Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Pincourt, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	14,751	...	...
Population, 2016¹	14,558	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	5,786	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,640	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,078.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7.10	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	14,750	7,250	7,500
0 to 14 years	2,845	1,490	1,360
0 to 4 years	700	335	365
5 to 9 years	995	535	460
10 to 14 years	1,145	615	530
15 to 64 years	9,415	4,600	4,815
15 to 19 years	930	475	455
20 to 24 years	735	375	360
25 to 29 years	640	330	315
30 to 34 years	715	345	365
35 to 39 years	925	420	505
40 to 44 years	1,200	585	615
45 to 49 years	1,170	565	600
50 to 54 years	1,060	525	540
55 to 59 years	1,085	510	570
60 to 64 years	965	475	495
65 years and over	2,495	1,160	1,330
65 to 69 years	855	415	440
70 to 74 years	685	310	375
75 to 79 years	490	240	255
80 to 84 years	260	120	140
85 years and over	200	80	115
85 to 89 years	135	55	75
90 to 94 years	45	15	30
95 to 99 years	10	0	5
100 years and over	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.3	20.6	18.1
15 to 64 years	63.8	63.4	64.2
65 years and over	16.9	16.0	17.7
85 years and over	1.4	1.1	1.5
Average age of the population	40.8	39.9	41.6
Median age of the population	42.4	41.6	43.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,640	...	...
Single-detached house	3,895	...	...
Semi-detached house	245	...	...
Row house	425	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	50	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,005	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,640	...	...
1 person	1,315	...	...
2 persons	1,825	...	...
3 persons	930	...	...
4 persons	1,085	...	...
5 or more persons	485	...	...
Number of persons in private households	14,700	7,230	7,470
Average household size	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	11,905	5,765	6,145
Married or living common-law	7,300	3,655	3,645
Married	5,350	2,680	2,670
Living common-law	1,955	980	975
Living common law - Never married	1,470	730	740
Living common law - Separated	35	20	15
Living common law - Divorced	415	210	200
Living common law - Widowed	35	15	15
Not married and not living common-law	4,610	2,110	2,500
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,100	1,635	1,460
Not married and not living common law - Separated	185	75	110
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	810	275	535
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	515	120	390
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,280	...	...
2 persons	1,910	...	...
3 persons	940	...	...
4 persons	1,050	...	...
5 or more persons	385	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,280	...	...
Total couple families	3,610	...	...
Married couples	2,635	...	...
With children⁶	1,580	...	...
Without children	1,055	...	...
Common-law couples	975	...	...
With children⁶	510	...	...
Without children	465	...	...
Total one-parent families	675	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	490	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	180	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	14,700	7,230	7,470
Total - Persons in census families	12,880	6,430	6,455
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,220	3,610	3,610
Parents in one-parent families	670	180	490
Children⁶	4,995	2,640	2,350
In a two-parent family	3,940	2,085	1,860
In a one-parent family	1,050	560	495
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,815	800	1,015
Living alone	1,315	565	755
Living with other relatives⁷	265	105	155
Living with non-relatives only	235	125	110
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,640	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,910	...	...
Couple-family households	3,335	...	...
With children⁶	1,940	...	...
Without children	1,395	...	...
One-parent-family households	575	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	140	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	120	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	120	...	...
