in Africa	3,985	1,895	2,090	17,155	8,690	8,470
Asia	129,695	60,420	69,275	53,595	25,070	28,525
Afghanistan	3,170	1,630	1,535	1,555	715	840
Bangladesh	5,790	2,875	2,920	860	455	405
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	23,195	10,230	12,965	10,705	4,805	5,895
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	635	270	365	120	35	80
India	20,100	10,560	9,545	2,960	1,555	1,405
IranCensus data footnote 61	10,930	5,325	5,610	7,505	3,545	3,960
Iraq	3,715	1,795	1,920	985	465	515
Israel	590	300	285	645	390	255
Japan	740	195	540	330	30	295
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,925	1,320	1,610	825	370	455
Lebanon	615	355	265	3,955	2,100	1,860
Nepal	1,575	830	745	360	165	195
Pakistan	6,725	3,290	3,435	1,815	920	895
Philippines	31,730	13,360	18,365	5,635	2,345	3,290
Saudi Arabia	865	440	425	435	210	225
Sri Lanka	4,350	1,830	2,525	860	380	480
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,260	1,730	1,525	7,455	3,740	3,715
Taiwan	325	105	220	170	60	105
Turkey	1,675	915	755	585	300	285
United Arab Emirates	935	480	455	300	160	145
Viet Nam	1,380	500	875	1,505	560	945
Other places of birth in Asia	4,460	2,085	2,375	4,025	1,765	2,265
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	850	530	315	345	215	135
Australia	660	425	235	190	120	70
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	185	105	80	155	95	65
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,377,465	640,060	737,405	1,204,895	590,175	614,720
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	740,175	371,445	368,735	792,085	399,535	392,550
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	574,020	284,775	289,250	5,968,475	2,951,730	3,016,745
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	988,320	458,395	529,930	867,685	420,465	447,220
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	475,155	227,400	247,760	469,015	243,915	225,100
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	201,860	111,560	90,305	224,720	137,975	86,745
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	273,295	115,835	157,455	244,300	105,945	138,360
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	320,945	131,350	189,590	241,225	96,130	145,095
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	176,125	92,535	83,590	146,295	75,100	71,195
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	16,100	7,110	8,990	11,150	5,320	5,825
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	2,691,665	1,296,275	1,395,395	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,010
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	23,065	10,830	12,230	182,885	91,890	90,995
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	21,925	10,215	11,710	175,960	88,635	87,325
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	14,380	6,700	7,680	92,655	45,510	47,145
Métis	7,265	3,385	3,880	69,365	36,260	33,100
Inuk (Inuit)	275	130	145	13,940	6,865	7,075
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	500	265	235	2,760	1,330	1,430
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	645	360	285	4,170	1,930	2,245
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,668,600	1,285,440	1,383,160	7,782,560	3,849,550	3,933,015
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	7,960	3,655	4,305	77,490	38,580	38,915
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,683,700	1,292,615	1,391,085	7,887,960	3,902,860	3,985,100
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	7,965,455	3,941,440	4,024,015
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	4,215	1,895	2,320	118,780	58,535	60,245
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	4,125	1,860	2,270	115,480	56,930	58,550
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	3,330	1,450	1,880	87,700	42,730	44,965
Métis single ancestry	705	370	335	17,585	9,225	8,360
Inuit single ancestry	90	35	60	10,200	4,980	5,220
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	85	40	45	3,300	1,605	1,700
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	65	25	35	2,220	1,115	1,105
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	995	455	540
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	65	25	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	20	10	15
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	31,415	14,655	16,760	240,650	113,905	126,740
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	30,560	14,295	16,265	235,365	111,205	124,165
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	23,360	11,005	12,360	193,625	90,650	102,975
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,885	3,140	3,745	37,080	18,320	18,760
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	320	155	160	4,660	2,230	2,425
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	850	355	500	5,280	2,700	2,575
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	765	310	465	4,040	2,105	1,940
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	35	25	990	475	515
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	225	110	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	2,656,035	1,279,725	1,376,315	7,606,025	3,769,000	3,837,030
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	7,965,450	3,941,440	4,024,015
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	1,385,850	656,795	729,055	1,032,365	505,180	527,185
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	338,965	171,480	167,480	90,335	46,750	43,585
Chinese	299,465	140,730	158,735	99,505	44,370	55,135
Black	239,850	109,870	129,980	319,230	154,110	165,120
Filipino	152,720	64,130	88,585	34,910	14,275	20,635
Latin American	77,160	37,295	39,865	133,920	64,655	69,260
Arab	36,025	18,925	17,110	213,740	113,420	100,320
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	41,645	19,380	22,270	62,820	29,960	32,865
