Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Cambridge, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Sex Information - Sex

Age groups Information - Age

The table shows aboriginal identities (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers), by sex and age groups.
Characteristic	Cambridge, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Cambridge, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Cambridge, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Related data - Cambridge, CY
	Total - Sex, Total - Age groups
	Total - Population in private households by Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 1}	Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 2}	Single Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 3}	First Nations (North American Indian)^{Footnote 4}	Métis	Inuk (Inuit)	Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Footnote 5}	Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Footnote 6}	Non-Aboriginal identity
Average age and median age
Total - Average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	127,840	2,540	2,405	1,605	745	50	30	105	125,300
Average age	38.8	33.5	33.4	32.2	35.2	43.5	41.7	35.4	38.9
Median age	39.2	31.8	31.7	29.5	35.9	41.1	46.4	35.9	39.3
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 7}	104,035	1,945	1,845	1,205	590	50	20	75	102,085
Married or living common law	61,735	990	925	555	350	25	20	45	60,745
Married	51,260	710	670	400	255	25	10	30	50,545
Living common law	10,475	280	255	155	100	0	10	15	10,200
Not married and not living common law	42,295	960	920	655	240	30	0	35	41,340
Never married	27,685	720	695	495	180	20	0	25	26,970
Separated	3,665	95	95	60	30	0	0	0	3,575
Divorced	6,130	115	115	85	30	0	0	10	6,015
Widowed	4,810	25	25	10	10	0	0	0	4,785
Family characteristics
Total - Family characteristics for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 8}	127,835	2,540	2,410	1,610	750	50	30	100	125,300
Married spouses and common-law partners	61,105	985	915	545	345	25	20	45	60,125
Married spouses	50,630	705	665	390	250	25	10	30	49,925
Common-law partners	10,475	275	250	155	100	0	10	15	10,200
Lone parents (in lone-parent census families)	6,750	155	150	110	30	0	0	0	6,590
Children in census families (as in sons, daughters or grandchildren)	42,790	1,060	1,010	710	290	10	0	40	41,735
Living with two biological or adoptive parents^{Census data footnote 9}	28,590	590	565	385	165	10	10	20	28,000
In an intact family^{Census data footnote 10}	27,385	505	490	345	135	10	0	15	26,880
In a complex stepfamily^{Census data footnote 11}	1,205	85	70	40	30	0	10	10	1,120
Living with one biological or adoptive parent and one step-parent	3,535	150	130	95	40	0	0	20	3,385
In a simple stepfamily^{Census data footnote 12}	1,975	85	85	65	20	0	0	0	1,890
In a complex stepfamily^{Census data footnote 13}	1,560	65	45	30	20	0	0	20	1,490
Living with one parent in a lone-parent census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,370	320	320	225	85	0	0	0	10,050
With a male lone parent	1,945	50	55	25	25	0	0	0	1,890
With a female lone parent	8,425	270	265	205	60	0	0	10	8,155
Living with grandparents without parents present	295	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	295
With two grandparents without parents present	170	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	175
With one grandparent without parents present	125	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	125
Persons not in census families	17,195	345	325	235	80	10	0	15	16,850
Living with other relatives	2,715	70	70	60	0	10	0	0	2,640
Foster children	105	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	100
Living with non-relatives only or alone	14,375	265	250	170	80	0	0	20	14,115
Registered or Treaty Indian status
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 15}	127,835	2,540	2,405	1,605	745	55	30	100	125,300
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 16}	700	700	610	510	90	0	10	85	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	127,140	1,840	1,800	1,095	655	45	25	20	125,300
Aboriginal ancestry
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 17}	127,835	2,535	2,410	1,605	750	50	30	105	125,300
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 18}	390	310	305	245	60	0	0	10	80
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 19}	360	280	275	215	60	0	0	0	75
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 20}	265	220	215	210	0	0	0	0	45
Métis single ancestry	75	60	55	0	55	0	0	0	20
Inuit single ancestry	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 21}	30	30	30	25	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	30	30	25	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 22}	4,000	1,720	1,690	1,090	550	50	30	10	2,280
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 23}	3,905	1,640	1,610	1,065	505	50	25	0	2,265
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,035	1,185	1,170	1,045	100	20	10	0	1,850
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	735	435	415	15	405	0	10	0	300
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	25	25	0	0	30	0	0	110
