Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Okanagan-Similkameen, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Okanagan-Similkameen, RD British Columbia [Census division]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Okanagan-Similkameen, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	83,022	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	80,742	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	42,894	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	37,673	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	8.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	10,411.68	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	83,025	39,835	43,185
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	9,565	4,875	4,700
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	2,840	1,420	1,420
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	3,300	1,665	1,635
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	3,430	1,785	1,645
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	47,675	22,835	24,840
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	3,845	1,920	1,930
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	3,145	1,615	1,525
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	3,235	1,625	1,615
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	3,705	1,795	1,915
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	3,680	1,810	1,870
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	3,940	1,865	2,080
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	4,510	2,140	2,375
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	6,110	2,805	3,305
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	7,645	3,535	4,105
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	7,855	3,730	4,125
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	25,780	12,130	13,645
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	7,860	3,805	4,055
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	6,005	2,915	3,085
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	4,725	2,260	2,470
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	3,505	1,725	1,785
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	3,680	1,435	2,245
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	2,265	970	1,295
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	1,080	370	710
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	290	85	205
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	45	15	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	11.5	12.2	10.9
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	57.4	57.3	57.5
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	31.1	30.5	31.6
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	4.4	3.6	5.2
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	49.9	49.1	50.7
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	54.8	54.2	55.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	37,675	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	23,195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	950	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	11,135	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	1,070	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	2,540	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	1,325	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	6,015	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	185	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	2,390	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	37,670	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	11,910	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	16,550	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	4,270	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	3,165	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	1,780	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	80,440	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	73,455	34,965	38,485
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	44,495	22,210	22,280
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	37,155	18,545	18,605
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	7,340	3,660	3,675
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	28,960	12,755	16,200
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	14,205	7,750	6,455
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	2,205	990	1,220
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	6,155	2,530	3,625
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	6,390	1,490	4,905
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	25,025	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	17,055	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	3,915	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	2,950	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	1,100	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	25,025	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	21,665	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	17,995	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	3,665	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	3,360	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	2,630	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	21,665	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	14,870	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	6,795	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	3,035	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	2,730	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	1,035	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	3,360	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	2,190	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	880	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	16,890	7,555	9,335
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	37,675	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	23,745	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	14,280	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	9,465	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	620	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	13,305	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	11,910	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	1,400	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	81,675	39,355	42,315
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	76,020	36,865	39,160
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	40	25	15
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	4,960	2,200	2,765
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	650	265	375
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	81,670	39,355	42,315
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	79,485	38,330	41,155
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	1,415	690	720
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	140	70	70
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	635	260	370
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	1,485	730	755
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.8	1.9	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	81,675	39,355	42,315
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	80,895	39,000	41,895
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	71,145	34,420	36,725
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	69,605	33,685	35,915
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	1,545	735	810
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	9,750	4,580	5,165
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	140	60	80
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	15	5	10
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	5	5	5
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	5	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	5	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	0	5	5
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	5	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	110	50	65
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	105	45	60
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	5
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	5	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	5	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	9,610	4,520	5,085
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	100	55	50
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	5	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	0	0	0
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	100	50	45
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	0	5	5
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	70	40	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	20	10	10
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	10	5	5
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	95	40	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	10	5	10
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	90	35	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	360	110	245
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	10	0	10
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	5	0	0
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	10	5	10
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	310	100	210
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	5	0	5
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	20	15	10
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	0	0	0
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	10	5	5
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	10	5	5
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	10	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	8,105	3,905	4,205
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	25	15	10
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	1,020	435	590
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	10	5	5
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	0	0	0
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	5	5	5
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	1,015	430	585
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	5
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	10	5	5
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	110	50	60
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	135	60	75
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	5	0	5
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	165	60	105
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	160	65	95
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	35	20	20
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	5	5	0
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	60	20	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	40	10	30
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	270	120	150
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	15	10	10
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	10	5	5
Welsh	1,075	495	575	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	3,040	1,445	1,595
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	100	45	50
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	125	60	70
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	590	290	300
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	10	5	5
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	2,090	990	1,100
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	5	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	35	20	20