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	60,320	30,515	29,805	32,405	16,200	16,210
Korean	41,640	19,665	21,975	8,055	3,865	4,190
Japanese	13,415	5,510	7,905	4,570	1,755	2,820
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	36,980	16,945	20,035	9,840	4,670	5,175
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	47,670	22,360	25,310	23,045	11,160	11,885
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,305,815	639,475	666,340	6,933,085	3,436,260	3,496,830
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	2,691,665	1,296,275	1,395,395	7,965,455	3,941,435	4,024,010
North American Aboriginal origins	35,630	16,550	19,080	359,430	172,440	186,985
First Nations (North American Indian)	27,610	12,840	14,770	289,610	137,550	152,065
Inuit	520	245	270	17,175	8,300	8,880
Métis	8,460	3,870	4,590	61,260	30,915	30,345
Other North American origins	345,710	170,645	175,065	4,850,145	2,390,545	2,459,605
Acadian	2,320	1,190	1,125	34,785	16,440	18,345
American	27,470	13,460	14,015	45,050	21,470	23,580
Canadian	323,180	159,435	163,740	4,647,840	2,288,280	2,359,555
New Brunswicker	45	30	20	750	370	380
Newfoundlander	1,425	695	730	570	280	295
Nova Scotian	330	150	180	365	155	215
Ontarian	375	225	150	1,345	660	685
Québécois	880	440	440	184,005	93,895	90,110
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	150	75	75	205	110	100
European origins	1,288,855	624,910	663,940	3,037,890	1,511,060	1,526,825
British Isles origins	597,295	292,595	304,700	745,715	360,135	385,575
Channel Islander	175	95	80	1,440	725	720
Cornish	155	75	75	70	35	40
English	331,890	162,525	169,365	228,520	111,855	116,670
Irish	262,965	125,330	137,640	446,215	211,545	234,665
Manx	435	255	175	200	105	95
Scottish	256,255	124,595	131,660	215,030	103,395	111,635
Welsh	28,210	13,430	14,780	10,765	5,075	5,690
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	52,905	25,635	27,270	32,525	15,440	17,080
French origins	122,870	58,260	64,610	1,878,795	941,770	937,025
Alsatian	260	100	165	1,050	520	525
Breton	40	35	10	11,140	5,410	5,725
Corsican	35	15	25	1,270	690	580
French	122,610	58,150	64,460	1,870,545	937,665	932,875
Western European origins (except French origins)	187,190	90,670	96,520	244,380	119,115	125,260
Austrian	16,145	7,660	8,490	12,710	6,285	6,430
Bavarian	85	35	45	40	30	20
Belgian	4,890	2,220	2,675	51,340	25,295	26,050
Dutch	41,650	19,885	21,770	26,000	12,805	13,190
Flemish	465	225	240	1,345	660	685
Frisian	235	135	100	15	20	0
German	130,895	63,810	67,085	142,225	68,250	73,975
Luxembourger	130	60	65	910	445	460
Swiss	7,630	3,770	3,855	24,500	12,615	11,885
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	335	140	195	125	80	50
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	36,720	17,695	19,025	25,460	12,490	12,975
Danish	7,575	3,715	3,860	5,700	2,815	2,885
Finnish	8,160	3,795	4,365	3,130	1,430	1,700
Icelandic	2,310	1,115	1,190	955	480	470
Norwegian	9,180	4,565	4,610	7,820	3,835	3,985
Swedish	10,400	4,775	5,625	6,840	3,275	3,565
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,950	890	1,060	2,500	1,265	1,230
Eastern European origins	302,480	141,850	160,630	249,940	121,660	128,285
Bulgarian	6,495	3,090	3,405	9,570	4,675	4,895
Byelorussian	4,080	2,040	2,045	2,530	1,235	1,295
Czech	9,505	4,560	4,950	6,295	2,965	3,330
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	2,315	1,040	1,275	2,150	1,100	1,050
Estonian	4,615	2,165	2,455	890	460	435
Hungarian	33,700	16,350	17,350	28,280	13,970	14,310
Latvian	5,710	2,640	3,070	1,740	835	905
Lithuanian	11,675	5,400	6,270	6,630	3,320	3,305
Moldovan	1,270	620	650	7,620	3,710	3,900
Polish	114,530	53,655	60,880	79,040	38,705	40,335
Romanian	26,250	12,230	14,025	53,060	25,935	27,125
Russian	74,465	34,140	40,330	55,230	26,405	28,830
Slovak	7,615	3,680	3,940	4,770	2,375	2,395
Ukrainian	72,340	34,015	38,330	42,550	20,575	21,975
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	5,210	2,415	2,795	2,900	1,505	1,400
Southern European origins	441,480	215,805	225,675	549,750	273,670	276,080
Albanian	11,120	5,570	5,555	3,760	1,950	1,805
Bosnian	2,960	1,425	1,540	2,970	1,485	1,490
Catalan	120	80	35	735	395	340
Croatian	13,670	6,690	6,985	6,745	3,375	3,370
Cypriot	1,470	740	725	480	240	245
Greek	57,420	28,600	28,820	71,330	36,235	35,090
Italian	182,500	89,805	92,690	326,700	162,650	164,045
Kosovar	270	145	125	505	295	210
Macedonian	13,320	6,590	6,735	775	400	370
Maltese	6,770	3,365	3,400	1,220	615	610
Montenegrin	930	410	530	450	250	200
Portuguese	100,420	48,720	51,695	69,805	34,825	34,980
Serbian	19,375	9,710	9,665	5,950	2,915	3,040
Sicilian	675	330	345	1,435	710	725
Slovenian	5,475	2,680	2,795	2,510	1,225	1,280
Spanish	56,815	26,600	30,215	85,360	41,745	43,615
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	3,310	1,580	1,730	3,270	1,595	1,670
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	260	120	145	300	155	145
Other European origins	42,130	20,955	21,175	38,670	19,875	18,800
Basque	510	225	275	3,620	1,930	1,690
Jewish	34,270	17,140	17,125	25,235	12,955	12,280
Roma (Gypsy)	905	425	480	475	270	205
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	495	260	235	360	180	185
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	6,320	3,080	3,245	9,215	4,690	4,530
Caribbean origins	165,735	73,675	92,065	201,625	93,935	107,690
Antiguan	1,315	540	780	380	170	205
Bahamian	620	335	285	430	205	225
Barbadian	9,010	4,035	4,980	5,570	2,585	2,985
Bermudan	645	300	350	115	50	65
Carib	995	335	660	405	150	255
Cuban	5,340	2,445	2,895	9,830	4,800	5,035
Dominican	3,580	1,725	1,855	11,560	5,320	6,235
Grenadian	7,370	3,005	4,365	1,965	790	1,175
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	1,010	475	535