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 24}	100	85	75	30	45	0	0	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	75	60	25	35	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 25}	123,445	505	415	275	135	0	0	90	122,940
Aboriginal ancestry responses
Total - Aboriginal ancestry responses for the population in private household - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 26}	127,840	2,540	2,405	1,610	745	50	30	105	125,295
Total Aboriginal ancestry^{Census data footnote 27}	4,390	2,035	1,995	1,330	615	50	30	10	2,360
First Nations ancestry	3,415	1,510	1,485	1,315	145	20	20	10	1,910
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	70	30	30	25	10	0	0	0	40
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 28}	10	15	10	15	0	0	0	0	0
Apache	10	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver (Dunne-za)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 29}	30	10	10	10	10	0	0	0	20
Blood (Kainai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier (Dakelh)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	35	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	30
Chilcotin (Tsilhqot'in)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chipewyan (Denesuline)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cowichan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree	250	130	125	105	25	0	0	0	120
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Delaware (Lenape)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dene Tha (Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 30}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 31}	35	15	15	15	0	0	0	0	25
Kaska	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	735	395	380	350	20	10	0	10	345
Mohawk	95	40	45	40	0	0	0	0	50
Musqueam	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Navajo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nlaka'pamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuxalk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odawa	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	245	190	190	190	0	0	0	0	55
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan (Syilx)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	20	15	10	15	0	0	0	0	10
Potawatomi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sahtu (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 32}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sechelt (Shishalh)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemc (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sioux, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 33}	20	10	15	10	0	0	0	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
St'at'imc (Lillooet)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sto:lo	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney (Nakoda)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 34}	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wet'suwet'en	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations ancestry, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 35}	1,945	725	710	615	80	10	15	0	1,225
Métis ancestry	930	600	575	70	510	0	15	10	335
Inuit ancestry	175	40	35	10	10	30	0	0	130
Non-Aboriginal ancestry	127,450	2,225	2,105	1,365	690	55	25	95	125,220
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 36}	127,835	2,540	2,410	1,605	750	55	25	100	125,295
English only	118,660	2,300	2,185	1,545	590	55	25	95	116,365
French only	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	20
English and French	7,055	240	225	65	165	0	0	10	6,815
Neither English nor French	2,100	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,100
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 37}	127,840	2,540	2,410	1,605	750	50	25	105	125,300
English	123,900	2,440	2,310	1,595	660	55	30	105	121,460
French	1,455	100	100	15	90	0	0	0	1,355
English and French	405	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	405
Neither English nor French	2,080	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2,085
Official language minority
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 38}	1,655	100	95	15	85	0	0	0	1,555
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 39}	1.3	3.9	3.9	0.9	11.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.2
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 40}	127,840	2,540	2,405	1,610	745	50	30	105	125,300
Official languages	105,165	2,530	2,405	1,600	750	55	30	100	102,635
English	103,600	2,425	2,295	1,590	650	50	30	105	101,175
French	1,940	105	105	15	90	0	0	0	1,830
Non-official languages	24,630	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	24,615
Aboriginal languages	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	24,620	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	24,615
Language spoken at home
Total - Language spoken at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 41}	127,840	2,540	2,410	1,610	750	50	30	100	125,300
Official languages	121,725	2,540	2,410	1,605	745	50	30	105	119,185
English	121,585	2,535	2,405	1,600	745	55	30	105	119,045
French	2,080	105	100	25	75	0	0	0	1,980
Non-official languages	21,935	15	10	10	0	0	0	0	21,925