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	75	30	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	15	5	10
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	5	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	75	45	30
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	2,440	1,225	1,210
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	2,380	1,195	1,190
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	10	5	5
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	10	5	0
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	70	35	30
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	5	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	0	0	0
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	10	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	2,265	1,130	1,130
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	10	5	5
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	10	5	5
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	60	35	25
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	0	0	0
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	60	35	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	1,485	730	755
Catalan	865	440	425	0	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	325	175	145
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	780	375	405
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	35	15	15
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	345	160	190
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	5	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	105	35	70
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	115	50	60
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	15	5	10
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	0	0	0
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	0	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	5
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	0	0	0
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	0	0	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	0	0	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	0	0	0
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	0	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	20	15	10
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	20	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	260	115	150
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	255	110	145
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	140	60	80
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	0	0	5
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	70	30	40
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	10	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	35	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	5	0	5
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	0	5	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	35	5	30
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	5	0	0
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	35	5	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	0	0	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	10	0	5
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	0	0	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	360	165	190
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	10	0	5
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	80	30	50
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	270	135	135
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	0	5	0
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	780	355	425
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	175	90	85
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	575	255	315
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	81,670	39,355	42,320
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	80,195	38,685	41,510
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	76,520	36,925	39,595
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	76,095	36,725	39,375
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	425	205	220
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	3,680	1,760	1,915
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	60	30	30
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	60	30	30
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	60	30	30
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	5	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	3,610	1,725	1,890
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	50	20	20
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	5	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	0	0	0
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	45	25	20
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	0	0	0
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	35	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	5	5	5
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	5
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	55	20	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	0	0	0
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	55	25	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	140	65	70
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	10	0	5
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	5	0	5
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	5	0	0
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	120	60	60
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	10	10	5
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	0	5	0
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	5	0	0
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	3,025	1,460	1,560
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	15	10	5
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	170	80	95
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	0	0	0
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	170	75	90
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	0	0	0
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	0	0	0
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	15	5	10
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	40	20	15
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	5	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	40	20	20
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	25	10	15
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	15	5	10
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	0	0	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	15	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	5	0	5
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	5	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	465	215	250
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	65	30	35
Danish	855	410	445	5	0	5
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	65	25	40
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	315	150	165
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	20	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	1,875	930	945
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	1,850	920	935
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	5	0	5
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	0	0	0
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	35	15	15
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	0	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	0	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	1,795	895	900
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	5	5	5
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	10	5	5
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	25	10	10
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	0	0	0
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	480	220	255
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	50	20	30
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	290	120	165
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	5	5	5
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	140	75	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	45	20	20
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	70	35	40
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	0	0
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	0	0	0
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	15	10	10
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	120	60	65
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	125	55	70
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	65	30	35
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	40	20	25
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	15	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	0	0	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	20	5	20
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	20	5	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	10	5	5
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	55	25	35
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	15	5	10
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	1,475	670	810
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	95	45	50
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	1,370	620	750
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	15	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	81,670	39,355	42,315
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	76,680	37,050	39,630
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	1,610	785	830
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	685	315	370
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	2,630	1,185	1,450
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	215	95	120
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	2,415	1,090	1,325
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	10	5	5
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	20	5	10
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	70,910	33,930	36,980
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	69,465	33,295	36,170
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	29,914	36,235	25,575
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	69,540	33,340	36,195
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	27,306	32,135	24,046
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	62,230	30,205	32,025
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	25,051	31,544	20,265
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	53,430	24,090	29,330
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	10,165	11,210	9,354
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	46,540	23,315	23,220
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	23,958	28,944	20,541
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	70,910	33,855	37,060
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	69,540	33,230	36,310
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	40,597	48,679	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	69,615	33,275	36,340
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	34,648	40,508	29,283
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	62,325	30,235	32,090
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	37,019	45,392	29,131
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	53,430	24,105	29,325
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	9,652	10,169	9,227
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	46,540	23,200	23,335
