Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Saint-Rémi, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	8,957	...	...
Population, 2016¹	8,061	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	11.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,796	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	3,682	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	114.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	78.18	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	8,960	4,535	4,420
0 to 14 years	1,650	865	785
0 to 4 years	550	285	260
5 to 9 years	570	300	275
10 to 14 years	530	280	250
15 to 64 years	5,605	2,900	2,710
15 to 19 years	445	235	210
20 to 24 years	415	210	205
25 to 29 years	635	320	315
30 to 34 years	690	345	340
35 to 39 years	650	340	310
40 to 44 years	665	375	295
45 to 49 years	470	240	230
50 to 54 years	475	240	240
55 to 59 years	610	325	290
60 to 64 years	555	270	280
65 years and over	1,705	775	925
65 to 69 years	475	235	240
70 to 74 years	370	170	200
75 to 79 years	300	150	155
80 to 84 years	245	100	145
85 years and over	305	115	190
85 to 89 years	185	75	115
90 to 94 years	85	30	55
95 to 99 years	30	15	25
100 years and over	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.4	19.1	17.8
15 to 64 years	62.6	63.9	61.3
65 years and over	19.0	17.1	20.9
85 years and over	3.4	2.5	4.3
Average age of the population	41.2	40.1	42.3
Median age of the population	40.0	39.2	40.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	3,685	...	...
Single-detached house	1,840	...	...
Semi-detached house	225	...	...
Row house	210	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	20	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	3,680	...	...
1 person	1,170	...	...
2 persons	1,270	...	...
3 persons	510	...	...
4 persons	490	...	...
5 or more persons	250	...	...
Number of persons in private households	8,545	4,285	4,255
Average household size	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	7,310	3,670	3,640
Married or living common-law	4,260	2,200	2,060
Married	2,055	1,100	960
Living common-law	2,200	1,095	1,100
Living common law - Never married	1,850	920	935
Living common law - Separated	30	15	10
Living common law - Divorced	270	140	130
Living common law - Widowed	55	25	30
Not married and not living common-law	3,050	1,475	1,575
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,005	1,105	905
Not married and not living common law - Separated	85	40	40
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	480	225	260
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	475	110	370
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	2,435	...	...
2 persons	1,275	...	...
3 persons	495	...	...
4 persons	470	...	...
5 or more persons	200	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	2,440	...	...
Total couple families	2,015	...	...
Married couples	915	...	...
With children⁶	340	...	...
Without children	580	...	...
Common-law couples	1,100	...	...
With children⁶	650	...	...
Without children	450	...	...
Total one-parent families	420	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	300	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	120	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	8,545	4,290	4,255
Total - Persons in census families	6,950	3,480	3,465
Married spouses or common-law partners	4,025	2,010	2,020
Parents in one-parent families	425	120	305
Children⁶	2,500	1,355	1,150
In a two-parent family	1,845	1,005	845
In a one-parent family	650	355	300
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,595	805	790
Living alone	1,165	545	620
Living with other relatives⁷	135	55	85
Living with non-relatives only	285	205	85
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	3,680	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,260	...	...
Couple-family households	1,885	...	...
With children⁶	935	...	...
Without children	950	...	...
One-parent-family households	375	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	45	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	80	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	115	...	...
