Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Hamilton, Census division [Census division], Ontario

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Sex Information - Sex

Age groups Information - Age

The table shows aboriginal identities (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers), by sex and age groups.
Characteristic	Hamilton, CDR Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Hamilton, Census division [Census division], Ontario Map : Hamilton, Census division [Census division], Ontario Related data - Hamilton, CDR
	Total - Sex, Total - Age groups
	Total - Population in private households by Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 1}	Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 2}	Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 3}	First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 4}	Métis	Inuk (Inuit)	Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 5}	Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 6}	Non-Aboriginal identity
Average age and median age
Total - Average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	527,930	12,135	11,655	8,445	3,080	125	185	290	515,800
Average age	40.8	33.2	33.0	32.0	36.1	27.1	28.0	41.1	40.9
Median age	41.0	31.3	31.2	29.8	35.8	28.3	26.0	45.6	41.2
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 7}	441,055	9,240	8,855	6,280	2,490	80	120	265	431,815
Married or living common law	244,935	3,955	3,790	2,565	1,195	30	65	95	240,985
Married	206,720	2,610	2,485	1,625	850	15	40	85	204,110
Living common law	38,215	1,340	1,305	940	345	15	30	15	36,870
Not married and not living common law	196,120	5,290	5,065	3,720	1,295	50	50	170	190,835
Never married	128,810	3,915	3,765	2,830	890	45	40	105	124,895
Separated	14,380	375	355	235	120	0	10	15	14,000
Divorced	28,165	690	640	465	180	0	10	35	27,475
Widowed	24,770	310	300	190	110	0	0	15	24,460
Family characteristics
Total - Family characteristics for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 8}	527,930	12,135	11,655	8,445	3,080	130	185	295	515,800
Married spouses and common-law partners	241,665	3,895	3,740	2,525	1,180	30	65	85	237,765
Married spouses	203,450	2,555	2,440	1,585	835	15	40	75	200,895
Common-law partners	38,215	1,345	1,300	940	340	15	30	15	36,870
Lone parents (in lone-parent census families)	28,520	1,095	1,050	790	250	10	15	30	27,425
Children in census families (as in sons, daughters or grandchildren)	168,570	4,980	4,805	3,635	1,120	55	95	80	163,595
Living with two biological or adoptive parents^{Census data footnote 9}	111,950	2,155	2,055	1,420	615	20	55	50	109,790
In an intact family^{Census data footnote 10}	107,845	1,930	1,840	1,260	560	15	50	40	105,920
In a complex stepfamily^{Census data footnote 11}	4,100	225	215	155	55	0	0	15	3,875
Living with one biological or adoptive parent and one step-parent	11,840	550	535	395	125	10	10	0	11,295
In a simple stepfamily^{Census data footnote 12}	6,560	295	285	230	60	0	10	0	6,260
In a complex stepfamily^{Census data footnote 13}	5,285	250	245	170	60	10	0	0	5,035
Living with one parent in a lone-parent census family^{Census data footnote 14}	43,410	2,180	2,130	1,755	355	15	30	25	41,230
With a male lone parent	7,500	380	360	290	65	0	15	10	7,125
With a female lone parent	35,905	1,800	1,770	1,460	290	20	15	15	34,105
Living with grandparents without parents present	1,370	90	85	65	20	0	0	0	1,275
With two grandparents without parents present	585	35	35	25	10	0	0	0	550
With one grandparent without parents present	780	60	55	35	15	0	0	0	725
Persons not in census families	89,175	2,165	2,060	1,495	535	30	10	95	87,010
Living with other relatives	11,830	310	290	220	75	0	10	15	11,520
Foster children	420	50	50	45	0	0	0	0	370
Living with non-relatives only or alone	76,925	1,805	1,725	1,235	460	25	0	80	75,120
Registered or Treaty Indian status
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 15}	527,930	12,135	11,660	8,445	3,080	125	190	290	515,800
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 16}	4,430	4,430	4,130	3,900	220	0	30	275	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	523,500	7,705	7,530	4,545	2,860	120	160	20	515,795
Aboriginal ancestry
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 17}	527,930	12,135	11,660	8,445	3,085	130	185	295	515,795
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 18}	2,435	2,150	2,110	1,850	245	15	15	25	290
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 19}	2,405	2,120	2,085	1,845	215	15	20	25	285
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 20}	2,125	1,885	1,865	1,835	25	0	10	10	240
Métis single ancestry	265	225	205	10	200	0	10	10	45
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	10	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 21}	35	30	30	0	25	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	25	30	0	25	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 22}	15,230	8,095	7,910	5,495	2,330	90	140	40	7,135
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 23}	14,970	7,880	7,715	5,465	2,170	85	120	40	7,095
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	11,875	6,010	5,895	5,430	460	10	75	45	5,865
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,910	1,775	1,730	25	1,700	0	45	0	1,140
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	185	100	100	15	0	80	0	0	85
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 24}	255	215	195	30	165	0	20	0	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	235	210	185	25	160	0	20	0	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 25}	510,265	1,890	1,635	1,105	510	25	30	230	508,375
Aboriginal ancestry responses
