Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Magog, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	28,312	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	26,669	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total private dwellings²	15,009	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	13,439	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	196.3	...	...	196.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	144.26	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	28,310	13,590	14,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,720	1,965	1,755	13.1	14.5	11.9
0 to 4 years	1,020	530	485	3.6	3.9	3.3
5 to 9 years	1,265	675	590	4.5	5.0	4.0
10 to 14 years	1,440	760	680	5.1	5.6	4.6
15 to 64 years	15,570	7,570	8,000	55.0	55.7	54.3
15 to 19 years	1,215	630	585	4.3	4.6	4.0
20 to 24 years	1,015	535	485	3.6	3.9	3.3
25 to 29 years	1,095	520	575	3.9	3.8	3.9
30 to 34 years	1,230	595	640	4.3	4.4	4.3
35 to 39 years	1,425	715	710	5.0	5.3	4.8
40 to 44 years	1,455	695	755	5.1	5.1	5.1
45 to 49 years	1,470	715	755	5.2	5.3	5.1
50 to 54 years	1,695	830	865	6.0	6.1	5.9
55 to 59 years	2,315	1,080	1,235	8.2	7.9	8.4
60 to 64 years	2,650	1,255	1,400	9.4	9.2	9.5
65 years and over	9,020	4,050	4,970	31.9	29.8	33.8
65 to 69 years	2,515	1,220	1,300	8.9	9.0	8.8
70 to 74 years	2,295	1,085	1,210	8.1	8.0	8.2
75 to 79 years	1,780	835	950	6.3	6.1	6.5
80 to 84 years	1,010	460	555	3.6	3.4	3.8
85 years and over	1,410	455	960	5.0	3.3	6.5
85 to 89 years	890	250	640	3.1	1.8	4.3
90 to 94 years	425	185	240	1.5	1.4	1.6
95 to 99 years	90	15	75	0.3	0.1	0.5
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.1	14.5	11.9	13.1	14.5	11.9
15 to 64 years	55.0	55.7	54.3	55.0	55.7	54.3
65 years and over	31.9	29.8	33.8	31.9	29.8	33.8
85 years and over	5.0	3.3	6.5	5.0	3.3	6.5
Average age of the population	49.5	47.9	51.0	49.5	47.9	51.0
Median age of the population	54.4	52.8	56.0	54.4	52.8	56.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,730	...	...	50.1	...	...
Semi-detached house	485	...	...	3.6	...	...
Row house	310	...	...	2.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,070	...	...	8.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,555	...	...	33.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
Other single-attached house	145	...	...	1.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	105	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	13,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	5,215	...	...	38.8	...	...
2 persons	5,310	...	...	39.5	...	...
3 persons	1,305	...	...	9.7	...	...
4 persons	1,070	...	...	8.0	...	...
5 or more persons	540	...	...	4.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	26,970	13,195	13,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	24,595	11,625	12,970	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	13,935	6,965	6,965	56.7	59.9	53.7
Married	7,900	3,940	3,955	32.1	33.9	30.5
Living common-law	6,035	3,025	3,005	24.5	26.0	23.2
Living common law - Never married	4,335	2,170	2,165	17.6	18.7	16.7
Living common law - Separated	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	1,475	750	720	6.0	6.5	5.6
Living common law - Widowed	165	75	85	0.7	0.6	0.7
Not married and not living common-law	10,660	4,655	6,010	43.3	40.0	46.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,115	3,165	2,950	24.9	27.2	22.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	290	135	155	1.2	1.2	1.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	2,330	920	1,410	9.5	7.9	10.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,920	430	1,485	7.8	3.7	11.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	7,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	5,280	...	...	66.2	...	...
3 persons	1,225	...	...	15.4	...	...
4 persons	1,000	...	...	12.5	...	...
5 or more persons	475	...	...	6.0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	7,980	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,810	...	...	85.3	...	...
