Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Halifax, County [Census division], Nova Scotia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Halifax, CTY Nova Scotia [Census division]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Halifax, County [Census division], Nova Scotia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	403,390	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	390,328	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	187,478	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	173,459	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	73.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	5,496.31	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	403,390	195,330	208,060
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	60,535	30,920	29,625
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	19,790	10,085	9,710
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	20,745	10,625	10,125
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	20,000	10,210	9,790
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	279,680	136,280	143,400
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	22,345	11,320	11,025
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	30,225	15,020	15,210
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	30,205	15,180	15,020
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	27,470	13,495	13,980
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	25,710	12,285	13,430
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	26,645	12,815	13,835
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	27,735	13,170	14,565
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	32,665	15,860	16,805
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	30,610	14,810	15,795
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	26,065	12,330	13,735
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	63,170	28,130	35,040
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	22,510	10,635	11,880
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	15,525	7,250	8,280
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	10,440	4,700	5,740
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	7,505	3,195	4,310
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	7,190	2,355	4,835
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	4,405	1,585	2,825
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	2,115	615	1,505
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	610	145	460
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	60	10	50
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	15.0	15.8	14.2
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	69.3	69.8	68.9
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	15.7	14.4	16.8
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	1.8	1.2	2.3
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	40.9	39.9	41.8
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	41.0	39.8	42.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	173,460	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	86,615	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	21,005	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	61,850	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	11,790	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	6,655	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	6,275	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	36,895	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	240	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	3,995	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	173,455	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	51,180	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	64,425	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	27,260	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	21,020	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	9,575	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	397,630	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	342,850	164,410	178,440
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	192,585	96,120	96,470
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	154,070	76,915	77,160
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	38,515	19,205	19,310
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	150,265	68,295	81,970
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	102,415	52,850	49,565
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	9,785	4,175	5,610
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	20,615	7,615	13,000
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	17,450	3,655	13,800
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	113,625	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	62,590	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	24,880	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	19,240	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	6,920	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	113,630	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	94,735	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	75,480	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	19,255	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	18,890	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	15,260	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	3,630	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	94,730	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	50,640	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	44,090	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	19,595	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	17,945	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	6,545	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	18,895	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	11,950	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	5,280	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	1,665	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	84,200	39,385	44,815
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	173,460	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	109,000	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	48,760	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	60,245	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	2,285	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	62,170	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	51,185	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	10,985	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	399,570	193,735	205,840
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	347,435	170,905	176,530
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	340	155	185
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	49,585	21,650	27,935
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	2,210	1,020	1,185
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	399,575	193,735	205,840
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	386,350	187,275	199,075
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	9,895	4,910	4,980
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	1,210	570	640
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	2,115	975	1,145
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	10,505	5,195	5,305
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	2.6	2.7	2.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	399,575	193,735	205,840
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	394,425	191,200	203,225
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	363,555	175,515	188,045
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	353,420	170,520	182,895
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	10,145	4,990	5,145
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	30,865	15,685	15,180
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	80	40	35
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	60	35	30
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	5	5	0
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	5	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	55	30	25
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	50	30	20
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	5	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	5	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	10	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	30,790	15,645	15,145
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	7,020	3,845	3,175
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	10	5	5
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	120	60	55
Bilen	805	455	350	5	0	5
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	60	35	25
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	50	20	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	5	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	6,890	3,780	3,110
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	105	45	60
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	6,430	3,550	2,880
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	195	110	85
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	5	5	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	140	65	75
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	15	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	400	195	205
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	5	5	5
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	395	195	200
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	1,665	730	935
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	5	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	110	45	60
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	15	10	10
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	50	10	35
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	5	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	40	15	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	10	5	5
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	1,415	625	790
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	15	5	10
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	55	40	15
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	30	25	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	25	20	5
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	870	510	360
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	30	15	10
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	310	165	140
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	255	155	100
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	270	165	100
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	5	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	12,660	6,400	6,260
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	250	125	125
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	30	20	10
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	2,790	1,355	1,440
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	55	15	40
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	25	5	15
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	35	5	25
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	2,735	1,335	1,395
Belarusan	810	385	430	5	5	5
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	115	60	60
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	40	15	25
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	185	90	100
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	140	75	70
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	10	10	5
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	590	290	305
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	1,155	565	585
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	110	55	60
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	80	40	40
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	85	40	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	20	10	15
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	190	95	100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	0	0	0
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	45	20	25
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	25	10	15
Welsh	1,075	495	575	15	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	2,075	995	1,080
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	75	35	40
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	95	65	40
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	490	235	255
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	5	0	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	1,200	555	650
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	35	15	15
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	75	45	30
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	65	25	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	15	10	5
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	10	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	5
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	660	335	325
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	4,295	2,345	1,950
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	2,945	1,645	1,300
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	440	270	175
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	170	110	60
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	660	400	260
Kashmiri	565	300	265	10	0	5