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	34,333	40,914	27,789
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	70,910	33,855	37,055
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	16,450	9,020	7,435
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	47,885	54,266	42,627
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	55,751	62,511	47,555
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	81.6	84.9	77.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	57.8	60.7	53.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	18.4	15.1	22.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	70,910	33,930	36,980
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	1,445	635	805
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	69,470	33,295	36,170
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	98.0	98.1	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	8,710	3,570	5,135
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	14,250	5,530	8,720
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	11,860	4,920	6,935
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	9,240	4,130	5,115
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	7,220	3,640	3,585
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	5,125	2,800	2,325
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	3,635	2,255	1,380
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	2,530	1,615	915
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	1,870	1,200	665
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	1,335	860	480
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	3,675	2,765	915
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	2,560	1,905	655
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	1,115	860	260
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	70,910	33,930	36,980
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	1,370	585	785
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	69,540	33,345	36,195
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	98.1	98.3	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	9,280	3,820	5,465
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	14,970	5,995	8,975
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	13,855	5,820	8,035
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	10,340	4,865	5,475
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	7,305	3,825	3,480
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	4,750	2,885	1,870
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	3,100	1,965	1,135
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	2,155	1,415	740
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	3,780	2,755	1,025
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	1,225	840	380
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	765	580	185
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	1,795	1,335	460
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	70,910	33,925	36,980
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	24,375	10,610	13,760
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	46,535	23,320	23,220
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	65.6	68.7	62.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	10,605	5,100	5,500
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	4,020	1,790	2,230
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	6,475	2,765	3,710
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	5,360	2,225	3,140
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	4,660	2,060	2,600
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	3,930	1,850	2,075
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	2,880	1,575	1,305
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	2,240	1,415	830
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	1,690	1,055	635
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	4,680	3,480	1,195
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	1,280	835	440
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	940	660	285
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	2,460	1,990	470
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	37,675	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	57,069	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	51,289	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	11,910	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	28,900	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	26,740	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	25,760	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	74,113	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	65,862	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	37,675	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	74,937	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	64,026	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	11,930	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	37,721	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	32,884	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	25,740	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	92,185	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	78,459	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	37,675	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	480	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	435	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	1,210	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	2,085	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	2,245	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	1,870	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	2,270	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	2,130	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,945	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,775	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	3,290	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	2,890	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	2,570	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	2,085	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	1,845	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	8,555	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	3,385	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	1,950	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	1,895	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	1,325	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	37,675	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	550	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	445	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	1,215	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	2,145	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	2,595	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	2,205	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	2,635	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	2,355	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	2,200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	1,980	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	3,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	3,235	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	2,645	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	2,065	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	1,820	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	5,900	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	2,765	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	1,435	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	1,700	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	24,730	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	73,929	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	65,668	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	14,040	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	68,394	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	60,961	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	6,855	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	104,930	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	91,003	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	3,130	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	44,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	42,035	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	24,730	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	92,254	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	78,354	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	14,100	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	81,697	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	69,818	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	6,840	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	131,091	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	109,291	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	3,115	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	53,157	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	47,461	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	15,290	6,900	8,390
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	27,204	28,237	26,726
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	25,494	26,014	25,116
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	15,265	6,775	8,495
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	35,488	37,648	33,765
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	31,078	32,401	30,023
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	80,440	38,775	41,665
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	45,730	21,275	24,450
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	8,610	4,075	4,535
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	10,415	4,585	5,825
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	9,285	4,260	5,030
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	8,695	4,170	4,525
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	8,725	4,185	4,540
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	34,715	17,500	17,210
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	8,495	4,180	4,320
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	7,445	3,690	3,755
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	6,950	3,530	3,420
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	6,300	3,240	3,060
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	5,525	2,865	2,655
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	77,590	37,395	40,195
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	11,380	5,755	5,630
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	3,310	1,660	1,650
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	43,310	20,660	22,650
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	22,895	10,980	11,915
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	12,720	5,700	7,025
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	2,285	1,160	1,130
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	695	330	360
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	6,700	3,020	3,680
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	3,735	1,520	2,215
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	16.4	15.2	17.5
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	20.1	20.2	20.1
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	21.0	19.9	21.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	15.5	14.6	16.2