One-person households	1,320	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,855	5,745	6,115
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,455	5,550	5,905
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,800	49,600	40,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,460	5,555	5,905
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	42,400	36,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,570	5,225	5,350
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	44,000	32,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,850	4,455	4,395
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	46,800	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,015	4,015	4,995
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,600	9,500	11,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,150	545	610
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,600	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,315	1,715	1,600
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,000	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	11,855	5,740	6,115
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,475	5,550	5,935
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,950	59,900	46,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,485	5,550	5,935
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,280	47,720	39,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,655	5,250	5,405
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,040	54,950	39,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,850	4,415	4,435
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,160	56,250	42,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,015	3,955	5,060
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,840	11,030	12,470
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,195	545	650
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,580	5,440	7,540
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,230	1,655	1,580
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,080	7,700	8,490
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	11,855	5,740	6,115
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,520	2,425	2,090
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,200	70,500	56,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,200	80,200	62,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,435	1,545	1,895
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,400	21,200	17,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,120	30,440	24,440
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	82.4	86.8	77.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.4	74.8	67.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	17.6	13.1	22.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	0.9	1.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.9	4.3	5.8
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.3	3.8	4.9
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,855	5,740	6,115
Without total income	400	195	210
With total income	11,455	5,550	5,905
Under $10,000 (including loss)	810	350	465
$10,000 to $19,999	1,185	450	735
$20,000 to $29,999	1,685	750	940
$30,000 to $39,999	1,395	630	765
$40,000 to $49,999	1,330	625	705
$50,000 to $59,999	1,180	570	610
$60,000 to $69,999	985	505	480
$70,000 to $79,999	745	390	350
$80,000 to $89,999	575	280	295
$90,000 to $99,999	455	235	215
$100,000 and over	1,110	760	350
$100,000 to $149,999	825	550	270
$150,000 and over	285	210	75
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,855	5,740	6,115
Without after-tax income	395	190	205
With after-tax income	11,460	5,550	5,910
Under $10,000 (including loss)	870	365	505
$10,000 to $19,999	1,250	490	765
$20,000 to $29,999	1,990	900	1,085
$30,000 to $39,999	1,750	820	935
$40,000 to $49,999	1,710	840	870
$50,000 to $59,999	1,355	690	665
$60,000 to $69,999	885	440	440
$70,000 to $79,999	640	345	300
$80,000 to $89,999	375	235	140
$90,000 to $99,999	215	145	70
$100,000 and over	415	290	125
$100,000 to $124,999	240	160	80
$125,000 and over	175	130	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,855	5,740	6,115
Without employment income	3,005	1,285	1,725
With employment income	8,845	4,455	4,395
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,055	510	545
$5,000 to $9,999	635	290	345
$10,000 to $19,999	980	455	520
$20,000 to $29,999	820	365	455
$30,000 to $39,999	775	330	450
$40,000 to $49,999	860	385	470
$50,000 to $59,999	750	360	390
$60,000 to $69,999	715	385	330
$70,000 to $79,999	540	300	245
$80,000 to $89,999	490	240	250
$90,000 to $99,999	325	185	140
$100,000 and over	900	650	255
$100,000 to $124,999	470	330	140
$125,000 and over	425	320	110
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,855	5,745	6,115
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,235	5,430	5,805
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	49,600	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,235	5,430	5,810
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	42,000	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,445	5,160	5,285
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	46,800	34,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,870	4,460	4,405
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	49,200	38,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,015	3,400	4,620
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,700	4,160	8,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	920	420	500
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,840	4,400	5,360
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	11,855	5,740	6,115
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,285	5,465	5,820
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,200	58,050	44,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,295	5,465	5,825
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,640	46,200	37,320
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,510	5,180	5,325
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,080	56,050	40,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,835	4,475	4,360
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,000	56,550	43,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,030	3,420	4,610
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,050	7,880	9,920
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	905	405	500
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,820	5,580	9,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	11,855	5,740	6,115
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,535	2,440	2,095
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,600	66,500	54,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,100	76,100	58,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,260	1,485	1,775
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,200	29,200	23,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,720	38,200	30,000
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	87.4	91.4	82.4
Employment income (%)	76.4	79.8	72.4
Government transfers (%)	12.6	8.5	17.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.7	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,640	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,320	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,325	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,640	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	107,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	88,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,320	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,960	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,520	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,320	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	125,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,640	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	165	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	160	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	95	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	150	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	170	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	205	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	380	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	400	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	380	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	375	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	390	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,630	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	785	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	620	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	755	...	...
$200,000 and over	470	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,640	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	180	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	175	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	135	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	205	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	225	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	255	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	510	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	495	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	460	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	460	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	450	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,955	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	835	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	540	...	...
