Census Profile, 2016 Census
Edmundston [Population centre], New Brunswick and Abitibi--Témiscamingue [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Edmundston New Brunswick [Population centre]			Abitibi--Témiscamingue Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Edmundston [Population centre], New Brunswick Map : Edmundston [Population centre], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Abitibi--Témiscamingue [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	12,086	...	...	103,491	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	12,005 ^r	...	...	102,794	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.7	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	6,060	...	...	50,987	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	5,651	...	...	45,535	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	675.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	17.88	...	...	33,444.46	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	12,080	5,675	6,405	103,490	52,035	51,455
0 to 14 years	1,470	750	720	17,530	8,930	8,595
0 to 4 years	430	220	210	5,825	2,980	2,845
5 to 9 years	525	270	255	6,190	3,125	3,065
10 to 14 years	510	250	255	5,520	2,835	2,685
15 to 64 years	7,230	3,500	3,730	67,105	34,260	32,845
15 to 19 years	495	245	245	5,705	2,935	2,770
20 to 24 years	520	275	250	5,895	3,065	2,830
25 to 29 years	485	250	240	5,860	3,050	2,805
30 to 34 years	605	290	315	6,075	3,110	2,960
35 to 39 years	610	295	315	6,205	3,120	3,085
40 to 44 years	675	365	315	5,820	2,990	2,830
45 to 49 years	660	320	340	6,160	3,070	3,090
50 to 54 years	915	425	490	8,245	4,155	4,085
55 to 59 years	1,130	510	620	9,170	4,650	4,520
60 to 64 years	1,130	525	600	7,975	4,105	3,870
65 years and over	3,385	1,425	1,955	18,860	8,840	10,015
65 to 69 years	1,100	520	580	6,400	3,255	3,150
70 to 74 years	790	375	415	4,735	2,355	2,380
75 to 79 years	555	215	350	3,240	1,505	1,730
80 to 84 years	445	165	285	2,295	995	1,300
85 years and over	485	150	335	2,185	725	1,455
85 to 89 years	310	100	210	1,480	525	955
90 to 94 years	145	50	100	600	180	420
95 to 99 years	25	5	20	95	25	70
100 years and over	0	0	5	15	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.2	13.2	11.2	16.9	17.2	16.7
15 to 64 years	59.9	61.7	58.2	64.8	65.8	63.8
65 years and over	28.0	25.1	30.5	18.2	17.0	19.5
85 years and over	4.0	2.6	5.2	2.1	1.4	2.8
Average age of the population	48.6	46.7	50.3	42.1	41.4	42.8
Median age of the population	53.1	50.6	54.8	43.9	43.0	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	5,650	...	...	45,535	...	...
Single-detached house	3,200	...	...	29,280	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	75	...	...	65	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,245	...	...	15,740	...	...
Semi-detached house	250	...	...	1,920	...	...
Row house	170	...	...	780	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	515	...	...	3,410	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,275	...	...	9,380	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	250	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	130	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	5,650	...	...	45,535	...	...
1 person	2,160	...	...	14,930	...	...
2 persons	2,195	...	...	17,265	...	...
3 persons	660	...	...	5,660	...	...
4 persons	475	...	...	5,045	...	...
5 or more persons	165	...	...	2,630	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,325	...	...	100,860	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	10,615	4,930	5,690	85,960	43,105	42,860
Married or living common law	5,910	2,960	2,955	51,850	25,885	25,965
Married	4,175	2,085	2,090	26,985	13,465	13,520
Living common law	1,740	875	865	24,860	12,420	12,440
Not married and not living common law	4,700	1,970	2,730	34,115	17,215	16,900
Never married	2,480	1,300	1,180	22,505	12,975	9,535
Separated	430	180	250	1,285	635	650
Divorced	700	305	400	5,005	2,395	2,610
Widowed	1,090	185	900	5,320	1,220	4,105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,385	...	...	29,655	...	...
2 persons	2,185	...	...	17,060	...	...
3 persons	635	...	...	5,410	...	...
4 persons	435	...	...	4,870	...	...
5 or more persons	130	...	...	2,320	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,380	...	...	29,655	...	...
Total couple families	2,855	...	...	25,470	...	...
Married couples	1,985	...	...	13,040	...	...
Common-law couples	865	...	...	12,425	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	530	...	...	4,190	...	...
Female parent	420	...	...	2,795	...	...
Male parent	110	...	...	1,390	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,855	...	...	25,470	...	...
Couples without children	1,830	...	...	14,540	...	...
Couples with children	1,025	...	...	10,930	...	...
1 child	505	...	...	4,190	...	...
2 children	405	...	...	4,530	...	...
3 or more children	120	...	...	2,210	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	530	...	...	4,190	...	...
1 child	360	...	...	2,520	...	...
2 children	130	...	...	1,225	...	...
3 or more children	40	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,635	1,145	1,495	18,635	9,820	8,820
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	5,655	...	...	45,535	...	...
One-census-family households	3,310	...	...	29,200	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,800	...	...	14,340	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,505	...	...	14,855	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	35	...	...	230	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,305	...	...	16,110	...	...