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	16.3	13.8	18.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	5,320	2,605	2,710
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	960	470	495
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	285	135	155
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	3,900	1,955	1,945
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	460	190	270
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	6.9	7.0	6.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	8.4	8.2	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	8.6	8.1	9.4
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	9.0	9.5	8.6
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	2.0	1.7	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	80,440	38,775	41,665
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	79,810	38,545	41,260
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	79,770	38,520	41,255
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	4,935	2,195	2,745
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	11,930	5,405	6,525
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	470	210	265
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	30	0	25
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	25	10	25
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	15	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	10	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	10	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	10	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	425	195	235
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	10
Okanagan	820	370	450	420	195	225
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	10	10	10
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	11,465	5,200	6,265
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	65	35	30
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	10	0	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	60	25	35
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	0	0	0
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	55	25	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	0	0	0
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	10	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	100	55	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	10	0	10
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	90	50	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	460	115	345
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	15	0	15
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	15	0	10
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	0	0	0
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	50	30	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	390	85	305
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	15	10	10
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	30	20	10
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	0	10	0
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	10	10	10
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	10	10	0
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	10	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	9,775	4,550	5,225
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	35	20	20
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	0	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	1,025	450	575
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	0	0	10
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	10	0	10
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	0	0	0
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	1,020	450	565
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	10	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	0	0	10
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	10	0	10
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	110	65	50
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	145	65	75
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	0	0	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	275	100	175
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	225	80	145
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	25	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	10	10	0
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	65	20	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	30	10	15
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	205	120	90
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	20	10	10
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	25	10	15
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	20	0	10
Welsh	1,690	830	860	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	0	0	0
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	3,310	1,525	1,790
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	160	70	95
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	125	65	60
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	580	245	335
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	10	0	15
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	2,440	1,135	1,305
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	45	25	20
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	55	30	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	10	10	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	10
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	55	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	2,730	1,375	1,360
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	2,670	1,340	1,325
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	10	0	0
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	10	10	0
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	230	120	115
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	0	10	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	0	0	0
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	2,555	1,280	1,275
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	0	0	0
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	45	25	20
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	65	30	35
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	0	0	0
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	65	30	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	2,890	1,305	1,590
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	520	270	250
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	895	395	500
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	25	20	10
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	1,575	695	885
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	0	0	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	140	50	90
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	120	50	75
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	25	15	10
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	0	0	0
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	0	0	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	0	0	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	0	0	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	15	10	0
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	100	45	50
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	30	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	75	35	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	285	135	150
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	280	135	145
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	135	70	65
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	0	0	0
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	155	70	85
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	0	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	40	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	0	0	0
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	50	20	35
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	0	0	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	45	15	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	0	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	25	10	15
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	390	155	235
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	10	0	10
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	65	30	35
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	315	125	185
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	80,440	38,775	41,665
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	77,670	37,450	40,220
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	11,635	6,010	5,625
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	66,035	31,440	34,590
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	2,775	1,325	1,450
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	80,440	38,780	41,665
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	68,195	33,050	35,140
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	11,930	5,560	6,375
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	6,850	3,320	3,535
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	1,290	535	750
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	1,540	635	905
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	1,565	720	840
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	730	340	390
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	830	385	450
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	685	340	340
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	320	170	150
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	11,930	5,560	6,375
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	1,215	615	600
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	1,890	895	1,000
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	3,330	1,470	1,860
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	4,420	2,120	2,300
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	1,075	465	610
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	11,930	5,560	6,375
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	1,585	650	935
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	40	10	30
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	20	0	15
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	60	35	20
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	10	0	10
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	10	0	10
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	35	10	30
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	105	35	75
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	20	0	20
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	15	10	10
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	1,070	450	625
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	205	100	105
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	6,960	3,400	3,555
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	25	15	10
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	65	40	30
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	115	75	45
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	1,135	520	615
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	35	25	10
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	215	95	120
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	75	30	45
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	265	160	100
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	505	250	250
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	230	80	155
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	665	315	350
