Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Montréal-Est, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	4,394	...	...
Population, 2016¹	3,850	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	14.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,124	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,018	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	361.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12.15	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	4,395	2,205	2,190
0 to 14 years	710	330	375
0 to 4 years	235	120	115
5 to 9 years	255	120	135
10 to 14 years	220	95	120
15 to 64 years	3,010	1,560	1,450
15 to 19 years	175	85	85
20 to 24 years	260	135	130
25 to 29 years	345	165	180
30 to 34 years	365	185	185
35 to 39 years	310	155	150
40 to 44 years	320	170	150
45 to 49 years	280	150	125
50 to 54 years	285	150	140
55 to 59 years	320	175	140
60 to 64 years	350	190	160
65 years and over	675	310	365
65 to 69 years	265	135	130
70 to 74 years	180	90	95
75 to 79 years	95	45	50
80 to 84 years	60	20	40
85 years and over	75	20	55
85 to 89 years	45	10	30
90 to 94 years	25	5	25
95 to 99 years	5	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.2	15.0	17.1
15 to 64 years	68.5	70.7	66.2
65 years and over	15.4	14.1	16.7
85 years and over	1.7	0.9	2.5
Average age of the population	40.7	40.8	40.7
Median age of the population	40.4	41.2	39.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,020	...	...
Single-detached house	430	...	...
Semi-detached house	25	...	...
Row house	20	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	995	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	235	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,015	...	...
1 person	780	...	...
2 persons	690	...	...
3 persons	280	...	...
4 persons	170	...	...
5 or more persons	105	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,255	2,135	2,120
Average household size	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	3,685	1,870	1,810
Married or living common-law	1,590	795	795
Married	755	375	380
Living common-law	835	425	415
Living common law - Never married	685	345	340
Living common law - Separated	10	5	5
Living common law - Divorced	125	60	60
Living common law - Widowed	20	5	10
Not married and not living common-law	2,090	1,075	1,015
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,535	860	675
Not married and not living common law - Separated	60	30	30
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	330	140	190
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	165	45	125
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,105	...	...
2 persons	630	...	...
3 persons	245	...	...
4 persons	155	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,105	...	...
Total couple families	775	...	...
Married couples	355	...	...
With children⁶	160	...	...
Without children	200	...	...
Common-law couples	420	...	...
With children⁶	190	...	...
Without children	230	...	...
Total one-parent families	330	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	250	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	85	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	4,255	2,135	2,120
Total - Persons in census families	3,030	1,445	1,585
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,550	775	775
Parents in one-parent families	330	80	250
Children⁶	1,145	585	565
In a two-parent family	645	325	320
In a one-parent family	500	260	240
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,230	695	535
Living alone	775	420	360
Living with other relatives⁷	160	100	60
Living with non-relatives only	290	175	115
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,020	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	990	...	...
Couple-family households	730	...	...
With children⁶	325	...	...
Without children	400	...	...
One-parent-family households	260	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	60	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	150	...	...
One-person households	775	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	3,545	1,800	1,745
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,460	1,755	1,700
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	42,000	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,460	1,755	1,700
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	36,800	32,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,985	1,550	1,430
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,400	36,000	27,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,545	1,360	1,185
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,000	31,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,970	1,470	1,495
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,400	9,700	12,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	495	260	240
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,920	6,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,190	645	545
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	9,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	3,545	1,800	1,745
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,455	1,750	1,705
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,960	49,000	40,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,455	1,750	1,705
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,960	40,400	35,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,990	1,560	1,425
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,160	43,560	34,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,550	1,335	1,210
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,320	43,960	36,300
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,995	1,495	1,500
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,820	11,850	13,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	470	250	220
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	8,000	5,840
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,115	605	510
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,780	9,080	10,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	3,550	1,800	1,745
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,215	685	535
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,400	54,800	51,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,600	60,600	53,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	935	450	490
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	22,800	18,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,450	29,600	23,500
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	75.2	79.4	70.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	66.0	68.4	63.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	24.7	20.6	29.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	2.3	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	8.0	7.1	9.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	7.0	6.4	7.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	3,550	1,805	1,745
Without total income	85	50	40
With total income	3,460	1,755	1,705
Under $10,000 (including loss)	210	90	125
$10,000 to $19,999	390	190	200
$20,000 to $29,999	605	250	360
$30,000 to $39,999	560	275	280
$40,000 to $49,999	510	280	230
$50,000 to $59,999	385	205	180
$60,000 to $69,999	275	145	135
$70,000 to $79,999	185	110	75
$80,000 to $89,999	125	70	55
$90,000 to $99,999	60	35	25
$100,000 and over	155	100	50
$100,000 to $149,999	120	75	40
$150,000 and over	35	25	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	3,550	1,805	1,745
Without after-tax income	85	50	40
With after-tax income	3,460	1,755	1,705
Under $10,000 (including loss)	225	95	135
$10,000 to $19,999	405	200	200
$20,000 to $29,999	770	325	445