One-person households	2,160	...	...	14,935	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	145	...	...	1,175	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	11,795	5,575	6,225	102,635	51,675	50,965
English only	265	125	130	1,540	740	800
French only	4,175	1,815	2,360	72,605	34,650	37,955
English and French	7,335	3,615	3,715	28,455	16,265	12,195
Neither English nor French	30	15	15	35	15	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	11,800	5,575	6,225	102,640	51,670	50,965
English	740	370	370	3,630	1,750	1,880
French	10,960	5,150	5,805	98,675	49,750	48,925
English and French	75	40	35	300	155	145
Neither English nor French	30	20	15	30	15	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	10,995	5,170	5,825	3,780	1,830	1,955
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	93.2	92.7	93.6	3.7	3.5	3.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	11,795	5,570	6,220	102,635	51,670	50,970
Single responses	11,640	5,495	6,140	101,875	51,280	50,595
Official languages	11,415	5,385	6,030	100,740	50,705	50,035
English	640	325	315	3,350	1,610	1,740
French	10,775	5,060	5,715	97,390	49,095	48,295
Non-official languages	225	115	110	1,135	575	560
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	300	135	165
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	290	135	160
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	115	50	65
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	100	45	55
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	5	5	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	170	80	85
Algonquin	0	0	0	165	80	90
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	225	110	110	840	440	400
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	25	255	150	110
Berber languages	5	5	5	30	20	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	15	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	30	20	220	125	95
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	30	20	225	125	95
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	20	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	10	5	10	20	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	20	5	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	5	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-European languages	85	40	45	370	190	185
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	75	45	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	5	70	40	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Russian	5	0	0	25	15	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	5	0	5	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	70	25	40
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	55	20	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	25	30	210	105	110
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	35	20	5
Portuguese	5	0	5	30	15	10
Romanian	45	20	30	20	10	15
Spanish	5	5	5	130	55	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	90	50	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	5	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	15	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	40	20	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	5	10	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	30	15	20
Chinese languages	15	10	5	35	15	15
Cantonese	10	10	10	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	20	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	10	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	15	5	5
Thai	5	0	5	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	160	75	80	760	390	375
English and French	145	70	75	575	295	280
English and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	15
French and non-official language	10	5	5	130	70	60
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	11,795	5,575	6,225	102,640	51,675	50,965
Single responses	11,555	5,465	6,095	101,740	51,240	50,505
Official languages	11,440	5,405	6,030	101,400	51,055	50,345
English	580	290	290	3,200	1,610	1,595
French	10,860	5,120	5,740	98,200	49,450	48,755
Non-official languages	115	60	60	340	180	155
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	75	40	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	75	35	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	35	20	15
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	115	60	55	265	145	115
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	75	45	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	70	40	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	70	40	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	25	25	120	65	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	5	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20	95	50	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	15	10	5
Romanian	25	15	15	15	5	5
Spanish	5	0	0	65	30	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	5	20	10	5
Chinese languages	20	10	5	20	10	10
Cantonese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	245	110	130	900	435	460
English and French	185	85	100	565	275	290
English and non-official language	15	10	10	35	15	25
French and non-official language	25	10	15	260	125	135
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	35	15	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	11,795	5,570	6,225	102,635	51,675	50,970
None	9,725	4,555	5,170	96,880	48,625	48,250
English	1,705	830	880	4,115	2,210	1,905
French	295	150	150	905	470	435
Non-official language	60	35	25	600	295	305
Aboriginal	0	0	0	195	80	110
Non-Aboriginal	55	35	25	405	210	200
English and French	5	0	0	25	15	15
English and non-official language	10	5	0	95	50	45
French and non-official language	5	0	0	20	5	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,860	4,660	5,195	83,365	42,145	41,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,575	4,545	5,030	81,210	41,325	39,880
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,803	35,578	23,908	33,639	42,250	26,197
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,580	4,550	5,030	81,230	41,330	39,905
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,443	31,808	22,589	30,048	36,411	24,267
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,130	4,040	4,085	71,505	37,500	34,010
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,069	31,883	21,262	30,130	39,445	23,055
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,460	3,250	4,205	61,040	28,895	32,145
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,569	9,115	8,284	8,585	8,513	8,630
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,390	3,325	3,060	59,195	31,935	27,260
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,441	30,830	23,221	32,580	42,366	24,674
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	9,835	4,620	5,215	83,365	42,155	41,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,545	4,530	5,020	81,195	41,340	39,855
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,517	42,976	30,693	42,596	52,060	32,779
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,550	4,525	5,020	81,205	41,340	39,865
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,316	36,318	26,805	34,629	40,763	28,267
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,155	4,065	4,090	71,445	37,485	33,965
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,398	40,296	28,542	40,161	49,988	29,316
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,455	3,235	4,215	60,875	28,755	32,115
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,153	9,544	8,852	9,679	9,686	9,673
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,350	3,345	3,005	59,195	32,100	27,100