Aboriginal languages	0	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,935	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	21,925
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^{Census data footnote 42}	127,835	2,540	2,410	1,605	745	50	25	100	125,300
Official languages	125,735	2,540	2,410	1,610	750	50	30	105	123,195
English	125,715	2,540	2,405	1,605	750	55	25	105	123,175
French	7,075	245	225	65	160	0	10	10	6,835
Non-official languages	27,980	40	30	15	10	0	0	10	27,945
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	27,975	30	20	20	10	0	0	10	27,945
Mobility status
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago for the population aged 1 year and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 43}	126,370	2,515	2,385	1,590	740	50	25	100	123,855
Non-movers	111,230	2,185	2,075	1,390	635	55	20	85	109,045
Movers	15,140	330	310	205	105	0	0	15	14,810
Non-migrants	9,220	230	230	145	85	0	0	0	8,990
Migrants	5,920	95	75	55	25	0	10	15	5,825
Internal migrants	5,195	95	75	55	15	0	10	15	5,100
Intraprovincial migrants	4,765	75	55	45	15	0	10	10	4,690
Interprovincial migrants	425	20	15	10	0	0	0	10	410
External migrants	730	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	720
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago for the population aged 5 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	120,465	2,395	2,265	1,495	720	55	30	100	118,075
Non-movers	76,180	1,445	1,355	905	410	45	20	70	74,740
Movers	44,280	945	910	590	310	10	10	30	43,335
Non-migrants	26,100	560	550	340	205	10	0	10	25,540
Migrants	18,185	385	360	255	110	0	0	20	17,795
Internal migrants	16,075	380	360	250	110	0	0	20	15,690
Intraprovincial migrants	14,985	350	325	230	90	0	10	20	14,635
Interprovincial migrants	1,095	35	35	20	20	0	0	0	1,060
External migrants	2,105	0	10	0	0	0	0	0	2,100
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	104,035	1,945	1,845	1,205	590	55	25	80	102,085
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	24,535	600	575	390	160	25	10	10	23,935
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate, no postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,455	565	540	365	145	30	10	10	21,890
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate, with postsecondary certificate or diploma^{Census data footnote 46}	2,080	35	35	25	10	0	0	0	2,050
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate	79,495	1,345	1,265	815	430	30	10	70	78,150
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate, no postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,230	695	655	430	205	20	10	35	32,535
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate, with postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 47}	46,265	650	615	385	225	10	0	30	45,610
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	104,030	1,945	1,845	1,205	590	50	25	75	102,090
No certificate, diploma or degree	22,450	560	540	370	145	25	10	10	21,890
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 49}	33,235	695	650	430	205	20	10	35	32,540
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,145	135	125	70	50	10	0	10	7,005
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 50}	3,500	85	80	45	35	0	0	0	3,420
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 51}	3,640	55	50	30	15	0	0	0	3,590
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	23,860	405	380	240	140	10	0	15	23,455
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,570	40	40	25	15	0	0	0	1,530
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,775	105	105	75	30	0	0	0	15,670
Bachelor's degree	11,400	80	70	55	20	0	0	0	11,320
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^{Census data footnote 52}	4,375	30	30	20	10	0	0	0	4,340
Major field of study
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	104,030	1,945	1,845	1,205	590	55	25	80	102,085
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 54}	55,690	1,260	1,190	795	350	45	20	50	54,430
Education	2,320	30	30	25	0	0	0	0	2,290
13. Education	2,320	30	30	25	10	0	0	0	2,285
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,725	30	20	20	0	0	0	10	1,695
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	265	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	255
50. Visual and performing arts	1,460	20	10	15	0	0	0	0	1,440
Humanities	2,540	40	40	20	20	0	0	0	2,500
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	165	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	160
23. English language and literature/letters	580	0	10	10	0	0	0	0	570
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	680	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	680
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 55}	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	245	15	15	10	0	0	0	0	235
39. Theology and religious vocations	360	0	0	0	10	0	0	0	355
54. History	400	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	395
55. French language and literature/letters	95	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	95
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,400	55	45	35	15	0	0	10	5,340
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	630	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	620