Total - Aboriginal ancestry responses for the population in private household - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 26}	527,935	12,130	11,655	8,445	3,080	125	185	295	515,800
Total Aboriginal ancestry^{Census data footnote 27}	17,665	10,245	10,020	7,345	2,570	105	155	65	7,420
First Nations ancestry	14,290	8,140	7,985	7,295	665	20	100	55	6,150
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	235	165	165	135	35	0	0	0	70
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 28}	30	30	25	25	0	0	0	0	10
Apache	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver (Dunne-za)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 29}	65	35	30	15	15	0	0	0	35
Blood (Kainai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier (Dakelh)	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	90	85	90	80	10	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	130	45	45	40	10	0	0	0	85
Chilcotin (Tsilhqot'in)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chipewyan (Denesuline)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cowichan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree	720	365	355	250	105	0	0	10	350
Dakota	15	15	20	15	0	0	0	0	0
Delaware (Lenape)	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dene Tha (Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 30}	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	60	25	15	15	0	0	10	0	35
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquois, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 31}	365	245	240	235	10	0	0	0	125
Kaska	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lakota	10	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	55	10	0	0	0	10	0	0	45
Mi'kmaq	1,215	635	620	515	105	0	0	0	580
Mohawk	1,185	935	890	830	60	0	35	10	255
Musqueam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Navajo	25	15	20	20	0	0	0	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nlaka'pamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuxalk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odawa	20	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	760	625	610	535	75	0	10	0	135
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan (Syilx)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	115	100	100	95	0	0	0	0	10
Potawatomi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sahtu (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 32}	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	25	25	25	25	0	0	0	0	0
Sechelt (Shishalh)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemc (Shuswap)	0	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sioux, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 33}	35	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	35
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St'at'imc (Lillooet)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sto:lo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney (Nakoda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 34}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wet'suwet'en	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations ancestry, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 35}	9,415	5,030	4,965	4,700	255	10	30	35	4,385
Métis ancestry	3,455	2,235	2,150	65	2,080	0	75	10	1,220
Inuit ancestry	215	115	120	15	10	95	0	0	95
Non-Aboriginal ancestry	525,490	9,985	9,545	6,600	2,840	110	170	270	515,510
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 36}	527,930	12,135	11,655	8,445	3,085	125	190	290	515,795
English only	487,355	11,090	10,660	8,035	2,510	115	165	270	476,255
French only	450	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	445
English and French	30,385	1,025	980	400	570	10	20	25	29,360
Neither English nor French	9,745	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	9,735
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 37}	527,930	12,135	11,655	8,445	3,085	130	185	290	515,795
English	509,660	11,780	11,315	8,335	2,855	120	180	285	497,880
French	6,805	340	325	110	215	0	10	10	6,465
English and French	1,865	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,860
Neither English nor French	9,600	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	9,595
Official language minority
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 38}	7,735	345	330	110	225	0	10	0	7,390
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 39}	1.5	2.8	2.8	1.3	7.3	0.0	5.4	0.0	1.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 40}	527,930	12,135	11,655	8,445	3,085	130	185	295	515,795
Official languages	406,675	12,085	11,610	8,405	3,085	120	190	285	394,590
English	399,630	11,710	11,245	8,275	2,850	115	175	285	387,920
French	8,350	460	445	165	270	0	10	10	7,890
Non-official languages	131,125	95	85	75	0	0	0	0	131,025
Aboriginal languages	70	60	55	50	0	10	0	0	15
Algonquian languages	20	20	20	20	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	10	15	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	10	0	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	10	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	40	25	25	15	10	0	0	0	10
Cayuga	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	30	20	20	15	10	0	0	0	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	131,050	35	30	30	0	10	0	10	131,015
Language spoken at home
Total - Language spoken at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 41}	527,930	12,135	11,655	8,445	3,085	130	185	295	515,800
Official languages	494,915	12,105	11,630	8,420	3,080	125	185	290	482,805
English	493,425	12,085	11,610	8,420	3,070	125	185	295	481,340
French	8,680	385	370	95	275	0	10	10	8,300
Non-official languages	118,710	260	250	215	30	10	0	0	118,460