Married couples	3,795	...	...	47.6	...	...
With children⁶	940	...	...	11.8	...	...
Without children	2,855	...	...	35.8	...	...
Common-law couples	3,020	...	...	37.8	...	...
With children⁶	1,290	...	...	16.2	...	...
Without children	1,720	...	...	21.6	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,165	...	...	14.6	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	825	...	...	10.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	345	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	26,970	13,195	13,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	20,760	10,390	10,370	77.0	78.7	75.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	13,625	6,825	6,800	50.5	51.7	49.4
Parents in one-parent families	1,165	340	825	4.3	2.6	6.0
Children⁶	5,970	3,220	2,750	22.1	24.4	20.0
In a two-parent family	4,185	2,240	1,945	15.5	17.0	14.1
In a one-parent family	1,785	980	805	6.6	7.4	5.8
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,210	2,810	3,400	23.0	21.3	24.7
Living alone	5,215	2,300	2,910	19.3	17.4	21.1
Living with other relatives⁷	405	170	235	1.5	1.3	1.7
Living with non-relatives only	595	335	260	2.2	2.5	1.9
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	7,570	...	...	56.3	...	...
Couple-family households	6,525	...	...	48.5	...	...
With children⁶	2,130	...	...	15.8	...	...
Without children	4,395	...	...	32.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,050	...	...	7.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	100	...	...	0.7	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	205	...	...	1.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	320	...	...	2.4	...	...
One-person households	5,215	...	...	38.8	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	23,280	11,250	12,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	22,990	11,120	11,870	98.8	98.8	98.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,400	34,400	38,000	42,400	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,000	11,120	11,880	98.8	98.8	98.8
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	37,200	30,800	33,600	37,200	30,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,410	10,055	10,355	87.7	89.4	86.1
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,600	35,200	24,600	29,600	35,200	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	14,735	7,565	7,170	63.3	67.2	59.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600	35,600	28,200	31,600	35,600	28,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,660	9,240	10,420	84.5	82.1	86.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,600	13,200	13,900	13,600	13,200	13,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,775	1,480	1,300	11.9	13.2	10.8
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,240	5,480	5,000	5,240	5,480	5,000
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,180	3,205	2,970	26.5	28.5	24.7
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,000	6,000	7,500	6,000	6,000	7,500
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	23,280	11,250	12,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,010	11,140	11,870	98.8	99.0	98.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,880	56,200	42,000	48,880	56,200	42,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,030	11,150	11,875	98.9	99.1	98.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,120	44,960	35,600	40,120	44,960	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,420	10,035	10,385	87.7	89.2	86.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,200	50,480	34,200	42,200	50,480	34,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	14,735	7,510	7,225	63.3	66.8	60.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,720	48,480	36,760	42,720	48,480	36,760
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,595	9,195	10,400	84.2	81.7	86.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,420	13,040	13,760	13,420	13,040	13,760
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,820	1,455	1,365	12.1	12.9	11.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,570	6,320	6,830	6,570	6,320	6,830
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,045	3,120	2,925	26.0	27.7	24.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,730	7,270	8,220	7,730	7,270	8,220
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	23,280	11,250	12,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,430	3,365	3,065	27.6	29.9	25.5
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	52,000	57,200	46,800	52,000	57,200	46,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,700	72,500	58,150	65,700	72,500	58,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,570	3,195	3,375	28.2	28.4	28.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	23,200	16,600	19,000	23,200	16,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,280	34,000	22,900	28,280	34,000	22,900
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.6	80.8	71.2	76.6	80.8	71.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.0	58.1	53.3	56.0	58.1	53.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.4	19.2	28.7	23.4	19.2	28.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.7	1.5	1.9	1.7	1.5	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	4.2	5.9	5.0	4.2	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	3.6	4.8	4.2	3.6	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	23,280	11,250	12,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	290	135	160	1.2	1.2	1.3
With total income	22,985	11,115	11,870	98.7	98.8	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,260	530	730	5.5	4.8	6.1
$10,000 to $19,999	3,040	1,115	1,925	13.2	10.0	16.2