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,400	15	15	0	0	0	0	0	1,385
22. Legal professions and studies	710	20	15	10	10	0	0	0	690
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 56}	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100
42. Psychology	770	10	10	0	0	0	0	0	760
45. Social sciences	1,755	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,750
Business, management and public administration	9,755	160	155	100	55	0	0	10	9,595
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	860	15	15	20	0	0	0	0	835
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,875	145	135	80	55	0	0	10	8,730
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,590	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	1,585
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	635	10	10	0	10	0	0	0	630
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	435	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	430
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	415	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	415
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	100
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,770	25	25	20	0	0	0	0	1,745
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,365	25	25	20	0	0	0	0	1,345
25. Library science	90	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85
27. Mathematics and statistics	280	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	280
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 58}	25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,620	140	135	75	55	10	0	0	11,480
04. Architecture and related services	345	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	345
14. Engineering	1,745	10	0	10	0	0	0	0	1,740
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,805	30	25	15	15	0	0	0	2,780
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,830	30	30	20	10	0	0	0	1,800
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,530	30	30	20	10	0	0	0	2,495
48. Precision production	2,365	45	45	10	25	0	0	0	2,320
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	880	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	870
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	575	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	570
03. Natural resources and conservation	305	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	300
Health and related fields	6,995	115	115	70	40	0	0	0	6,875
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	705	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	705
51. Health professions and related programs	6,205	115	115	70	40	0	0	0	6,090
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	85
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,705	80	75	40	35	0	0	0	3,625
12. Personal and culinary services	1,860	30	30	15	10	0	0	0	1,825
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	10
43. Security and protective services	1,230	40	40	15	20	10	0	0	1,185
49. Transportation and materials moving	600	10	10	10	0	0	0	0	595
Other	60	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	60	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	55
Labour force status
Total - Labour force status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% Sample data^{Census data footnote 59}	104,030	1,945	1,845	1,200	585	55	20	75	102,085
In the labour force	71,880	1,365	1,295	810	455	25	20	50	70,515
Employed	67,310	1,210	1,140	710	415	20	15	50	66,095
Unemployed	4,575	155	150	105	40	0	0	0	4,415
Not in the labour force	32,155	580	550	390	130	30	10	25	31,575
Participation rate	69.1	70.2	70.2	67.5	77.8	45.5	100.0	66.7	69.1
Employment rate	64.7	62.2	61.8	59.2	70.9	36.4	75.0	66.7	64.7
Unemployment rate	6.4	11.4	11.6	13.0	8.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	6.3
Class of worker
Total - Class of worker for the labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 60}	71,880	1,365	1,295	815	460	25	20	55	70,510
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 61}	1,240	30	30	15	10	0	0	0	1,210
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 62}	70,645	1,340	1,265	795	445	25	20	55	69,305
Employee	64,975	1,240	1,170	750	395	20	20	50	63,735
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 63}	5,670	100	100	50	50	0	0	0	5,570
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Work activity during the reference year for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 64}	104,030	1,950	1,845	1,205	590	50	25	80	102,085
Did not work^{Census data footnote 65}	30,665	545	515	370	115	30	10	25	30,115
Worked	73,370	1,405	1,330	835	470	25	20	50	71,970
Worked full time^{Census data footnote 66}	57,530	1,010	960	600	345	15	10	40	56,520
1 to 13 weeks	1,755	35	30	30	0	0	0	0	1,715
14 to 26 weeks	3,080	65	65	50	15	0	0	0	3,015
27 to 39 weeks	2,830	40	35	30	10	0	0	0	2,790
40 to 48 weeks	8,185	135	135	95	30	10	0	0	8,050
49 to 52 weeks	41,685	740	690	395	290	0	10	40	40,945
Worked part time^{Census data footnote 67}	15,835	390	370	235	130	10	15	0	15,450
1 to 13 weeks	2,940	80	80	55	25	0	0	0	2,855
14 to 26 weeks	3,105	80	75	40	35	0	10	0	3,020
27 to 39 weeks	1,830	50	55	45	10	0	0	0	1,775
40 to 48 weeks	2,245	40	40	25	0	0	0	0	2,205