Haitian	3,435	1,580	1,855	143,165	66,245	76,925
Jamaican	90,065	40,375	49,690	14,100	6,785	7,315
Kittitian/Nevisian	905	435	475	360	200	160
Martinican	80	30	45	1,775	820	950
Montserratan	240	105	140	240	140	105
Puerto Rican	445	240	210	530	270	255
St. Lucian	3,530	1,465	2,060	860	450	405
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20,215	9,035	11,180	6,585	2,925	3,660
Vincentian/Grenadinian	6,170	2,525	3,640	4,020	1,695	2,325
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	20,315	8,760	11,560	5,635	2,610	3,025
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	7,870	3,395	4,480	4,195	1,995	2,205
Latin, Central and South American origins	113,820	53,520	60,305	167,275	81,215	86,065
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	4,495	2,035	2,460	6,100	2,885	3,210
Arawak	475	225	250	180	60	120
Argentinian	4,250	2,100	2,150	4,950	2,490	2,460
Belizean	185	70	115	80	40	40
Bolivian	785	370	405	1,730	815	915
Brazilian	8,365	4,160	4,200	8,345	4,075	4,275
Chilean	5,900	2,885	3,015	14,060	7,055	7,005
Colombian	12,235	5,830	6,405	33,965	15,915	18,050
Costa Rican	1,070	580	490	1,180	570	610
Ecuadorian	9,990	4,680	5,315	2,720	1,255	1,470
Guatemalan	3,110	1,470	1,640	10,175	5,380	4,795
Guyanese	26,685	11,845	14,845	3,670	1,810	1,860
Hispanic	2,145	1,065	1,080	1,155	570	585
Honduran	1,020	455	565	4,335	2,135	2,200
Maya	785	385	395	1,670	935	735
Mexican	12,095	5,695	6,400	26,930	13,185	13,745
Nicaraguan	2,330	1,125	1,200	2,805	1,360	1,445
Panamanian	890	365	525	1,460	755	710
Paraguayan	165	65	95	365	155	205
Peruvian	4,990	2,335	2,650	19,735	9,240	10,495
Salvadorean	9,565	4,720	4,845	19,200	9,535	9,665
Uruguayan	1,300	665	635	1,755	815	940
Venezuelan	4,220	1,910	2,310	7,475	3,430	4,045
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	5,080	2,490	2,585	5,845	2,965	2,880
African origins	146,870	70,430	76,445	382,665	196,910	185,755
Central and West African origins	31,135	15,255	15,885	86,695	44,720	41,975
Akan	460	260	200	630	325	310
Angolan	840	375	470	875	425	450
Ashanti	560	270	285	120	90	35
Beninese	235	120	115	4,125	2,220	1,915
Burkinabe	45	10	30	2,465	1,325	1,145
Cameroonian	1,575	770	800	17,095	8,635	8,465
Chadian	130	65	65	1,045	525	520
Congolese	2,625	1,220	1,410	20,210	9,960	10,250
Edo	490	255	235	110	60	45
Ewe	75	40	35	460	265	200
Gabonese	35	10	30	1,165	545	620
Gambian	435	195	240	150	95	55
Ghanaian	9,960	4,635	5,325	3,235	1,660	1,575
Guinean	475	240	235	5,255	2,765	2,485
Ibo	665	375	290	185	95	95
Ivorian	390	175	215	8,545	4,350	4,200
Liberian	170	70	100	150	60	90
Malian	175	90	85	3,535	1,755	1,775
Malinké	160	65	95	635	340	295
Nigerian	9,745	4,930	4,815	2,820	1,510	1,310
Peulh	60	40	20	2,110	1,080	1,030
Senegalese	370	195	170	8,250	4,420	3,835
Sierra Leonean	590	305	290	110	55	55
Togolese	205	130	80	4,080	2,210	1,870
Wolof	45	20	25	660	390	270
Yoruba	1,110	645	460	460	225	235
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	1,500	745	750	6,955	3,690	3,275
North African origins	19,510	9,970	9,535	225,125	117,725	107,410
Algerian	890	410	480	60,375	31,185	29,190
Berber	455	250	210	33,825	17,840	15,985
Coptic	285	155	135	685	385	305
Dinka	10	10	0	15	10	10
Egyptian	10,490	5,315	5,185	29,400	15,295	14,100
Libyan	715	380	335	1,075	590	485
Maure	145	85	60	530	290	240
Moroccan	4,100	2,095	2,005	85,940	44,520	41,420
Sudanese	2,310	1,145	1,165	370	220	150
Tunisian	550	285	260	21,475	11,775	9,695
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	470	285	190	3,340	1,845	1,490
Southern and East African origins	56,400	26,555	29,850	28,925	14,225	14,705
Afrikaner	190	95	95	115	75	40
Amhara	330	165	160	65	30	35
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	175	100	70	1,905	1,040	870
Burundian	475	265	210	6,015	2,945	3,070
Djiboutian	165	75	85	450	205	245
Eritrean	6,460	3,100	3,355	580	290	290
Ethiopian	13,085	6,255	6,830	1,575	785	785
Harari	395	220	180	20	10	10
Kenyan	2,155	970	1,180	530	270	260
Malagasy	85	35	50	3,735	1,815	1,920
Mauritian	945	460	485	3,695	1,735	1,960
Oromo	645	280	365	20	15	10
Rwandan	795	365	425	5,130	2,445	2,685
Seychellois	80	30	45	775	345	425
Somali	20,960	9,680	11,285	1,785	865	915
South African	5,440	2,705	2,735	900	490	420
Tanzanian	1,145	550	590	325	190	140
Tigrian	360	185	170	95	35	55
Ugandan	1,280	620	660	290	135	160
Zambian	170	85	85	45	20	25
Zimbabwean	1,025	450	575	300	150	145
Zulu	140	70	65	70	35	35
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	3,275	1,380	1,895	1,790	915	875
Other African origins	41,950	19,685	22,265	46,805	22,845	23,965
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	6,530	2,750	3,785	3,800	1,845	1,950
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	35,855	17,135	18,720	43,785	21,415	22,370
Asian origins	1,079,290	515,530	563,760	563,150	275,170	287,980
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	152,055	77,500	74,555	240,795	123,985	116,810
Afghan	20,915	10,765	10,150	10,945	5,550	5,395
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	9,275	4,885	4,390	44,875	23,680	21,195
Armenian	12,265	5,950	6,315	27,380	13,515	13,865
Assyrian	3,125	1,620	1,500	370	205	165
Azerbaijani	1,670	805	865	555	295	255
Georgian	1,600	815	785	635	295	345
Hazara	325	165	165	385	190	200
Iranian	45,540	23,000	22,540	25,530	12,845	12,685
Iraqi	10,475	5,180	5,295	5,520	2,780	2,740
Israeli	6,720	3,480	3,235	6,060	3,235	2,830
Jordanian	1,480	830	650	1,610	840	770
Kazakh	635	290	350	620	295	325
Kurd	2,570	1,415	1,150	2,135	1,180	960
Kuwaiti	155	95	60	95	50	50
Kyrgyz	130	40	90	260	140	120
Lebanese	13,125	6,805	6,325	78,140	40,695	37,450
Palestinian	4,090	2,280	1,815	6,865	3,520	3,345
Pashtun	825	460	360	515	280	235
Saudi Arabian	1,120	590	535	645	390	255
Syrian	6,660	3,205	3,450	27,465	13,845	13,620