Aboriginal languages	150	140	140	130	0	10	0	0	15
Algonquian languages	80	70	70	70	0	0	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	60	60	55	60	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	55	55	50	55	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	60	60	60	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	50	50	50	45	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	118,560	115	110	80	30	10	0	10	118,440
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 42}	527,935	12,135	11,660	8,445	3,080	130	185	295	515,800
Official languages	518,185	12,125	11,645	8,440	3,080	125	185	295	506,060
English	517,730	12,115	11,640	8,435	3,085	125	185	290	505,615
French	30,835	1,030	985	405	570	10	20	20	29,805
Non-official languages	151,090	440	425	345	75	10	10	0	150,650
Aboriginal languages	225	200	200	190	0	10	0	0	25
Algonquian languages	95	85	85	85	0	0	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	20	20	20	0	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	15	10	15	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	65	60	60	60	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	60	55	55	50	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	10	0	0	10	0	0	10
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	115	105	105	105	0	0	0	0	10
Cayuga	35	35	35	35	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	95	90	85	85	0	0	0	0	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	150,870	245	230	155	70	0	10	10	150,625
Mobility status
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago for the population aged 1 year and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 43}	522,365	11,990	11,520	8,340	3,065	120	185	290	510,365
Non-movers	460,065	10,030	9,620	6,880	2,655	90	160	250	450,035
Movers	62,295	1,965	1,900	1,460	410	30	25	45	60,335
Non-migrants	40,580	1,500	1,455	1,155	280	20	20	25	39,080
Migrants	21,720	465	440	310	125	10	0	25	21,250
Internal migrants	17,040	455	430	300	120	10	0	20	16,580
Intraprovincial migrants	15,315	420	400	285	105	10	0	25	14,895
Interprovincial migrants	1,720	35	30	20	15	0	0	0	1,685
External migrants	4,680	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	4,675
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago for the population aged 5 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	499,655	11,220	10,775	7,760	2,910	105	165	280	488,430
Non-movers	320,155	5,885	5,610	3,925	1,650	35	105	170	314,275
Movers	179,495	5,340	5,165	3,840	1,265	70	60	110	174,150
Non-migrants	113,675	3,940	3,810	2,885	880	45	55	70	109,735
Migrants	65,825	1,400	1,360	950	380	25	0	40	64,415
Internal migrants	50,675	1,375	1,330	930	375	20	0	40	49,295
Intraprovincial migrants	46,215	1,190	1,145	805	325	15	0	40	45,025
Interprovincial migrants	4,460	185	185	130	50	10	0	0	4,275
External migrants	15,150	25	25	15	10	0	0	0	15,125
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	441,060	9,240	8,855	6,280	2,490	80	120	265	431,820
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	98,230	3,320	3,225	2,445	760	20	30	65	94,910
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate, no postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	87,880	2,980	2,890	2,195	680	10	30	65	84,895
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate, with postsecondary certificate or diploma^{Census data footnote 46}	10,350	335	335	245	85	10	0	0	10,015
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate	342,830	5,925	5,630	3,840	1,730	65	95	200	336,900
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate, no postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	125,445	2,660	2,525	1,775	725	30	50	85	122,785
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate, with postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 47}	217,380	3,260	3,105	2,065	1,005	35	45	115	214,120
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	441,055	9,240	8,855	6,285	2,490	80	125	265	431,815
No certificate, diploma or degree	87,875	2,980	2,885	2,200	680	10	30	65	84,900
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 49}	125,445	2,660	2,530	1,775	720	30	50	85	122,785
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30,605	615	585	420	165	0	0	20	29,990
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 50}	14,475	380	365	285	75	0	10	15	14,095
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 51}	16,125	230	225	135	90	0	0	0	15,895
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	99,070	2,085	2,000	1,355	615	30	20	65	96,985
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,155	125	120	100	20	0	10	0	8,030
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	89,905	775	730	445	280	10	15	30	89,135
Bachelor's degree	60,000	525	495	315	185	0	10	25	59,470
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Census data footnote 52}	29,910	250	235	125	95	0	10	0	29,660
Major field of study
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	441,055	9,240	8,855	6,285	2,490	85	120	265	431,815
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 54}	213,325	5,640	5,415	3,970	1,405	40	80	150	207,680
Education	13,525	140	130	60	65	0	0	10	13,385
13. Education	13,525	135	125	60	70	0	0	10	13,385
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	9,160	155	145	90	55	0	0	0	9,005
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,700	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	1,690
50. Visual and performing arts	7,455	135	130	75	55	0	10	0	7,315
Humanities	13,365	135	130	90	40	0	0	10	13,225
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,170	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,170