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,015	37,590	30,029	41,273	50,426	30,429
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	9,835	4,620	5,215	83,365	42,155	41,210
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,815	1,525	1,295	24,570	13,970	10,600
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,657	47,646	37,455	49,018	58,021	39,657
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,943	54,218	42,724	56,763	66,089	44,471
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.1	84.1	75.0	83.0	86.8	76.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.3	64.8	59.2	70.5	74.6	63.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.9	16.0	25.0	17.0	13.2	23.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	9,855	4,660	5,195	83,360	42,150	41,210
Without total income	280	110	170	2,150	825	1,330
With total income	9,580	4,550	5,030	81,210	41,325	39,880
Percentage with total income	97.2	97.6	96.8	97.4	98.0	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,240	500	740	9,515	3,620	5,900
$10,000 to $19,999	1,970	685	1,285	14,925	5,610	9,315
$20,000 to $29,999	1,770	680	1,090	12,385	5,430	6,960
$30,000 to $39,999	1,430	740	690	10,290	4,825	5,465
$40,000 to $49,999	1,045	615	430	9,445	4,905	4,540
$50,000 to $59,999	620	385	235	6,805	4,020	2,785
$60,000 to $69,999	455	280	175	4,840	3,175	1,665
$70,000 to $79,999	375	175	200	3,550	2,300	1,250
$80,000 to $89,999	205	120	80	2,565	1,735	830
$90,000 to $99,999	105	80	25	1,795	1,420	380
$100,000 and over	360	285	75	5,090	4,290	800
$100,000 to $149,999	260	210	50	3,860	3,290	570
$150,000 and over	95	75	25	1,225	1,000	225
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,855	4,660	5,195	83,360	42,150	41,215
Without after-tax income	275	110	165	2,130	820	1,310
With after-tax income	9,580	4,550	5,030	81,230	41,325	39,905
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.6	96.8	97.4	98.0	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,285	500	780	9,800	3,715	6,090
$10,000 to $19,999	2,075	730	1,350	15,725	5,940	9,790
$20,000 to $29,999	2,100	870	1,225	15,015	6,715	8,295
$30,000 to $39,999	1,670	930	740	13,500	6,795	6,705
$40,000 to $49,999	925	560	365	10,180	6,020	4,165
$50,000 to $59,999	620	375	250	6,225	4,010	2,220
$60,000 to $69,999	410	205	205	4,270	2,840	1,430
$70,000 to $79,999	165	130	40	2,605	2,050	550
$80,000 and over	330	255	75	3,905	3,245	660
$80,000 to $89,999	120	95	25	1,450	1,230	215
$90,000 to $99,999	65	50	20	840	710	135
$100,000 and over	145	115	30	1,605	1,300	305
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	9,855	4,660	5,195	83,360	42,145	41,215
Without employment income	3,465	1,330	2,135	24,165	10,215	13,950
With employment income	6,390	3,330	3,060	59,190	31,935	27,260
Percentage with employment income	64.8	71.5	58.9	71.0	75.8	66.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,045	575	460	7,850	3,880	3,970
$5,000 to $9,999	575	235	340	4,655	1,910	2,745
$10,000 to $19,999	975	430	545	8,200	3,300	4,895
$20,000 to $29,999	930	385	550	7,100	3,030	4,075
$30,000 to $39,999	720	395	330	6,855	3,085	3,770
$40,000 to $49,999	620	355	265	5,950	3,225	2,725
$50,000 to $59,999	405	245	155	4,595	2,945	1,655
$60,000 to $69,999	310	185	120	3,455	2,380	1,080
$70,000 to $79,999	325	150	170	2,885	1,855	1,035
$80,000 and over	490	370	120	7,635	6,320	1,315
$80,000 to $89,999	155	105	50	1,920	1,430	495
$90,000 to $99,999	100	75	20	1,530	1,260	275
$100,000 and over	235	185	50	4,185	3,640	550
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	5,650	...	...	45,535	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	47,536	...	...	60,795	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	43,136	...	...	52,725	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,160	...	...	14,935	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,288	...	...	29,339	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,408	...	...	26,845	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,495	...	...	30,605	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,315	...	...	81,285	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,629	...	...	69,190	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	5,600	...	...	45,535	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,292	...	...	75,954	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,420	...	...	61,754	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,100	...	...	14,925	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,016	...	...	38,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,987	...	...	32,231	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,495	...	...	30,605	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,511	...	...	94,142	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,725	...	...	76,151	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	5,655	...	...	45,535	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	410	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	265	...	...	645	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	180	...	...	1,600	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	425	...	...	2,520	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	390	...	...	2,440	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	340	...	...	2,010	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	395	...	...	2,535	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	370	...	...	2,355	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	265	...	...	2,225	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	250	...	...	2,045	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	465	...	...	3,700	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	415	...	...	3,230	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	365	...	...	2,960	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	275	...	...	2,675	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	215	...	...	2,360	...	...
$100,000 and over	970	...	...	11,835	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	395	...	...	4,510	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	245	...	...	3,070	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	220	...	...	2,855	...	...
$200,000 and over	110	...	...	1,395	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	5,650	...	...	45,535	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	435	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	260	...	...	645	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	180	...	...	1,615	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	455	...	...	2,650	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	445	...	...	2,755	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	405	...	...	2,405	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	450	...	...	3,045	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	365	...	...	2,935	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	300	...	...	2,610	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	295	...	...	2,430	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	545	...	...	4,335	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	460	...	...	3,855	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	330	...	...	3,445	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	250	...	...	2,795	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	210	...	...	2,385	...	...
$100,000 and over	625	...	...	7,185	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	340	...	...	3,800	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	145	...	...	1,825	...	...