$150,000 and over	590	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,240	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,405	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,105	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	640	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,555	690	860
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,000	49,200	41,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,800	42,000	36,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,225	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,395	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,115	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	620	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	94,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,580	700	880
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,520	54,300	47,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,040	44,500	40,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	14,700	7,230	7,470
0 to 17 years	3,435	1,790	1,645
0 to 5 years	875	430	445
18 to 64 years	8,810	4,290	4,525
65 years and over	2,450	1,145	1,300
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	810	350	460
0 to 17 years	165	95	75
0 to 5 years	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	360	165	195
65 years and over	280	90	195
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.5	4.8	6.2
0 to 17 years (%)	4.8	5.3	4.4
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	4.5	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	3.8	4.3
65 years and over (%)	11.6	7.8	14.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	14,700	7,230	7,470
0 to 17 years	3,435	1,790	1,645
0 to 5 years	875	430	445
18 to 64 years	8,815	4,290	4,520
65 years and over	2,455	1,150	1,305
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	430	200	235
0 to 17 years	75	45	35
0 to 5 years	15	15	5
18 to 64 years	240	120	115
65 years and over	120	40	85
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	2.8	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.4	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.0	2.8	1.2
18 to 64 years (%)	2.7	2.8	2.6
65 years and over (%)	4.9	3.2	6.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	14,700	7,230	7,470
In bottom half of the distribution	6,795	3,205	3,590
In bottom decile	705	310	395
In second decile	1,005	470	540
In third decile	1,370	640	725
In fourth decile	1,810	850	960
In fifth decile	1,905	935	975
In top half of the distribution	7,900	4,025	3,875
In sixth decile	2,000	995	1,005
In seventh decile	1,895	975	920
In eighth decile	1,645	840	805
In ninth decile	1,450	740	710
In top decile	915	475	445
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	14,700	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.266	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.367	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.229	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	2.8	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	14,710	7,235	7,475
English only	2,090	1,080	1,010
French only	2,125	975	1,150
English and French	10,385	5,135	5,250
Neither English nor French	110	45	65
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	14,710	7,235	7,475
English	6,735	3,315	3,425
French	6,875	3,395	3,475
English and French	990	480	510
Neither English nor French	110	40	70
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	14,710	7,235	7,475
Single responses	13,780	6,785	6,990
Official languages	11,235	5,570	5,665
English	5,110	2,525	2,585
French	6,130	3,045	3,080
Non-official languages	2,540	1,215	1,325
Indigenous languages³⁹	15	5	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,525	1,205	1,315
Afro-Asiatic languages	275	145	135
Berber languages	15	10	5
Kabyle	15	10	5
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	10	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	255	135	120
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	240	130	115
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5
Vietnamese	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	25	40
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	15	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	30	35
Haitian Creole	50	20	25
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	5	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5
Tamil	30	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,685	810	880
Albanian	5	5	0
Armenian	10	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	530	250	280
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	530	250	280
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	35	20	20
Czech	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	135	55	80
Russian	300	140	160
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5
Bosnian	5	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0
Ukrainian	30	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	35	45
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	55	25	30
German	55	25	30
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	65	35	25
Indo-Iranian languages	235	110	125
Indo-Aryan languages	130	60	70
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5
Gujarati	20	5	10
Hindi	25	15	10
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	20	25
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0
Urdu	30	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	110	50	60
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	110	50	60
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	95	45	50
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	760	365	395
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	180	95	80
Portuguese	65	25	40
Romanian	270	130	140
Spanish	245	115	135
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	20	30
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5
Lingala	5	5	5
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	250	115	135
Chinese languages	250	115	135
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	215	100	120
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5
Lao	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	20	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	15	15
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	15
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	930	445	480
English and French	555	260	295
English and non-official language(s)	160	70	85
French and non-official language(s)	100	50	50
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	50	35
Multiple non-official languages	30	15	20
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	14,710	7,235	7,475
English	5,260	2,615	2,645
French	5,140	2,555	2,580
Non-official language	755	355	395
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	750	355	395
English and French	1,735	845	895
English and non-official language(s)	650	315	335
French and non-official language(s)	385	170	215
English, French and non-official language(s)	740	355	390
Multiple non-official languages	45	20	25
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	14,710	7,235	7,475