$20,000 to $29,999	4,545	2,015	2,525	19.8	18.1	21.3
$30,000 to $39,999	3,380	1,555	1,830	14.7	14.0	15.4
$40,000 to $49,999	3,030	1,485	1,545	13.2	13.4	13.0
$50,000 to $59,999	2,240	1,190	1,055	9.7	10.7	8.9
$60,000 to $69,999	1,550	855	695	6.7	7.7	5.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,060	595	470	4.6	5.4	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	760	435	325	3.3	3.9	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	540	310	235	2.3	2.8	2.0
$100,000 and over	1,585	1,040	545	6.9	9.4	4.6
$100,000 to $149,999	1,025	630	390	4.5	5.7	3.3
$150,000 and over	560	410	155	2.4	3.7	1.3
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	23,280	11,250	12,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	285	130	155	1.2	1.2	1.3
With after-tax income	22,995	11,125	11,875	98.8	98.9	98.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,440	580	855	6.3	5.2	7.2
$10,000 to $19,999	3,215	1,200	2,015	14.0	10.8	17.0
$20,000 to $29,999	5,215	2,340	2,870	22.7	21.0	24.2
$30,000 to $39,999	4,185	2,020	2,160	18.2	18.2	18.2
$40,000 to $49,999	3,325	1,720	1,605	14.5	15.5	13.5
$50,000 to $59,999	2,075	1,165	910	9.0	10.5	7.7
$60,000 to $69,999	1,280	695	590	5.6	6.2	5.0
$70,000 to $79,999	805	430	370	3.5	3.9	3.1
$80,000 to $89,999	445	275	165	1.9	2.5	1.4
$90,000 to $99,999	280	165	110	1.2	1.5	0.9
$100,000 and over	740	520	220	3.2	4.7	1.9
$100,000 to $124,999	340	230	105	1.5	2.1	0.9
$125,000 and over	400	295	110	1.7	2.7	0.9
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	23,280	11,250	12,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	8,545	3,685	4,860	36.7	32.8	40.4
With employment income	14,735	7,565	7,170	63.3	67.2	59.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,135	1,080	1,055	14.5	14.3	14.7
$5,000 to $9,999	1,205	550	660	8.2	7.3	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	2,010	905	1,100	13.6	12.0	15.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,735	830	905	11.8	11.0	12.6
$30,000 to $39,999	1,715	805	910	11.6	10.6	12.7
$40,000 to $49,999	1,525	785	735	10.3	10.4	10.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,060	580	480	7.2	7.7	6.7
$60,000 to $69,999	840	500	340	5.7	6.6	4.7
$70,000 to $79,999	570	325	245	3.9	4.3	3.4
$80,000 to $89,999	545	300	245	3.7	4.0	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	330	195	140	2.2	2.6	2.0
$100,000 and over	1,065	705	355	7.2	9.3	5.0
$100,000 to $124,999	470	290	185	3.2	3.8	2.6
$125,000 and over	590	420	175	4.0	5.6	2.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	23,280	11,250	12,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,770	11,005	11,765	97.8	97.8	97.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	40,400	31,200	35,200	40,400	31,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,780	11,010	11,775	97.9	97.9	97.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	35,200	28,400	31,600	35,200	28,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,245	10,000	10,245	87.0	88.9	85.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,800	35,600	26,200	30,800	35,600	26,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	14,975	7,690	7,285	64.3	68.4	60.6
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	35,600	29,000	32,400	35,600	29,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,900	8,245	9,655	76.9	73.3	80.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,900	10,000	11,200	10,900	10,000	11,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,615	1,410	1,205	11.2	12.5	10.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,880	4,920	4,800	4,880	4,920	4,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	23,280	11,250	12,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,750	10,990	11,765	97.7	97.7	97.8
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,120	55,950	38,840	47,120	55,950	38,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,750	10,990	11,765	97.7	97.7	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,200	43,760	33,000	38,200	43,760	33,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,205	9,955	10,250	86.8	88.5	85.2
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,320	52,850	34,080	43,320	52,850	34,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	14,990	7,650	7,340	64.4	68.0	61.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,720	51,000	36,160	43,720	51,000	36,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,865	8,210	9,660	76.7	73.0	80.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,980	10,770	11,150	10,980	10,770	11,150
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,680	1,435	1,240	11.5	12.8	10.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,245	5,705	6,880	6,245	5,705	6,880
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	23,280	11,250	12,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,385	3,350	3,035	27.4	29.8	25.2
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,400	56,000	43,200	48,400	56,000	43,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	62,950	71,400	53,600	62,950	71,400	53,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,310	3,080	3,235	27.1	27.4	26.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,400	27,400	20,200	23,400	27,400	20,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,720	41,720	26,080	33,720	41,720	26,080
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	81.6	85.6	76.4	81.6	85.6	76.4
Employment income (%)	61.2	63.5	58.1	61.2	63.5	58.1