$30,000 to $39,999	680	365	315
$40,000 to $49,999	590	340	250
$50,000 to $59,999	350	185	170
$60,000 to $69,999	205	110	95
$70,000 to $79,999	110	60	45
$80,000 to $89,999	45	25	15
$90,000 to $99,999	35	20	10
$100,000 and over	50	35	20
$100,000 to $124,999	30	20	10
$125,000 and over	20	15	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	3,550	1,805	1,745
Without employment income	1,000	440	560
With employment income	2,545	1,360	1,190
Under $5,000 (including loss)	305	160	145
$5,000 to $9,999	200	85	120
$10,000 to $19,999	290	120	170
$20,000 to $29,999	320	180	145
$30,000 to $39,999	320	185	140
$40,000 to $49,999	270	140	135
$50,000 to $59,999	275	165	110
$60,000 to $69,999	175	100	80
$70,000 to $79,999	130	80	45
$80,000 to $89,999	80	50	35
$90,000 to $99,999	55	30	25
$100,000 and over	120	85	35
$100,000 to $124,999	70	45	30
$125,000 and over	50	45	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	3,545	1,800	1,745
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,365	1,710	1,655
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	39,600	31,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,370	1,710	1,660
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	35,200	29,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,940	1,530	1,410
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	39,200	27,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,555	1,355	1,200
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600	39,600	30,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,720	1,320	1,400
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,500	4,040	8,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	420	210	205
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,760	4,480	4,960
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	3,545	1,800	1,745
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,405	1,740	1,665
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,360	46,200	36,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,405	1,740	1,665
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,200	36,640	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,970	1,570	1,405
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,960	44,560	32,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,545	1,340	1,200
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,160	44,920	34,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,785	1,405	1,385
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,010	7,480	10,560
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	455	230	225
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,960	5,560	8,300
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	3,550	1,800	1,745
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,195	665	530
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	49,200	52,000	45,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	53,600	58,400	47,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	920	460	455
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,000	27,800	23,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,700	34,600	26,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.2	87.0	75.8
Employment income (%)	72.4	75.0	69.2
Government transfers (%)	17.8	13.1	24.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.2	1.6	3.1
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,015	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	775	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,240	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,020	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,250	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,015	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	80	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	85	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	95	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	105	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	195	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	160	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	140	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	130	...	...
$100,000 and over	510	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	235	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	125	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	90	...	...
$200,000 and over	65	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,015	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	135	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	125	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	130	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	130	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	205	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	200	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	165	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	120	...	...
$100,000 and over	315	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	175	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	70	...	...
$150,000 and over	75	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,130	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	405	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	360	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	315	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,065	590	475
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,000	40,800	34,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	35,600	31,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,155	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	430	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	97,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	335	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	122,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	103,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	335	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,040	580	460
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,400	44,600	39,600
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,000	37,400	34,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	4,255	2,135	2,125
0 to 17 years	810	380	430
0 to 5 years	275	130	145
18 to 64 years	2,855	1,475	1,380
65 years and over	590	275	315
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	675	315	365
0 to 17 years	170	90	85
0 to 5 years	70	35	30
18 to 64 years	375	180	200
65 years and over	130	45	85
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.9	14.7	17.2
0 to 17 years (%)	21.0	23.6	18.8
0 to 5 years (%)	24.0	26.0	24.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.1	14.5
65 years and over (%)	22.0	16.5	26.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	4,255	2,135	2,120
0 to 17 years	815	385	430
0 to 5 years	275	135	145
18 to 64 years	2,850	1,480	1,375
65 years and over	590	275	315
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	380	195	185
0 to 17 years	80	45	35
0 to 5 years	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	255	130	120
65 years and over	45	20	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.9	9.1	8.7
0 to 17 years (%)	9.6	11.2	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	11.0	12.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.9	9.0	8.8
65 years and over (%)	8.0	7.0	9.0
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	4,255	2,135	2,120
In bottom half of the distribution	2,870	1,420	1,450
In bottom decile	600	280	315
In second decile	585	270	315
In third decile	590	295	295
In fourth decile	600	320	285
In fifth decile	495	255	235
In top half of the distribution	1,385	715	670
In sixth decile	445	220	225
In seventh decile	365	190	175