$150,000 and over	140	...	...	1,565	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,400	...	...	29,740	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,370	...	...	81,655	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	60,597	...	...	69,358	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,780	...	...	14,135	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,928	...	...	69,429	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,171	...	...	59,702	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,040	...	...	10,995	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,496	...	...	114,811	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,530	...	...	94,499	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.7	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	500	...	...	4,050	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,595	...	...	51,368	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	37,760	...	...	46,637	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,415	...	...	29,725	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,286	...	...	94,538	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,390	...	...	76,346	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,735	...	...	14,095	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,394	...	...	80,712	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,700	...	...	66,644	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,085	...	...	10,955	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,986	...	...	126,794	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,885	...	...	98,954	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	505	...	...	4,085	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,541	...	...	58,041	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,132	...	...	50,407	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,440	1,060	1,375	17,275	9,155	8,120
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,880	27,520	22,427	28,088	33,236	23,810
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,944	25,216	21,984	25,915	29,528	22,986
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,380	995	1,385	17,270	9,230	8,040
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,301	34,668	28,884	37,532	43,314	30,894
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,506	29,603	26,000	31,406	35,141	27,118
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	11,325	5,410	5,915	100,860	51,065	49,795
In the bottom half of the distribution	7,230	3,335	3,895	55,325	27,160	28,165
In the bottom decile	1,475	665	815	7,990	3,860	4,125
In the second decile	1,605	645	960	11,545	5,265	6,275
In the third decile	1,480	695	785	11,855	5,885	5,970
In the fourth decile	1,415	700	715	12,050	6,040	6,005
In the fifth decile	1,255	630	625	11,890	6,105	5,790
In the top half of the distribution	4,090	2,075	2,020	45,535	23,910	21,630
In the sixth decile	1,100	550	550	11,820	6,160	5,655
In the seventh decile	945	485	460	11,250	5,875	5,380
In the eighth decile	920	460	465	9,910	5,175	4,735
In the ninth decile	690	350	340	7,670	4,095	3,570
In the top decile	440	235	210	4,890	2,600	2,290
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	11,300	5,395	5,905	99,420	50,375	49,045
0 to 17 years	1,755	885	870	20,370	10,395	9,975
0 to 5 years	520	270	250	6,925	3,545	3,375
18 to 64 years	6,785	3,275	3,510	62,500	31,885	30,610
65 years and over	2,760	1,240	1,520	16,555	8,095	8,460
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,335	1,000	1,335	13,380	6,155	7,220
0 to 17 years	440	230	210	2,245	1,140	1,105
0 to 5 years	160	90	70	745	360	380
18 to 64 years	1,285	565	720	7,295	3,480	3,815
65 years and over	615	210	405	3,835	1,535	2,295
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.7	18.5	22.6	13.5	12.2	14.7
0 to 17 years (%)	25.1	26.0	24.1	11.0	11.0	11.1
0 to 5 years (%)	30.8	33.3	28.0	10.8	10.2	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	18.9	17.3	20.5	11.7	10.9	12.5
65 years and over (%)	22.3	16.9	26.6	23.2	19.0	27.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	945	455	490	4,585	2,340	2,245
0 to 17 years	165	85	75	685	345	335
0 to 5 years	70	45	25	220	105	115
18 to 64 years	730	355	375	3,670	1,890	1,780
65 years and over	50	15	35	235	105	125
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.4	8.4	8.3	4.6	4.6	4.6
0 to 17 years (%)	9.4	9.6	8.6	3.4	3.3	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	13.5	16.7	10.0	3.2	3.0	3.4
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	10.8	10.7	5.9	5.9	5.8
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.2	2.3	1.4	1.3	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	11,345	5,390	5,960	100,860	51,065	49,795
Official languages	11,300	5,360	5,935	100,835	51,050	49,785
English	7,440	3,560	3,880	29,765	17,000	12,760
French	11,005	5,215	5,785	99,365	50,345	49,015
Non-official languages	475	235	235	3,045	1,425	1,615
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	590	275	320
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	565	265	305
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	245	120	120
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	25	10	20
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	200	110	90
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	380	185	195
Algonquin	0	0	0	375	185	195
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	25	0	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	20	0	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	470	235	230	2,460	1,160	1,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	65	40	410	215	200
Berber languages	15	10	10	55	30	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	35	15	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	20	15	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	50	30	380	190	180
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	85	50	30	380	195	185
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	30	20	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	30	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	25	0	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	15	0	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	10	50	20	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	205	100	105	1,710	805	905
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	110	70	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	105	65	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	50	30	20
Russian	20	15	10	30	20	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukrainian	15	10	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	20	190	100	90
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dutch	0	10	0	25	20	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	15	15	160	75	80
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	10	10	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	10	10	0	10
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	70	80	1,435	650	785
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	10	150	60	85
Portuguese	0	0	0	60	30	35
Romanian	60	30	30	10	10	0
Spanish	85	40	45	1,310	595	720
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	10	10	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	25	100	50	50
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	10	20	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	15	10	0	10
Wolof	10	10	0	25	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	65	35	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	10	60	15	45
American Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	20	0	20
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	45	15	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	30	30	80	45	40
Chinese languages	55	30	25	80	45	40
Cantonese	45	20	20	15	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	50	25	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	11,350	5,390	5,955	100,860	51,070	49,790
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	10,975	5,225	5,755	100,325	50,795	49,530
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,720	875	845	20,655	10,540	10,115
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,255	4,350	4,905	79,665	40,250	39,415
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	370	165	205	535	275	265
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	11,350	5,395	5,960	100,860	51,065	49,795
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	10,690	5,085	5,605	99,420	50,385	49,035
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	590	250	335	1,270	580	695
Before 1981	200	60	140	255	130	125
1981 to 1990	30	20	15	145	70	75
1991 to 2000	35	15	20	180	75	100
2001 to 2010	145	75	70	385	165	220
2001 to 2005	80	40	40	140	65	75
2006 to 2010	65	35	35	245	100	145
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	180	85	95	310	145	170
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	70	55	15	170	105	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	585	245	335	1,275	585	695
Under 5 years	90	45	45	235	85	155
5 to 14 years	90	35	55	200	95	105
15 to 24 years	100	25	75	190	65	125
25 to 44 years	245	105	135	600	315	285
45 years and over	60	40	25	40	15	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	585	245	340	1,275	585	695
Americas	250	80	165	220	80	140
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	10	10	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	75	35	50
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	25	0	20
Peru	0	0	0	20	10	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	235	75	155	70	40	35
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	20	10	10
Europe	115	55	65	445	220	225
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	25	20	10	210	100	110
Germany	10	0	10	55	20	35