Tajik	775	390	390	390	180	210
Tatar	865	380	485	910	430	485
Turk	13,345	6,850	6,500	15,060	7,520	7,545
Turkmen	200	90	110	65	45	25
Uighur	370	175	185	375	185	190
Uzbek	1,020	530	495	465	210	255
Yemeni	1,405	665	745	805	450	355
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	4,210	2,180	2,030	2,465	1,385	1,075
South Asian origins	350,035	175,565	174,470	95,670	48,925	46,745
Bangladeshi	18,150	9,430	8,720	7,075	3,625	3,450
Bengali	9,455	4,875	4,575	4,125	2,035	2,090
Bhutanese	125	70	45	420	205	215
East Indian	202,675	101,705	100,965	51,650	26,505	25,140
Goan	1,280	570	710	210	105	110
Gujarati	1,995	1,075	920	420	205	215
Kashmiri	350	185	165	260	155	105
Nepali	3,080	1,515	1,565	930	460	470
Pakistani	36,135	18,360	17,775	13,535	7,000	6,535
Punjabi	6,205	3,185	3,015	2,970	1,675	1,295
Sinhalese	1,730	850	880	310	135	175
Sri Lankan	58,185	28,135	30,050	14,750	7,300	7,450
Tamil	20,350	10,295	10,055	3,100	1,610	1,495
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	18,475	9,450	9,025	2,135	1,190	945
East and Southeast Asian origins	586,510	266,790	319,725	229,985	103,805	126,180
Burmese	1,200	570	630	530	270	255
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,965	1,300	1,660	15,345	7,360	7,985
Chinese	332,830	155,720	177,110	121,445	54,595	66,850
Filipino	162,600	68,735	93,860	37,910	15,590	22,320
Hmong	10	10	10	35	10	20
Indonesian	2,950	1,370	1,585	1,320	570	755
Japanese	17,260	7,315	9,950	6,495	2,615	3,875
Karen	230	95	130	95	55	40
Korean	43,455	20,510	22,950	8,740	4,155	4,580
Laotian	1,255	580	675	7,625	3,860	3,770
Malaysian	2,875	1,340	1,535	645	300	340
Mongolian	1,090	480	610	960	470	485
Singaporean	555	240	320	105	65	40
Taiwanese	4,495	2,020	2,480	2,205	940	1,265
Thai	1,795	640	1,160	2,695	1,065	1,635
Tibetan	5,435	2,700	2,725	80	45	30
Vietnamese	36,840	17,305	19,530	43,080	20,790	22,290
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	1,375	700	675	275	125	155
Other Asian origins	4,600	2,310	2,295	1,765	905	865
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	4,600	2,305	2,295	1,770	905	860
Oceania origins	5,790	2,905	2,885	3,250	1,730	1,515
Australian	3,705	1,945	1,765	2,055	1,125	935
New Zealander	1,225	635	590	490	245	245
Pacific Islands origins	1,025	425	590	785	410	380
Fijian	465	160	305	70	25	40
Hawaiian	125	55	65	60	40	20
Maori	145	80	65	90	55	35
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	75	15	65	290	145	145
Samoan	65	35	35	15	15	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	220	90	125	295	155	145
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	1,112,930	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Owner	587,095	...	...	2,163,735	...	...
Renter	525,830	...	...	1,362,010	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	5,915	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	1,112,925	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Condominium	292,260	...	...	413,325	...	...
Not condominium	820,665	...	...	3,118,340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	1,112,930	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
No bedrooms	22,355	...	...	23,725	...	...
1 bedroom	310,010	...	...	573,370	...	...
2 bedrooms	315,685	...	...	1,100,310	...	...
3 bedrooms	270,925	...	...	1,157,300	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	193,955	...	...	676,955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	1,112,930	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	559,150	...	...	1,258,215	...	...
5 rooms	150,730	...	...	620,935	...	...
6 rooms	119,130	...	...	432,090	...	...
7 rooms	94,780	...	...	403,255	...	...
8 or more rooms	189,140	...	...	817,165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.0	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	1,112,930	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,054,450	...	...	3,492,135	...	...
More than 1 person per room	58,485	...	...	39,530	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	1,112,930	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
Suitable	978,105	...	...	3,398,910	...	...
Not suitable	134,825	...	...	132,755	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	1,112,930	...	...	3,531,660	...	...
1960 or before	363,125	...	...	894,495	...	...
1961 to 1980	347,615	...	...	1,116,760	...	...
1981 to 1990	109,900	...	...	503,495	...	...
1991 to 2000	85,640	...	...	369,020	...	...
2001 to 2005	58,305	...	...	196,830	...	...
2006 to 2010	67,530	...	...	241,545	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	80,805	...	...	209,515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	1,112,925	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,034,335	...	...	3,304,625	...	...
Major repairs needed	78,595	...	...	227,040	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	1,112,925	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
1 household maintainer	693,405	...	...	2,221,970	...	...
2 household maintainers	374,460	...	...	1,264,195	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45,060	...	...	45,500	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	1,112,930	...	...	3,531,665	...	...
15 to 24 years	38,565	...	...	119,495	...	...
25 to 34 years	193,900	...	...	498,070	...	...
35 to 44 years	200,750	...	...	603,840	...	...
45 to 54 years	225,775	...	...	682,290	...	...
55 to 64 years	198,425	...	...	731,390	...	...
65 to 74 years	134,370	...	...	541,630	...	...
75 to 84 years	84,310	...	...	270,280	...	...
85 years and over	36,840	...	...	84,680	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	1,110,735	...	...	3,496,460	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	704,670	...	...	2,763,105	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	406,070	...	...	733,355	...	...