Single responses	13,755	6,795	6,965
Official languages	12,420	6,170	6,250
English	6,475	3,215	3,260
French	5,945	2,955	2,990
Non-official languages	1,335	625	710
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,335	620	715
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	70	60
Berber languages	10	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	10	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	115	60	55
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	110	60	50
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	5	15
Haitian Creole	20	5	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	5
Tamil	20	5	10
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	875	400	475
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	325	155	170
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	325	155	170
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	15
Czech	10	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	60	20	40
Russian	215	105	105
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	5	5
German	5	5	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	140	65	80
Indo-Aryan languages	70	30	35
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5
Hindi	15	5	5
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	15	20
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	75	35	40
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	75	35	40
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	65	30	35
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	5	5
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	385	175	210
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	10
Portuguese	20	5	10
Romanian	210	100	110
Spanish	145	65	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	200	95	105
Chinese languages	200	95	105
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	190	90	95
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	955	440	515
English and French	500	225	270
English and non-official language(s)	220	95	125
French and non-official language(s)	125	55	70
English, French and non-official language(s)	100	55	45
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	14,710	7,235	7,475
None	11,890	5,865	6,020
English	785	385	400
French	950	450	500
Non-official language	510	255	255
Indigenous³⁹	10	5	10
Non-Indigenous	500	255	245
English and French	170	85	85
English and non-official language(s)	130	60	70
French and non-official language(s)	210	100	110
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	55	25	30
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	14,700	7,230	7,470
Official languages	14,600	7,185	7,415
English	12,480	6,225	6,250
French	12,500	6,090	6,410
Non-official languages	3,740	1,835	1,905
Indigenous languages³⁹	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,715	1,825	1,895
Afro-Asiatic languages	505	240	260
Berber languages	35	20	20
Kabyle	35	20	20
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	480	230	250
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	435	210	225
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	50	20	25
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	150	50	95
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	125	40	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	20	35
Haitian Creole	25	10	20
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	35	15	15
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	35	35
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	55	25	30
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,485	1,255	1,230
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	25	25	0
Balto-Slavic languages	695	350	345
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	695	350	345
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	40	20	20
Czech	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	85	55	30
Russian	450	225	230
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	30	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	105	50	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	145	85	65
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	140	80	65
German	135	70	65
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	15	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	115	50	65
Indo-Iranian languages	310	140	165
Indo-Aryan languages	130	60	70
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	55	30	20
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	15	20
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	60	20	40
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	175	80	95
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	175	80	95
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	170	80	90
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,345	685	660
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	410	215	195
Portuguese	135	65	70
Romanian	330	180	155
Spanish	605	280	320
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	30	20	10
Korean	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	85	45	50
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	15	10
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	15	10	0
Yoruba	15	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	25	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	345	170	165
Chinese languages	340	170	165
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	300	145	160
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	25	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	15	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	20
Lao	15	0	10
Thai	20	0	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	0	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	15	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	35	15
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	30	15
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,700	7,230	7,470
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	265	135	125
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	240	130	115
First Nations (North American Indian)	195	95	95
Métis	30	20	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	10	15
Non-Indigenous identity	14,435	7,090	7,345
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,700	7,230	7,470
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	70	30	40
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	14,630	7,200	7,430
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,640	...	...
Owner	4,940	...	...
Renter	700	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,640	...	...
Condominium	705	...	...
Not condominium	4,930	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,640	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...
1 bedroom	285	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,240	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,250	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,860	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,640	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,055	...	...
5 rooms	680	...	...
6 rooms	760	...	...