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	30	15	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	10	10
Poland	0	0	0	15	10	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	60	30	30	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	70	40	30
Africa	90	50	40	390	215	180
Algeria	10	0	0	80	50	25
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	10	100	45	50
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	30	30	210	115	100
Asia	135	65	70	215	60	150
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	40	20	15	90	10	85
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	50	20	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	15	15	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	25	15	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	180	85	90	310	145	165
Americas	30	15	20	35	20	15
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	10	20	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	60	25	30	80	45	40
France	0	0	0	40	15	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	45	20	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	0	30	15	15
Africa	20	10	10	165	85	80
Algeria	0	0	0	35	20	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	20	0	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	20	15	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	35	10	25
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	40	20	20
Asia	65	30	35	25	0	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	0	20	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	11,350	5,390	5,955	100,860	51,065	49,795
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	680	310	370	1,510	715	795
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	590	275	315	2,115	1,020	1,095
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	10,080	4,810	5,270	97,235	49,330	47,905
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	395	190	200	1,040	465	575
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	190	90	105	535	280	260
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	85	65	20	260	185	70
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	110	25	85	280	90	185
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	140	65	70	440	160	285
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	55	30	25	60	25	35
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	11,345	5,390	5,955	100,860	51,070	49,795
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	385	195	190	4,575	2,325	2,250
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	375	185	190	4,415	2,245	2,175
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	160	70	90	2,715	1,320	1,395
Métis	210	105	105	1,690	915	770
Inuk (Inuit)	0	10	0	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	70	50	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	0	90	35	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	10,965	5,195	5,765	96,285	48,745	47,545
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	11,345	5,395	5,955	100,860	51,070	49,795
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	125	75	50	2,755	1,340	1,420
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,225	5,320	5,905	98,100	49,730	48,370
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	11,350	5,390	5,955	100,860	51,065	49,795
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	140	60	80	2,695	1,290	1,400
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	130	60	75	2,630	1,265	1,375
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	85	35	50	2,385	1,145	1,235
Métis single ancestry	45	15	20	240	115	125
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	60	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	45	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	15	10	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	365	140	215	4,860	2,455	2,400
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	345	140	210	4,740	2,390	2,350
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	270	95	175	3,955	2,020	1,940
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	45	30	760	355	405
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	0	15	120	65	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	120	60	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	10,845	5,185	5,660	93,305	47,315	45,985
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	11,350	5,390	5,955	100,860	51,070	49,795
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	350	175	175	1,210	550	660
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	15	15	0	30	10	20
Chinese	60	30	25	135	45	85
Black	145	65	80	475	230	245
Filipino	15	0	15	30	15	15
Latin American	10	0	10	95	15	80
Arab	70	45	30	330	175	150
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	30	15	15	60	25	35
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	11,000	5,220	5,785	99,650	50,515	49,130
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	11,345	5,390	5,955	100,860	51,065	49,795
North American Aboriginal origins	500	205	300	7,555	3,750	3,810
First Nations (North American Indian)	380	135	240	6,525	3,260	3,260
Inuit	15	10	10	50	25	25
Métis	130	65	65	1,170	560	605
Other North American origins	9,100	4,310	4,790	80,205	40,630	39,580
Acadian	155	75	85	330	165	165
American	240	125	120	585	285	300
Canadian	8,950	4,240	4,715	77,755	39,245	38,510
New Brunswicker	15	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Québécois	30	10	20	2,375	1,310	1,065
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	3,790	1,810	1,980	30,800	15,755	15,045
British Isles origins	910	450	465	7,300	3,420	3,880
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	350	150	195	1,560	745	820
Irish	515	255	255	4,765	2,165	2,595
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	180	100	75	1,825	920	910
Welsh	0	0	0	20	15	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	15	10	10	135	70	70
French origins	3,155	1,485	1,670	24,525	12,730	11,795
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	290	155	135
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,160	1,480	1,670	24,355	12,655	11,700
Western European origins (except French origins)	85	50	40	2,105	975	1,135
Austrian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	15	0	10	450	220	230
Dutch	0	10	0	130	65	70
Flemish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	55	35	20	1,390	645	740
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	0	130	45	85
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	20	10	10	250	140	110
Danish	0	0	0	50	30	15
Finnish	0	0	0	45	30	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	10	100	65	35
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	45	10	35
Eastern European origins	120	65	60	950	485	460
Bulgarian	0	0	0	120	75	45
Byelorussian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	45	30	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	25	20	380	215	170
Romanian	65	25	35	35	10	20
Russian	20	15	10	55	30	25
Slovak	0	0	0	30	20	15
Ukrainian	30	25	10	245	110	140
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	130	55	70	1,260	665	595
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	80	30	50
Italian	110	55	55	790	450	340
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	15	110	50	55
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Spanish	10	10	10	205	80	130
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	50	40	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	25	20	10	200	105	95
Basque	0	0	0	50	35	20
Jewish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	20	10	10	120	65	55
Caribbean origins	20	10	15	200	90	115
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	20	0	15
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	185	75	105
Jamaican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	0	175	55	120
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	30	10	20
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	40	15	30
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	70	25	45
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	175	95	85	750	415	335
Central and West African origins	85	40	40	220	130	95
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	25	20	0
Cameroonian	30	15	10	40	15	20
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	10	10	30	15	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	20	20	10
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Senegalese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	0	20	50	10	35
North African origins	40	30	15	430	250	180
Algerian	10	10	0	90	40	50
Berber	20	15	0	65	35	30
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	155	100	55
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	125	75	50
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	10	0	10	55	15	40
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	50	25	30	70	40	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	50	25	30	65	40	30
Asian origins	175	90	80	560	220	340
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	65	40	25	210	90	120
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	10	10	65	20	40
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	105	40	65
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	50	30	20	0	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	15	10	10	80	40	40
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	10	0	75	40	35
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	100	50	55	280	100	175
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese	65	40	30	180	65	120
Filipino	15	0	15	35	15	20
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	0	20
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	25	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	15	0	10	0	0
Australian	10	0	0	0	0	10
New Zealander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	5,595	...	...	45,535	...	...