30% to less than 100%	328,350	...	...	647,975	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	587,080	...	...	2,141,690	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	57.5	...	...	61.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	27.4	...	...	12.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,496	...	...	983	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,682	...	...	1,085	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	601,922	...	...	250,302	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	754,015	...	...	290,484	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	525,825	...	...	1,358,265	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.1	...	...	9.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.8	...	...	33.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,201	...	...	720	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,242	...	...	775	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240
No certificate, diploma or degree	377,340	177,785	199,555	1,323,070	674,955	648,115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	561,095	276,685	284,405	1,426,980	674,820	752,155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,356,360	638,180	718,175	3,884,235	1,910,260	1,973,970
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	94,005	59,525	34,480	1,120,730	681,515	439,215
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	53,060	30,330	22,735	806,585	435,090	371,495
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	40,945	29,195	11,745	314,145	246,425	67,720
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	362,080	156,110	205,970	1,165,515	506,775	658,740
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65,015	27,975	37,040	236,255	93,680	142,575
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	835,255	394,575	440,680	1,361,730	628,290	733,440
Bachelor's degree	534,610	245,845	288,770	872,060	384,275	487,790
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	54,570	24,630	29,940	118,955	54,255	64,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	23,540	12,070	11,470	39,045	19,865	19,185
Master's degree	192,120	93,960	98,160	281,215	139,280	141,935
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	30,415	18,075	12,340	50,455	30,615	19,840
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,554,815	745,235	809,575	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,125
No certificate, diploma or degree	159,790	80,050	79,745	580,635	323,880	256,750
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	317,080	162,485	154,595	808,955	396,620	412,330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,077,930	502,705	575,230	2,982,345	1,447,305	1,535,040
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	63,315	39,670	23,640	866,595	513,575	353,015
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	36,005	20,535	15,470	631,795	330,140	301,655
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	27,310	19,140	8,170	234,800	183,440	51,360
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	279,675	121,840	157,840	832,430	367,185	465,245
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	48,700	21,085	27,615	167,025	67,530	99,495
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	686,250	320,105	366,140	1,116,300	499,010	617,290
Bachelor's degree	433,620	198,975	234,640	712,935	308,760	404,175
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	43,835	19,135	24,700	94,240	40,085	54,160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	18,815	8,885	9,930	30,775	13,505	17,270
Master's degree	166,410	79,845	86,565	238,300	113,895	124,410
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	23,565	13,265	10,300	40,050	22,780	17,270
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	938,430	454,470	483,965	2,750,050	1,349,775	1,400,270
Education	67,335	14,370	52,965	273,320	62,470	210,845
13. Education	67,335	14,365	52,960	273,320	62,470	210,845
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	86,360	39,580	46,785	156,720	71,485	85,240
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10,295	7,565	2,730	25,380	18,280	7,100
50. Visual and performing arts	76,060	32,005	44,055	131,340	53,200	78,140
Humanities	101,440	38,200	63,235	215,735	86,065	129,675
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	12,405	2,990	9,415	32,180	7,165	25,020
23. English language and literature/letters	31,945	10,210	21,735	12,900	4,060	8,835
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	23,770	8,195	15,580	103,120	42,685	60,435
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	665	280	385	880	395	485
38. Philosophy and religious studies	8,015	4,575	3,440	10,400	6,650	3,755
39. Theology and religious vocations	5,470	3,390	2,080	10,125	6,200	3,930
54. History	15,360	7,870	7,490	17,055	9,990	7,065
55. French language and literature/letters	3,805	700	3,100	29,070	8,920	20,155
Social and behavioural sciences and law	215,995	80,300	135,695	380,995	125,025	255,975
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	3,805	805	3,000	4,315	1,165	3,150
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	27,660	10,905	16,755	48,530	16,690	31,845
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	26,595	2,885	23,710	77,470	6,070	71,400
22. Legal professions and studies	38,050	16,605	21,450	67,185	25,785	41,395
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,800	945	2,860	9,905	2,035	7,870
42. Psychology	29,550	7,530	22,020	57,335	14,030	43,305
45. Social sciences	86,530	40,630	45,905	116,255	59,245	57,015
Business, management and public administration	316,580	143,790	172,785	879,190	321,450	557,740
30.16 Accounting and computer science	610	255	350	815	300	520
44. Public administration and social service professions	22,585	5,035	17,545	47,715	10,490	37,225
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	293,385	138,500	154,890	830,660	310,665	519,990
Physical and life sciences and technologies	63,185	30,155	33,030	140,990	76,780	64,215
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	29,170	12,000	17,165	49,705	20,900	28,805
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	13,410	5,865	7,550	23,210	13,865	9,350
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,380	425	955	21,890	10,810	11,080
40. Physical sciences	17,275	11,175	6,100	39,060	27,545	11,515
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,960	695	1,260	7,120	3,660	3,465
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	76,435	49,500	26,940	152,105	104,850	47,255
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	57,245	39,505	17,740	125,480	92,730	32,750
25. Library science	3,695	670	3,025	11,110	2,145	8,965
27. Mathematics and statistics	14,350	8,490	5,855	13,415	8,365	5,045
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,145	830	320	2,100	1,605	495
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	203,235	170,735	32,500	828,400	758,350	70,055
04. Architecture and related services	18,010	11,130	6,880	29,015	17,055	11,960
14. Engineering	93,105	73,100	20,010	150,450	124,585	25,865
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	31,630	28,215	3,415	150,640	135,445	15,195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	85	25	60	60	20	40
46. Construction trades	25,275	24,510	770	185,385	179,995	5,390
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	23,110	22,350	760	184,280	178,510	5,770
48. Precision production	12,020	11,410	605	128,580	122,750	5,830
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	14,385	7,115	7,270	85,485	56,900	28,585
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	7,765	4,080	3,690	51,770	30,870	20,900
03. Natural resources and conservation	6,620	3,035	3,585	33,715	26,025	7,690
Health and related fields	161,620	40,270	121,345	480,230	95,450	384,780
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	12,375	6,245	6,130	27,955	14,675	13,280