23. English language and literature/letters	3,515	25	25	15	10	0	0	0	3,490
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	3,145	35	40	20	20	0	0	0	3,110
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 55}	85	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	80
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,115	20	20	15	0	0	0	0	1,095
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,140	15	15	0	0	0	10	0	1,125
54. History	2,470	30	25	20	10	0	0	0	2,440
55. French language and literature/letters	720	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	720
Social and behavioural sciences and law	28,090	465	460	310	145	10	10	0	27,625
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	260	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	250
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	2,995	25	25	20	10	0	0	0	2,970
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	5,240	110	110	90	25	0	0	0	5,130
22. Legal professions and studies	3,650	100	100	80	15	0	0	0	3,545
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 56}	670	20	20	10	10	0	0	0	650
42. Psychology	3,670	80	80	35	40	0	0	0	3,590
45. Social sciences	11,600	115	115	75	40	0	0	0	11,485
Business, management and public administration	41,425	610	570	375	175	15	10	35	40,815
30.16 Accounting and computer science	75	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	70
44. Public administration and social service professions	4,195	135	125	95	35	0	0	0	4,060
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	37,160	475	440	280	135	20	10	30	36,685
Physical and life sciences and technologies	9,395	70	65	45	20	0	0	0	9,320
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	4,130	40	35	25	0	0	10	0	4,095
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	1,780	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	1,770
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 57}	90	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	90
40. Physical sciences	2,840	15	15	10	10	0	0	0	2,825
41. Science technologies/technicians	555	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	545
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	7,835	110	100	60	40	0	10	10	7,730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	5,740	100	90	60	35	0	0	10	5,645
25. Library science	620	0	0	0	0	0	0	10	620
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,340	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,330
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 58}	135	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	135
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	47,875	680	650	455	195	0	10	20	47,195
04. Architecture and related services	2,100	15	15	10	0	0	0	0	2,080
14. Engineering	8,670	15	20	10	0	0	0	0	8,650
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	11,470	140	125	100	25	0	0	10	11,330
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	9,345	175	170	120	55	0	0	10	9,170
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	9,820	185	180	100	75	0	0	0	9,635
48. Precision production	6,470	150	145	115	25	0	0	0	6,320
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,325	60	60	35	15	10	0	0	3,265
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,300	40	35	20	10	0	0	10	2,255
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,030	20	20	20	0	0	0	0	1,010
Health and related fields	39,315	725	705	490	210	10	10	15	38,595
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	3,435	45	45	15	30	0	0	0	3,390
51. Health professions and related programs	34,825	670	655	475	170	10	0	15	34,155
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,055	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	1,045
Personal, protective and transportation services	14,370	455	430	295	135	0	0	20	13,915
12. Personal and culinary services	8,210	260	240	170	65	0	10	15	7,955
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	75	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	75
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	55	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	50
43. Security and protective services	4,000	120	125	90	30	0	0	0	3,875
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,040	75	70	35	35	0	0	0	1,965
Other	55	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	50	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55
Labour force status
Total - Labour force status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% Sample data^{Census data footnote 59}	441,055	9,240	8,855	6,285	2,490	80	125	265	431,815
In the labour force	278,640	5,515	5,285	3,635	1,610	40	75	160	273,130
Employed	259,065	4,835	4,640	3,145	1,465	30	70	130	254,225
Unemployed	19,575	675	645	490	145	10	0	25	18,900
Not in the labour force	162,410	3,725	3,570	2,650	885	40	50	105	158,685
Participation rate	63.2	59.7	59.7	57.8	64.7	50.0	60.0	60.4	63.3
Employment rate	58.7	52.3	52.4	50.0	58.8	37.5	56.0	49.1	58.9
Unemployment rate	7.0	12.2	12.2	13.5	9.0	25.0	0.0	15.6	6.9
Class of worker
Total - Class of worker for the labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 60}	278,645	5,515	5,280	3,630	1,610	40	70	155	273,130
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 61}	6,655	295	285	220	55	10	10	0	6,365
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 62}	271,990	5,220	4,995	3,410	1,555	35	65	155	266,765
Employee	243,900	4,825	4,610	3,175	1,405	35	65	145	239,080
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 63}	28,090	400	385	235	150	0	10	10	27,690
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Work activity during the reference year for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 64}	441,055	9,240	8,855	6,280	2,490	80	120	265	431,815