7 rooms	1,045	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,095	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,640	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,605	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,640	...	...
Suitable	5,545	...	...
Not suitable	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,640	...	...
1960 or before	635	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,905	...	...
1981 to 1990	545	...	...
1991 to 2000	360	...	...
2001 to 2005	560	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,130	...	...
2011 to 2015	315	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,640	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,360	...	...
Major repairs needed	275	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,640	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,560	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,900	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	180	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,640	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...
25 to 34 years	470	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,080	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,305	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,240	...	...
65 to 74 years	875	...	...
75 to 84 years	540	...	...
85 years and over	105	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,620	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,905	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	715	...	...
30% to less than 100%	675	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,640	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,040	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	675	...	...
Not suitable only	80	...	...
Major repairs needed only	235	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	30	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,600	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,585	...	...
In core need	185	...	...
Not in core need	5,400	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,935	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	70.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,310	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,330	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	424,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	700	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	990	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	14,700	7,230	7,470
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	90	50	35
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	50	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	50	25	25
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	35	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	35	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	335	185	155
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	335	185	155
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	335	185	145
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,275	6,990	7,285
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	14,695	7,230	7,470
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	14,145	6,950	7,190
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,320	1,735	1,590
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,825	5,220	5,605
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	555	280	280
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	14,695	7,230	7,470
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	11,860	5,800	6,065
Immigrants⁸¹	2,730	1,385	1,345
Before 1980	435	275	160
1980 to 1990	305	165	140
1991 to 2000	420	190	230
2001 to 2010	855	390	465
2011 to 2021⁸²	715	365	350
2011 to 2015	475	250	220
2016 to 2021	245	115	130
Non-permanent residents⁸³	105	45	60
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	2,730	1,385	1,340
Under 5 years	300	130	165
5 to 14 years	515	325	190
15 to 24 years	350	190	155
25 to 44 years	1,410	660	750
45 years and over	155	75	80
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	2,730	1,385	1,340
Americas	395	200	200
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	90	30	55
El Salvador	15	10	0
Guyana	25	15	15
Haiti	35	10	25
Jamaica	25	10	15
Mexico	35	20	15
Peru	30	15	10
Trinidad and Tobago	25	10	15
United States of America	35	25	10
Other places of birth in Americas	80	40	40
Europe	1,075	600	475
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	115	75	40
Germany	55	35	25
Greece	15	0	15
Hungary	20	10	0
Italy	80	60	20
Netherlands	20	15	10
Poland	50	30	20
Portugal	45	30	15
Romania	165	95	70
Russian Federation	80	35	45
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	75	30	40
United Kingdom⁸⁷	125	55	65
Other places of birth in Europe	215	115	105
Africa	335	165	175
Algeria	55	35	25
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	35	20	20
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	80	40	45
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	145	65	75
Asia	920	420	495
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	145	80	65
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	30	20	10
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	220	105	115
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	120	35	85
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	80	35	45
Pakistan	60	30	35
Sri Lanka	30	15	10
Other places of birth in Asia	200	90	110
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	245	120	130
Americas	25	15	15
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	15	10	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	55	30	20
France	15	10	10
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	160	75	85
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	65	30	40
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	30	15	10
Iran⁸⁸	15	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	14,700	7,230	7,470
First generation¹⁰⁰	2,930	1,475	1,455
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,685	1,310	1,375
Third generation or more¹⁰²	9,080	4,445	4,640
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,295	1,110	1,185
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,550	815	740
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	645	385	260
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	905	430	480
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	470	175	300
Refugees¹⁰⁸	235	115	120
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	35	10	30
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,295	1,110	1,185
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	170	85	85
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	235	110	125
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	40	10	35
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	70	40	30
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,770	870	905
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	14,700	7,230	7,470
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,545	1,200	1,345
South Asian	305	130	180