49 to 52 weeks	5,710	130	120	80	45	0	0	10	5,585
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.0	42.3	42.1	40.9	44.1	46.9	36.8	48.4	44.0
Occupation
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - for the labour force population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	71,880	1,365	1,295	810	455	25	20	50	70,510
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 69}	1,240	30	30	15	15	0	0	0	1,205
All occupations^{Census data footnote 70}	70,645	1,340	1,270	800	445	25	20	55	69,300
0 Management occupations	7,210	90	85	45	40	0	0	10	7,120
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,370	180	175	105	65	0	0	0	10,190
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,405	50	45	25	15	0	0	10	4,355
3 Health occupations	3,490	55	50	35	15	0	0	0	3,440
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,070	85	75	60	15	0	0	10	5,985
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,580	25	20	15	10	0	0	0	1,560
6 Sales and service occupations	16,790	425	400	275	125	10	10	20	16,360
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	11,860	210	205	110	85	10	0	10	11,645
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,000	15	20	10	10	0	0	0	980
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	7,870	200	190	120	55	10	0	10	7,665
Industry
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the labour Force population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 71}	71,880	1,370	1,300	810	460	25	20	50	70,510
Industry - NAICS 2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 72}	1,240	30	30	15	10	0	0	0	1,205
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 73}	70,645	1,335	1,270	795	445	25	20	50	69,305
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	525	10	15	0	10	0	0	0	515
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	140	0	0	0	0	0	10	0	130
22 Utilities	340	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	340
23 Construction	5,115	95	90	55	30	10	0	10	5,020
31-33 Manufacturing	14,455	315	295	180	110	10	10	15	14,140
41 Wholesale trade	3,595	50	45	30	20	0	0	0	3,535
44-45 Retail trade	8,525	160	155	95	60	0	0	10	8,365
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,755	85	85	45	40	0	0	0	3,670
51 Information and cultural industries	1,355	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,355
52 Finance and insurance	2,790	30	30	20	10	0	0	0	2,765
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,245	20	20	10	15	0	0	0	1,230
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,150	70	65	25	40	0	0	10	4,080
55 Management of companies and enterprises	145	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	145
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,885	45	45	30	15	0	0	0	2,840
61 Educational services	3,670	65	65	50	15	0	0	0	3,610
62 Health care and social assistance	6,760	90	85	70	15	0	10	0	6,665
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,245	15	20	15	0	0	0	0	1,230
72 Accommodation and food services	4,770	150	140	100	35	10	0	0	4,625
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,560	75	65	45	20	0	0	0	2,485
91 Public administration	2,595	45	40	30	15	0	0	0	2,550
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 74}	67,305	1,215	1,145	705	420	20	15	50	66,095
Worked at home	3,140	65	55	25	30	0	10	10	3,070
Worked outside Canada	190	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	190
No fixed workplace address	6,615	100	95	55	40	0	0	0	6,515
Worked at usual place	57,360	1,045	990	625	350	20	10	45	56,315
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	57,360	1,045	985	625	350	20	10	45	56,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	31,165	620	585	365	210	10	10	20	30,540
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,415	170	155	85	60	0	0	15	11,240
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	14,635	255	250	165	75	0	0	10	14,375
Commute to a different province or territory	160	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	160
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 75}	63,975	1,145	1,080	680	385	20	10	50	62,830
Car, truck, van - as a driver	53,465	795	755	455	285	10	0	40	52,670
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,650	160	150	95	45	10	10	10	4,495
Public transit	3,030	85	85	65	20	0	0	0	2,950
Walked	1,880	85	70	55	15	0	0	0	1,795
Bicycle	410	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	410
Other method	535	25	25	10	15	0	0	0	515
Language used at work
Total - Language used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 76}	75,445	1,425	1,350	850	475	25	20	50	74,020
Official languages	75,220	1,420	1,350	850	475	25	15	55	73,800
English	75,155	1,420	1,350	850	475	25	15	55	73,740
French	1,095	50	45	15	30	0	0	0	1,050
Non-official languages	1,925	10	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,925
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,925	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,925
Income statistics in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 77}	104,035	1,945	1,845	1,205	590	55	20	75	102,085
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	99,735	1,825	1,725	1,120	550	45	25	75	97,910