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	70	45	25
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	25	10	20
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	30	10	20
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	70	25	45
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	2,530	1,235	1,290
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	905	480	430
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	365	160	210
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	0	0	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	35	10	30
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	0	0	0
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	10	10	10
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	0	0	0
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	10	10	0
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	230	95	140
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	80	45	40
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	2,760	1,195	1,560
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	10	10	0
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	160	80	80
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	65	30	30
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	1,725	835	890
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	35	25	15
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	25	10	15
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	50	10	45
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	100	40	60
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	0	0	0
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	25	15	10
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	360	65	295
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	0	0	0
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	10	0	10
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	60	30	25
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	145	55	90
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	270	155	110
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	685	340	345
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	90	40	50
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	10	0	0
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	0	0	0
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	0	0	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	0	0	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	30	15	10
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	45	20	25
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	10	10	10
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	185	110	75
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	0	0	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	50	45	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	10	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	0	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	0	0	0
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	0	0	0
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	45	25	20
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	80	35	40
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	25	20	10
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	0	0	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	10	10	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	0	0	0
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	20	10	10
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	10	0	0
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	340	140	205
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	0	0	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	20	10	10
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	190	95	95
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	0	0	0
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	0	0	0
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	10	0	15
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	15	0	10
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	0	0	0
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	10	0	10
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	0	0	10
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	90	25	70
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	0	0	0
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	0	0	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	0	0	0
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	45	35	10
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	40	30	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	80,445	38,775	41,665
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	12,770	5,990	6,775
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	17,470	8,560	8,910
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	50,205	24,225	25,980
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	5,305	2,345	2,955
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	1,875	865	1,010
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	945	550	395
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	930	315	615
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	3,075	1,305	1,770
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	300	165	135
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	50	10	35
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	80,445	38,780	41,665
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	6,145	2,840	3,305
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	5,980	2,760	3,225
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	3,360	1,520	1,845
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	2,555	1,190	1,365
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	70	50	20
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	115	70	50
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	45	15	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	74,300	35,940	38,360
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	80,440	38,780	41,665
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	2,435	1,130	1,310
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	78,005	37,650	40,360
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	80,445	38,775	41,665
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	1,620	780	840
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	1,600	765	830
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	1,270	595	675
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	310	150	160
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	20	20	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	25	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	5,470	2,495	2,970
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	5,290	2,440	2,850
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	3,135	1,415	1,730
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	2,090	990	1,105
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	65	45	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	175	50	125
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	180	55	125
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	73,350	35,500	37,850
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	80,445	38,775	41,665
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	5,440	2,505	2,935
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	2,950	1,455	1,495
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	490	235	250
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	240	80	155
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	505	150	360
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	270	110	160
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	50	20	25
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	230	110	120
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	65	30	35
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	135	55	80
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	315	140	175
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	75	30	40
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	120	70	45
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	75,005	36,275	38,725
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	80,445	38,780	41,665
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	7,090	3,270	3,815
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	4,605	2,075	2,530
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	80	65	15
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	2,605	1,200	1,400
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	20,240	9,695	10,545
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	115	55	60
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	1,550	785	765
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	19,080	9,105	9,970
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	60	30	25
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	0	0	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	30	15	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	10	0	10
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	66,060	31,720	34,335
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	44,035	21,080	22,960
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	25	10	15
Cornish	1,975	995	975	10	0	10
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	28,345	13,480	14,870
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	15,055	6,755	8,300
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	30	10	15
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	18,775	8,915	9,855
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	2,510	1,185	1,325
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	2,090	940	1,150
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	9,260	4,195	5,065
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	10	0	10
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	9,260	4,195	5,070
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	20,585	9,785	10,800
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	1,295	645	655
Bavarian	940	485	455	15	10	10
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	445	215	230
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	4,600	2,180	2,420
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	30	25	10
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	15,090	7,040	8,050
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	30	10	20
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	835	455	380
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	15	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	8,195	3,750	4,445
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	1,275	615	660
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	705	350	350
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	635	250	380
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	3,440	1,590	1,850
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	2,685	1,230	1,460
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	325	145	180
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	12,615	6,040	6,575
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	25	0	20
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	40	15	20
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	455	225	230
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	165	55	110
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	85	40	50
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	1,620	715	905