51. Health professions and related programs	142,005	30,135	111,875	441,105	74,630	366,470
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	7,240	3,895	3,345	11,160	6,140	5,020
Personal, protective and transportation services	49,585	24,085	25,495	290,005	151,070	138,935
12. Personal and culinary services	33,385	11,715	21,670	164,595	43,720	120,875
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	210	185	30	290	270	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	220	190	25	1,345	1,245	100
43. Security and protective services	9,480	6,475	3,005	54,625	42,415	12,210
49. Transportation and materials moving	6,290	5,525	770	69,160	63,425	5,740
Other	210	80	130	1,055	375	680
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	205	80	125	1,055	375	675
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,554,815	745,240	809,575	4,371,935	2,167,805	2,204,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	476,875	242,535	234,345	1,389,585	720,500	669,085
Education	48,015	10,310	37,705	180,615	37,990	142,625
13. Education	48,015	10,310	37,705	180,615	37,990	142,625
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70,625	32,800	37,825	122,045	55,575	66,475
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	8,245	6,090	2,145	19,510	13,740	5,770
50. Visual and performing arts	62,385	26,710	35,675	102,535	41,830	60,705
Humanities	77,355	28,940	48,420	138,330	54,580	83,750
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	9,450	2,160	7,290	25,220	5,455	19,765
23. English language and literature/letters	24,570	7,840	16,730	9,585	2,990	6,595
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	18,350	6,360	11,985	57,730	25,305	32,430
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	545	235	305	600	255	350
38. Philosophy and religious studies	6,215	3,605	2,615	6,980	4,415	2,570
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,875	2,365	1,515	5,415	3,380	2,035
54. History	11,710	5,965	5,745	12,235	7,140	5,095
55. French language and literature/letters	2,640	405	2,240	20,555	5,640	14,915
Social and behavioural sciences and law	176,260	64,440	111,820	301,550	95,120	206,430
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	3,110	680	2,430	3,550	925	2,620
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	23,490	9,345	14,145	40,275	13,900	26,370
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20,460	2,085	18,380	63,120	4,295	58,825
22. Legal professions and studies	32,405	13,120	19,290	53,620	18,830	34,790
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,145	800	2,340	6,840	1,420	5,420
42. Psychology	23,050	5,665	17,385	44,540	10,255	34,285
45. Social sciences	70,600	32,750	37,855	89,610	45,495	44,110
Business, management and public administration	259,245	116,615	142,620	706,400	248,920	457,480
30.16 Accounting and computer science	525	200	320	615	215	400
44. Public administration and social service professions	18,360	4,125	14,230	38,320	7,835	30,485
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	240,360	112,290	128,070	667,470	240,870	426,600
Physical and life sciences and technologies	48,015	22,475	25,540	92,480	49,390	43,090
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	22,455	9,170	13,290	40,895	16,635	24,260
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10,355	4,470	5,885	12,450	7,435	5,015
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,100	360	745	4,175	2,385	1,785
40. Physical sciences	12,630	7,955	4,680	29,705	20,255	9,445
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,470	525	945	5,255	2,675	2,580
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	66,515	43,640	22,875	132,750	91,865	40,885
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	51,575	35,780	15,795	112,715	83,240	29,470
25. Library science	2,500	495	2,010	8,720	1,665	7,055
27. Mathematics and statistics	11,420	6,640	4,785	9,725	5,815	3,915
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,020	730	290	1,585	1,150	440
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	154,975	127,815	27,160	639,185	577,845	61,335
04. Architecture and related services	14,855	8,915	5,940	24,260	13,870	10,385
14. Engineering	75,175	58,025	17,150	126,835	103,165	23,665
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	23,075	20,575	2,500	116,595	103,710	12,885
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	80	20	60	50	15	30
46. Construction trades	17,955	17,410	545	134,865	130,350	4,510
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	16,100	15,580	520	139,935	135,155	4,780
48. Precision production	7,735	7,295	440	96,655	91,580	5,075
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	11,710	5,590	6,125	69,865	45,215	24,655
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,170	3,075	3,095	41,755	23,965	17,795
03. Natural resources and conservation	5,540	2,515	3,025	28,110	21,250	6,860
Health and related fields	127,480	31,675	95,800	368,600	72,245	296,355
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	9,425	4,840	4,585	22,660	11,635	11,030
51. Health professions and related programs	112,440	24,045	88,390	337,320	56,510	280,810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,615	2,790	2,825	8,620	4,110	4,510
Personal, protective and transportation services	37,550	18,320	19,230	229,640	118,260	111,375
12. Personal and culinary services	24,950	8,690	16,260	129,245	32,830	96,410
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	155	130	25	225	200	25
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	110	95	15	875	795	80
43. Security and protective services	7,280	4,910	2,370	42,550	32,575	9,975
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,055	4,495	560	56,750	51,860	4,890
Other	180	70	110	890	300	595
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	175	65	110	890	300	595
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	2,294,785	1,092,655	1,202,135	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	938,430	454,470	483,960	2,750,045	1,349,775	1,400,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,356,360	638,185	718,175	3,884,235	1,910,265	1,973,970
Location of study inside Canada	929,295	434,090	495,205	3,509,610	1,716,730	1,792,880
Same as province or territory of residence	844,385	392,995	451,390	3,367,195	1,642,930	1,724,270
Different than province or territory of residence	84,910	41,090	43,815	142,415	73,800	68,610
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	427,060	204,095	222,970	374,620	193,530	181,090
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	45,385	24,765	20,615	28,320	16,915	11,410
Philippines	58,775	19,975	38,805	12,515	3,600	8,920
India	42,320	22,135	20,190	6,805	3,660	3,150
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	28,740	15,210	13,530	11,250	6,535	4,715
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	35,475	16,700	18,780	17,155	7,755	9,395
France	4,870	2,630	2,245	69,665	39,885	29,780
Other	211,490	102,680	108,805	228,905	115,185	113,725
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,554,810	745,235	809,575	4,371,935	2,167,810	2,204,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	476,880	242,535	234,340	1,389,590	720,505	669,085
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,077,935	502,700	575,230	2,982,350	1,447,305	1,535,045
Location of study inside Canada	739,735	344,335	395,390	2,676,230	1,293,455	1,382,780
Same as province or territory of residence	671,340	310,865	360,475	2,567,605	1,238,320	1,329,280
Different than province or territory of residence	68,395	33,470	34,920	108,630	55,125	53,500
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	338,205	158,365	179,840	306,115	153,850	152,265
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	35,025	18,675	16,345	19,655	11,145	8,505
Philippines	50,685	17,040	33,645	10,545	2,935	7,610
India	36,085	18,480	17,605	4,865	2,465	2,400
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	18,570	9,775	8,800	7,390	4,245	3,145