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,176	24,904	25,018	22,313	29,258	14,584	0	24,962	35,369
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,725	35,476	35,039	35,065	36,337	20,025	0	32,415	44,897
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	99,745	1,825	1,725	1,120	555	50	25	70	97,925
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,884	23,334	23,685	21,443	26,388	14,584	0	24,724	32,031
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,441	30,230	29,997	29,955	31,124	18,409	0	28,682	37,575
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,670	1,500	1,415	905	480	30	20	65	88,165
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,425	28,820	29,025	26,859	31,082	0	0	23,251	34,532
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,919	37,221	36,873	37,265	36,984	0	0	28,975	44,034
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,370	1,280	1,205	795	370	45	0	60	68,090
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,619	3,628	3,619	3,509	3,040	8,505	0	5,176	4,643
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,529	6,847	6,710	6,950	6,043	8,134	0	9,545	7,542
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,695	1,400	1,325	835	460	30	20	55	75,300
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,503	30,122	30,485	29,764	32,650	0	0	28,183	37,649
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,546	38,347	37,822	38,436	37,664	0	0	32,946	45,680
Employment income statistics
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 78}	104,030	1,945	1,845	1,205	585	50	25	75	102,085
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	40,930	715	670	385	280	0	0	40	40,215
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 80}	53,316	52,273	52,369	57,714	43,599	0	0	31,047	53,328
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 81}	61,793	55,112	54,146	58,660	48,168	0	0	40,474	61,912
Composition of total income in 2015
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 82}	100	100	100	100	100	100	0	100	100
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 83}	88.3	86.2	86.6	85.9	88.9	0.0	0.0	71.5	88.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 84}	78.3	83.2	82.9	82.2	86.8	0.0	0.0	67.8	78.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 85}	11.7	13.5	13.4	14.0	11.2	32.5	0.0	23.1	11.7
Total income groups in 2015
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 86}	104,035	1,945	1,850	1,205	585	55	20	75	102,085
Without total income	4,300	125	120	85	35	0	0	0	4,175
With total income	99,730	1,820	1,725	1,120	555	50	25	75	97,910
Percentage with total income	95.9	93.6	93.2	92.9	94.9	90.9	100.0	100.0	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,930	410	390	265	105	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	12,520
$10,000 to $19,999	16,430	375	360	255	95	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	16,055
$20,000 to $29,999	14,255	225	200	120	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	14,030
$30,000 to $39,999	11,955	230	215	120	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	11,725
$40,000 to $49,999	10,890	125	120	70	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	10,765
$50,000 to $59,999	9,010	120	120	75	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	8,890
$60,000 to $69,999	6,460	120	110	70	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	6,335
$70,000 to $79,999	4,645	65	60	40	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	4,585
$80,000 to $89,999	3,430	35	40	25	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	3,395
$90,000 to $99,999	3,070	45	40	35	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	3,030
$100,000 and over	6,660	75	70	45	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	6,580
$100,000 to $149,999	4,875	45	50	30	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	4,825
$150,000 and over	1,780	25	20	15	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,755
After-tax income groups in 2015
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	104,030	1,945	1,845	1,205	590	55	25	80	102,085
Without after-tax income	4,285	125	120	85	30	0	0	0	4,165
With after-tax income	99,745	1,825	1,725	1,120	555	50	25	75	97,920
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	93.8	93.5	92.9	94.1	90.9	100.0	93.8	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,210	415	395	270	105	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	12,800
$10,000 to $19,999	17,295	380	355	250	95	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	16,915
$20,000 to $29,999	16,655	285	270	165	100	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	16,370
$30,000 to $39,999	14,610	235	220	110	100	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	14,375
$40,000 to $49,999	12,795	140	135	90	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	12,660
$50,000 to $59,999	8,860	160	145	95	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	8,700
$60,000 to $69,999	5,435	75	75	60	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	5,365
$70,000 to $79,999	4,310	70	65	50	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	4,240
$80,000 and over	6,565	60	60	35	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	6,500