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	5	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	65	35	30
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	525	255	270
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	475	255	220
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	15	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	140	70	70
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	435	245	195
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	1,330	685	640
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	110	65	50
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	65	35	30
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	1,145	585	560
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	2,515	1,210	1,305
Catalan	865	440	425	10	5	5
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	555	290	265
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	390	185	200
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	185	90	95
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	1,375	635	735
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	5
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	250	70	185
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	5	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	5	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	900	380	520
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	5	5	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	535	270	260
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	35	15	15
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	5	5	5
Edo	1,670	770	900	5	5	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	30	20	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	5	0
Ga	920	445	470	5	5	5
Ganda	1,295	625	665	20	10	15
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	30	15	15
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	20	10	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	45	20	30
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	25	10	15
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	120	60	60
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	5	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	50	30	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	120	65	60
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	65	35	30
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	55	30	25
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	115	55	60
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	55	30	30
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	60	25	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	5,500	2,745	2,755
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	5,480	2,735	2,740
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	925	430	500
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	25	10	15
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	3,950	1,975	1,975
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	95	45	50
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	45	25	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	435	250	180
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	20	10	10
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	5	0	5
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	90	35	50
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	5	0	0
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	85	35	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	390	215	175
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	15	10	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	250	135	115
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	5	0	5
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	105	60	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	5	5	5
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	240	105	135
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	25	10	15
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	35	10	25
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	175	80	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	20	5	10
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	5,155	2,535	2,615
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	1,780	815	960
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	3,040	1,555	1,480
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	170	90	85
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	155	75	85
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	399,575	193,735	205,840
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	391,280	189,555	201,725
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	374,875	181,210	193,665
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	371,210	179,410	191,800
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	3,665	1,805	1,860
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	16,405	8,345	8,060
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	20	10	10
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	20	10	10
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	15	10	5
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	15	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	5	5
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	16,390	8,335	8,050
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	4,195	2,210	1,980
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	75	35	40
Bilen	620	330	285	5	0	5
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	40	25	20
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	30	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	4,120	2,180	1,940
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	55	25	25
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	3,845	2,040	1,805
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	5	5	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	120	65	50
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	95	40	55
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	255	125	130
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	0	0	0
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	255	125	130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	890	435	460
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	50	20	30
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	5	5	5
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	15	5	5
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	825	400	420
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	20	15	5
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	10	10	5
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	390	225	165
Kannada	1,630	825	800	15	5	10
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	130	75	60
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	120	65	55
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	125	75	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	5,500	2,760	2,740
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	110	55	55
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	15	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	1,275	625	650
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	15	5	10
Latvian	1,255	530	725	5	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	10	5	10
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	1,255	620	635
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	65	35	35
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	20	15	5
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	60	25	35
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	40	25	15
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	0	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	180	80	100
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	740	370	370
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	60	30	30
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	30	20	15
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	25	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	5
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	45	30	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	5	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	15	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	15	10	5
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	5	5	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	360	175	185
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	20	10	10
Danish	855	410	445	10	0	10
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	45	20	25
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	240	115	125
Icelandic	270	120	150	25	15	15
Norwegian	345	145	200	15	5	5
Swedish	1,045	500	545	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	250	125	125
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	2,550	1,335	1,215
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	1,650	885	760
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	230	125	105
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	95	60	30
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	285	175	110
Kashmiri	135	70	70	5	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	30	15	10
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	470	235	235
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	205	100	105
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	85	40	40
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	250	130	125
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	895	445	450
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	85	50	35
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	30	15	20
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	780	380	395
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	935	435	500
Catalan	355	165	190	5	5	5
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	130	55	75
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	150	70	85
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	60	30	35
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	585	275	310
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	5	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	80	25	55
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	610	270	345
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	150	70	80
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	5	0	5
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	15	10	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	5	0
Ganda	345	160	185	5	0	5
Igbo	1,000	485	510	10	5	10
Lingala	1,045	455	590	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	20	10	10
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	55	25	25
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	30	10	15
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	25	10	10
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	155	75	80
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	70	30	35
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	90	45	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	3,830	1,960	1,865
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	3,825	1,960	1,860
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	525	280	250
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	5	0	5
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	2,935	1,475	1,460
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	40	25	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	290	175	125
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	5	0	5
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	25	10	15
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	25	15	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	190	105	95
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	5
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	120	65	55
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	70	35	30
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	50	25	30
Estonian	975	365	610	5	0	5
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	5	0	0
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	10	0	5
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	8,295	4,175	4,115
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	1,155	535	620
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	6,815	3,480	3,335
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	65	40	25
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	260	125	130
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	399,575	193,735	205,840
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	370,645	179,735	190,905
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	9,215	4,715	4,500
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	8,485	3,705	4,780
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	10,605	5,290	5,315
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	105	50	60
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	10,500	5,240	5,260
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	125	55	70
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	190	85	100
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	305	140	165
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	337,210	161,965	175,250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	323,835	155,495	168,340
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	36,089	42,874	31,004
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	323,945	155,510	168,440
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	31,754	36,910	27,847
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	293,570	143,465	150,105