In eighth decile	265	140	130
In ninth decile	175	100	80
In top decile	135	70	60
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	4,255	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.290	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.444	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.254	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.3	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	4,260	2,135	2,120
English only	55	30	20
French only	2,405	1,135	1,275
English and French	1,775	970	810
Neither English nor French	20	10	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	4,260	2,135	2,120
English	255	130	125
French	3,870	1,945	1,930
English and French	110	55	55
Neither English nor French	20	10	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	4,260	2,135	2,120
Single responses	4,080	2,035	2,040
Official languages	3,640	1,820	1,825
English	180	90	90
French	3,460	1,730	1,730
Non-official languages	435	220	220
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	435	220	220
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	45	30
Berber languages	15	10	0
Kabyle	10	5	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	30	20
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	50	30	20
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5
Vietnamese	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	75	30	45
Haitian Creole	45	25	25
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	220	115	105
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	195	100	95
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	15
Portuguese	15	5	10
Romanian	10	5	5
Spanish	140	75	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	15	5	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5
Chinese languages	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0
Lao	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	180	100	80
English and French	75	35	35
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	80	45	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	5
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	4,260	2,135	2,120
English	125	70	55
French	3,320	1,660	1,660
Non-official language	100	45	55
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	100	45	55
English and French	280	145	135
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	10
French and non-official language(s)	270	130	140
English, French and non-official language(s)	130	65	65
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	4,260	2,135	2,120
Single responses	4,090	2,060	2,035
Official languages	3,895	1,965	1,935
English	215	120	95
French	3,685	1,845	1,835
Non-official languages	195	95	100
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	195	95	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15
Berber languages	5	5	0
Kabyle	5	5	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	15	10
Haitian Creole	20	10	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	55	60
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	45	50
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5
Spanish	85	45	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5
Chinese languages	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	170	80	90
English and French	75	30	40
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	75	40	35
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	4,260	2,135	2,120
None	3,680	1,845	1,840
English	180	105	80
French	115	50	60
Non-official language	175	80	90
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	175	80	90
English and French	15	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	30
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	4,255	2,135	2,120
Official languages	4,255	2,135	2,115
English	1,845	1,020	825
French	4,210	2,115	2,095
Non-official languages	785	405	375
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	785	405	375
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	70	45
Berber languages	45	25	15
Kabyle	40	25	15
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	65	40
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	100	65	40
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	240	125	120
Haitian Creole	215	105	110
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	80	40	40
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	325	170	150
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	15	0	10
German	15	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	315	165	150
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	40	25	15
Portuguese	35	10	20
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	270	150	120
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	45	60
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	30	15	15
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	25	20	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	15
Chinese languages	15	0	15
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	15
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,260	2,135	2,120
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	90	35	50
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	90	35	50
First Nations (North American Indian)	40	15	25
Métis	50	15	30
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	4,170	2,100	2,070
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	4,260	2,135	2,120
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,245	2,125	2,120
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,020	...	...
Owner	755	...	...
Renter	1,260	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,020	...	...
Condominium	340	...	...
Not condominium	1,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,020	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...
1 bedroom	395	...	...
2 bedrooms	905	...	...
3 bedrooms	545	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,020	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,065	...	...
5 rooms	485	...	...
6 rooms	180	...	...
7 rooms	100	...	...
8 or more rooms	180	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,020	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,005	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,020	...	...
Suitable	1,890	...	...
Not suitable	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,020	...	...
1960 or before	940	...	...
1961 to 1980	340	...	...
1981 to 1990	190	...	...
1991 to 2000	100	...	...
2001 to 2005	95	...	...
2006 to 2010	50	...	...
2011 to 2015	75	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,020	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,790	...	...
Major repairs needed	230	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,020	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,230	...	...
Two-maintainer household	720	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	75	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,020	...	...
15 to 24 years	90	...	...
25 to 34 years	345	...	...
35 to 44 years	395	...	...
45 to 54 years	340	...	...
55 to 64 years	445	...	...
65 to 74 years	260	...	...
75 to 84 years	110	...	...
85 years and over	40	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,005	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,630	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	380	...	...
30% to less than 100%	350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,020	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	665	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	335	...	...
Not suitable only	90	...	...
Major repairs needed only	160	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,355	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,980	...	...
In core need	225	...	...