Owner	3,540	...	...	31,730	...	...
Renter	2,050	...	...	13,595	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	5,600	...	...	45,535	...	...
Condominium	505	...	...	2,215	...	...
Not condominium	5,095	...	...	43,315	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	5,600	...	...	45,535	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	110	...	...
1 bedroom	815	...	...	5,315	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,800	...	...	12,430	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,025	...	...	15,585	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	945	...	...	12,100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	5,600	...	...	45,535	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,630	...	...	12,495	...	...
5 rooms	1,190	...	...	8,030	...	...
6 rooms	880	...	...	5,935	...	...
7 rooms	735	...	...	5,890	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,160	...	...	13,190	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	5,600	...	...	45,535	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,580	...	...	45,410	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	5,600	...	...	45,535	...	...
Suitable	5,515	...	...	44,820	...	...
Not suitable	75	...	...	715	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	5,595	...	...	45,535	...	...
1960 or before	2,095	...	...	14,210	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,850	...	...	14,910	...	...
1981 to 1990	740	...	...	7,350	...	...
1991 to 2000	560	...	...	4,430	...	...
2001 to 2005	165	...	...	1,010	...	...
2006 to 2010	130	...	...	1,460	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	65	...	...	2,165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	5,595	...	...	45,535	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	5,155	...	...	41,580	...	...
Major repairs needed	445	...	...	3,955	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	5,600	...	...	45,535	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,855	...	...	29,895	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,705	...	...	15,400	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	35	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	5,600	...	...	45,535	...	...
15 to 24 years	185	...	...	1,990	...	...
25 to 34 years	520	...	...	6,440	...	...
35 to 44 years	725	...	...	7,045	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,015	...	...	8,315	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,250	...	...	10,405	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,200	...	...	7,025	...	...
75 to 84 years	555	...	...	3,325	...	...
85 years and over	145	...	...	995	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	5,565	...	...	44,590	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,340	...	...	38,005	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,220	...	...	6,585	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,110	...	...	5,935	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,530	...	...	31,075	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.4	...	...	56.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.0	...	...	8.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	744	...	...	739	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	870	...	...	861	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	125,325	...	...	180,158	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	141,980	...	...	196,626	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,050	...	...	13,535	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.9	...	...	8.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.3	...	...	28.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	583	...	...	600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	594	...	...	627	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,835	4,620	5,215	83,370	42,155	41,215
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,135	930	1,200	22,885	12,285	10,600
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,805	1,315	1,490	16,175	7,160	9,020
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,900	2,375	2,525	44,300	22,710	21,595
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,410	855	550	19,865	12,700	7,165
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	900	475	420	14,660	8,540	6,120
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	505	380	130	5,200	4,160	1,045
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,600	705	895	12,410	5,410	7,000
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	255	85	170	2,635	890	1,750
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,640	730	910	9,395	3,715	5,685
Bachelor's degree	1,070	455	615	6,905	2,575	4,335
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	45	70	685	275	415
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	75	45	325	140	190
Master's degree	255	105	140	1,255	590	665
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	75	40	35	225	140	85
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,060	2,895	3,165	55,215	28,155	27,060
No certificate, diploma or degree	765	380	380	11,010	6,245	4,770
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,800	900	900	9,445	4,275	5,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,495	1,610	1,880	34,755	17,640	17,110
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	950	575	375	15,880	9,955	5,920
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	620	315	300	11,805	6,680	5,120
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	330	260	75	4,075	3,275	800
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,190	490	700	9,145	4,095	5,045
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	155	50	115	1,830	615	1,215
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,195	500	690	7,900	2,975	4,930
Bachelor's degree	790	325	465	5,820	2,100	3,720
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	30	50	535	180	355
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	110	65	40	310	120	185
Master's degree	165	60	105	1,050	455	595
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	55	30	30	185	115	70
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,835	4,620	5,215	83,370	42,155	41,215
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,940	2,245	2,695	39,065	19,440	19,625
Education	435	130	300	3,860	745	3,110
13. Education	435	135	305	3,860	750	3,110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	25	25	815	320	495
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	140	100	35
50. Visual and performing arts	50	25	25	680	220	460
Humanities	140	75	65	1,475	685	790
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	105	35	75
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	15	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	15	40	1,000	420	575
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	10	40	35	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	20	0	115	85	30
54. History	20	20	0	80	55	20
55. French language and literature/letters	25	15	10	115	55	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	310	90	215	2,350	480	1,870
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	40	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	10	225	80	145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	0	120	750	25	725
22. Legal professions and studies	45	20	25	275	90	180
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	80	10	70
42. Psychology	55	20	35	630	120	510
45. Social sciences	70	40	30	355	150	205
Business, management and public administration	1,030	325	710	9,135	2,620	6,520
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	15	50	850	165	685