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	29,550	13,710	15,845	15,420	6,865	8,550
France	4,045	2,180	1,870	57,315	32,115	25,205
Other	164,240	78,505	85,730	190,930	94,085	96,850
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	2,294,785	1,092,655	1,202,135	6,634,280	3,260,040	3,374,245
In the labour force	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Employed	1,361,375	697,365	664,010	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220
Unemployed	122,305	60,780	61,520	306,170	177,630	128,540
Not in the labour force	811,110	334,505	476,605	2,378,780	1,045,300	1,333,480
Participation rate	64.7	69.4	60.4	64.1	67.9	60.5
Employment rate	59.3	63.8	55.2	59.5	62.5	56.7
Unemployment rate	8.2	8.0	8.5	7.2	8.0	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	2,294,785	1,092,650	1,202,135	6,634,280	3,260,035	3,374,240
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	791,790	328,280	463,515	2,228,315	967,660	1,260,655
Worked	1,502,995	764,375	738,620	4,405,965	2,292,375	2,113,585
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	750,555	409,195	341,360	2,084,020	1,145,805	938,215
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	752,440	355,180	397,255	2,321,945	1,146,575	1,175,375
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.9	41.7	42.5	42.7	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	46,135	21,730	24,405	101,485	51,640	49,850
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	1,437,540	736,420	701,125	4,154,015	2,163,095	1,990,915
Employee	1,254,610	621,175	633,435	3,664,920	1,863,740	1,801,185
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	182,930	115,245	67,690	489,090	299,355	189,730
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	4,255,500	2,214,735	2,040,765
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	46,135	21,735	24,405	101,490	51,640	49,850
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	1,437,545	736,420	701,125	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915
0 Management occupations	163,965	95,505	68,465	418,450	263,585	154,875
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	258,875	98,770	160,105	677,390	210,525	466,865
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	117,635	88,840	28,795	286,270	222,375	63,895
3 Health occupations	84,365	22,000	62,360	295,765	57,160	238,610
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	186,795	60,365	126,430	502,945	147,145	355,795
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80,195	40,685	39,510	135,730	64,370	71,365
6 Sales and service occupations	345,145	163,920	181,220	988,610	449,820	538,790
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	131,115	122,835	8,280	574,675	544,100	30,570
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	7,555	6,240	1,315	67,290	55,610	11,685
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	61,900	37,255	24,650	206,875	148,405	58,475
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	4,255,495	2,214,735	2,040,765
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	46,135	21,730	24,405	101,490	51,635	49,850
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	1,437,545	736,415	701,125	4,154,010	2,163,095	1,990,915
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,095	1,310	785	84,060	60,460	23,595
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,040	1,345	695	20,920	18,175	2,745
22 Utilities	5,915	3,855	2,055	28,410	20,650	7,755
23 Construction	76,480	68,335	8,140	254,055	223,770	30,285
31-33 Manufacturing	105,285	68,745	36,545	458,315	332,080	126,240
41 Wholesale trade	50,120	31,395	18,730	157,365	104,885	52,475
44-45 Retail trade	141,535	66,890	74,650	508,170	239,625	268,545
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	57,910	43,835	14,075	187,550	142,550	45,000
51 Information and cultural industries	61,345	35,255	26,090	100,775	59,705	41,070
52 Finance and insurance	120,005	60,085	59,920	165,140	66,175	98,965
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	39,935	22,055	17,880	61,380	36,505	24,875
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	175,685	98,535	77,155	288,715	161,030	127,685
55 Management of companies and enterprises	4,085	1,755	2,325	3,305	1,270	2,035
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	78,890	42,910	35,980	176,185	108,280	67,905
61 Educational services	110,280	38,130	72,145	306,575	96,170	210,405
62 Health care and social assistance	143,250	32,215	111,035	532,680	99,380	433,295
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	34,995	18,390	16,605	84,130	44,235	39,895
72 Accommodation and food services	106,905	51,155	55,750	278,500	123,235	155,265
81 Other services (except public administration)	67,385	25,510	41,880	193,700	89,455	104,245
91 Public administration	53,390	24,715	28,680	264,085	135,455	128,630
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	1,361,375	697,365	664,010	3,949,325	2,037,105	1,912,220
Worked at home	101,275	52,165	49,110	266,285	134,325	131,960
Worked outside Canada	9,045	5,800	3,245	10,600	7,580	3,020
No fixed workplace address	156,250	108,045	48,205	351,595	265,405	86,185
Worked at usual place	1,094,805	531,360	563,445	3,320,850	1,629,795	1,691,050
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,094,805	531,360	563,445	3,320,845	1,629,795	1,691,050
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	884,040	405,530	478,505	1,732,155	810,895	921,260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	485,450	234,700	250,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	208,165	124,310	83,855	1,037,125	549,095	488,030
Commute to a different province or territory	2,605	1,520	1,085	66,125	35,110	31,015
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	1,251,055	639,405	611,650	3,672,445	1,895,200	1,777,240
Car, truck, van - as a driver	575,255	348,270	226,985	2,739,405	1,475,775	1,263,625
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	57,165	21,245	35,925	133,760	51,045	82,715
Public transit	463,000	192,300	270,705	503,285	217,465	285,820
Walked	107,660	49,540	58,125	205,350	93,595	111,760
Bicycle	34,355	21,245	13,110	54,625	36,470	18,155
Other method	13,605	6,805	6,805	36,010	20,845	15,170
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	1,251,055	639,400	611,655	3,672,440	1,895,200	1,777,240
Less than 15 minutes	152,755	74,720	78,030	1,035,455	493,225	542,235
15 to 29 minutes	354,565	183,060	171,510	1,200,455	617,010	583,445
30 to 44 minutes	359,230	189,620	169,610	777,955	425,640	352,310
45 to 59 minutes	181,670	90,685	90,990	343,540	184,440	159,100
60 minutes and over	202,830	101,320	101,510	315,035	174,875	140,160
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	1,251,055	639,405	611,655	3,672,440	1,895,205	1,777,240
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	56,235	38,495	17,740	256,150	192,835	63,315
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	162,435	96,815	65,620	675,585	420,120	255,465
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	305,355	146,795	158,560	1,133,510	527,925	605,580
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	335,840	156,755	179,085	714,935	296,300	418,630
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	200,780	97,305	103,480	349,845	148,715	201,125
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	190,410	103,240	87,170	542,425	309,295	233,125
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,559,540	792,290	767,240	4,529,770	2,352,115	2,177,655
Single responses	1,522,985	774,885	748,100	4,187,865	2,169,480	2,018,385
Official languages	1,476,165	749,750	726,425	4,153,710	2,152,290	2,001,420
English	1,469,915	747,820	722,090	541,720	294,935	246,780
French	6,255	1,925	4,335	3,611,990	1,857,350	1,754,640
Non-official languages	46,815	25,135	21,675	34,160	17,190	16,970
Aboriginal languages	10	10	10	12,670	6,180	6,490