Government transfers (%)	18.3	14.4	23.6	18.3	14.4	23.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.3	1.9	1.6	1.3	1.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	13,435	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	62,400	...	...	62,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	5,215	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,400	...	...	34,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	31,200	...	...	31,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	8,225	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	13,435	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	83,700	...	...	83,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	68,800	...	...	68,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,240	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	43,120	...	...	43,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,440	...	...	36,440	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	8,200	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	109,600	...	...	109,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	89,400	...	...	89,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	0.6	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	190	...	...	1.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	340	...	...	2.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,070	...	...	8.0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	630	...	...	4.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	570	...	...	4.2	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	825	...	...	6.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	765	...	...	5.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	695	...	...	5.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,205	...	...	9.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	970	...	...	7.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	870	...	...	6.5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	840	...	...	6.3	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	670	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,625	...	...	27.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,290	...	...	9.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	850	...	...	6.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	775	...	...	5.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	720	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	90	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	205	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	370	...	...	2.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,120	...	...	8.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	780	...	...	5.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	765	...	...	5.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	945	...	...	7.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	895	...	...	6.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	760	...	...	5.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,285	...	...	9.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,100	...	...	8.2	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,075	...	...	8.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	785	...	...	5.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	700	...	...	5.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,470	...	...	18.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,090	...	...	8.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	575	...	...	4.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	805	...	...	6.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,995	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	4,425	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,250	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,135	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...	55,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	5,810	2,640	3,170	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,600	35,600	32,400	33,600	35,600	32,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,800	31,800	30,000	30,800	31,800	30,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,965	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,400	...	...	110,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	89,900	...	...	89,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,415	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	103,500	...	...	103,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	83,200	...	...	83,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,245	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,600	...	...	144,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,700	...	...	117,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,130	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,400	...	...	72,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,500	...	...	62,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	5,845	2,615	3,230	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,040	44,920	39,680	42,040	44,920	39,680
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,640	37,160	34,400	35,640	37,160	34,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	26,970	13,200	13,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,480	2,365	2,120	16.6	17.9	15.4
0 to 5 years	1,250	650	600	4.6	4.9	4.4
18 to 64 years	14,675	7,125	7,550	54.4	54.0	54.8
65 years and over	7,815	3,715	4,105	29.0	28.1	29.8
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,720	1,655	2,060	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	470	225	245	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	120	55	65	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,590	790	805	...	...	...