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	34,893	41,760	29,205
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	223,475	93,710	129,765
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	4,496	3,892	4,737
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	243,395	121,810	121,585
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	34,240	40,169	29,594
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	337,210	161,965	175,245
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	324,115	155,475	168,640
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	46,429	55,049	38,482
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	324,225	155,500	168,725
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	37,502	43,439	32,031
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	293,720	143,570	150,150
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	45,940	55,168	37,117
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	224,085	93,415	130,665
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	6,937	6,831	7,013
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	243,400	121,865	121,535
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	44,079	51,868	36,269
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	337,215	161,965	175,250
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	125,080	67,375	57,705
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	51,704	58,003	45,756
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	61,471	69,022	52,655
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	89.6	92.4	86.0
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	71.3	74.0	67.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	10.4	7.6	14.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	337,210	161,965	175,245
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	13,375	6,470	6,910
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	323,835	155,495	168,335
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	96.0	96.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	44,175	19,485	24,690
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	49,890	19,075	30,815
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	43,125	16,945	26,175
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	40,210	17,350	22,860
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	35,125	16,245	18,880
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	27,080	14,190	12,895
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	21,010	12,085	8,930
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	17,490	10,065	7,425
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	13,780	8,055	5,720
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	8,680	5,610	3,075
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	23,260	16,395	6,870
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	15,960	10,955	5,005
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	7,305	5,435	1,865
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	337,215	161,965	175,245
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	13,265	6,450	6,810
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	323,950	155,510	168,440
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.1	96.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	46,280	19,870	26,410
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	53,335	20,635	32,700
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	53,075	21,540	31,540
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	50,375	22,485	27,890
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	39,425	20,345	19,080
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	28,460	16,485	11,980
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	21,130	12,340	8,790
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	11,720	7,570	4,150
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	20,150	14,240	5,905
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	6,505	4,395	2,110
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	3,925	2,715	1,210
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	9,710	7,130	2,580
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	337,210	161,965	175,250
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	93,815	40,155	53,665
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	243,395	121,815	121,585
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	72.2	75.2	69.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	30,550	13,940	16,620
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	19,565	8,465	11,095
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	32,145	14,035	18,110
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	27,995	12,400	15,595
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	27,205	11,875	15,330
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	23,800	10,935	12,870
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	18,570	9,855	8,715
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	15,075	8,810	6,260
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	13,695	7,870	5,825
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	34,795	23,630	11,165
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	11,185	6,575	4,610
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	6,745	4,560	2,185
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	16,865	12,500	4,370
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	173,460	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	69,522	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	59,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	51,185	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	36,094	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	31,580	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	122,275	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	87,754	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	74,104	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	173,460	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	86,753	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	70,099	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	51,215	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	44,657	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	36,398	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	122,240	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	104,389	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	84,218	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	173,455	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	3,745	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	3,085	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	4,970	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	6,265	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	6,745	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	6,525	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	7,490	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	7,415	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	7,450	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	7,255	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	13,645	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	12,730	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	12,180	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	11,010	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	9,460	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	53,485	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	18,540	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	12,670	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	13,135	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	9,145	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	173,460	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	3,890	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	3,150	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	5,045	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	6,735	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	7,910	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	8,185	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	9,325	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	9,185	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	9,095	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	8,720	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	16,745	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	15,685	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	13,380	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	11,365	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	9,490	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	35,555	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	16,610	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	8,910	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	10,035	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	113,305	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	89,366	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	75,061	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	47,640	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	83,567	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	70,319	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	44,645	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	116,667	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	96,180	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	17,620	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	50,942	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	46,308	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	113,240	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	106,483	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	85,542	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	47,645	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	98,899	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	79,264	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	44,710	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	132,993	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	105,727	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	17,490	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	61,771	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	52,451	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	75,935	36,005	39,935
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	31,382	32,060	30,864
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	28,151	28,435	27,912
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	75,880	35,780	40,105
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	39,406	40,479	38,449
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	32,585	32,916	32,290
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	397,635	192,810	204,820
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	200,095	93,985	106,110
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	45,315	21,885	23,435
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	36,810	16,250	20,555
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	37,695	17,410	20,285
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	39,240	18,550	20,685
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	41,030	19,890	21,140
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	197,535	98,830	98,705
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	41,390	20,585	20,805
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	42,875	21,440	21,435
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	43,135	21,495	21,640
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	38,760	19,485	19,275
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	31,380	15,820	15,555
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	397,370	192,700	204,675
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	72,900	37,155	35,750
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	23,875	12,155	11,715
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	264,835	128,510	136,325
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	59,635	27,040	32,600
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	58,825	27,410	31,415
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	13,690	6,975	6,720
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	5,090	2,540	2,540
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	37,995	17,830	20,170
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	7,135	2,605	4,530
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	14.8	14.2	15.3
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	18.8	18.8	18.8
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	21.3	20.9	21.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	14.3	13.9	14.8
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	12.0	9.6	13.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	38,240	18,730	19,505
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	7,790	3,985	3,810
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	2,985	1,520	1,465
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	28,875	14,135	14,740
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	1,570	610	960
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	9.6	9.7	9.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	10.7	10.7	10.7
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	12.5	12.5	12.5