Did not work^{Census data footnote 65}	154,915	3,635	3,480	2,570	870	35	45	110	151,280
Worked	286,145	5,600	5,375	3,715	1,620	45	75	150	280,540
Worked full time^{Census data footnote 66}	215,150	4,100	3,915	2,725	1,165	25	70	115	211,055
1 to 13 weeks	8,015	260	255	185	65	0	10	10	7,755
14 to 26 weeks	12,495	265	245	165	85	0	10	15	12,230
27 to 39 weeks	11,820	305	295	205	90	0	0	10	11,520
40 to 48 weeks	33,745	575	540	360	175	0	10	25	33,175
49 to 52 weeks	149,075	2,695	2,590	1,815	750	20	45	65	146,375
Worked part time^{Census data footnote 67}	70,990	1,510	1,460	980	455	20	10	40	69,485
1 to 13 weeks	12,830	370	355	265	90	0	0	15	12,460
14 to 26 weeks	13,490	265	260	175	75	10	0	10	13,225
27 to 39 weeks	8,580	185	175	105	65	0	10	0	8,395
40 to 48 weeks	11,435	165	160	115	45	0	0	0	11,270
49 to 52 weeks	24,650	520	505	315	185	0	10	10	24,135
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	41.0	41.0	40.8	41.5	38.6	42.8	39.2	43.1
Occupation
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - for the labour force population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	278,645	5,515	5,280	3,635	1,605	45	75	160	273,125
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 69}	6,655	290	285	225	55	10	0	0	6,360
All occupations^{Census data footnote 70}	271,990	5,220	5,000	3,410	1,555	35	65	155	266,770
0 Management occupations	26,770	355	345	245	95	0	0	15	26,415
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	38,810	660	640	460	180	0	10	15	38,155
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15,605	185	180	130	55	0	10	0	15,415
3 Health occupations	21,745	335	320	195	120	0	10	10	21,405
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	33,105	555	520	345	170	10	15	20	32,550
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	7,755	155	145	85	60	0	0	10	7,600
6 Sales and service occupations	66,565	1,530	1,470	1,000	470	0	20	40	65,030
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	40,685	910	870	575	285	10	0	35	39,775
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,685	70	70	40	30	0	0	0	4,610
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	16,270	460	445	340	100	10	0	15	15,810
Industry
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the labour Force population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 71}	278,640	5,515	5,285	3,630	1,610	40	75	160	273,130
Industry - NAICS 2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 72}	6,655	295	285	220	55	10	0	10	6,360
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 73}	271,985	5,220	5,000	3,410	1,555	35	70	150	266,770
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,865	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	2,850
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	320	15	10	10	10	0	0	0	305
22 Utilities	1,310	20	25	10	15	0	0	0	1,290
23 Construction	20,110	425	400	285	110	10	0	20	19,685
31-33 Manufacturing	33,150	655	625	435	185	10	10	25	32,495
41 Wholesale trade	11,110	195	195	135	55	0	0	0	10,915
44-45 Retail trade	32,200	680	650	450	200	10	10	15	31,520
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	11,465	260	250	175	80	0	10	0	11,205
51 Information and cultural industries	5,545	90	85	70	20	0	0	0	5,455
52 Finance and insurance	10,835	110	115	60	45	0	0	0	10,720
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,870	120	115	95	30	0	0	0	4,750
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15,705	245	230	155	75	0	10	10	15,460
55 Management of companies and enterprises	395	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	395
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	14,125	375	355	260	100	0	0	15	13,755
61 Educational services	24,305	270	250	115	125	0	0	15	24,030
62 Health care and social assistance	36,285	750	725	505	215	0	10	20	35,530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	4,835	80	70	50	25	0	0	10	4,760
72 Accommodation and food services	18,325	445	425	315	110	10	0	15	17,880
81 Other services (except public administration)	11,740	210	190	100	95	0	10	15	11,530
91 Public administration	12,490	260	250	180	65	10	10	0	12,235
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 74}	259,065	4,840	4,640	3,140	1,465	35	65	135	254,230
Worked at home	15,785	250	245	150	95	0	0	10	15,535
Worked outside Canada	990	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	985
No fixed workplace address	29,160	610	575	395	175	10	15	20	28,555
Worked at usual place	213,130	3,980	3,815	2,590	1,200	25	50	110	209,155
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	213,130	3,975	3,815	2,590	1,200	25	50	110	209,150
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	142,620	2,835	2,715	1,830	860	25	40	80	139,775
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	70,095	1,125	1,085	755	325	0	10	30	68,975
Commute to a different province or territory	420	15	10	10	10	0	0	0	400
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 75}	242,295	4,590	4,390	2,985	1,375	35	65	130	237,705
Car, truck, van - as a driver	183,830	2,790	2,660	1,725	930	10	50	80	181,040
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	17,350	460	435	320	110	10	20	10	16,885
Public transit	25,540	875	855	635	205	15	0	25	24,665
Walked	11,210	330	325	225	95	10	0	10	10,880
Bicycle	2,245	85	75	55	20	0	0	10	2,160
Other method	2,120	40	40	30	10	0	0	0	2,080
Language used at work
Total - Language used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 76}	295,375	5,845	5,600	3,870	1,680	50	80	170	289,535
Official languages	294,535	5,845	5,595	3,870	1,680	50	80	170	288,685
English	294,145	5,835	5,590	3,870	1,670	50	80	165	288,310