65 years and over	1,660	645	1,015	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.8	12.6	15.0	13.8	12.6	15.0
0 to 17 years (%)	10.5	9.5	11.6	10.5	9.5	11.6
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6	8.4	10.8	9.6	8.4	10.8
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	11.0	10.6	10.8	11.0	10.6
65 years and over (%)	21.2	17.4	24.7	21.2	17.4	24.7
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	26,970	13,195	13,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,475	2,360	2,115	16.6	17.9	15.4
0 to 5 years	1,250	650	600	4.6	4.9	4.4
18 to 64 years	14,675	7,120	7,555	54.4	54.0	54.8
65 years and over	7,815	3,710	4,100	29.0	28.1	29.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	815	410	405	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	95	40	55	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	620	330	285	...	...	...
65 years and over	105	40	70	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	3.1	2.9	3.0	3.1	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.1	1.8	2.5	2.1	1.8	2.5
0 to 5 years (%)	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.6	1.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	4.6	3.8	4.2	4.6	3.8
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.0	1.6	1.3	1.0	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	26,970	13,200	13,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	16,445	7,905	8,540	61.0	59.9	62.0
In bottom decile	2,885	1,295	1,590	10.7	9.8	11.5
In second decile	3,770	1,760	2,010	14.0	13.3	14.6
In third decile	3,520	1,710	1,810	13.1	13.0	13.1
In fourth decile	3,365	1,680	1,685	12.5	12.7	12.2
In fifth decile	2,910	1,465	1,445	10.8	11.1	10.5
In top half of the distribution	10,525	5,295	5,235	39.0	40.1	38.0
In sixth decile	2,820	1,400	1,415	10.5	10.6	10.3
In seventh decile	2,420	1,230	1,185	9.0	9.3	8.6
In eighth decile	2,110	1,045	1,065	7.8	7.9	7.7
In ninth decile	1,645	830	810	6.1	6.3	5.9
In top decile	1,535	785	755	5.7	5.9	5.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	26,970	...	...	26,970	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.344	...	...	0.344	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.494	...	...	0.494	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.292	...	...	0.292	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	27,865	13,450	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	480	235	240	1.7	1.7	1.7
French only	14,670	6,645	8,030	52.6	49.4	55.7
English and French	12,710	6,565	6,140	45.6	48.8	42.6
Neither English nor French	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	27,865	13,450	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,700	830	875	6.1	6.2	6.1
French	25,935	12,500	13,430	93.1	92.9	93.1
English and French	225	115	110	0.8	0.9	0.8
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	27,865	13,450	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	27,335	13,205	14,130	98.1	98.2	98.0
Official languages	26,840	12,965	13,880	96.3	96.4	96.3
English	1,485	725	760	5.3	5.4	5.3
French	25,355	12,240	13,120	91.0	91.0	91.0
Non-official languages	490	235	255	1.8	1.7	1.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	485	235	255	1.7	1.7	1.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Berber languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	30	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	355	165	190	1.3	1.2	1.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	20	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	60	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
German	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	240	105	135	0.9	0.8	0.9
Catalan	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	135	65	75	0.5	0.5	0.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	540	250	290	1.9	1.9	2.0
English and French	425	200	225	1.5	1.5	1.6
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	65	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	27,865	13,450	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	1,060	515	545	3.8	3.8	3.8
French	24,610	11,835	12,780	88.3	88.0	88.6
Non-official language	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	75	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
English and French	1,650	825	825	5.9	6.1	5.7
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	40	0.2	0.3	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	205	105	95	0.7	0.8	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	195	100	95	0.7	0.7	0.7
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	27,865	13,450	14,420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	27,390	13,205	14,180	98.3	98.2	98.3
Official languages	27,215	13,125	14,090	97.7	97.6	97.7
English	1,425	700	725	5.1	5.2	5.0
French	25,790	12,420	13,365	92.6	92.3	92.7
Non-official languages	180	85	95	0.6	0.6	0.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	180	85	95	0.6	0.6	0.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	125	60	65	0.4	0.4	0.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
German	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	45	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	475	240	235	1.7	1.8	1.6
English and French	400	200	200	1.4	1.5	1.4