One-person households	1,170	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	6,895	3,425	3,470
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,760	3,345	3,415
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	48,000	36,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,760	3,345	3,415
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	41,200	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,140	3,120	3,025
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	42,400	26,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,100	2,700	2,410
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	45,200	31,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,680	2,650	3,035
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,300	8,900	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,050	555	500
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,480	5,520
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,965	1,015	945
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	5,480	6,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	6,895	3,430	3,465
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,760	3,345	3,415
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,440	54,200	40,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,760	3,345	3,415
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,840	44,280	35,520
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,130	3,125	3,005
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,840	48,880	32,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,100	2,635	2,470
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,920	50,040	35,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,630	2,570	3,065
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,520	11,200	13,640
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	965	535	430
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,760	5,900	7,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,845	925	920
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,040	6,480	7,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	6,895	3,425	3,470
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,660	1,465	1,190
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,400	59,200	46,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,200	62,450	50,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,980	910	1,070
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,600	29,800	15,900
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	29,640	38,300	22,280
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	78.0	84.2	70.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	68.2	72.8	62.5
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.0	15.8	30.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.0	1.7	2.4
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9	3.8	6.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.1	3.3	5.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	6,895	3,430	3,470
Without total income	135	80	55
With total income	6,760	3,340	3,415
Under $10,000 (including loss)	360	155	200
$10,000 to $19,999	755	270	485
$20,000 to $29,999	1,180	485	695
$30,000 to $39,999	895	400	495
$40,000 to $49,999	935	450	490
$50,000 to $59,999	755	370	390
$60,000 to $69,999	595	320	275
$70,000 to $79,999	405	260	140
$80,000 to $89,999	290	195	90
$90,000 to $99,999	205	150	55
$100,000 and over	395	280	115
$100,000 to $149,999	305	210	90
$150,000 and over	90	65	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	6,895	3,430	3,470
Without after-tax income	135	80	55
With after-tax income	6,760	3,340	3,415
Under $10,000 (including loss)	385	170	215
$10,000 to $19,999	795	300	495
$20,000 to $29,999	1,355	560	800
$30,000 to $39,999	1,185	555	625
$40,000 to $49,999	1,100	565	530
$50,000 to $59,999	785	425	360
$60,000 to $69,999	525	330	195
$70,000 to $79,999	285	195	90
$80,000 to $89,999	130	85	45
$90,000 to $99,999	85	60	25
$100,000 and over	125	90	30
$100,000 to $124,999	80	55	20
$125,000 and over	50	35	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	6,895	3,430	3,470
Without employment income	1,795	730	1,060
With employment income	5,105	2,695	2,405
Under $5,000 (including loss)	490	260	230
$5,000 to $9,999	350	145	205
$10,000 to $19,999	645	260	385
$20,000 to $29,999	595	255	340
$30,000 to $39,999	590	285	300
$40,000 to $49,999	605	285	320
$50,000 to $59,999	510	290	220
$60,000 to $69,999	390	245	150
$70,000 to $79,999	285	195	85
$80,000 to $89,999	230	165	60
$90,000 to $99,999	150	110	40
$100,000 and over	265	195	70
$100,000 to $124,999	155	105	45
$125,000 and over	115	90	25
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	6,895	3,425	3,470
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,660	3,295	3,365
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	46,800	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,660	3,295	3,365
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	40,400	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,080	3,095	2,985
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	43,600	28,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,125	2,695	2,430
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	46,000	31,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	5,160	2,315	2,840
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,500	6,080	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,035	560	480
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,520	4,400	4,600
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	6,895	3,430	3,465
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,640	3,280	3,360
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,080	52,400	37,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,640	3,280	3,360
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,920	42,760	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,040	3,085	2,950
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,960	48,960	32,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,060	2,600	2,460
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,800	50,440	34,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	5,125	2,310	2,820
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,160	9,060	11,070
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,025	550	475
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,130	5,440	6,920
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	6,895	3,425	3,470
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,645	1,460	1,180
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,800	58,400	42,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	54,250	60,650	46,300
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,860	870	990
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,200	37,200	18,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,080	41,200	25,950
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	82.6	87.8	75.6
Employment income (%)	72.4	76.2	67.0
Government transfers (%)	17.4	12.1	24.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.1	1.8	2.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	3,680	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	66,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,170	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	2,515	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	3,685	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	87,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,165	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	2,515	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	3,680	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	240	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	145	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	135	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	170	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	140	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	165	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	295	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	280	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	270	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	235	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	215	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,280	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	500	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	300	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	305	...	...
$200,000 and over	170	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	3,680	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	250	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	200	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	205	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	170	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	180	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	380	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	315	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	305	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	300	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	235	...	...