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	10.9	11.0	10.8
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	2.6	2.3	2.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	397,635	192,815	204,815
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	395,460	191,890	203,565
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	395,185	191,765	203,420
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	49,665	21,765	27,905
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	43,820	21,810	22,005
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	195	85	105
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	160	60	105
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	10	0	10
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	10
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	155	60	90
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	10
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	155	60	90
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	10	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	10	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	10	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	10	10	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	10	10	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	10
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	43,635	21,735	21,895
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	9,820	5,290	4,530
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	25	15	15
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	25	15	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	140	55	90
Bilen	1,085	625	470	25	10	15
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	35	20	20
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	75	25	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	10	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	9,745	5,275	4,470
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	260	135	125
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	8,850	4,765	4,080
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	575	335	235
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	10	0	10
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	140	65	70
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	35	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	460	205	255
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	15	10	15
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	440	200	245
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	2,270	985	1,285
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	10	0	10
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	110	55	55
Fijian	1,660	955	705	10	10	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	40	15	25
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	55	10	40
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	10
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	40	10	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	2,155	940	1,215
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	25	0	20
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	220	110	120
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	90	45	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	120	60	65
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	1,205	690	520
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	75	40	35
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	490	260	235
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	370	225	145
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	330	200	125
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	20,810	10,305	10,505
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	375	180	195
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	75	45	25
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	3,195	1,520	1,680
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	65	20	45
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	25	10	20
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	45	15	25
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	3,145	1,500	1,650
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	120	50	70
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	40	25	25
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	230	85	140
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	155	80	75
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	70	35	30
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	645	285	355
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	1,665	840	830
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	140	60	75
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	105	60	45
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	95	45	50
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	20	0	15
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	260	125	135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	0	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	305	145	160
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	200	85	110
Welsh	1,690	830	860	15	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	115	55	60
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	4,315	2,105	2,210
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	240	110	135
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	135	75	60
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	745	315	430
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	15	0	10
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	3,005	1,515	1,495
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	65	25	40
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	85	65	15
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	170	70	105
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	10	0	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	25	15	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	10
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	1,190	600	590
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	5,660	3,170	2,500
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	4,225	2,405	1,820
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	545	300	240
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	195	130	75
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	2,005	1,150	855
Kashmiri	905	490	420	10	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	15	15	10
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	110	70	40
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	620	315	305
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	25	0	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	815	455	360
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	210	110	95
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	880	540	340
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	1,455	780	670
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	180	105	80
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	55	40	15
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	1,240	655	585
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	65	30	30
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	6,610	3,040	3,575
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	20	15	10
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	1,225	620	605
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	675	370	305
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	210	125	85
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	4,830	2,110	2,715
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	45	30	10
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	640	245	395
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	10	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	10	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	1,190	510	680
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	1,145	625	520
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	35	20	15
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	10	0	10
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	10	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	70	40	30
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	10	10	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	25	15	15
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	55	15	40
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	75	45	30
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	30	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	125	55	65
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	55	35	20
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	340	185	150
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	30	10	20
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	215	105	105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	235	130	100
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	40	25	15
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	35	25	10
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	925	315	615
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	565	180	385
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	370	140	235
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	5,840	2,975	2,865
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	5,825	2,975	2,850
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	1,245	600	650
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	45	25	25
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	4,535	2,275	2,265
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	155	60	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	50	20	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	410	255	155
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	20	10	10
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	15	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	165	75	85
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	15	10	10
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	150	75	75
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	535	280	255
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	20	20	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	395	190	205
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	15	0	10
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	105	65	40
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	10	10	10
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	245	120	125
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	45	20	20
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	50	20	35
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	140	80	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	40	15	30
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	397,630	192,815	204,815
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	376,250	181,625	194,620
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	69,485	35,410	34,070
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	306,770	146,220	160,550
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	21,385	11,180	10,195
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	397,630	192,815	204,820
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	352,630	169,835	182,795
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	37,205	18,415	18,795
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	10,100	4,910	5,185
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	3,035	1,530	1,500
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	4,895	2,370	2,525
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	9,760	4,925	4,840
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	3,760	1,890	1,865
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	6,000	3,030	2,970
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	9,420	4,680	4,740
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	7,795	4,565	3,235
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	37,205	18,415	18,795
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	4,640	2,225	2,415
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	6,970	3,525	3,445
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	6,630	3,180	3,445
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	16,235	8,050	8,185
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	2,735	1,435	1,300
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	37,210	18,415	18,790
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	5,485	2,570	2,915
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	135	60	65
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	115	65	50
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	75	40	40
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	145	70	75
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	40	20	20
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	345	135	210
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	225	115	115
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	80	25	60
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	175	100	75
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	3,225	1,480	1,745
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	925	470	455
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	12,250	6,210	6,045
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	195	100	95
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	130	50	80
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	340	190	150
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	1,150	585	565