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	27,865	13,450	14,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	26,180	12,600	13,580	94.0	93.7	94.2
English	1,000	490	510	3.6	3.6	3.5
French	360	185	175	1.3	1.4	1.2
Non-official language	175	90	85	0.6	0.7	0.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	175	90	85	0.6	0.7	0.6
English and French	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	100	55	50	0.4	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	26,970	13,195	13,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	26,960	13,190	13,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,035	6,760	6,275	48.3	51.2	45.6
French	26,510	12,965	13,550	98.3	98.3	98.4
Non-official languages	1,540	690	850	5.7	5.2	6.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,540	690	850	5.7	5.2	6.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	35	30	0.2	0.3	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,300	600	695	4.8	4.5	5.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	180	105	70	0.7	0.8	0.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	140	90	60	0.5	0.7	0.4
German	140	90	60	0.5	0.7	0.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,095	485	605	4.1	3.7	4.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	115	60	55	0.4	0.5	0.4
Portuguese	40	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Romanian	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	955	420	530	3.5	3.2	3.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,970	13,195	13,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	540	250	285	2.0	1.9	2.1
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	525	245	275	1.9	1.9	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	365	165	205	1.4	1.3	1.5
Métis	155	85	80	0.6	0.6	0.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	26,430	12,945	13,490	98.0	98.1	98.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	26,970	13,195	13,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	55	0	50	0.2	0.0	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	26,915	13,195	13,720	99.8	100.0	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	8,330	...	...	62.0	...	...
Renter	5,110	...	...	38.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	1,925	...	...	14.3	...	...
Not condominium	11,510	...	...	85.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	1,825	...	...	13.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,820	...	...	35.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,325	...	...	32.2	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,420	...	...	18.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,960	...	...	36.9	...	...
5 rooms	2,300	...	...	17.1	...	...
6 rooms	1,510	...	...	11.2	...	...
7 rooms	1,500	...	...	11.2	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,175	...	...	23.6	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,365	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	75	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	13,170	...	...	98.0	...	...
Not suitable	270	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,630	...	...	19.6	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,345	...	...	24.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,040	...	...	15.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,560	...	...	11.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,120	...	...	8.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,145	...	...	8.5	...	...
2011 to 2015	940	...	...	7.0	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	665	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	12,785	...	...	95.1	...	...
Major repairs needed	650	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	7,905	...	...	58.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	5,320	...	...	39.6	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	215	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	240	...	...	1.8	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,160	...	...	8.6	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,725	...	...	12.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,055	...	...	15.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,970	...	...	22.1	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,100	...	...	23.1	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,760	...	...	13.1	...	...
85 years and over	425	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	13,395	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	11,305	...	...	84.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,095	...	...	15.6	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,995	...	...	14.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	13,440	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,885	...	...	21.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,985	...	...	14.8	...	...
Not suitable only	235	...	...	1.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	535	...	...	4.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	90	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	10,555	...	...	78.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	13,295	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	440	...	...	3.3	...	...