$100,000 and over	875	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	425	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	225	...	...
$150,000 and over	225	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	2,425	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	960	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	995	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	410	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,455	750	700
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	34,000	39,600	30,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	31,200	35,200	28,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	2,450	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	975	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	990	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	110,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	420	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,415	710	705
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,240	47,300	37,100
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,040	39,300	32,700
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	8,540	4,285	4,250
0 to 17 years	1,920	1,015	905
0 to 5 years	670	345	325
18 to 64 years	5,105	2,575	2,530
65 years and over	1,515	695	820
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	820	340	480
0 to 17 years	140	75	60
0 to 5 years	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	340	145	195
65 years and over	345	120	225
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.6	8.0	11.2
0 to 17 years (%)	7.1	7.6	6.6
0 to 5 years (%)	7.0	6.4	7.6
18 to 64 years (%)	6.7	5.7	7.7
65 years and over (%)	22.6	16.8	27.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	8,545	4,290	4,255
0 to 17 years	1,920	1,015	905
0 to 5 years	670	345	320
18 to 64 years	5,105	2,575	2,530
65 years and over	1,520	700	820
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	165	95	65
0 to 17 years	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	130	80	45
65 years and over	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.9	2.3	1.6
0 to 17 years (%)	0.6	0.6	0.6
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.6	3.2	1.9
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.0	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	8,545	4,285	4,255
In bottom half of the distribution	4,780	2,315	2,470
In bottom decile	735	355	385
In second decile	925	430	495
In third decile	1,060	510	550
In fourth decile	1,085	545	535
In fifth decile	975	475	500
In top half of the distribution	3,760	1,975	1,785
In sixth decile	1,095	575	520
In seventh decile	985	530	460
In eighth decile	855	455	405
In ninth decile	505	255	250
In top decile	315	165	155
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	8,545	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.270	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.393	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.233	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.9	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	8,810	4,480	4,330
English only	55	35	20
French only	5,560	2,700	2,860
English and French	3,080	1,645	1,440
Neither English nor French	110	100	10
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	8,810	4,480	4,330
English	255	135	120
French	8,355	4,210	4,150
English and French	90	40	55
Neither English nor French	105	100	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	8,810	4,480	4,330
Single responses	8,650	4,405	4,250
Official languages	8,335	4,200	4,135
English	190	105	90
French	8,145	4,095	4,050
Non-official languages	315	200	110
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	315	200	110
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	5	5	5
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	245	165	80
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	5
Russian	5	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	0
German	5	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	210	150	60
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	5
Portuguese	10	0	5
Romanian	10	0	0
Spanish	175	130	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	160	75	80
English and French	125	55	70
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	8,810	4,480	4,330
English	140	80	60
French	7,975	3,995	3,985
Non-official language	160	130	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	160	130	25
English and French	370	200	175
English and non-official language(s)	15	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	85	35	45
English, French and non-official language(s)	55	25	25
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	8,810	4,480	4,330
Single responses	8,700	4,425	4,270
Official languages	8,495	4,280	4,215
English	210	120	95
French	8,285	4,160	4,125
Non-official languages	205	150	55
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	205	150	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	180	135	45
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	160	125	35
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	155	120	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	110	55	60
English and French	75	40	35
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	8,810	4,480	4,330
None	8,385	4,255	4,125
English	250	140	110
French	90	40	50
Non-official language	40	20	20
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	35	20	20
English and French	5	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	8,540	4,285	4,255
Official languages	8,460	4,210	4,250
English	3,150	1,660	1,490
French	8,405	4,180	4,225
Non-official languages	560	315	245
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	560	315	245
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	0	25
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	25	15
Haitian Creole	10	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	25	10	10
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	440	265	175
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	10	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	10	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10
Russian	15	0	15
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	375	240	140
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	30	20	0
Portuguese	10	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	345	215	130
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,540	4,285	4,255
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	155	70	85
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	140	65	75
First Nations (North American Indian)	95	50	45
Métis	40	10	30
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	15	10	10
Non-Indigenous identity	8,390	4,220	4,170
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	8,540	4,285	4,255
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	20	10	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,520	4,285	4,240
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	3,685	...	...