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	455	235	220
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	80	35	45
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	285	100	175
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	380	210	165
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	470	185	280
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	465	190	270
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	180	115	65
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	150	90	60
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	505	245	260
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	65	30	30
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	270	125	145
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	5,900	3,110	2,795
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	1,245	600	645
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	3,030	1,565	1,460
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	10	0	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	730	375	350
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	170	90	85
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	120	70	45
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	70	45	20
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	290	145	145
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	60	35	30
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	355	155	200
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	1,225	650	570
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	16,210	7,920	8,290
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	100	40	60
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	250	145	105
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	2,345	975	1,375
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	250	115	135
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	1,875	990	890
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	840	460	380
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	530	250	280
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	170	60	110
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	715	290	430
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	1,205	665	540
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	450	225	225
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	2,030	860	1,165
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	265	120	145
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	1,040	500	545
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	175	95	85
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	355	170	190
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	3,600	1,965	1,630
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	235	155	80
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	9,425	4,685	4,740
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	990	450	540
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	85	35	50
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	10	0	15
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	65	35	30
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	15	10	10
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	130	60	70
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	90	45	40
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	365	165	195
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	225	85	140
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	1,390	720	665
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	80	45	35
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	90	40	45
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	40	15	25
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	25	10	15
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	30	15	15
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	160	65	100
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	135	60	80
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	540	325	215
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	290	140	155
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	960	510	445
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	10	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	55	25	25
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	185	100	85
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	60	40	25
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	40	25	15
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	25	15	10
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	150	70	80
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	70	30	45
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	350	200	145
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	6,065	2,990	3,070
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	25	0	20
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	65	40	25
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	855	395	455
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	10
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	755	415	340
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	250	130	120
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	245	125	120
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	260	170	90
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	65	25	35
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	190	65	120
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	75	30	45
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	185	95	85
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	90	50	45
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	1,160	515	645
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	115	65	50
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	85	50	45
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	790	365	425
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	10
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	70	45	30
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	60	35	25
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	45	15	30
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	675	355	325
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	20	10	10
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	10	10	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	15	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	397,635	192,815	204,815
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	47,920	24,395	23,525
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	38,625	18,960	19,660
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	311,090	149,455	161,630
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	27,440	13,660	13,780
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	16,465	8,580	7,890
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	6,335	4,335	2,005
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	10,130	4,250	5,880
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	6,715	2,880	3,835
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	4,080	2,105	1,975
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	175	85	85
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	397,635	192,815	204,815
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	15,815	7,455	8,355
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	15,270	7,200	8,065
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	7,955	3,785	4,175
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	6,910	3,230	3,680
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	400	185	220
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	275	130	140
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	270	125	140
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	381,815	185,355	196,465
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	397,630	192,815	204,815
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	4,015	1,905	2,110
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	393,615	190,910	202,705
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	397,635	192,810	204,820
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	2,600	1,170	1,425
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	2,510	1,145	1,365
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	1,715	790	925
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	685	325	365
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	110	30	80
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	85	25	55
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	60	15	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	24,130	11,040	13,085
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	23,265	10,620	12,650
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	16,330	7,425	8,910
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	6,315	2,890	3,420
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	620	300	320
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	860	420	440
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	700	335	370
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	90	45	45
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	60	40	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	370,905	180,600	190,305
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	397,635	192,810	204,820
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	45,290	22,740	22,555
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	6,555	3,690	2,860
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	6,970	3,450	3,525
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	15,090	7,305	7,785
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	2,575	1,130	1,450
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	1,210	610	600
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	7,335	3,950	3,385
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	865	375	490
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	1,395	725	665
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	1,225	520	705
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	485	215	270
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	490	230	265
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	1,090	540	555
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	352,345	170,075	182,265
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	397,630	192,810	204,820
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	26,725	12,215	14,510
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	18,920	8,620	10,300
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	905	425	480
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	7,850	3,615	4,235
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	163,560	78,245	85,315
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	10,120	4,530	5,590
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	3,950	1,910	2,040
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	152,835	73,390	79,445
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	30	10	20
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	885	395	495
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	750	345	405
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	30	10	15
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	230	120	115
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	15	10	10
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	276,190	132,910	143,280
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	228,910	109,560	119,345
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	40	10	30
Cornish	1,975	995	975	60	35	25
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	121,795	58,375	63,415
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	95,065	44,145	50,920
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	80	40	35
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	113,480	53,570	59,905
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	8,850	4,160	4,690
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	11,350	5,340	6,005
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	66,425	30,905	35,515
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	15	10	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	10	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	66,410	30,900	35,515
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	56,580	26,830	29,750
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	1,010	540	465
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	995	480	510
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	13,220	6,020	7,205
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	70	50	15
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	15	0	10
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	45,110	21,395	23,715
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	15	10	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	1,395	715	675
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	90	60	35
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	8,015	3,835	4,175
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	1,890	895	1,000
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	610	250	360
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	420	185	235
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	2,780	1,390	1,395
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	1,920	880	1,040
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	690	380	310