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	120	80	45
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	120	65	55
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	10	0	0
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	2,970	1,350	1,620
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	595	305	295
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	2,630	1,240	1,385
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	275	140	135
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	5,425	2,675	2,750
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	40	10	35
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	5,930	2,890	3,040
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	30	20	10
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	0	0	0
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	455	235	215
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	0	0	0
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	280	145	135
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	2,830	1,375	1,455
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	10	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	10	0	0
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	30	10	15
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	10	15	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	1,690	835	855
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	100	60	35
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	10	10	10
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	75	30	45
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	610	235	375
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	145	80	65
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	495	205	295
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	0	10	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	175	60	120
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	10	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	0	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	300	125	170
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	185	90	100
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	0	10	0
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	0	0	0
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	0	0	0
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	10	10	0
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	10	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	10	0	0
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	65	35	30
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	0	0	0
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	35	0	35
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	40	20	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	45	20	20
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	710	330	380
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	30	15	20
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	25	15	10
Belizean	1,755	915	845	0	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	10	0	10
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	50	0	40
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	30	25	10
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	15	10	10
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	0	0	0
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	30	15	10
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	0	0	0
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	0	0	0
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	0	0	0
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	25	10	15
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	330	160	170
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	15	10	10
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	25	0	20
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	10	0	10
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	15	0	15
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	95	65	25
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	10	0	10
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	30	0	25
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	485	200	285
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	25	15	10
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	0	0	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	0	0	0
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	0	0	0
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	0	0	0
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	0	0	0
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	20	15	10
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	45	15	25
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	0	0	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	0	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	10	0	10
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	30	10	20
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	0	0	0
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	0	0	0
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	0	0	0
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	0	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	190	75	115
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	0	0	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	0	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	0	0	0
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	10	10	0
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	10	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	0	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	0	0	0
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	160	55	100
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	0	0	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	0	0	0
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	0	0	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	0	0	0
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	235	90	140
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	65	15	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	170	70	95
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	5,310	2,500	2,810
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	340	180	160
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	30	20	15
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	65	35	30
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	0	0	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	15	15	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	80	40	40
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	15	0	10
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	0	0	0
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	0	0	0
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	50	40	15
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	0	0	0
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	0	0	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	35	10	25
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	10	0	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	40	20	20
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	0	0	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	2,950	1,455	1,500
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	0	0	0
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	0	0	0
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	2,510	1,225	1,285
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	10	0	10
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	10	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	10	10	10
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	60	25	35
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	395	205	185
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	0	0	10
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	15	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	30	15	20
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	2,020	875	1,145
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	25	10	20
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	680	350	335
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	575	175	395
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	70	30	45
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	375	165	210
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	140	55	85
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	10	10	0
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	10	10	10
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	25	20	0
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	15	0	10
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	0	0	0
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	50	20	30
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	135	80	55
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	15	0	15
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	15	10	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	15	10	10
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	410	215	190
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	230	120	110
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	75	45	35
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	110	60	55
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	25	10	10
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	30	15	20
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	15	10	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	15	10	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	20	10	15
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	37,670	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	27,675	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	9,955	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	37,670	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	5,965	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	31,705	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	37,670	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	205	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	4,030	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	12,995	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	11,550	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	8,890	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	37,670	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	9,535	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	6,755	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	5,640	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	4,650	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	11,095	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	37,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	37,425	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	37,675	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	36,715	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	37,675	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	6,610	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	11,880	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	5,635	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	6,880	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	2,180	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	2,815	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	1,675	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	37,670	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	35,170	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	2,500	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	37,675	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	22,110	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	14,855	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	710	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	37,670	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	640	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	2,910	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	3,820	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	5,865	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	8,870	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	8,315	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	5,160	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	2,100	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	35,400	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	26,800	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	8,595	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	7,720	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	25,615	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	48.