Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Sept-Îles, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	24,569	...	...
Population, 2016¹	25,400	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 3.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	12,814	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	11,272	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	14.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,742.88	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	24,570	12,320	12,250
0 to 14 years	3,995	2,020	1,980
0 to 4 years	1,185	595	595
5 to 9 years	1,325	670	650
10 to 14 years	1,485	755	730
15 to 64 years	15,520	7,890	7,625
15 to 19 years	1,325	670	655
20 to 24 years	1,230	660	575
25 to 29 years	1,385	680	705
30 to 34 years	1,415	705	710
35 to 39 years	1,460	755	705
40 to 44 years	1,625	810	815
45 to 49 years	1,570	810	755
50 to 54 years	1,655	820	840
55 to 59 years	1,965	995	970
60 to 64 years	1,885	980	905
65 years and over	5,055	2,410	2,645
65 to 69 years	1,575	795	780
70 to 74 years	1,320	710	610
75 to 79 years	945	415	530
80 to 84 years	690	300	395
85 years and over	520	185	335
85 to 89 years	300	140	165
90 to 94 years	195	45	150
95 to 99 years	20	5	15
100 years and over	5	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.3	16.4	16.2
15 to 64 years	63.2	64.0	62.2
65 years and over	20.6	19.6	21.6
85 years and over	2.1	1.5	2.7
Average age of the population	43.2	42.7	43.7
Median age of the population	44.4	44.0	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	11,275	...	...
Single-detached house	5,365	...	...
Semi-detached house	495	...	...
Row house	455	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	510	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,895	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	175	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	1,360	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	11,270	...	...
1 person	4,080	...	...
2 persons	4,005	...	...
3 persons	1,495	...	...
4 persons	1,175	...	...
5 or more persons	510	...	...
Number of persons in private households	24,025	12,105	11,920
Average household size	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	20,570	10,300	10,275
Married or living common-law	11,600	5,780	5,815
Married	5,220	2,610	2,605
Living common-law	6,380	3,170	3,205
Living common law - Never married	5,475	2,730	2,745
Living common law - Separated	55	20	35
Living common law - Divorced	720	375	350
Living common law - Widowed	130	45	80
Not married and not living common-law	8,975	4,515	4,460
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,355	3,570	2,785
Not married and not living common law - Separated	190	95	95
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,245	560	685
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,185	295	890
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	6,925	...	...
2 persons	3,940	...	...
3 persons	1,425	...	...
4 persons	1,130	...	...
5 or more persons	430	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	6,920	...	...
Total couple families	5,720	...	...
Married couples	2,530	...	...
With children⁶	800	...	...
Without children	1,725	...	...
Common-law couples	3,190	...	...
With children⁶	1,720	...	...
Without children	1,470	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,200	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	840	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	365	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	24,025	12,110	11,920
Total - Persons in census families	18,925	9,385	9,540
Married spouses or common-law partners	11,440	5,705	5,735
Parents in one-parent families	1,205	370	835
Children⁶	6,285	3,320	2,965
In a two-parent family	4,475	2,300	2,175
In a one-parent family	1,805	1,020	790
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,100	2,720	2,380
Living alone	4,080	2,175	1,905
Living with other relatives⁷	445	215	230
Living with non-relatives only	575	335	240
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	11,270	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	6,550	...	...
Couple-family households	5,480	...	...
With children⁶	2,410	...	...
Without children	3,065	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,070	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	90	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	215	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	315	...	...