Not in core need	1,755	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	760	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	69.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,250	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,246	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	348,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	363,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,260	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	9.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	21.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	830	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	880	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	4,255	2,135	2,120
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	70	30	45
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	70	30	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	70	30	45
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	125	45	85
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	120	40	85
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	120	35	85
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,060	2,065	1,995
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	4,255	2,135	2,125
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,975	1,990	1,985
Canadian citizens aged under 18	715	330	385
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,260	1,655	1,600
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	280	145	130
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	4,255	2,135	2,125
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,630	1,810	1,820
Immigrants⁸¹	515	265	255
Before 1980	50	25	25
1980 to 1990	90	40	50
1991 to 2000	65	30	35
2001 to 2010	105	45	65
2011 to 2021⁸²	210	130	85
2011 to 2015	90	60	30
2016 to 2021	120	65	50
Non-permanent residents⁸³	110	55	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	520	265	255
Under 5 years	65	20	45
5 to 14 years	115	55	65
15 to 24 years	80	45	40
25 to 44 years	225	145	75
45 years and over	30	10	25
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	520	265	255
Americas	270	140	130
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	10
El Salvador	25	15	10
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	125	75	55
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	35	20	15
Other places of birth in Americas	65	30	40
Europe	50	35	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	20	15	10
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0
Africa	175	85	85
Algeria	45	30	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	15	10
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	40	20	15
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	25	45
Asia	25	10	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	125	65	55
Americas	60	35	20
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	25	15	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	20
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	50	25	25
Algeria	25	10	10
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10
Asia	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	4,260	2,135	2,120
First generation¹⁰⁰	650	335	315
Second generation¹⁰¹	450	230	220
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,160	1,575	1,590
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	470	240	230
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	145	80	65
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	75	55	25
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	60	25	35
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	205	105	100
Refugees¹⁰⁸	85	35	55
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	40	25	15
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	470	240	230
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	65	40	25
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	50	30	20
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	10	10	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	325	155	170
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	4,260	2,135	2,120
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	805	395	410
South Asian	10	0	0
Chinese	15	0	10
Black	520	250	270
Filipino	35	0	25
Arab	80	55	20
Latin American	125	65	70
Southeast Asian	10	10	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	3,445	1,735	1,710
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	4,255	2,135	2,120
Canadian	1,420	740	680
English	55	35	25
Irish	130	80	50
Scottish	55	30	30
French, n.o.s.¹²²	620	325	295
German	15	15	0
Chinese	15	10	0
Italian	125	65	55
Indian (India)	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Polish	25	0	15
Québécois	720	320	400
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	15	0	15
Filipino	35	0	30
French Canadian	495	230	260
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	105	55	50
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	80	25	50
Métis	10	10	0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	10	10	0
Russian	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10
American	15	0	15
Spanish	85	60	25
Swedish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Acadian	45	15	25
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	165	85	80
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	60	40	15
Greek	10	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	0	15
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	25	10	15
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	10	0	0
Haitian	295	145	155
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	40	15	15
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	40	20	20
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	15	15
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	25	15	10
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	10
African Caribbean	25	10	15
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	10
Congolese	15	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	15	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	45	25	15
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	0	10
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	15	0	15
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	35	15	15
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	4,260	2,135	2,120
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	2,690	1,330	1,360
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	365	160	210
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	2,230	1,125	1,105
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	0	0	0
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	85	40	50
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	160	95	65
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	0	20
No religion and secular perspectives	1,375	705	670
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	4,205	2,115	2,085
Non-movers	3,545	1,810	1,735
Movers	660	315	345
Non-migrants	440	195	240
Migrants	220	115	105
Internal migrants	215	115	100
Intraprovincial migrants	200	105	100
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	0
External migrants	10	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	4,025	2,035	1,990
Non-movers	1,845	920	925
Movers	2,185	1,115	1,070
Non-migrants	370	225	150
Migrants	1,810	895	920
Internal migrants	1,650	820	830
Intraprovincial migrants	1,600	790	810
Interprovincial migrants	55	25	20
External migrants	160	75	90
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,550	1,800	1,745
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,015	570	445
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,535	1,235	1,300
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,540	1,345	1,195
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	645	370	280
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,895	975	920
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,545	1,800	1,745
No certificate, diploma or degree	875	485	390
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	865	425	440
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,810	895	915
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,440	720	725
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	735	450	285
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	565	300	260
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	170	145	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	585	225	360
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	40	80
Bachelor's degree or higher	370	180	190
Bachelor's degree	225	105	125
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	25	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	80	45	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,545	1,350	1,195
No certificate, diploma or degree	530	300	230
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	490	270	215
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,520	775	745
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,200	610	590
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	625	380	245
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	485	260	225
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	140	115	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	480	205	275
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	30	65
Bachelor's degree or higher	320	165	155
Bachelor's degree	200	100	105
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	25	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	80	50	30