Chinese	395	200	195
Black	620	285	335
Filipino	225	100	130
Arab	365	180	185
Latin American	225	120	110
Southeast Asian	65	10	50
West Asian	195	105	90
Korean	25	10	10
Japanese	40	25	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	20	0
Multiple visible minorities	60	20	40
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	12,155	6,035	6,120
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	14,695	7,230	7,470
Canadian	3,195	1,545	1,645
English	1,270	615	660
Irish	1,965	950	1,015
Scottish	1,285	590	700
French, n.o.s.¹²²	2,755	1,400	1,350
German	555	280	275
Chinese	430	190	240
Italian	1,145	560	580
Indian (India)	250	105	140
Ukrainian	365	160	205
Dutch	130	70	60
Polish	390	160	235
Québécois	985	505	475
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	390	210	190
Filipino	225	90	130
French Canadian	770	385	380
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	225	100	120
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	220	130	85
Métis	45	30	10
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	295	120	175
Russian	260	125	135
Norwegian	70	35	40
Welsh	110	40	70
Portuguese	250	140	110
American	70	35	35
Spanish	165	65	100
Swedish	10	10	0
Hungarian	135	85	55
Acadian	125	85	45
Pakistani	85	25	60
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	160	75	90
Jewish	180	105	70
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	15	30
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	115	65	50
Greek	265	135	135
Jamaican	140	75	65
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	15	20
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	30	15	15
Korean	20	0	15
Romanian	280	165	120
Lebanese	105	60	45
Iranian	165	90	75
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	120	55	65
Danish	15	0	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	45	25	15
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	75	15	55
Belgian	85	50	40
Haitian	65	15	45
Hindu	30	15	15
Mexican	55	30	25
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	90	45	45
Finnish	25	20	10
Sri Lankan	45	25	25
Croatian	65	25	35
Japanese	45	25	20
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25	20	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	110	55	50
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	50	35	10
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	35	20	10
Colombian	110	45	65
Moroccan	145	55	85
Czech	25	15	10
Syrian	35	15	15
Guyanese	40	25	15
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	20	10	10
Serbian	10	0	10
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0
Persian	55	25	30
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	55	25	35
Turkish	30	0	25
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	35	20	10
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	60	30	25
Slovak	30	0	25
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	60	30	30
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	15	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	25	10	15
Algonquin	20	10	10
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	45	30	15
Lithuanian	15	15	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	25	10	15
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	20	0	15
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	65	45	25
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	55	30	25
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	25	10	15
New Brunswicker	15	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	50	25	25
Mohawk	30	20	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	35	25	10
Bulgarian	45	25	25
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	50	10	35
Barbadian	80	45	35
African American	15	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	15	0	15
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	45	20	20
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	15	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	15	0	10
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	30	10	25
Thai	15	0	15
Dominican	45	20	25
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	10	10
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	55	25	30
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	95	45	45
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	0	15
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	15	10	10
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	30	15	15
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	20	10	10
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	30	20	10
Grenadian	30	10	25
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	20	15	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	15	10	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	15	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	25	20	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	15	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	14,700	7,225	7,470
Buddhist	40	10	30
Christian	9,635	4,610	5,025
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	865	420	445
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	350	165	180
Baptist	80	30	50
Catholic	6,730	3,235	3,490
Christian Orthodox	735	330	405
Jehovah's Witness	45	30	20
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	20	15	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	65	30	30
Presbyterian	65	40	30
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	175	65	110
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	490	245	245
Hindu	105	50	55
Jewish	170	85	85
Muslim	595	275	315
Sikh	20	15	15
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	35	20	15
No religion and secular perspectives	4,095	2,160	1,935
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	14,570	7,180	7,395
Non-movers	13,510	6,685	6,825
Movers	1,065	495	570
Non-migrants	350	155	195
Migrants	710	330	375
Internal migrants	680	305	370
Intraprovincial migrants	660	295	360
Interprovincial migrants	25	10	10
External migrants	30	25	10
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	13,995	6,915	7,075
Non-movers	9,605	4,775	4,830
Movers	4,385	2,140	2,245
Non-migrants	820	415	410
Migrants	3,565	1,725	1,840
Internal migrants	3,285	1,590	1,695
Intraprovincial migrants	3,145	1,520	1,625
Interprovincial migrants	150	70	70
External migrants	270	135	145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,855	5,740	6,115
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,835	1,010	830
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,020	4,735	5,285
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,775	3,740	4,040
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	655	380	280
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,120	3,360	3,760
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	11,860	5,740	6,110
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,660	895	765
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,005	1,415	1,590
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,190	3,430	3,760
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,350	2,265	2,085
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,395	880	510