French	5,035	155	155	60	95	0	0	0	4,875
Non-official languages	9,885	35	40	35	10	0	0	0	9,850
Aboriginal languages	20	20	20	20	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,870	15	20	15	0	0	0	0	9,850
Income statistics in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 77}	441,055	9,240	8,855	6,285	2,490	80	125	260	431,815
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	422,435	8,555	8,185	5,770	2,335	75	120	250	413,875
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,010	24,682	24,875	23,591	28,845	23,808	21,745	20,617	33,215
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,966	34,225	34,334	32,194	39,674	32,622	34,908	30,327	44,168
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	422,525	8,555	8,185	5,770	2,335	75	120	255	413,970
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,219	23,603	23,752	22,512	27,155	23,594	21,233	20,617	30,390
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,820	29,877	29,973	28,450	33,755	29,328	29,781	26,792	36,964
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	371,340	6,575	6,300	4,300	1,955	50	85	185	364,770
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,920	26,304	26,376	24,832	31,410	19,595	31,578	23,772	32,016
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,381	35,686	35,671	33,705	40,038	34,017	42,554	33,088	43,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	311,000	6,715	6,415	4,600	1,750	65	85	210	304,285
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,376	6,285	6,329	6,335	6,099	13,473	8,116	2,380	5,356
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,922	8,665	8,754	8,882	8,269	12,809	7,557	6,435	7,906
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	306,895	5,920	5,690	3,930	1,720	40	75	160	300,970
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,269	26,787	26,783	25,525	29,595	23,968	37,675	23,784	33,390
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,099	35,570	35,442	33,351	40,263	33,895	47,040	34,714	43,247
Employment income statistics
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 78}	441,055	9,240	8,855	6,280	2,490	85	120	265	431,820
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	145,570	2,645	2,545	1,790	735	25	40	65	142,920
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 80}	53,880	47,943	47,583	45,865	53,575	0	69,301	49,448	53,987
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 81}	62,903	53,032	53,105	50,314	60,108	0	58,640	46,287	63,086
Composition of total income in 2015
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 82}	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 83}	86.7	80.1	80.0	78.0	84.5	69.5	86.3	82.9	86.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 84}	71.2	71.9	71.7	70.5	74.8	55.4	84.2	73.3	71.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 85}	13.3	19.9	20.0	22.0	15.6	31.4	15.3	18.2	13.2
Total income groups in 2015
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 86}	441,055	9,240	8,855	6,285	2,490	85	120	265	431,815
Without total income	18,625	685	670	515	150	10	0	10	17,940
With total income	422,430	8,555	8,185	5,775	2,340	75	125	250	413,875
Percentage with total income	95.8	92.6	92.4	91.9	94.0	88.2	100.0	94.3	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	60,915	1,570	1,485	1,100	375	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55	59,345
$10,000 to $19,999	73,315	1,960	1,865	1,385	470	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	70	71,355
$20,000 to $29,999	61,825	1,440	1,385	995	360	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	40	60,390
$30,000 to $39,999	48,985	950	915	670	240	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	25	48,035
$40,000 to $49,999	42,705	665	645	430	215	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	15	42,035
$50,000 to $59,999	33,880	590	580	375	200	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10	33,285
$60,000 to $69,999	25,465	385	360	250	110	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10	25,080
$70,000 to $79,999	19,065	250	235	150	85	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10	18,815
$80,000 to $89,999	14,500	220	205	125	75	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	14,280
$90,000 to $99,999	12,450	180	175	110	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	12,270
$100,000 and over	29,325	340	330	185	145	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	28,985
$100,000 to $149,999	20,445	300	295	175	115	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	20,150
$150,000 and over	8,885	45	35	10	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	8,840
After-tax income groups in 2015
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	441,060	9,240	8,855	6,285	2,490	80	120	260	431,820
Without after-tax income	18,530	685	670	510	155	0	0	10	17,845
With after-tax income	422,530	8,560	8,185	5,770	2,340	75	120	250	413,970
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	92.6	92.4	91.8	94.0	93.8	100.0	96.2	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	62,460	1,580	1,500	1,115	375	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50	60,875
$10,000 to $19,999	76,710	2,040	1,950	1,435	490	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65	74,670
$20,000 to $29,999	70,955	1,605	1,540	1,105	405	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	50	69,345
$30,000 to $39,999	58,815	1,030	1,005	715	285	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20	57,785
$40,000 to $49,999	48,385	830	790	510	275	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30	47,560
$50,000 to $59,999	34,415	530	520	350	165	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10	33,880