Not in core need	12,850	...	...	96.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,300	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	57.7	...	...	57.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	9.9	...	...	9.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.8	...	...	0.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930	...	...	930	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,040	...	...	1,040	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	284,000	...	...	284,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	346,400	...	...	346,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,115	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	10.3	...	...	10.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.0	...	...	25.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	685	...	...	685	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	749	...	...	749	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	26,970	13,195	13,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	530	255	280	2.0	1.9	2.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	525	245	280	1.9	1.9	2.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	470	215	255	1.7	1.6	1.9
Métis single ancestry	55	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	735	355	385	2.7	2.7	2.8
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	720	340	380	2.7	2.6	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	660	310	345	2.4	2.3	2.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	65	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	25,700	12,595	13,110	95.3	95.5	95.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	26,970	13,195	13,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	26,610	12,990	13,625	98.7	98.4	98.9
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,460	2,360	2,095	16.5	17.9	15.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	22,155	10,630	11,525	82.1	80.6	83.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	355	205	150	1.3	1.6	1.1
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	26,970	13,195	13,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	25,830	12,630	13,200	95.8	95.7	95.8
Immigrants⁸¹	1,020	485	535	3.8	3.7	3.9
Before 1980	260	135	125	1.0	1.0	0.9
1980 to 1990	120	65	60	0.4	0.5	0.4
1991 to 2000	150	80	65	0.6	0.6	0.5
2001 to 2010	240	110	130	0.9	0.8	0.9
2011 to 2021⁸²	250	100	150	0.9	0.8	1.1
2011 to 2015	145	45	100	0.5	0.3	0.7
2016 to 2021	105	55	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-permanent residents⁸³	120	80	40	0.4	0.6	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,020	485	535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	115	75	45	11.3	15.5	8.4
5 to 14 years	125	45	85	12.3	9.3	15.9
15 to 24 years	195	95	100	19.1	19.6	18.7
25 to 44 years	490	235	255	48.0	48.5	47.7
45 years and over	95	35	55	9.3	7.2	10.3
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,020	485	535	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	250	105	145	24.5	21.6	27.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	15	0	15	1.5	0.0	2.8
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	40	0	30	3.9	0.0	5.6
Peru	10	0	0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	100	55	40	9.8	11.3	7.5
Other places of birth in Americas	65	25	40	6.4	5.2	7.5
Europe	525	275	245	51.5	56.7	45.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	290	155	135	28.4	32.0	25.2
Germany	20	0	20	2.0	0.0	3.7
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	20	10	10	2.0	2.1	1.9
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	15	0	10	1.5	0.0	1.9
Romania	20	0	20	2.0	0.0	3.7
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	0	1.5	2.1	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	110	65	45	10.8	13.4	8.4
Africa	155	85	65	15.2	17.5	12.1
Algeria	15	0	10	1.5	0.0	1.9
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	45	20	25	4.4	4.1	4.7
Egypt	10	10	0	1.0	2.1	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	25	10	10	2.5	2.1	1.9
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	35	20	5.4	7.2	3.7
Asia	95	25	75	9.3	5.2	14.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	30	10	20	2.9	2.1	3.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	0	15	1.5	0.0	2.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	10	30	3.9	2.1	5.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	105	55	50	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	35	15	20	33.3	27.3	40.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	10	0	9.5	18.2	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	9.5	0.0	20.0
Europe	45	35	10	42.9	63.6	20.0
France	40	30	10	38.1	54.5	20.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	20	0	15	19.0	0.0	30.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	9.5	0.0	20.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	26,970	13,195	13,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,350	665	690	5.0	5.0	5.0
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,110	530	580	4.1	4.0	4.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	24,510	12,005	12,505	90.9	91.0	90.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	760	350	410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	410	220	190	53.9	62.9	46.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	255	175	90	33.6	50.0	22.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	155	55	100	20.4	15.7	24.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	325	120	210	42.8	34.3	51.2
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20	10	10	2.6	2.9	2.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	760	350	410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	10	10	2.0	2.9	2.4
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	110	55	55	14.5	15.7	13.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	20	0	15	2.6	0.0	3.7
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	45	30	20	5.9	8.6	4.9
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	560	250	310	73.7	71.4	75.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	26,970	13,195	13,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	555	230	315	2.1	1.7	2.3