Owner	2,335	...	...
Renter	1,345	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	3,685	...	...
Condominium	680	...	...
Not condominium	3,000	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	3,685	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	395	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,180	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,390	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	710	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	3,685	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,160	...	...
5 rooms	775	...	...
6 rooms	450	...	...
7 rooms	420	...	...
8 or more rooms	880	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	3,685	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,665	...	...
More than one person per room	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	3,685	...	...
Suitable	3,600	...	...
Not suitable	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	3,685	...	...
1960 or before	625	...	...
1961 to 1980	880	...	...
1981 to 1990	450	...	...
1991 to 2000	165	...	...
2001 to 2005	140	...	...
2006 to 2010	475	...	...
2011 to 2015	525	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	425	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	3,685	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	3,510	...	...
Major repairs needed	175	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	3,685	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,000	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,615	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	65	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	3,685	...	...
15 to 24 years	80	...	...
25 to 34 years	640	...	...
35 to 44 years	720	...	...
45 to 54 years	575	...	...
55 to 64 years	660	...	...
65 to 74 years	490	...	...
75 to 84 years	305	...	...
85 years and over	215	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	3,630	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,050	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	580	...	...
30% to less than 100%	555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	3,680	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	790	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	560	...	...
Not suitable only	60	...	...
Major repairs needed only	135	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,890	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	3,610	...	...
In core need	260	...	...
Not in core need	3,350	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,295	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	70.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	3.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,160	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,155	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	320,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	341,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,350	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	6.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	28.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	890	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	932	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	8,545	4,290	4,250
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	125	70	60
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	125	70	60
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	100	50	50
Métis single ancestry	15	10	10
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	240	100	140
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	240	100	140
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	185	70	120
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	50	30	20
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,180	4,120	4,060
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	8,545	4,290	4,255
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	8,360	4,155	4,205
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,895	1,000	895
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,465	3,155	3,310
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	180	135	45
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	8,545	4,290	4,255
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	8,165	4,060	4,105
Immigrants⁸¹	280	145	135
Before 1980	20	15	10
1980 to 1990	35	20	15
1991 to 2000	40	20	20
2001 to 2010	75	35	40
2011 to 2021⁸²	110	55	55
2011 to 2015	55	25	35
2016 to 2021	50	30	25
Non-permanent residents⁸³	95	85	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	280	140	140
Under 5 years	30	0	30
5 to 14 years	55	40	15
15 to 24 years	55	30	25
25 to 44 years	135	60	75
45 years and over	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	280	140	140
Americas	70	35	35
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	10
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	10	20
Europe	85	45	35
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	30	25	10
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	15	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	85	45	40
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	35	35
Asia	40	15	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	50	30	20
Americas	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	25	15	15
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	8,540	4,285	4,255
First generation¹⁰⁰	400	240	160
Second generation¹⁰¹	430	190	240
Third generation or more¹⁰²	7,715	3,860	3,855
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	255	130	130
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	140	75	60
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	45	35	10
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	95	45	45
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	50	10	45
Refugees¹⁰⁸	60	40	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	255	130	130
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	45	30	20
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	15	10	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	185	85	95
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	8,540	4,285	4,255
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	480	280	205
South Asian	40	20	15
Chinese	10	0	10
Black	195	100	95
Filipino	10	0	10
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	175	130	45
Southeast Asian	30	10	20
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	8,060	4,010	4,055
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	8,540	4,285	4,255
Canadian	3,395	1,670	1,725
English	125	60	65
Irish	385	190	195
Scottish	95	40	60
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,895	1,000	900
German	105	50	50
Chinese	10	0	10
Italian	150	65	85
Indian (India)	35	15	20
Ukrainian	10	0	0
Dutch	40	15	25
Polish	85	45	35
Québécois	1,375	695	680
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	20	0	15
Filipino	35	10	20
French Canadian	670	320	355
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	155	45	110
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	135	55	80
Métis	60	35	30
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	85	45	40
Russian	25	0	20
Norwegian	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	15	35
American	50	35	15
Spanish	70	30	40
Swedish	35	20	10
Hungarian	0	0	0
Acadian	30	0	25
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	40	10	25