$60,000 to $69,999	23,460	330	300	205	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	20	23,130
$70,000 to $79,999	18,335	255	250	155	95	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	18,080
$80,000 and over	28,995	340	335	180	145	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	28,655
$80,000 to $89,999	10,565	185	190	110	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	10,380
$90,000 to $99,999	5,565	65	60	35	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	5,495
$100,000 and over	12,870	90	85	35	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	0	12,780
Employment income groups in 2015
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 88}	441,055	9,240	8,855	6,285	2,490	80	125	265	431,815
Without employment income	134,160	3,315	3,165	2,355	775	40	45	100	130,845
With employment income	306,895	5,925	5,685	3,930	1,720	40	75	160	300,970
Percentage with employment income	69.6	64.1	64.2	62.5	69.1	50.0	60.0	60.4	69.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45,445	1,045	1,015	715	290	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	44,400
$5,000 to $9,999	24,495	565	530	370	165	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	23,930
$10,000 to $19,999	40,105	835	810	585	210	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	39,270
$20,000 to $29,999	33,335	740	710	510	195	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	32,595
$30,000 to $39,999	31,445	640	615	450	155	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	30,800
$40,000 to $49,999	28,145	495	480	315	160	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	27,650
$50,000 to $59,999	24,735	420	405	280	130	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	24,310
$60,000 to $69,999	18,850	335	315	215	100	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	18,520
$70,000 to $79,999	14,745	235	215	135	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	14,510
$80,000 and over	45,590	620	590	355	225	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	44,975
$80,000 to $89,999	11,815	185	175	125	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	11,630
$90,000 to $99,999	11,000	125	120	75	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10,875
$100,000 and over	22,775	310	300	165	135	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	22,470
Income statistics in 2015 for economic families
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 89}	146,810	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,495	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,908	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,514	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,381	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	49,700	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,799	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,059	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,328	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,825	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	66,505	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,322	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	130,511	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,213	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,794	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	26,325	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,372	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,514	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,901	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,084	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for persons
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 90}	76,920	1,805	1,720	1,235	460	25	0	80	75,120
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 91}	30,236	21,340	21,402	19,726	26,885	0	0	20,376	30,439
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 92}	39,322	31,358	31,614	30,489	33,598	0	0	25,959	39,514
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 93}	27,925	20,499	20,561	19,591	25,092	0	0	20,376	28,075
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 94}	33,571	27,876	28,074	27,396	29,099	0	0	23,687	33,708
Economic family income decile group
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	527,935	12,135	11,655	8,445	3,085	125	190	290	515,800
In the bottom half of the distribution	261,395	7,925	7,630	5,850	1,690	95	110	185	253,475
In the bottom decile	55,475	2,585	2,540	2,035	475	30	0	40	52,890
In the second decile	52,400	1,895	1,820	1,435	355	30	25	50	50,510
In the third decile	50,935	1,370	1,340	1,060	260	25	0	25	49,570
In the fourth decile	50,625	1,010	960	670	290	10	10	40	49,615
In the fifth decile	51,960	1,070	970	650	315	0	65	35	50,890
In the top half of the distribution	266,535	4,210	4,030	2,600	1,395	35	80	105	262,325
In the sixth decile	51,745	1,005	975	595	365	20	15	15	50,735
In the seventh decile	53,825	1,035	1,010	720	290	0	10	15	52,795
In the eighth decile	55,430	940	865	560	295	10	50	25	54,480
In the ninth decile	58,795	780	750	510	235	0	0	30	58,010
In the top decile	46,750	450	430	220	205	10	10	15	46,300
Low-income status in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 96}	527,930	12,130	11,660	8,445	3,080	125	185	290	515,800
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	80,915	3,605	3,525	2,845	635	40	20	65	77,310
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.3	29.7	30.2	33.7	20.6	32.0	10.8	22.4	15.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	64,010	2,945	2,885	2,360	500	25	0	50	61,070
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.1	24.3	24.7	27.9	16.2	20.0	0.0	17.2	11.8