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	965	310	660	8,285	2,450	5,830
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	70	55	895	480	420
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	15	25	205	80	130
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	20	70	40	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	255	120	135
40. Physical sciences	25	20	10	310	220	90
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	50	20	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	95	30	575	345	230
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	90	10	435	315	120
25. Library science	15	0	20	110	0	105
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	30	25	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,035	1,020	10	13,175	12,430	745
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	125	70	60
14. Engineering	90	85	0	870	740	125
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	160	160	0	3,165	2,870	295
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	340	340	0	2,690	2,625	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	280	280	0	3,805	3,675	130
48. Precision production	140	145	0	2,520	2,450	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	165	120	45	2,305	1,725	580
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	55	25	30	720	435	285
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	100	10	1,580	1,285	290
Health and related fields	1,045	195	850	5,385	890	4,490
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	55	30	25	235	105	135
51. Health professions and related programs	935	130	805	5,050	735	4,320
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	40	15	95	55	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	455	225	230	4,310	1,975	2,330
12. Personal and culinary services	285	70	215	2,360	350	2,010
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	80	70	10	745	495	250
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	85	0	1,200	1,130	70
Other	0	0	0	25	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	20	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,060	2,895	3,165	55,215	28,155	27,060
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,565	1,280	1,285	20,455	10,515	9,945
Education	210	60	150	2,505	420	2,080
13. Education	215	65	155	2,505	420	2,080
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	15	25	640	260	380
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	105	75	30
50. Visual and performing arts	40	20	20	535	180	350
Humanities	85	40	50	910	430	485
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	75	20	55
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	25	615	290	320
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	50	35	15
54. History	20	15	0	50	35	15
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	10	90	35	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245	70	180	1,910	380	1,530
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	10	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	180	55	125
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100	0	95	605	20	590
22. Legal professions and studies	45	20	20	215	65	150
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	45	0	40
42. Psychology	35	15	25	525	95	430
45. Social sciences	50	30	20	310	135	175
Business, management and public administration	780	215	570	7,560	1,990	5,575
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	10	40	700	120	580
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	740	210	525	6,855	1,860	4,990
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	45	40	530	305	225
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	15	20	165	70	95
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10	30	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	30	20	15
40. Physical sciences	25	15	0	255	180	80
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	20	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	80	15	510	295	215
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	80	10	410	290	115
25. Library science	10	0	10	90	0	90
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	715	705	10	10,590	9,945	650
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	105	45	60
14. Engineering	60	60	10	800	690	115
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	120	120	0	2,515	2,270	245
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	260	255	10	2,060	2,000	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	180	180	0	3,095	2,980	110
48. Precision production	85	85	0	2,010	1,950	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	100	40	1,830	1,330	500
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	45	15	30	565	340	225
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	85	10	1,265	990	275
Health and related fields	775	145	630	4,265	735	3,535
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	25	15	195	80	115
51. Health professions and related programs	690	95	595	3,975	595	3,375
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	25	15	95	55	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	315	135	180	3,475	1,550	1,930
12. Personal and culinary services	205	45	165	1,975	285	1,680
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	50	35	15	565	375	185
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	55	0	940	885	60
Other	0	0	0	25	10	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	25	10	15
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,835	4,620	5,215	83,370	42,155	41,215
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,935	2,245	2,690	39,065	19,445	19,620
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,900	2,375	2,525	44,305	22,715	21,590
Location of study inside Canada	4,650	2,260	2,395	43,820	22,445	21,370
Same as province or territory of residence	3,670	1,790	1,880	41,615	21,340	20,275
Different than province or territory of residence	980	465	510	2,200	1,105	1,095
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	250	120	135	485	265	220
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	110	50	60	50	20	30
Philippines	10	0	10	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	15	15	10	10
France	35	20	10	145	100	45
Other	80	45	35	260	125	135
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,060	2,900	3,165	55,215	28,155	27,055
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,565	1,280	1,285	20,460	10,515	9,945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,495	1,615	1,880	34,755	17,640	17,110
Location of study inside Canada	3,305	1,525	1,775	34,345	17,410	16,935
Same as province or territory of residence	2,585	1,205	1,375	32,725	16,625	16,100
Different than province or territory of residence	715	320	395	1,620	790	835
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	195	90	105	410	230	180
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	65	30	40	25	0	25
Philippines	10	0	10	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	10	10	10	0
France	25	20	10	115	80	30
Other	75	35	30	245	125	120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	9,840	4,620	5,215	83,365	42,155	41,210
In the labour force	5,565	2,860	2,705	52,035	28,080	23,960
Employed	5,090	2,585	2,500	47,900	25,300	22,600
Unemployed	480	275	205	4,145	2,780	1,365
Not in the labour force	4,270	1,760	2,505	31,325	14,075	17,255
Participation rate	56.6	61.9	51.9	62.4	66.6	58.1
Employment rate	51.7	56.0	47.9	57.5	60.0	54.8
Unemployment rate	8.6	9.6	7.6	8.0	9.9	5.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	9,835	4,620	5,220	83,365	42,155	41,215
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,080	1,655	2,425	27,685	12,125	15,560