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	15.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	658	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	970	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	374,975	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	418,292	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	9,815	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	13.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	47.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	904	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	999	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	70,910	33,850	37,055
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	13,335	6,865	6,465
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	21,415	9,675	11,740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	36,165	17,310	18,855
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	8,880	6,405	2,480
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	3,595	1,975	1,625
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	5,285	4,430	855
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	15,185	5,480	9,695
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	2,195	785	1,415
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	9,900	4,640	5,260
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	6,385	2,865	3,520
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	735	340	400
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	465	310	160
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	2,040	935	1,105
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	275	190	80
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	40,090	18,900	21,190
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	4,880	2,810	2,070
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	12,045	5,705	6,340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	23,165	10,385	12,780
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	5,025	3,630	1,395
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	2,055	1,115	935
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	2,970	2,510	455
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	10,075	3,435	6,645
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	1,280	430	845
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	6,785	2,890	3,890
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	4,475	1,880	2,605
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	535	240	300
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	325	190	135
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	1,325	510	810
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	125	85	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	70,910	33,850	37,060
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	34,745	16,540	18,205
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	3,010	915	2,095
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	3,005	915	2,090
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	1,045	425	620
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	270	180	90
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	775	240	530
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	1,435	615	825
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	110	15	90
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	335	125	205
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	465	175	285
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	70	35	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	205	120	85
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	210	120	90
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	40	10	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	2,720	855	1,865
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	25	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	175	70	105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	750	60	685
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	445	140	300
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	50	15	30
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	525	135	385
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	760	415	345
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	6,465	2,155	4,305
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	35	0	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	480	70	410
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	5,945	2,080	3,860
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	980	545	430
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	455	235	225
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	190	100	90
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	235	180	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	95	35	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	580	330	250
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	400	270	130
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	95	10	90
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	65	35	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	20	20	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	8,470	7,900	570
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	140	95	50
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	625	565	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	1,400	1,175	225
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	2,375	2,280	95
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	2,625	2,520	105
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	1,300	1,255	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	1,290	815	475
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	830	465	360
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	465	350	110
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	7,155	1,290	5,865
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	565	285	275
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	6,460	925	5,540
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	125	80	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	3,010	1,470	1,545
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	2,030	600	1,425
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	45	45	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	315	260	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	630	555	70
Other	3,170	885	2,280	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	40,090	18,900	21,190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	16,925	8,520	8,410
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	1,705	430	1,275
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	1,705	430	1,280
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	645	215	425
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	130	75	55
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	515	140	375
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	975	390	580
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	70	10	70
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	220	75	145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	345	145	205
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	50	25	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	105	55	50
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	160	85	70
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	20	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	1,930	555	1,375
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	20	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	150	55	95
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	505	30	475
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	335	85	250
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	30	10	15
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	345	70	280
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	545	295	250
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	4,140	1,295	2,850
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	25	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	350	55	295
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	3,770	1,235	2,530
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	645	330	315
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	325	145	180
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	125	65	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	145	115	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	50	10	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	440	260	180
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	340	230	105
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	55	10	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	30	10	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	15	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	5,020	4,585	430
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	90	45	40
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	365	320	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	860	685	175
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	1,450	1,370	80
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	1,520	1,445	75
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	735	715	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	915	550	365
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	570	320	250
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	340	230	105
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	4,840	850	3,990
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	420	200	220
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	4,310	585	3,730
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	105	70	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	1,915	925	990
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	1,280	405	875
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	240	195	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	385	315	70
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	70,910	33,855	37,060
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	34,745	16,540	18,205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	36,160	17,310	18,855
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	31,185	14,685	16,505
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	21,615	9,970	11,645