One-person households	4,080	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	20,040	10,095	9,945
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,670	9,925	9,745
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,800	56,000	39,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,680	9,930	9,750
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	46,800	34,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,910	9,350	8,565
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	49,600	31,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,935	8,050	6,885
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000	52,400	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	15,280	6,975	8,295
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,500	11,600	11,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,550	1,335	1,210
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,200	6,320	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,640	2,215	2,425
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,500	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	20,020	10,090	9,940
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,690	9,935	9,765
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,950	68,300	47,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,700	9,935	9,770
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,440	53,100	39,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,910	9,360	8,555
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,950	63,300	41,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,935	8,110	6,825
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,500	62,900	44,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	15,410	7,075	8,330
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,480	12,180	12,730
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,540	1,350	1,190
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,320	7,890	8,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,620	2,210	2,410
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,640	7,150	8,100
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	20,020	10,085	9,935
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,660	4,245	3,410
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,500	85,000	54,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	78,600	90,500	63,750
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,545	2,715	2,835
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,800	27,200	18,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,600	42,000	27,520
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.2	87.2	77.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	71.4	75.2	65.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.8	12.7	23.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.9	1.6	2.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.7	2.7	5.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.1	2.3	4.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	20,035	10,095	9,945
Without total income	370	165	200
With total income	19,670	9,930	9,740
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,135	435	695
$10,000 to $19,999	2,050	725	1,325
$20,000 to $29,999	2,725	1,100	1,625
$30,000 to $39,999	2,360	1,080	1,280
$40,000 to $49,999	2,310	1,075	1,235
$50,000 to $59,999	2,040	950	1,090
$60,000 to $69,999	1,495	805	695
$70,000 to $79,999	1,100	635	460
$80,000 to $89,999	840	445	395
$90,000 to $99,999	680	385	290
$100,000 and over	2,940	2,285	650
$100,000 to $149,999	2,145	1,645	500
$150,000 and over	790	645	145
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	20,035	10,095	9,945
Without after-tax income	360	160	195
With after-tax income	19,680	9,935	9,750
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,205	455	750
$10,000 to $19,999	2,185	765	1,415
$20,000 to $29,999	3,240	1,335	1,910
$30,000 to $39,999	3,030	1,455	1,570
$40,000 to $49,999	2,920	1,395	1,520
$50,000 to $59,999	2,040	1,105	935
$60,000 to $69,999	1,365	745	615
$70,000 to $79,999	990	580	415
$80,000 to $89,999	895	645	245
$90,000 to $99,999	740	585	155
$100,000 and over	1,080	860	220
$100,000 to $124,999	760	630	130
$125,000 and over	320	230	90
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	20,035	10,095	9,945
Without employment income	5,100	2,040	3,060
With employment income	14,935	8,055	6,885
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,830	1,090	740
$5,000 to $9,999	975	405	570
$10,000 to $19,999	1,580	690	890
$20,000 to $29,999	1,320	545	770
$30,000 to $39,999	1,290	565	725
$40,000 to $49,999	1,330	580	755
$50,000 to $59,999	1,245	595	650
$60,000 to $69,999	865	475	385
$70,000 to $79,999	795	445	355
$80,000 to $89,999	670	340	330
$90,000 to $99,999	535	310	225
$100,000 and over	2,505	2,020	485
$100,000 to $124,999	1,080	820	260
$125,000 and over	1,425	1,205	225
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	20,040	10,095	9,945
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,395	9,785	9,610
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	55,200	36,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,405	9,785	9,620
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	46,000	32,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,690	9,225	8,465
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,400	51,600	31,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,995	8,035	6,955
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	54,800	35,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,200	6,460	7,740
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,700	8,400	8,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,720	1,475	1,240
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,360	5,640
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	20,020	10,090	9,940
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,350	9,740	9,615
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,450	67,200	43,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,350	9,740	9,620
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,360	51,950	36,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,605	9,185	8,430
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,950	64,400	40,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,955	8,020	6,935
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	53,950	63,450	42,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,365	6,490	7,875
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,810	9,730	9,870
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,635	1,485	1,150
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,660	6,295	7,120
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	20,020	10,085	9,935
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	7,620	4,230	3,395
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	64,000	80,000	52,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,000	86,000	59,050
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,155	2,530	2,625
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	26,800	35,200	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,560	48,240	31,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.8	90.4	81.4