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	16,140	8,015	8,120
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	175	80	100
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	135	70	65
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	665	360	305
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	155	65	85
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	255	125	125
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	1,400	725	675
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	240	90	155
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	600	270	325
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	10	0	0
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	5,905	2,900	3,005
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	715	355	365
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	2,975	1,405	1,570
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	355	215	140
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	5,155	2,640	2,515
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	190	80	105
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	16,775	7,980	8,795
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	255	140	120
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	120	55	65
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	10
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	455	200	250
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	25	15	10
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	2,430	1,240	1,190
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	8,190	3,940	4,245
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	240	115	130
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	100	55	50
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	235	105	135
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	15	0	10
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	2,335	1,105	1,235
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	185	85	105
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	10	0	10
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	105	45	60
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	2,685	1,175	1,510
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	190	95	95
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	65	35	25
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	3,610	1,830	1,775
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	105	40	60
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	1,490	725	765
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	60	40	15
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	20	15	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	1,965	1,015	955
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	3,570	1,740	1,825
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	80	45	35
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	195	90	100
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	400	205	200
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	155	85	70
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	40	30	10
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	270	125	145
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	120	65	60
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	20	10	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	85	25	60
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	1,295	640	655
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	35	15	20
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	10	0	10
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	50	15	35
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	60	20	40
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	250	145	110
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	30	20	10
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	460	240	215
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	275	135	145
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	2,060	1,045	1,015
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	145	75	70
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	50	30	20
Belizean	1,755	915	845	10	0	10
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	35	20	20
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	215	115	100
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	85	50	30
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	235	125	110
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	25	0	20
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	25	15	10
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	55	35	15
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	270	125	145
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	55	30	25
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	30	25	10
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	60	35	25
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	465	230	240
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	35	10	25
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	15	0	10
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	140	65	80
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	80	55	30
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	15	0	15
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	55	40	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	150	80	70
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	12,510	6,005	6,505
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	1,080	565	515
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	15	0	10
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	10	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	25	15	10
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	165	85	80
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	10	0
Gambian	975	495	475	10	0	10
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	145	80	60
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	25	15	10
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	90	50	40
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	10	10	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	20	10	10
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	10	0	10
Malinké	1,125	585	535	15	10	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	360	185	170
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	10	10	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	40	30	10
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	65	35	35
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	65	20	40
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	110	65	50
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	1,715	900	815
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	30	25	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	55	35	20
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	25	10	20
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	1,175	630	545
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	185	95	95
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	10	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	115	55	60
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	115	45	70
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	40	20	20
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	45	25	20
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	1,580	775	810
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	25	10	20
Amhara	1,530	815	715	10	10	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	10	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	10	0	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	145	75	70
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	250	105	145
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	145	85	60
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	15	0	20
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	10	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	30	15	15
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	95	50	50
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	165	75	90
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	400	180	215
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	50	35	15
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	15	0	10
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	60	20	35
Zambian	1,860	935	920	75	30	45
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	80	55	30
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	115	65	50
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	8,315	3,875	4,445
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	1,460	670	790
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	6,940	3,240	3,700
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	33,575	17,045	16,530
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	13,800	7,140	6,655
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	230	75	155
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	1,385	725	660
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	215	125	90
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	20	15	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	20	10	10
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	1,200	680	515
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	585	265	325
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	220	115	100
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	255	140	110
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	35	20	15
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	225	110	115
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	205	105	100
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	5,205	2,620	2,590
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	925	500	425
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	10	10	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	675	440	235
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	1,660	805	850
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	20	10	10
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	35	10	25
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	565	270	295
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	10	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	10	10	10
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	90	60	30
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	205	105	100
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	765	405	365
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	6,880	3,885	3,005
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	210	120	85
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	55	30	15
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	210	85	120
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	5,030	2,855	2,175
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	10	10	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	10
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	10	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	425	220	210
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	465	290	175
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	165	75	85
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	285	140	150
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	60	25	35
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	390	240	145
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	12,855	6,035	6,820
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	15	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	50	15	35
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	7,605	3,700	3,905
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	2,680	1,195	1,485
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	95	45	50
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	600	245	355
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	1,280	540	740
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	10	0	10
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	50	20	30
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	30	10	20
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	0	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	180	85	90
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	170	60	110
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	10	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	585	260	320
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	50	35	15
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	295	140	155
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	295	140	155
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	550	270	285
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	285	140	150
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	190	110	80
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	85	35	55
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	10	10	0
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	10	0	15
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	35	15	25
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	15	10	10