$80,000 to $89,999	2,375	15	15	10	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	2,360
$90,000 to $99,999	1,395	15	15	10	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	1,380
$100,000 and over	2,790	30	25	20	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	2,765
Employment income groups in 2015
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 88}	104,030	1,945	1,850	1,200	590	50	25	75	102,085
Without employment income	27,330	545	520	370	125	20	0	25	26,785
With employment income	76,700	1,400	1,330	835	465	30	15	55	75,300
Percentage with employment income	73.7	72.0	71.9	69.6	78.8	60.0	60.0	73.3	73.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,550	175	160	110	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	8,375
$5,000 to $9,999	5,735	195	180	125	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	5,540
$10,000 to $19,999	9,365	185	180	120	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	9,185
$20,000 to $29,999	8,270	145	135	70	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	8,125
$30,000 to $39,999	8,675	170	165	95	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	8,505
$40,000 to $49,999	8,270	110	105	55	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	8,155
$50,000 to $59,999	7,220	110	105	65	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	7,110
$60,000 to $69,999	5,350	110	100	60	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	5,235
$70,000 to $79,999	3,880	60	55	50	10	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	3,820
$80,000 and over	11,390	145	135	95	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	11,245
$80,000 to $89,999	2,980	35	35	20	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	2,945
$90,000 to $99,999	2,670	40	35	30	0	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	2,630
$100,000 and over	5,730	70	65	40	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	5,660
Income statistics in 2015 for economic families
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 89}	36,285	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,245	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	106,268	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,155	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,812	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,830	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,650	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,994	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,826	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,681	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	17,470	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,797	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	128,829	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,191	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,948	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,045	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,995	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,203	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,680	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,645	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...	not applicable ...
Income statistics in 2015 for persons
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 90}	14,375	265	245	170	75	0	0	15	14,110
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 91}	34,058	24,872	24,879	23,454	29,211	0	0	0	34,156
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 92}	42,062	37,324	37,802	36,166	41,709	0	0	0	42,151
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 93}	30,839	24,872	24,879	21,534	25,755	0	0	0	30,932
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 94}	35,615	31,919	32,265	31,266	34,690	0	0	0	35,685
Economic family income decile group
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	127,840	2,540	2,410	1,605	745	50	30	105	125,300
In the bottom half of the distribution	58,950	1,330	1,255	825	395	35	15	60	57,620
In the bottom decile	8,925	330	310	260	50	0	10	15	8,590
In the second decile	11,000	270	255	145	115	0	0	15	10,735
In the third decile	12,495	225	220	110	80	30	10	0	12,275
In the fourth decile	13,215	260	240	170	70	0	10	10	12,960
In the fifth decile	13,315	245	230	135	85	10	0	20	13,070
In the top half of the distribution	68,885	1,205	1,155	785	355	15	15	40	67,680
In the sixth decile	15,075	265	250	170	60	20	10	10	14,810
In the seventh decile	15,440	300	290	190	100	0	0	0	15,135
In the eighth decile	15,000	315	305	210	100	0	0	10	14,685
In the ninth decile	13,725	150	150	110	35	0	0	0	13,575
In the top decile	9,645	170	160	100	55	0	10	10	9,475
Low-income status in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 96}	127,840	2,540	2,410	1,605	750	50	30	100	125,300
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	13,875	460	430	320	105	0	10	30	13,410
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.9	18.1	17.8	19.9	14.0	0.0	33.3	30.0	10.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,325	245	225	185	40	0	10	10	7,080
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.7	9.6	9.3	11.5	5.3	0.0	33.3	10.0	5.7