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	990	570	420
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	400	310	95
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,550	1,200	1,345
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	415	185	230
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,840	1,165	1,670
Bachelor's degree	1,960	780	1,180
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	105	145
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	20	30
Master's degree	495	225	275
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	90	40	45
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,775	3,735	4,040
No certificate, diploma or degree	540	305	230
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,580	825	755
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,655	2,605	3,050
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,190	1,605	1,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,005	600	400
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	750	415	335
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	250	190	65
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,865	875	990
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	315	130	190
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,465	1,000	1,470
Bachelor's degree	1,680	665	1,010
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	215	90	130
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	15	30
Master's degree	450	195	255
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	85	35	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	11,855	5,740	6,115
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,665	2,310	2,350
Education	455	70	380
13. Education	455	70	380
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	315	130	180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	15
50. Visual and performing arts	280	110	170
Humanities	365	120	245
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	65	15	50
23. English language and literature/letters	50	0	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	85	100
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	15
54. History	30	15	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	870	255	620
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	20	90
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	170	15	160
22. Legal professions and studies	90	30	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	115	20	95
45. Social sciences	365	170	195
Business, management and public administration	1,640	605	1,040
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	0	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,590	595	995
Physical and life sciences and technologies	420	200	220
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	160	25	130
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	70	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	30	25	0
40. Physical sciences	100	75	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	385	290	95
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	350	280	70
25. Library science	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,480	1,345	135
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	10
14. Engineering	450	350	100
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	280	265	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	225	225	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	365	360	0
48. Precision production	120	120	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	85	45	40
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	70	40	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	0	10
Health and related fields	670	130	540
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	55	35	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	605	85	520
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	500	240	260
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	240	30	210
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	150	110	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	115	100	15
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,775	3,740	4,035
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,120	1,135	985
Education	350	50	295
13. Education	350	50	295
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	275	115	160
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	20	15
50. Visual and performing arts	245	95	150
Humanities	225	65	160
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	10	45
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	45	70
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	730	205	530
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	10	80
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	10	140
22. Legal professions and studies	70	25	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	90	20	75
45. Social sciences	300	135	165
Business, management and public administration	1,335	480	855
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,300	475	820
Physical and life sciences and technologies	295	130	165
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	25	110
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	25	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	85	70	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	350	270	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	325	260	70
25. Library science	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,080	960	120
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	10
14. Engineering	375	280	95
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	210	205	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	150	150	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	235	235	0
48. Precision production	80	75	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	30	30
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	50	25	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10
Health and related fields	570	120	450
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	30	15
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	520	85	430
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	375	185	195
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	190	25	160
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	95	75	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	90	80	10
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,775	3,740	4,035
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,120	1,135	985
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,655	2,605	3,050
Location of study inside Canada	4,670	2,140	2,530
Same as province or territory of residence	4,415	2,040	2,375
Different than province or territory of residence	255	100	155
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	985	465	525
Americas	145	75	70
United States of America	55	35	25
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	40	15	25
Peru	10	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	15	0	10
Europe	440	215	225