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	10	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	173,460	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	104,250	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	69,180	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	173,460	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	10,415	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	163,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	173,460	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	880	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	25,150	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	45,370	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	62,950	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	39,110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	173,460	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	46,250	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	25,385	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	24,840	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	22,375	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	54,610	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	173,455	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	172,115	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	1,350	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	173,455	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	167,470	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	5,990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	173,460	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	35,105	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	49,470	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	27,070	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	24,820	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	13,190	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	12,695	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	11,110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	173,460	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	161,990	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	11,470	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	173,455	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	98,520	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	70,355	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	4,585	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	173,460	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	9,080	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	27,935	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	28,940	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	34,535	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	33,710	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	23,385	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	12,040	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	3,835	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	172,790	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	129,585	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	43,205	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	36,570	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	104,185	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	64.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	12.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,187	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,268	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	269,126	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	307,511	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	69,085	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	8.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	43.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	962	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,035	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	337,215	161,965	175,250
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	49,440	25,160	24,280
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	85,440	43,010	42,425
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	202,335	93,795	108,540
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	26,270	18,000	8,270
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	14,480	8,135	6,345
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	11,790	9,865	1,925
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	69,975	29,400	40,575
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	7,855	3,195	4,665
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	98,230	43,195	55,035
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	65,785	28,265	37,515
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	5,150	2,245	2,910
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	2,780	1,490	1,290
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	20,595	8,750	11,845
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	3,920	2,445	1,475
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	225,425	108,730	116,690
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	18,865	10,520	8,340
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	49,630	25,550	24,085
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	156,935	72,660	84,270
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	18,455	13,000	5,455
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	10,105	5,910	4,195
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	8,345	7,090	1,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	53,905	23,350	30,555
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	5,300	2,140	3,160
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	79,275	34,170	45,105
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	53,070	22,730	30,340
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	4,060	1,650	2,405
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	2,295	1,115	1,180
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	17,040	7,060	9,970
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	2,815	1,605	1,215
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	337,215	161,965	175,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	134,875	68,170	66,705
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	12,640	3,225	9,415
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	12,640	3,225	9,415
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	6,785	3,190	3,590
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	1,315	970	345
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	5,465	2,220	3,245
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	10,725	4,105	6,620
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	745	230	510
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	3,225	970	2,255
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	2,300	765	1,540
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	45	20	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	715	385	330
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	855	515	345
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	2,255	1,125	1,135
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	585	105	475
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	23,790	7,680	16,115
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	420	85	325
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	2,300	840	1,460
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	4,020	310	3,705
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	3,605	1,200	2,405
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	390	100	290
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	5,035	1,315	3,725
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	8,030	3,830	4,200
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	47,175	16,450	30,730
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	70	15	55
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	2,855	685	2,170
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	44,250	15,745	28,505
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	9,850	4,745	5,100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	4,595	1,885	2,710
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	2,020	790	1,235
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	95	25	70
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	2,810	1,965	845
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	325	85	240
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	9,670	6,195	3,475
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	7,775	5,300	2,470
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	705	100	600
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	1,060	685	375
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	135	100	30
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	37,885	34,940	2,950
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	960	620	340
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	7,830	6,660	1,170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	8,520	7,790	730
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	8,730	8,495	240
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	8,060	7,735	325
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	3,780	3,640	140
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	2,230	1,195	1,035
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	1,030	510	520
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	1,200	680	515
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	28,890	5,360	23,530
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	1,900	905	1,000
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	26,040	3,880	22,160
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	950	575	375
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	12,650	6,705	5,945
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	7,160	1,905	5,260
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	185	175	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	515	475	40
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	2,020	1,610	415
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	2,765	2,540	225
Other	3,170	885	2,280	40	10	35
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	40	10	35
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	225,425	108,730	116,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	68,495	36,070	32,425
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	8,765	2,100	6,665
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	8,765	2,100	6,665
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	5,320	2,520	2,805
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	970	730	240
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	4,355	1,785	2,565
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	8,300	3,110	5,195
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	600	180	420
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	2,540	770	1,765
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	1,825	610	1,215
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	50	15	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	565	290	280
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	555	330	225
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	1,745	830	910
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	430	80	350
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	19,595	6,095	13,500
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	350	70	285
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	1,965	700	1,270
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	3,290	255	3,035
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	3,135	925	2,210
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	300	70	230
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	4,035	1,040	2,995
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	6,515	3,030	3,475
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	36,275	12,865	23,410
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	65	15	55
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	2,330	555	1,775
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	33,880	12,295	21,580
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	7,310	3,490	3,825
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	3,575	1,470	2,105
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	1,485	600	885
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	90	25	65
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	1,965	1,355	605
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	200	35	165
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	8,505	5,570	2,935
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	7,135	4,915	2,215
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	485	75	405
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	775	490	290
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	115	90	25
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	28,880	26,370	2,505
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	735	445	290
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	5,890	4,915	980
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	6,725	6,075	650
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	6,650	6,415	235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	6,115	5,870	245
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	2,760	2,650	110
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	1,835	980	860
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	835	420	420
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	1,000	555	440
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	22,215	4,285	17,930
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	1,510	760	755
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	19,950	3,100	16,845
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	755	430	330