Employment income (%)	75.2	77.8	71.0
Government transfers (%)	13.1	9.6	18.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.4	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	11,270	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,080	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,190	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	11,270	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	101,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	81,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,095	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,950	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,180	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	129,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	11,270	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	225	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	600	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	410	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	385	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	465	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	530	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	475	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	855	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	765	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	685	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	590	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	550	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,510	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,180	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	860	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,340	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,120	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	11,270	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	135	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	235	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	640	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	495	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	505	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	600	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	600	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	990	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	850	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	780	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	760	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	635	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,340	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,200	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	920	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,215	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	6,965	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	3,095	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,530	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	168,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,180	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,655	2,505	2,150
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,600	47,200	35,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400	40,000	32,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,920	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,080	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	87,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,575	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	176,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,145	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	86,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,730	2,480	2,250
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,800	57,900	43,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,800	46,160	37,000
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	24,025	12,105	11,920
0 to 17 years	4,825	2,435	2,390
0 to 5 years	1,435	735	700
18 to 64 years	14,495	7,345	7,150
65 years and over	4,705	2,320	2,385
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,195	970	1,225
0 to 17 years	360	195	165
0 to 5 years	135	75	60
18 to 64 years	1,015	475	540
65 years and over	815	300	515
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.1	8.0	10.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.5	8.0	7.1
0 to 5 years (%)	9.2	10.0	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	6.5	7.5
65 years and over (%)	17.4	12.9	21.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	24,025	12,110	11,920
0 to 17 years	4,820	2,435	2,385
0 to 5 years	1,435	740	695
18 to 64 years	14,495	7,345	7,150
65 years and over	4,705	2,325	2,380
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	535	290	245
0 to 17 years	60	35	20
0 to 5 years	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	425	240	180
65 years and over	50	15	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2	2.4	2.1
0 to 17 years (%)	1.2	1.4	1.0
0 to 5 years (%)	1.0	1.4	0.6
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	3.3	2.5
65 years and over (%)	1.2	0.6	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	24,025	12,105	11,920
In bottom half of the distribution	10,855	5,230	5,625
In bottom decile	1,845	830	1,020
In second decile	2,210	1,025	1,185
In third decile	2,310	1,140	1,170
In fourth decile	2,235	1,095	1,135
In fifth decile	2,255	1,145	1,110
In top half of the distribution	13,170	6,880	6,295
In sixth decile	2,430	1,265	1,165
In seventh decile	2,675	1,390	1,285
In eighth decile	2,700	1,390	1,305
In ninth decile	3,030	1,600	1,425
In top decile	2,340	1,230	1,115
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	24,025	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.309	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.416	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.265	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	24,220	12,200	12,020
English only	255	125	130
French only	16,615	8,005	8,610
English and French	7,305	4,040	3,265
Neither English nor French	40	25	15
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	24,220	12,200	12,020
English	800	380	420
French	23,190	11,695	11,495
English and French	190	105	85
Neither English nor French	35	25	10
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	24,220	12,200	12,020
Single responses	23,830	12,005	11,825
Official languages	23,100	11,655	11,450
English	690	330	365
French	22,405	11,325	11,080
Non-official languages	730	345	380
Indigenous languages³⁹	355	150	205
Algonquian languages	360	150	205
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	360	150	205
Atikamekw	5	5	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	330	135	195
Naskapi	25	10	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	370	200	170
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	45	30
Berber languages	5	5	5
Kabyle	5	5	5
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	40	25
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	60	40	25
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	20	20
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	20	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	5	0	5