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

F

too unreliable to be published

Note(s):

Footnote 1

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 2

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 3

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 4

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 5

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 6

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit), but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 7

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 8

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family; Stepfamily status of couple family with children; and Relationship structure of stepfamily.

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Footnote 9

One or more grandparents of the child may also be present in the household.

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Footnote 10

In an intact family, all children are the biological or adopted children of both persons in the couple. This category also includes children living in census families for whom it cannot be determined whether it is an intact family or a stepfamily.

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Footnote 11

In a complex stepfamily, some or all of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 12

In a simple stepfamily, none of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 13

In a complex stepfamily, some or all of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 14

One or more grandparents of the child may also be present in the household.

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Footnote 15

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 17

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 19

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 23

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 25

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 26

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry in the census. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

In the Census of Population, some respondents may choose to provide very specific Aboriginal ancestries, while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different Aboriginal ancestries. For example, one respondent may report 'First Nations' ethnic origin while another respondent, with a similar ancestral background, may report 'Ojibway' or 'Anishinaabe' ancestry; one respondent may report 'North American Indian' while another, similar respondent, may report 'Coast Salish' or 'Cowichan.' As a result, Aboriginal ancestry data are fluid, and counts for specific origins may seem different than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ancestries together.

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Footnote 28

Includes general responses indicating Anishinaabe ancestry (e.g., 'Anishinaabe') as well as more specific responses indicating Anishinaabe ancestry (e.g., 'Nipissing').

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Footnote 29

Includes general responses indicating Blackfoot ancestry (e.g., 'Blackfoot') as well as more specific responses indicating Blackfoot ancestry (e.g., 'Siksika,' 'Piikani').

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Footnote 30

Includes general responses indicating Dene ancestry (e.g., 'Dene').

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Footnote 31

Includes general responses indicating Iroquois ancestry (e.g., 'Iroquois,' 'Haudenosaunee') as well as more specific responses indicating Iroquois origins (e.g., 'Seneca,' 'Onondaga,' 'Tuscarora').

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Footnote 32

Includes general responses indicating Salish ancestry (e.g., 'Salish') as well as more specific responses indicating Salish ancestry (e.g., 'Coast Salish,' 'Interior Salish,' 'K'omoks,' 'Saanich').

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Footnote 33

Includes general responses indicating Sioux ancestry (e.g., 'Sioux').

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Footnote 34

Includes general responses indicating Tutchone ancestry (e.g., 'Tutchone') as well as more specific responses indicating Tutchone ancestry (e.g., 'Northern Tutchone,' 'Southern Tutchone').

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Footnote 35

Includes general responses indicating First Nations ancestry (e.g., 'First Nations,' 'North American Indian') as well as more specific responses indicating First Nations ancestry that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Passamaquoddy,' 'Crow,' 'Cheyenne,' 'Athabascan').

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Footnote 36

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 37

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

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Footnote 38

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 39

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Footnote 40

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 41

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 44

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 45

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate,' available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 46

Here, 'postsecondary certificate or diploma' includes the categories 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' and 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma.'

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Footnote 47

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 48

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree,' available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 49

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 51

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 52

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 53

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 54

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 55

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 56

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 57

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 58

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 59

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called 'labour force activity.'

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Footnote 60

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 61

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 62

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 63

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 64

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 65

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015, persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 66

Full time is 30 hours or more per week.

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Footnote 67

Part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 68

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 69

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 70

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016 were employed, and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 71

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 72

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 73

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 74

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 75

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 76

The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 77

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 78

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 79

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 81

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 82

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 83

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 84

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 85

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 86

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 89

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 91

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 92

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 93

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 94

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 95

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 96

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2018. Hamilton, CDR [Census division], Ontario (table). Aboriginal Population Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-510-X2016001. Ottawa. Released July 18, 2018.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/abpopprof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 18, 2024).

Date modified:: 2019-06-19

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Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Hamilton, Census division [Census division], Ontario

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Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Hamilton, Census division [Census division], Ontario