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	9,890	5,285	4,605
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	5,630	1,575	4,055
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	165	160	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	315	285	30
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	1,600	1,270	335
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	2,175	1,995	180
Other	2,590	745	1,845	40	10	35
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	40	10	35
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	337,210	161,965	175,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	134,875	68,170	66,705
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	202,335	93,795	108,540
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	184,280	84,675	99,605
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	140,675	63,335	77,340
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	43,600	21,340	22,265
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	18,060	9,125	8,935
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	3,800	2,005	1,790
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	1,110	390	715
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	1,470	775	695
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	3,180	1,855	1,325
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	810	315	495
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	245	145	105
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	7,440	3,630	3,805
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	225,425	108,730	116,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	68,490	36,070	32,425
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	156,930	72,660	84,270
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	142,990	65,865	77,120
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	108,650	49,100	59,555
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	34,340	16,770	17,565
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	13,940	6,800	7,145
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	2,510	1,270	1,235
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	1,030	370	655
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	1,170	605	565
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	2,045	1,175	875
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	660	255	400
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	200	115	85
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	6,325	2,995	3,330
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	337,215	161,965	175,245
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	225,945	115,060	110,880
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	209,425	105,890	103,530
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	16,515	9,165	7,350
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	111,275	46,900	64,370
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	67.0	71.0	63.3
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	62.1	65.4	59.1
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	7.3	8.0	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	337,215	161,965	175,250
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	102,100	43,110	58,990
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	235,115	118,860	116,260
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	128,810	69,905	58,910
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	106,300	48,955	57,345
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.1	43.6	42.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	225,940	115,060	110,880
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	4,080	2,125	1,955
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	221,860	112,935	108,925
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	201,655	100,725	100,925
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	20,210	12,215	8,000
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	225,940	115,060	110,880
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	4,080	2,120	1,960
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	221,860	112,940	108,925
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	24,335	14,500	9,835
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	36,720	10,880	25,840
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	17,555	14,105	3,445
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	17,440	3,410	14,025
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	30,390	12,015	18,375
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	7,555	3,570	3,980
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	55,170	24,350	30,815
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	26,175	24,875	1,295
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	2,740	2,310	430
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	3,785	2,915	870
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	225,940	115,060	110,885
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	4,075	2,120	1,955
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	221,865	112,940	108,925
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	1,445	1,070	375
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	1,115	975	140
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	1,595	1,045	550
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	13,815	12,285	1,530
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	10,005	7,310	2,690
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	7,065	5,105	1,965
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	26,560	11,990	14,570
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	10,025	7,640	2,385
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	6,320	3,610	2,715
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	10,365	4,235	6,130
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	4,390	2,455	1,935
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	17,540	9,885	7,655
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	230	90	140
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	11,680	6,815	4,865
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	17,535	5,930	11,600
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	28,990	5,410	23,580
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	4,835	2,495	2,345
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	16,120	6,840	9,285
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	8,850	3,785	5,065
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	23,370	13,970	9,395
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	209,420	105,890	103,530
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	13,585	6,565	7,010
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	1,045	710	325
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	22,220	16,365	5,855
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	172,585	82,250	90,340
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	172,585	82,250	90,335
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	166,460	78,615	87,840
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	155	105	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	4,155	2,315	1,835
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	1,820	1,215	605
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	194,800	98,610	96,190
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	137,130	73,100	64,030
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	14,265	5,220	9,045
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	22,975	9,955	13,015
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	15,935	7,500	8,430
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	1,965	1,310	655
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	2,535	1,525	1,010
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	194,800	98,610	96,190
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	48,595	22,265	26,335
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	79,445	41,265	38,180
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	42,835	22,665	20,170
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	13,960	6,945	7,020
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	9,960	5,470	4,490
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	194,805	98,610	96,190
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	9,340	6,045	3,295
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	38,000	22,710	15,295
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	58,985	29,475	29,510
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	41,875	17,975	23,905
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	19,595	8,615	10,980
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	27,000	13,790	13,210
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	241,390	121,770	119,620
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	239,880	121,140	118,740
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	239,140	120,740	118,400
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	237,620	120,350	117,270
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	1,520	390	1,130
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	740	395	340
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	740	400	340
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	155	110	40
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	150	110	35
Amharic	200	95	100	10	0	10
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	125	100	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	20	15	10
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	200	110	95
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	30	15	10
Baltic languages	95	35	60	10	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	10	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	25	20	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	30	20	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	40	20	20
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	10	10	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	50	30	15
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	20	20	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	20	15	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	10	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	30	10	15
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	30	15	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	75	35	45
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	10	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	30	10	15
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	40	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	25	10	15
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	30	10	20
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	30	0	25
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	15	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	10	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	280	150	130
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	280	150	130
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	65	35	25
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	205	100	100
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	15	15	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	10	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	1,510	630	880
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	915	330	585
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	560	280	275
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	30	15	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	241,390	121,770	119,620
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	230,965	116,690	114,270
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	1,330	460	870
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	7,045	3,575	3,465
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	1,905	955	950
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	1,875	940	935
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	10	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	0	0	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	150	85	60
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	393,840	190,960	202,880
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	335,125	162,405	172,720
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	58,715	28,550	30,160
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	41,640	20,275	21,365
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	17,070	8,275	8,795
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	12,075	5,790	6,285
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	4,120	1,835	2,285
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	7,950	3,950	4,005
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	5,000	2,490	2,505
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	377,835	182,825	195,010
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	227,440	109,710	117,730
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	150,395	73,115	77,285
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	99,295	48,135	51,160
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	51,100	24,980	26,125
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	36,440	17,330	19,110
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	12,010	5,400	6,605
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	24,435	11,920	12,505
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	14,660	7,650	7,010