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	195	110	90
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	10	5	5
German	10	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	95	75
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	55	35	20
Portuguese	35	20	15
Romanian	10	5	5
Spanish	65	35	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	5	0	5
Mòoré	5	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	5
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	390	195	190
English and French	275	145	130
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	10
French and non-official language(s)	90	40	45
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	24,220	12,200	12,020
English	450	220	230
French	22,025	11,095	10,925
Non-official language	225	110	115
Indigenous³⁹	150	65	90
Non-Indigenous	70	45	25
English and French	960	500	465
English and non-official language(s)	45	20	20
French and non-official language(s)	400	190	210
English, French and non-official language(s)	105	55	55
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	24,220	12,200	12,020
Single responses	23,840	12,010	11,830
Official languages	23,440	11,810	11,630
English	635	315	320
French	22,805	11,495	11,315
Non-official languages	400	200	200
Indigenous languages³⁹	265	120	145
Algonquian languages	265	120	145
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	265	120	145
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	255	115	140
Naskapi	10	10	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	130	80	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	30	20	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	20	5
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	20	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	30	25
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	30	20
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5
Portuguese	15	10	5
Romanian	10	5	5
Spanish	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0
Chinese languages	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	375	190	190
English and French	255	135	120
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	100	45	55
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	24,215	12,200	12,020
None	23,045	11,600	11,445
English	580	300	280
French	280	145	135
Non-official language	220	100	115
Indigenous³⁹	115	50	60
Non-Indigenous	110	50	60
English and French	30	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	35	20	20
French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	24,025	12,105	11,920
Official languages	23,995	12,090	11,910
English	7,540	4,155	3,385
French	23,740	11,965	11,775
Non-official languages	1,210	570	640
Indigenous languages³⁹	485	200	280
Algonquian languages	480	200	280
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	480	200	280
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	460	190	275
Naskapi	40	10	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	735	370	365
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	70	40
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	70	40
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	105	70	40
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	35	45
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	35	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	455	225	235
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	30	15	15
German	30	15	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	415	205	210
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	85	50	35
Portuguese	40	15	25
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	300	145	160
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	15	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	25	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	30	25	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	24,025	12,105	11,920
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,955	1,015	945
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,865	965	900
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,095	525	570
Métis	715	420	295
Inuk (Inuit)	50	20	30
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	45	30	10
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	55	20	30
Non-Indigenous identity	22,065	11,090	10,975
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	24,025	12,105	11,920
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,110	555	555
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	22,910	11,550	11,365
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	11,270	...	...
Owner	7,445	...	...
Renter	3,830	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	11,270	...	...
Condominium	440	...	...
Not condominium	10,825	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	11,270	...	...
No bedrooms	80	...	...
1 bedroom	1,345	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,980	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,990	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,875	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	11,270	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,235	...	...
5 rooms	2,175	...	...
6 rooms	1,325	...	...
7 rooms	1,150	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,390	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	11,270	...	...
One person or fewer per room	11,260	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	11,270	...	...
Suitable	11,165	...	...
Not suitable	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	11,270	...	...
1960 or before	2,040	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,370	...	...
1981 to 1990	640	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,075	...	...
2001 to 2005	200	...	...
2006 to 2010	325	...	...
2011 to 2015	445	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	11,270	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	10,475	...	...
Major repairs needed	800	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	11,270	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,750	...	...
Two-maintainer household	4,350	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	165	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	11,270	...	...
15 to 24 years	375	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,575	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,785	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,960	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,375	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,840	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,005	...	...
85 years and over	350	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	11,240	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,080	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,155	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	11,270	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,965	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,075	...	...
Not suitable only	85	...	...
Major repairs needed only	715	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	70	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	9,310	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	11,190	...	...
In core need	420	...	...