Belgium	0	0	0
France	80	45	30
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	10	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	60	30	30
Poland	10	0	10
Romania	90	45	45
Russian Federation	40	15	30
Ukraine	50	20	30
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	60	35	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	30	10	15
Africa	85	30	55
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	25	15	15
Morocco	10	0	10
Tunisia	10	0	10
Egypt	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	35	15	20
Asia	310	140	170
Iran⁸⁸	65	35	35
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	90	45	45
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	35	15	20
Pakistan	20	20	0
Other locations of study in Asia	40	15	30
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	11,860	5,740	6,115
In the labour force	8,160	4,070	4,095
Employed	7,500	3,730	3,770
Unemployed	660	335	325
Not in the labour force	3,690	1,675	2,020
Participation rate	68.8	70.9	67.0
Employment rate	63.2	65.0	61.7
Unemployment rate	8.1	8.2	7.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	11,855	5,740	6,115
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,640	1,610	2,030
Worked	8,215	4,125	4,090
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,645	2,510	2,130
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,570	1,620	1,955
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	43.0	42.0
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	8,165	4,070	4,095
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	130	55	70
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	8,035	4,010	4,020
Employee	7,170	3,480	3,690
Permanent position	6,225	3,065	3,160
Temporary position	945	415	525
Fixed term (1 year or more)	290	100	190
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	655	315	340
Self-employed¹⁹²	860	530	330
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	8,165	4,070	4,095
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	130	55	70
All occupations¹⁹¹	8,035	4,010	4,020
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	145	105	40
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,685	450	1,230
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	850	660	195
3 Health occupations	495	65	435
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	915	195	720
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	250	105	140
6 Sales and service occupations	2,050	945	1,100
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,300	1,195	100
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	80	65	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	270	220	50
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	8,165	4,070	4,095
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	130	55	70
All industries¹⁹¹	8,035	4,010	4,020
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	20	15	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0
22 Utilities	35	25	10
23 Construction	405	340	65
31-33 Manufacturing	825	565	260
41 Wholesale trade	630	340	295
44-45 Retail trade	835	410	425
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	770	540	225
51 Information and cultural industries	165	105	60
52 Finance and insurance	300	100	200
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	160	90	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	730	370	360
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	280	170	110
61 Educational services	690	215	475
62 Health care and social assistance	870	125	745
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	160	85	75
72 Accommodation and food services	455	180	270
81 Other services (except public administration)	295	120	180
91 Public administration	365	195	175
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	8,570	4,285	4,285
English	1,755	920	840
French	1,970	1,020	950
Non-official language	20	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10
English and French	4,650	2,235	2,410
English and non-official language(s)	40	15	20
French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	125	75	55
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	8,570	4,285	4,285
Single responses	7,355	3,675	3,685
Official languages	7,330	3,660	3,670
English	3,555	1,785	1,770
French	3,770	1,875	1,895
Non-official languages	30	15	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	30	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0
Chinese languages	15	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,210	610	600
English and French	1,195	605	585
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	8,570	4,285	4,285
None	4,910	2,540	2,370
English	1,770	830	940
French	1,730	825	905
Non-official language	70	35	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	70	35	30
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	35	20	10
French and non-official language(s)	50	35	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	7,500	3,730	3,770
Worked at home	1,870	830	1,040
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	720	545	175
Usual place of work	4,905	2,350	2,560
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,905	2,350	2,555
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	715	305	410
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,010	445	565
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,130	1,580	1,555
Commute to a different province or territory	50	20	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,630	2,895	2,730
Car, truck or van	5,170	2,705	2,465
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,875	2,600	2,280
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	295	105	185
Public transit	215	95	120
Walked	80	20	60
Bicycle	45	25	20
Other method	115	50	65
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,630	2,895	2,730
Less than 15 minutes	1,165	490	675
15 to 29 minutes	2,170	1,130	1,040
30 to 44 minutes	1,375	750	620
45 to 59 minutes	505	285	230
60 minutes and over	405	240	160
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,630	2,895	2,730
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	530	425	115
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,085	600	480
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,450	670	785
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,085	470	615
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	730	320	410
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	740	410	330
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	3,495	1,825	1,675
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,720	900	825
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,775	925	850
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	2,735	1,460	1,275
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,345	710	630
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,140	605	545
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	200	110	95
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,390	750	640

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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