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	8,350	4,095	4,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	8,285	4,060	4,220
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,100	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	1,800	840	960
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	210	105	100
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	35	20	15
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,145	2,515	2,630
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	20	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	30
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	4,305	2,080	2,220
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	4,290	2,075	2,215
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	0	15
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	46,810	25,135	21,675	21,490	11,005	10,480
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,025	620	405	1,895	1,125	775
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cushitic languages	95	40	50	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	930	580	350	1,860	1,110	745
Amharic	55	20	30	0	0	0
Arabic	565	380	180	1,715	1,045	665
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	85	70	10	10	0	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	160	60	100	140	70	70
Maltese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	40	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,055	465	595	1,725	850	870
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	25	10	315	140	175
Vietnamese	1,020	440	585	1,410	710	695
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	635	235	400	135	65	70
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	580	215	365	115	50	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	0	275	90	190
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	265	90	175
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,090	550	535	150	75	75
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	1,060	540	520	145	75	70
Telugu	10	0	0	0	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-European languages	13,010	7,330	5,675	10,165	5,255	4,910
Albanian	150	75	70	30	20	10
Armenian	110	55	60	275	130	145
Balto-Slavic languages	2,385	1,185	1,205	1,130	500	635
Baltic languages	25	0	25	15	0	10
Latvian	10	0	10	15	10	10
Lithuanian	20	0	20	0	10	0
Slavic languages	2,360	1,180	1,180	1,115	495	625
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Bulgarian	80	45	35	55	20	30
Croatian	45	25	15	10	0	10
Czech	10	0	10	10	0	10
Macedonian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Polish	500	270	230	170	65	105
Russian	1,110	520	590	735	340	395
Serbian	100	70	35	10	15	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	10	10	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	400	170	230	110	35	75
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	245	100	145	1,285	575	715
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	10	15	10	0
Dutch	30	30	0	25	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	155	45	110	370	170	195
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	15	0	10	860	375	485
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	275	150	125	525	260	270
Indo-Iranian languages	2,775	1,640	1,135	1,385	780	600
Indo-Aryan languages	1,375	730	650	680	390	295
Bengali	255	125	130	110	70	35
Gujarati	185	60	125	20	0	10
Hindi	180	110	70	35	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	30	10	15	20	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	410	235	175	415	225	190
Sindhi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	300	185	120	85	50	35
Iranian languages	1,400	915	485	700	395	305
Kurdish	55	55	10	15	0	15
Pashto	10	0	10	10	0	15
Persian (Farsi)	1,335	860	475	675	385	285
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	7,070	4,125	2,940	5,525	2,990	2,540
Catalan	10	0	0	15	0	15
Italian	435	235	205	590	315	275
Portuguese	4,040	2,615	1,420	635	365	270
Romanian	90	40	50	320	140	175
Spanish	2,490	1,235	1,250	3,975	2,165	1,810
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	0	0
Japanese	605	190	415	235	80	150
Kartvelian languages	10	10	0	10	0	10
Georgian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Korean	2,700	1,395	1,310	300	150	150
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	35	25	45	25	20
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	25	10	15	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	25	20	0
Wolof	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	165	80	90	205	60	140
American Sign Language	110	35	75	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	125	20	110
Sign languages, n.i.e	60	40	15	70	45	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	25,775	13,850	11,930	6,070	3,125	2,945
Chinese languages	25,735	13,825	11,905	6,075	3,130	2,950
Cantonese	11,880	6,245	5,635	2,655	1,325	1,330
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	13,215	7,270	5,935	3,100	1,630	1,465
Min Dong	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	100	55	45	70	40	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	520	235	280	235	130	110
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	35	25	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	65	30	35	110	40	75
Lao	10	0	10	55	25	30
Thai	60	30	30	55	10	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	350	230	115	110	60	50
Azerbaijani	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	330	225	110	110	55	55
Uyghur	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	255	110	145	40	10	40
Estonian	45	10	30	10	0	0
Finnish	35	0	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	180	95	85	35	0	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple responses	36,555	17,410	19,145	341,900	182,635	159,265
English and French	8,130	3,340	4,785	315,620	169,365	146,255
English and non-official language	27,800	13,775	14,025	6,545	3,655	2,890
French and non-official language	40	10	25	7,525	3,460	4,065
English, French and non-official language	585	285	305	12,205	6,160	6,055
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,559,535	792,290	767,240	4,529,770	2,352,110	2,177,655
None	1,428,870	727,745	701,130	3,107,035	1,588,345	1,518,690
English	22,475	10,985	11,500	1,031,380	555,940	475,440
French	27,840	12,340	15,500	317,490	169,785	147,705
Non-official language	77,850	40,035	37,820	49,850	25,900	23,950
Aboriginal	110	25	85	4,985	2,285	2,705
Non-Aboriginal	77,740	40,005	37,735	44,865	23,620	21,245
English and French	55	35	25	2,185	1,040	1,140
English and non-official language	445	225	220	14,910	7,255	7,655
French and non-official language	1,975	925	1,055	6,855	3,795	3,055
English, French and non-official language	20	15	10	65	50	20
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	2,663,550	1,281,735	1,381,820	7,880,315	3,897,740	3,982,575
Non-movers	2,284,060	1,094,980	1,189,075	6,965,520	3,447,320	3,518,195
Movers	379,495	186,750	192,740	914,800	450,420	464,380
Non-migrants	253,780	124,200	129,575	547,410	269,850	277,560
Migrants	125,715	62,550	63,160	367,385	180,565	186,820
Internal migrants	65,770	32,415	33,360	305,465	149,335	156,135
Intraprovincial migrants	49,995	24,580	25,415	284,280	137,945	146,330
Interprovincial migrants	15,780	7,835	7,945	21,190	11,385	9,805
External migrants	59,945	30,140	29,805	61,920	31,235	30,685
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	2,556,120	1,226,450	1,329,665	7,520,960	3,714,155	3,806,805
Non-movers	1,516,110	718,935	797,170	4,825,870	2,388,805	2,437,065
Movers	1,040,015	507,510	532,495	2,695,090	1,325,345	1,369,740
Non-migrants	639,060	310,250	328,810	1,507,665	741,220	766,440
Migrants	400,950	197,265	203,685	1,187,425	584,125	603,295
Internal migrants	184,120	89,710	94,410	949,170	464,830	484,340
Intraprovincial migrants	141,135	68,975	72,160	893,800	436,525	457,270
Interprovincial migrants	42,990	20,735	22,250	55,370	28,300	27,070
External migrants	216,835	107,555	109,275	238,250	119,295	118,960