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	9,570	4,715	4,860
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	4,980	2,630	2,350
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	1,340	805	530
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	185	40	145
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	335	175	160
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	975	500	475
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	45	15	25
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	45	35	10
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	2,050	1,050	1,005
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	40,090	18,900	21,190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	16,925	8,515	8,410
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	23,165	10,380	12,780
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	20,600	9,130	11,465
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	15,105	6,595	8,515
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	5,490	2,540	2,950
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	2,565	1,250	1,315
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	720	410	315
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	140	40	100
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	295	145	155
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	370	160	205
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	40	15	25
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	30	15	10
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	975	465	510
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	70,910	33,850	37,060
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	38,320	19,455	18,865
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	35,085	17,630	17,455
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	3,235	1,825	1,410
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	32,590	14,395	18,190
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	54.0	57.5	50.9
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	49.5	52.1	47.1
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	8.4	9.4	7.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	70,910	33,850	37,060
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	29,530	13,020	16,510
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	41,380	20,830	20,545
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	17,000	9,340	7,665
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	24,380	11,495	12,885
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	40.1	40.5	39.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	38,320	19,455	18,865
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	560	285	275
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	37,760	19,165	18,590
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	31,095	15,250	15,845
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	6,665	3,915	2,745
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	38,320	19,455	18,870
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	565	280	280
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	37,755	19,165	18,590
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	4,650	2,805	1,845
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	4,850	1,120	3,730
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	1,635	1,220	415
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	2,995	575	2,415
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	3,285	975	2,310
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	895	385	510
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	9,555	3,660	5,895
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	6,350	5,900	450
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	2,185	1,535	655
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	1,355	995	360
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	38,320	19,455	18,870
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	560	285	275
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	37,760	19,170	18,590
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	2,900	1,790	1,110
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	785	685	95
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	145	105	35
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	3,560	3,145	420
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	2,745	2,045	695
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	945	640	305
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	4,715	2,060	2,650
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	1,245	865	385
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	430	220	215
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	995	305	690
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	840	435	400
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	1,770	865	905
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	30	20	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	1,370	800	560
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	1,975	645	1,325
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	4,980	870	4,110
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	955	520	430
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	3,705	1,425	2,280
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	1,690	705	985
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	1,995	1,015	980
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	35,085	17,630	17,455
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	3,845	1,895	1,950
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	125	65	60
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	4,540	3,375	1,165
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	26,570	12,285	14,280
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	26,570	12,290	14,280
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	15,370	6,750	8,620
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	9,225	4,370	4,855
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	1,595	915	680
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	380	255	120
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	31,110	15,665	15,445
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	24,550	12,480	12,075
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	2,070	895	1,170
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	400	155	245
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	2,815	1,245	1,570
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	510	340	165
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	765	550	215
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	31,110	15,665	15,445
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	16,885	7,725	9,160
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	8,785	4,540	4,240
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	2,820	1,695	1,125
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	1,205	730	475
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	1,415	975	440
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	31,110	15,665	15,445
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	1,925	1,460	470
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	6,080	3,875	2,205
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	7,845	4,150	3,695
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	7,185	2,535	4,650
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	3,795	1,435	2,360
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	4,280	2,215	2,065
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	42,870	21,530	21,340
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	42,555	21,365	21,185
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	42,140	21,135	21,000
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	42,060	21,105	20,955
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	80	35	45
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	415	230	185
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	10	10	10
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	10	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	405	225	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	0	0	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	0	0	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	375	205	165
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	10	0	0
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	10	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	10
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	0	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	10	0	10
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	340	190	150
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	340	185	155
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	340	190	150
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	20	10	15
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	10	0	10
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	15	10	10
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	0	0	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	20	15	0
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	20	15	0
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	10	0	0
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	0	0	0
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	10	0	10
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	310	165	150
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	70	30	40
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	245	135	110
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	42,865	21,530	21,335
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	41,490	20,875	20,615
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	245	125	120
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	435	240	200
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	655	275	375
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	80	15	65
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	575	265	310
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	10	10	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	35	20	15
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	79,850	38,460	41,390
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	67,980	32,765	35,220
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	11,865	5,695	6,170
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	5,345	2,560	2,780
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	6,520	3,130	3,385
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	6,175	3,010	3,165
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	4,505	2,160	2,345
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	1,675	850	820
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	345	120	220
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	77,630	37,340	40,290
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	46,530	22,380	24,150
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	31,095	14,960	16,140
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	12,480	6,095	6,385
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	18,620	8,865	9,755
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	17,670	8,400	9,260
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	12,780	6,065	6,720
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	4,885	2,340	2,545
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	950	465	490