Not in core need	10,770	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,440	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	61.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	980	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,050	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	220,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	231,600	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,830	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	11.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	20.2	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	715	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	727	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	24,030	12,110	11,920
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,535	745	790
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,455	715	745
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,275	615	660
Métis single ancestry	165	90	75
Inuit single ancestry	20	10	10
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	80	35	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	50	25	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	20	0	15
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,015	525	490
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	965	500	460
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	660	380	285
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	235	90	140
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	70	30	40
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	45	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	10	20
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	21,480	10,835	10,640
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	24,025	12,105	11,920
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	23,665	11,935	11,730
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,815	2,490	2,325
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	18,855	9,450	9,400
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	365	165	195
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	24,025	12,105	11,920
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	23,400	11,780	11,620
Immigrants⁸¹	480	240	235
Before 1980	85	50	35
1980 to 1990	10	10	0
1991 to 2000	20	15	10
2001 to 2010	95	55	40
2011 to 2021⁸²	260	115	155
2011 to 2015	90	40	50
2016 to 2021	175	75	100
Non-permanent residents⁸³	145	80	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	475	245	235
Under 5 years	70	45	25
5 to 14 years	65	25	40
15 to 24 years	50	25	30
25 to 44 years	290	145	145
45 years and over	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	475	245	235
Americas	75	40	30
Brazil	15	10	10
Colombia	15	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10
Europe	150	75	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	85	50	35
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	25	10	15
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10
Africa	185	95	90
Algeria	15	10	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	25	20	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	140	70	75
Asia	55	20	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	50	15	35
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	170	75	100
Americas	15	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	105	50	60
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	15	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	20	25
Asia	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	24,025	12,105	11,920
First generation¹⁰⁰	710	350	360
Second generation¹⁰¹	550	300	255
Third generation or more¹⁰²	22,760	11,455	11,305
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	395	190	200
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	280	140	150
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	145	100	40
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	140	35	105
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	95	40	55
Refugees¹⁰⁸	10	10	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	395	190	200
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	10	10	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	35	15	15
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	10	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	60	35	25
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	280	120	160
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	24,025	12,105	11,920
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	565	295	265
South Asian	10	0	0
Chinese	30	0	25
Black	210	105	105
Filipino	100	50	50
Arab	65	50	15
Latin American	80	35	40
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities	30	20	10
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	23,460	11,810	11,650
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	24,025	12,105	11,920
Canadian	9,510	4,660	4,845
English	425	195	230
Irish	1,075	515	565
Scottish	480	230	250
French, n.o.s.¹²²	4,480	2,305	2,175
German	245	150	95
Chinese	45	10	35
Italian	220	75	145
Indian (India)	35	20	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0
Québécois	3,730	1,905	1,820
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	25	10	10
Filipino	55	30	20
French Canadian	1,880	1,020	860
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	810	395	415
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	540	255	285
Métis	480	220	260
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	345	175	165
Russian	15	0	15
Norwegian	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	20	15
American	75	35	40
Spanish	55	30	30
Swedish	35	0	25
Hungarian	15	15	0
Acadian	635	315	320
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	40	10	25
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	65	30	30
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	15
Romanian	35	15	20
Lebanese	30	20	15
Iranian	15	15	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	285	145	140
Danish	25	15	10
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	425	210	220
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	45	20	25
Haitian	55	35	15
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	25	15	10
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	20	20	0
Finnish	30	20	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	215	135	75
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0
Colombian	15	0	10
Moroccan	35	25	10
Czech	10	10	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	10	10
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	155	65	90
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	20	0	15
Brazilian	20	0	15
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	10	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	105	50	55
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	0
New Brunswicker	50	30	25
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	70	55	25
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	15	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	665	325	340
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	20	15	10
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	20	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	35	10	20
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	30	20	10
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	115	40	70
Norman	60	30	35
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	25	0	15
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	10	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	35	25	15
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	65	40	25
Beninese	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	24,025	12,105	11,920
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	18,380	9,005	9,370
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	990	445	550
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	80	55	25
Baptist	95	55	35
Catholic	16,925	8,325	8,595