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

F

too unreliable to be published

Note(s):

Footnote 1

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 2

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 3

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 4

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 5

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 6

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit), but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 7

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 8

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family; Stepfamily status of couple family with children; and Relationship structure of stepfamily.

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Footnote 9

One or more grandparents of the child may also be present in the household.

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Footnote 10

In an intact family, all children are the biological or adopted children of both persons in the couple. This category also includes children living in census families for whom it cannot be determined whether it is an intact family or a stepfamily.

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Footnote 11

In a complex stepfamily, some or all of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 12

In a simple stepfamily, none of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 13

In a complex stepfamily, some or all of the children are step-siblings or half-siblings.

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Footnote 14

One or more grandparents of the child may also be present in the household.

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Footnote 15

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 16

Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 17

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 18

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 19

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 20

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Footnote 21

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 22

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 23

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 25

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 26

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry in the census. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 27

In the Census of Population, some respondents may choose to provide very specific Aboriginal ancestries, while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different Aboriginal ancestries. For example, one respondent may report 'First Nations' ethnic origin while another respondent, with a similar ancestral background, may report 'Ojibway' or 'Anishinaabe' ancestry; one respondent may report 'North American Indian' while another, similar respondent, may report 'Coast Salish' or 'Cowichan.' As a result, Aboriginal ancestry data are fluid, and counts for specific origins may seem different than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ancestries together.

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Footnote 28

Includes general responses indicating Anishinaabe ancestry (e.g., 'Anishinaabe') as well as more specific responses indicating Anishinaabe ancestry (e.g., 'Nipissing').

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Footnote 29

Includes general responses indicating Blackfoot ancestry (e.g., 'Blackfoot') as well as more specific responses indicating Blackfoot ancestry (e.g., 'Siksika,' 'Piikani').

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Footnote 30

Includes general responses indicating Dene ancestry (e.g., 'Dene').

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Footnote 31

Includes general responses indicating Iroquois ancestry (e.g., 'Iroquois,' 'Haudenosaunee') as well as more specific responses indicating Iroquois origins (e.g., 'Seneca,' 'Onondaga,' 'Tuscarora').

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Footnote 32

Includes general responses indicating Salish ancestry (e.g., 'Salish') as well as more specific responses indicating Salish ancestry (e.g., 'Coast Salish,' 'Interior Salish,' 'K'omoks,' 'Saanich').

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Footnote 33

Includes general responses indicating Sioux ancestry (e.g., 'Sioux').

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Footnote 34

Includes general responses indicating Tutchone ancestry (e.g., 'Tutchone') as well as more specific responses indicating Tutchone ancestry (e.g., 'Northern Tutchone,' 'Southern Tutchone').

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Footnote 35

Includes general responses indicating First Nations ancestry (e.g., 'First Nations,' 'North American Indian') as well as more specific responses indicating First Nations ancestry that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Passamaquoddy,' 'Crow,' 'Cheyenne,' 'Athabascan').

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Footnote 36

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 37

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

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Footnote 38

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

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Footnote 39

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Footnote 40

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 41

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 44

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 45

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate,' available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 46

Here, 'postsecondary certificate or diploma' includes the categories 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' and 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma.'

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Footnote 47

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 48

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree,' available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 49

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 50

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 51

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 52

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 53

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 54

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 55

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 56

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 57

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 58

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 59

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called 'labour force activity.'

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Footnote 60

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 61

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 62

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 63

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 64

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 65

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015, persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 66

Full time is 30 hours or more per week.

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Footnote 67

Part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 68

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 69

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 70

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016 were employed, and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 71

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 72

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 73

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 74

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 75

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 76

The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 77

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 78

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 79

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 81

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 82

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 83

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 84

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 85

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 86

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 87

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 90

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 91

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 92

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 93

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 94

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 95

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 96

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2018. Cambridge, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Aboriginal Population Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-510-X2016001. Ottawa. Released July 18, 2018.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/abpopprof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2019-06-19

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Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Cambridge, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Aboriginal Population Profile, 2016 Census
Cambridge, City [Census subdivision], Ontario