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	15	15	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	25	10	15
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	185	100	85
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	60	25	35
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	80	30	60
Haitian	50	20	25
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	65	55	10
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	15	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	35	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	30	20	10
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	25	15	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	25	15	10
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	10	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	65	30	30
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	25	10	10
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	8,540	4,285	4,255
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	5,910	2,895	3,010
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	600	280	320
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	5,175	2,545	2,635
Christian Orthodox	10	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	20	15	10
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	25	20	10
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	60	35	30
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	35	10	20
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	2,570	1,360	1,205
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	8,435	4,245	4,190
Non-movers	7,450	3,760	3,685
Movers	990	485	500
Non-migrants	390	190	200
Migrants	595	295	300
Internal migrants	580	285	295
Intraprovincial migrants	565	280	285
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10
External migrants	20	10	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	8,010	4,000	4,010
Non-movers	4,670	2,370	2,300
Movers	3,335	1,630	1,705
Non-migrants	885	470	410
Migrants	2,450	1,155	1,295
Internal migrants	2,360	1,095	1,265
Intraprovincial migrants	2,340	1,080	1,260
Interprovincial migrants	20	0	0
External migrants	90	60	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,895	3,425	3,470
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,105	1,160	945
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,795	2,265	2,525
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,545	2,265	2,280
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,040	615	425
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,505	1,650	1,855
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	6,895	3,430	3,470
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,905	995	905
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,890	940	955
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,100	1,490	1,615
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,555	1,295	1,255
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,425	905	525
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,015	560	455
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	410	340	70
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	910	325	585
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	215	60	155
Bachelor's degree or higher	545	195	350
Bachelor's degree	375	110	265
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	15	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0
Master's degree	105	65	45
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,545	2,265	2,285
No certificate, diploma or degree	870	480	395
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,085	550	540
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,590	1,235	1,355
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,115	1,075	1,040
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,240	770	470
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	880	475	410
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	360	300	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	710	255	455
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	155	45	115
Bachelor's degree or higher	480	160	315
Bachelor's degree	325	95	230
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	15	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10
Master's degree	100	60	40
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	6,895	3,425	3,470
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,795	1,935	1,855
Education	150	30	120
13. Education	150	30	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	20	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	15	35
Humanities	145	45	100
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	105	25	80
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	10
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	210	35	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100	0	100
22. Legal professions and studies	25	15	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	0	20
45. Social sciences	40	15	25
Business, management and public administration	650	160	490
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	610	160	450
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	25	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	55	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	50	10
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	865	805	60
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	45	35	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	115	95	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	240	240	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	320	310	20
48. Precision production	135	125	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130	75	55
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	120	65	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	0
Health and related fields	370	50	320
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	345	40	305
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	405	185	215
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	220	30	190
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	35	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	125	115	10
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,545	2,265	2,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,955	1,025	930
Education	115	20	95
13. Education	115	20	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	15	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	15	30
Humanities	95	30	65
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	15	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	165	35	130
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	0	85
22. Legal professions and studies	20	15	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	30	15	15
Business, management and public administration	555	120	430
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	525	120	405
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	50	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	45	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	735	685	50
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	45	35	10
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	100	85	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	210	210	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	255	240	15
48. Precision production	120	110	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	50	50