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	75	35	45
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	55	20	40
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	25	15	10
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	115	50	60
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	185	105	80
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	50	30	20
No religion and secular perspectives	5,405	2,960	2,445
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	23,790	11,995	11,790
Non-movers	21,165	10,745	10,420
Movers	2,625	1,250	1,370
Non-migrants	1,900	930	970
Migrants	720	320	395
Internal migrants	635	280	350
Intraprovincial migrants	585	270	310
Interprovincial migrants	50	10	40
External migrants	90	45	50
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	22,910	11,565	11,345
Non-movers	15,365	7,805	7,565
Movers	7,540	3,755	3,785
Non-migrants	5,255	2,650	2,605
Migrants	2,285	1,115	1,170
Internal migrants	2,035	1,010	1,025
Intraprovincial migrants	1,920	965	955
Interprovincial migrants	115	45	70
External migrants	250	105	145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,020	10,085	9,935
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,205	2,870	2,335
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,820	7,220	7,600
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,850	6,480	6,370
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,265	1,345	920
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,590	5,135	5,460
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	20,020	10,085	9,935
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,620	2,395	2,225
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,305	1,970	2,335
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,100	5,725	5,375
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,515	4,745	3,770
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,130	2,800	1,330
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,195	2,035	1,155
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	935	765	165
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,790	1,745	2,045
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	600	200	400
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,580	980	1,605
Bachelor's degree	1,935	690	1,245
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	190	85	100
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	20	45
Master's degree	335	145	190
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	60	30	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,855	6,480	6,370
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,865	1,020	845
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,250	1,060	1,195
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,740	4,405	4,330
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,540	3,580	2,955
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,150	2,095	1,060
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,485	1,550	930
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	670	550	125
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,935	1,340	1,590
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	455	145	305
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,200	820	1,380
Bachelor's degree	1,630	580	1,050
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	175	80	95
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	15	40
Master's degree	295	130	165
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	15	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	20,025	10,085	9,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,925	4,360	4,560
Education	910	120	790
13. Education	910	120	790
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	190	105	90
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	175	90	85
Humanities	410	175	235
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	265	115	145
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	25	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10
54. History	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	55	20	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	675	165	505
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	35	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	0	220
22. Legal professions and studies	120	35	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	10
42. Psychology	130	25	105
45. Social sciences	115	70	45
Business, management and public administration	2,195	550	1,640
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	195	30	170
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,995	515	1,475
Physical and life sciences and technologies	315	180	135
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	45	70
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	20	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	70	30	45
40. Physical sciences	90	80	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	185	145	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	145	25
25. Library science	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	3,485	3,180	310
04. Architecture and related services	40	20	20
14. Engineering	275	240	40
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	650	525	125
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	630	600	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,205	1,145	60
48. Precision production	690	655	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	180	105	75
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	45	20	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	135	85	50
Health and related fields	1,270	215	1,050
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80	50	30
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,145	150	995
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	10	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,275	770	505
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	500	110	390
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	265	190	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	505	475	30
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,850	6,480	6,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,110	2,075	2,035
Education	695	100	600
13. Education	695	100	600
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	80	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	115	65	55
Humanities	260	110	150
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	150	75	80
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	20	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	40	15	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	580	125	450
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	25	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	210	0	205
22. Legal professions and studies	100	30	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	10
42. Psychology	115	20	95
45. Social sciences	80	45	40
Business, management and public administration	1,770	450	1,325
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	25	140
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,610	420	1,185
Physical and life sciences and technologies	215	140	80
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	45	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	85	75	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	125	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	120	25
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,730	2,445	285
04. Architecture and related services	30	10	20
14. Engineering	255	220	40
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	495	385	110
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	445	415	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	945	890	55
48. Precision production	560	530	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	90	70