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,545	1,805	1,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,740	905	830
Education	75	0	75
13. Education	75	0	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	40	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	65	30	30
Humanities	55	10	45
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	160	35	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	50	15	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	40	10	25
Business, management and public administration	400	160	245
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	380	160	225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75	30	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	30	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	25	10
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	435	420	15
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	75	75	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	145	140	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	105	0
48. Precision production	80	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	20	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	235	15	220
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	235	15	220
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	230	140	85
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	115	50	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	40	25	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	65	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,540	1,345	1,195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,020	570	450
Education	70	0	65
13. Education	70	0	65
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	35	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	30	20
Humanities	40	10	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	125	25	105
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	45	15	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	30	10	20
Business, management and public administration	325	135	195
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	310	135	170
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	30	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	25	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	20	10
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	360	345	15
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	15	15	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	60	60	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	120	115	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105	100	0
48. Precision production	55	45	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	15	10
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0
Health and related fields	205	15	195
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	205	15	190
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	205	125	75
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	100	45	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	40	25	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	55	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,540	1,345	1,195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,020	570	450
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,520	775	745
Location of study inside Canada	1,335	660	675
Same as province or territory of residence	1,325	655	670
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	185	115	75
Americas	70	35	45
United States of America	15	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	15	10	0
Haiti	20	15	10
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	45	35	0
Belgium	0	0	0
France	35	30	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	55	45	10
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	25	20	10
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	20	20	0
Asia	15	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	3,545	1,800	1,745
In the labour force	2,290	1,225	1,065
Employed	2,095	1,120	975
Unemployed	195	110	85
Not in the labour force	1,255	580	680
Participation rate	64.6	68.1	61.0
Employment rate	59.1	62.2	55.9
Unemployment rate	8.5	9.0	8.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	3,545	1,805	1,745
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,295	600	700
Worked	2,250	1,205	1,050
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,230	695	540
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,015	510	505
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.0	40.2	39.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,290	1,225	1,065
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	15	15
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,260	1,215	1,045
Employee	2,090	1,105	980
Permanent position	1,815	985	825
Temporary position	270	115	155
Fixed term (1 year or more)	110	40	65
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	165	75	90
Self-employed¹⁹²	175	110	65
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,290	1,225	1,065
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	15	15
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,260	1,215	1,045
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	40	35	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	430	135	300
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	110	85	20
3 Health occupations	170	15	155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	185	40	150
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	25	10
6 Sales and service occupations	620	280	340
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	480	450	30
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	10	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	155	135	20
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,290	1,225	1,065
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	35	15	15
All industries¹⁹¹	2,260	1,215	1,045
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0
22 Utilities	10	10	0
23 Construction	165	145	20
31-33 Manufacturing	250	195	60
41 Wholesale trade	125	85	35
44-45 Retail trade	245	90	150
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	165	130	35
51 Information and cultural industries	15	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	115	45	75
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	15	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	110	65	45
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	160	100	55
61 Educational services	130	30	100
62 Health care and social assistance	320	40	285
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	0	15
72 Accommodation and food services	135	75	60
81 Other services (except public administration)	110	80	30
91 Public administration	140	70	70
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,445	1,295	1,155
English	40	25	15
French	1,865	980	885
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	515	275	240
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,445	1,295	1,155
Single responses	2,325	1,230	1,095
Official languages	2,320	1,225	1,095
English	95	60	35
French	2,230	1,165	1,060
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	125	65	60
English and French	115	65	55
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,445	1,295	1,155
None	2,015	1,060	950
English	355	180	170
French	60	40	20
Non-official language	10	10	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,095	1,115	975
Worked at home	285	135	150
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	270	205	60
Usual place of work	1,540	770	765
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,535	770	770
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	150	100	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,210	560	650
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	175	105	70
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,810	980	830
Car, truck or van	1,435	810	630
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,335	765	570
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	100	40	60
Public transit	265	105	160
Walked	85	55	35
Bicycle	20	10	10
Other method	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,810	980	830
Less than 15 minutes	400	220	185
15 to 29 minutes	635	340	295
30 to 44 minutes	410	235	175
45 to 59 minutes	210	105	105
60 minutes and over	150	75	75
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,810	980	830
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	200	155	45
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	425	255	170
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	460	185	275
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	235	105	130
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	175	60	110
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	310	215	95
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	825	395	435
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	95	45	45
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	730	345	385
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	575	270	310
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	75	35	40
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60	30	35
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	10	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	505	235	270

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not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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