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95	50	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0
Health and related fields	310	35	275
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20	0	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	295	30	265
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	370	180	195
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	205	30	175
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	55	40	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	120	115	10
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,545	2,265	2,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,955	1,025	930
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,590	1,235	1,355
Location of study inside Canada	2,435	1,135	1,300
Same as province or territory of residence	2,425	1,130	1,295
Different than province or territory of residence	20	10	0
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	150	100	55
Americas	75	60	15
United States of America	20	15	0
Mexico	30	20	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	15	0
Europe	25	10	15
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	45	25	20
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	45	25	20
Asia	10	0	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	6,895	3,430	3,470
In the labour force	4,640	2,395	2,240
Employed	4,360	2,250	2,110
Unemployed	280	145	130
Not in the labour force	2,255	1,030	1,225
Participation rate	67.3	69.8	64.6
Employment rate	63.2	65.6	60.8
Unemployment rate	6.0	6.1	5.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	6,895	3,425	3,470
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,175	995	1,185
Worked	4,715	2,435	2,285
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,685	1,485	1,200
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,035	950	1,085
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.8	42.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	4,640	2,395	2,245
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	35	45
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	4,560	2,365	2,195
Employee	4,045	2,080	1,965
Permanent position	3,555	1,830	1,730
Temporary position	490	255	235
Fixed term (1 year or more)	115	50	60
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	375	200	170
Self-employed¹⁹²	515	285	230
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	4,640	2,395	2,245
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	35	45
All occupations¹⁹¹	4,560	2,365	2,195
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	75	40	35
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	800	210	590
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	235	180	55
3 Health occupations	340	45	295
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	395	70	325
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	35	45
6 Sales and service occupations	1,095	415	680
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,115	1,060	55
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	155	100	60
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	270	205	65
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	4,640	2,395	2,245
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	80	35	45
All industries¹⁹¹	4,560	2,365	2,195
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	245	150	95
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	10	15
22 Utilities	30	30	0
23 Construction	420	350	70
31-33 Manufacturing	590	420	175
41 Wholesale trade	230	160	75
44-45 Retail trade	615	285	335
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	330	255	75
51 Information and cultural industries	30	25	10
52 Finance and insurance	130	40	85
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	55	25	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	180	90	90
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	155	85	70
61 Educational services	195	45	150
62 Health care and social assistance	580	65	515
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	60	25	30
72 Accommodation and food services	190	55	130
81 Other services (except public administration)	295	150	150
91 Public administration	185	95	90
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,900	2,540	2,355
English	95	75	20
French	3,630	1,780	1,850
Non-official language	65	65	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	65	0
English and French	1,025	560	460
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	60	45	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,900	2,540	2,355
Single responses	4,745	2,460	2,290
Official languages	4,665	2,380	2,280
English	195	135	60
French	4,465	2,245	2,225
Non-official languages	80	75	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	80	75	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	75	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	75	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	80	75	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	155	85	70
English and French	130	70	65
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,900	2,540	2,355
None	3,945	2,005	1,940
English	785	425	360
French	120	75	45
Non-official language	30	25	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	30	25	10
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	4,360	2,250	2,110
Worked at home	555	205	345
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0
No fixed workplace address	490	395	100
Usual place of work	3,300	1,630	1,670
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,300	1,630	1,670
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,200	585	610
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	230	120	110
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,860	910	950
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,790	2,030	1,765
Car, truck or van	3,525	1,920	1,610
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,400	1,865	1,535
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	125	50	75
Public transit	40	10	30
Walked	175	60	115
Bicycle	25	25	0
Other method	25	20	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,790	2,030	1,765
Less than 15 minutes	1,330	655	675
15 to 29 minutes	1,105	545	555
30 to 44 minutes	795	460	335
45 to 59 minutes	390	235	155
60 minutes and over	170	130	40
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,790	2,030	1,765
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	450	340	110
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	815	510	300
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,100	485	615
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	525	215	315
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	255	85	170
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	650	390	255
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,955	1,025	925
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	205	120	85
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,750	910	840
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,370	725	640
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	150	95	60
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	105	65	35
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	50	25	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,215	635	585

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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