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	15	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	75	45
Health and related fields	1,015	155	860
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	65	45	25
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	910	105	810
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	35	0	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,000	575	425
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	400	70	325
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	205	140	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	395	365	30
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	12,850	6,480	6,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,110	2,075	2,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	8,740	4,405	4,335
Location of study inside Canada	8,495	4,260	4,235
Same as province or territory of residence	8,310	4,165	4,145
Different than province or territory of residence	185	90	95
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	245	150	100
Americas	40	25	15
United States of America	10	10	0
Mexico	10	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	0
Colombia	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	55	30	25
Belgium	0	0	0
France	40	15	20
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	115	70	40
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0
Morocco	25	15	0
Tunisia	35	25	10
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	45	25	20
Asia	35	20	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	25	15	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	20,020	10,085	9,935
In the labour force	13,015	6,890	6,120
Employed	12,360	6,520	5,840
Unemployed	655	375	285
Not in the labour force	7,010	3,190	3,820
Participation rate	65.0	68.3	61.6
Employment rate	61.7	64.7	58.8
Unemployment rate	5.0	5.4	4.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	20,025	10,085	9,935
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,570	2,980	3,590
Worked	13,450	7,105	6,345
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	7,740	4,305	3,435
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,710	2,795	2,910
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.8	42.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	13,010	6,895	6,115
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	115	70	40
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	12,900	6,820	6,080
Employee	11,925	6,325	5,600
Permanent position	9,760	5,265	4,500
Temporary position	2,165	1,060	1,105
Fixed term (1 year or more)	620	260	360
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,550	805	745
Self-employed¹⁹²	975	495	475
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	13,010	6,895	6,115
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	115	70	40
All occupations¹⁹¹	12,900	6,820	6,080
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	155	95	55
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,810	465	1,350
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	755	595	160
3 Health occupations	1,010	145	860
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,770	405	1,360
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	235	130	105
6 Sales and service occupations	3,365	1,445	1,920
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,855	2,685	170
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	255	230	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	700	620	80
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	13,010	6,895	6,115
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	115	70	40
All industries¹⁹¹	12,900	6,820	6,080
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	145	105	40
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	715	600	115
22 Utilities	145	130	15
23 Construction	780	680	100
31-33 Manufacturing	1,335	1,155	180
41 Wholesale trade	285	215	70
44-45 Retail trade	1,760	820	935
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	750	615	135
51 Information and cultural industries	170	80	90
52 Finance and insurance	220	55	160
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	235	135	100
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	440	240	200
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	470	280	190
61 Educational services	985	220	755
62 Health care and social assistance	1,970	310	1,660
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	135	65	70
72 Accommodation and food services	820	335	490
81 Other services (except public administration)	600	345	260
91 Public administration	940	430	510
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	14,145	7,445	6,705
English	160	90	70
French	12,190	6,360	5,830
Non-official language	25	0	25
Indigenous³⁹	20	0	20
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	1,625	935	685
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	125	50	75
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	14,145	7,445	6,705
Single responses	13,930	7,325	6,610
Official languages	13,880	7,310	6,570
English	280	165	120
French	13,600	7,150	6,445
Non-official languages	55	10	40
Indigenous languages³⁹	50	10	35
Algonquian languages	50	10	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	50	10	35
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	50	10	35
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	215	120	95
English and French	190	115	80
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	25	0	20
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	14,145	7,445	6,705
None	12,585	6,560	6,025
English	1,320	755	560
French	150	85	65
Non-official language	80	40	40
Indigenous³⁹	55	25	30
Non-Indigenous	25	15	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	15	0	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	12,355	6,520	5,835
Worked at home	1,015	465	550
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	970	740	240
Usual place of work	10,360	5,310	5,050
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	10,355	5,310	5,050
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,690	4,375	4,315
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,190	630	560
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	435	280	160
Commute to a different province or territory	40	25	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	11,330	6,045	5,285
Car, truck or van	10,330	5,505	4,820
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,660	5,205	4,455
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	665	300	370
Public transit	20	10	0
Walked	635	290	350
Bicycle	90	85	0
Other method	255	150	110
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	11,330	6,045	5,285
Less than 15 minutes	7,000	3,125	3,875
15 to 29 minutes	2,580	1,560	1,025
30 to 44 minutes	1,285	990	295
45 to 59 minutes	325	265	65
60 minutes and over	135	110	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	11,330	6,045	5,285
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	785	645	135
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,885	1,400	490
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,235	2,125	2,105
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,350	875	1,475
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	670	245	425
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,405	755	655
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,905	2,470	2,435
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	655	315	340
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,250	2,155	2,095
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,635	1,830	1,805
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	520	240	275
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	385	180	205
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	135	65	70
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,120	1,590	1,530

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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