Worked	5,760	2,965	2,790	55,685	30,030	25,655
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,870	1,560	1,310	25,000	14,180	10,825
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,885	1,410	1,480	30,680	15,850	14,830
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	41.3	42.0	41.2	41.1	41.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,570	2,860	2,710	52,040	28,080	23,960
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	125	50	70	815	410	405
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,445	2,805	2,640	51,225	27,670	23,555
Employee	4,915	2,510	2,405	46,535	25,055	21,485
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	530	295	235	4,690	2,620	2,075
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,570	2,860	2,710	52,035	28,080	23,960
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	120	50	70	815	405	405
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,445	2,805	2,640	51,230	27,675	23,555
0 Management occupations	420	305	120	4,270	2,600	1,670
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	660	160	500	6,880	1,805	5,075
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	255	215	45	2,525	1,970	560
3 Health occupations	655	140	515	3,510	560	2,950
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	630	210	420	6,050	1,305	4,740
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	85	40	45	875	315	560
6 Sales and service occupations	1,535	655	890	11,255	4,370	6,885
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	670	630	40	10,320	9,760	565
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	100	85	20	3,500	3,280	220
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	430	380	50	2,040	1,700	340
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,565	2,860	2,710	52,035	28,080	23,955
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	120	50	70	815	405	405
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,445	2,805	2,635	51,230	27,675	23,555
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	90	80	10	2,250	1,755	490
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	4,690	4,335	350
22 Utilities	10	10	0	920	750	170
23 Construction	250	225	25	3,745	3,250	495
31-33 Manufacturing	685	615	75	4,365	3,455	915
41 Wholesale trade	90	80	15	1,360	1,060	300
44-45 Retail trade	730	380	345	6,560	2,950	3,615
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	190	160	30	2,255	1,700	555
51 Information and cultural industries	105	50	50	440	230	210
52 Finance and insurance	125	40	90	1,030	275	755
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	30	15	430	290	135
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	130	95	40	1,585	800	785
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	200	120	80	1,655	930	725
61 Educational services	370	145	220	3,650	850	2,800
62 Health care and social assistance	1,155	190	965	7,185	1,110	6,080
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	110	50	65	510	200	310
72 Accommodation and food services	480	195	285	3,050	1,015	2,030
81 Other services (except public administration)	265	90	175	2,580	1,310	1,270
91 Public administration	400	240	150	2,965	1,405	1,565
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,085	2,585	2,505	47,900	25,300	22,595
Worked at home	255	125	125	2,750	1,315	1,440
Worked outside Canada	50	45	10	50	50	10
No fixed workplace address	470	360	115	4,270	3,515	755
Worked at usual place	4,305	2,055	2,260	40,820	20,420	20,400
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,310	2,050	2,260	40,820	20,420	20,400
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,670	1,655	2,020	26,505	12,160	14,345
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	475	300	180	8,490	3,975	4,515
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	80	55	25	5,320	3,860	1,455
Commute to a different province or territory	85	50	40	515	425	80
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,785	2,410	2,370	45,090	23,935	21,155
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,205	2,120	2,080	36,995	19,540	17,450
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	250	105	145	2,035	965	1,070
Public transit	10	10	0	680	485	195
Walked	260	150	115	3,845	1,640	2,205
Bicycle	0	0	0	235	175	60
Other method	55	25	30	1,300	1,135	170
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,785	2,415	2,370	45,090	23,935	21,150
Less than 15 minutes	3,300	1,540	1,760	23,130	10,945	12,185
15 to 29 minutes	1,055	540	515	11,655	5,685	5,970
30 to 44 minutes	225	160	70	4,525	2,665	1,860
45 to 59 minutes	90	75	20	1,925	1,345	580
60 minutes and over	110	100	10	3,850	3,295	555
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,785	2,410	2,375	45,090	23,935	21,155
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	370	280	90	3,760	3,140	625
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	645	400	245	5,940	4,390	1,555
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,680	855	825	15,340	7,730	7,610
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	980	365	620	9,695	3,380	6,315
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	430	115	310	3,165	980	2,185
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	675	395	280	7,185	4,320	2,865
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	5,960	3,055	2,900	57,245	30,815	26,425
Single responses	5,615	2,850	2,765	56,050	30,105	25,945
Official languages	5,580	2,835	2,745	56,025	30,090	25,925
English	465	295	175	2,105	1,260	845
French	5,115	2,540	2,570	53,915	28,835	25,085
Non-official languages	35	15	20	25	10	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	15	20	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	350	205	140	1,200	710	485
English and French	335	200	135	1,130	685	450
English and non-official language	10	10	0	30	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	10	0	20	0	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	5,960	3,060	2,900	57,245	30,815	26,425
None	3,100	1,595	1,500	46,825	24,715	22,115
English	2,550	1,275	1,275	9,190	5,330	3,860
French	295	175	120	1,100	720	380
Non-official language	15	10	0	80	35	50
Aboriginal	0	0	0	35	0	30
Non-Aboriginal	15	10	0	50	30	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	40	15	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	11,250	5,330	5,925	99,785	50,480	49,300
Non-movers	10,010	4,715	5,295	88,890	45,175	43,715
Movers	1,240	615	630	10,895	5,305	5,590
Non-migrants	820	385	440	6,980	3,415	3,555
Migrants	425	235	190	3,915	1,890	2,030
Internal migrants	340	175	160	3,820	1,840	1,980
Intraprovincial migrants	205	105	105	3,580	1,700	1,885
Interprovincial migrants	130	70	55	240	140	95
External migrants	85	55	35	95	45	50
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	10,880	5,150	5,730	95,120	48,165	46,950
Non-movers	7,615	3,615	4,000	65,260	33,265	31,995
Movers	3,265	1,535	1,725	29,855	14,900	14,955
Non-migrants	2,135	1,005	1,140	17,805	8,920	8,890
Migrants	1,130	535	590	12,050	5,985	6,070
Internal migrants	905	425	480	11,650	5,790	5,855
Intraprovincial migrants	510	235	275	10,925	5,400	5,520
Interprovincial migrants	390	190	200	725	395	335
External migrants	225	115	115	405	190	210

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Edmundston [Population centre], New Brunswick and Abitibi--Témiscamingue [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Edmundston [Population centre], New Brunswick and Abitibi--Témiscamingue [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Edmundston [Population centre], New Brunswick and Abitibi--Témiscamingue [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Edmundston [Population centre], New Brunswick and Abitibi--Témiscamingue [Federal electoral district], Quebec