South Asian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese	65	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Black	210	100	110	0.8	0.8	0.8
Filipino	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arab	60	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.3
Latin American	115	45	75	0.4	0.3	0.5
Southeast Asian	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	26,420	12,965	13,455	98.0	98.3	97.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	26,970	13,200	13,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	10,525	5,120	5,400	39.0	38.8	39.2
English	630	325	305	2.3	2.5	2.2
Irish	1,380	695	685	5.1	5.3	5.0
Scottish	535	260	285	2.0	2.0	2.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	7,205	3,670	3,535	26.7	27.8	25.7
German	330	135	190	1.2	1.0	1.4
Chinese	75	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
Italian	400	205	195	1.5	1.6	1.4
Indian (India)	65	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Ukrainian	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dutch	110	60	50	0.4	0.5	0.4
Polish	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Québécois	3,200	1,570	1,625	11.9	11.9	11.8
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	110	60	50	0.4	0.5	0.4
Filipino	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
French Canadian	2,820	1,365	1,455	10.5	10.3	10.6
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	655	340	310	2.4	2.6	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	505	200	300	1.9	1.5	2.2
Métis	140	75	60	0.5	0.6	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	330	150	180	1.2	1.1	1.3
Russian	40	30	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Portuguese	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
American	145	90	60	0.5	0.7	0.4
Spanish	105	60	45	0.4	0.5	0.3
Swedish	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Acadian	200	95	110	0.7	0.7	0.8
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jewish	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Greek	30	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	30	20	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Lebanese	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	430	240	190	1.6	1.8	1.4
Danish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	160	85	75	0.6	0.6	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Belgian	185	80	105	0.7	0.6	0.8
Haitian	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	115	70	50	0.4	0.5	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Moroccan	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Brazilian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Algonquin	90	65	35	0.3	0.5	0.3
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Congolese	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dominican	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	135	75	60	0.5	0.6	0.4
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	55	35	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Norman	55	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	26,970	13,195	13,770	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian	19,530	9,425	10,100	72.4	71.4	73.3
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,290	695	595	4.8	5.3	4.3
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	160	65	95	0.6	0.5	0.7
Baptist	90	30	60	0.3	0.2	0.4
Catholic	17,350	8,350	9,000	64.3	63.3	65.4
Christian Orthodox	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	100	40	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	40	25	20	0.1	0.2	0.1
Lutheran	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Presbyterian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	100	50	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	265	125	145	1.0	0.9	1.1
Hindu	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Jewish	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Muslim	90	40	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
No religion and secular perspectives	7,250	3,690	3,555	26.9	28.0	25.8
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	26,765	13,090	13,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	23,380	11,525	11,850	87.4	88.0	86.6
Movers	3,390	1,560	1,825	12.7	11.9	13.3
Non-migrants	1,720	800	915	6.4	6.1	6.7
Migrants	1,670	755	910	6.2	5.8	6.7
Internal migrants	1,635	740	895	6.1	5.7	6.5
Intraprovincial migrants	1,610	725	885	6.0	5.5	6.5
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
External migrants	35	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	25,935	12,635	13,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	15,060	7,410	7,650	58.1	58.6	57.5
Movers	10,875	5,225	5,650	41.9	41.4	42.5
Non-migrants	4,780	2,275	2,505	18.4	18.0	18.8
Migrants	6,095	2,950	3,145	23.5	23.3	23.6
Internal migrants	5,815	2,810	3,005	22.4	22.2	22.6
Intraprovincial migrants	5,575	2,685	2,885	21.5	21.3	21.7
Interprovincial migrants	240	120	115	0.9	0.9	0.9
External migrants	280	145	140	1.1	1.1	1.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	23,280	11,250	12,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	5,435	2,960	2,470	23.3	26.3	20.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	17,850	8,290	9,560	76.7	73.7	79.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,225	6,345	6,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,170	1,300	870	16.4	20.5	12.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	11,055	5,045	6,010	83.6	79.5	87.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	23,280	11,250	12,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,850	2,525	2,325	20.8	22.4	19.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,330	2,420	2,905	22.9	21.5	24.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,100	6,305	6,795	56.3	56.0	56.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	8,550	4,265	4,285	36.7	37.9	35.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,295	2,540	1,755	18.4	22.6	14.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	3,020	1,520	1,495	13.0	13.5	12.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	1,275	1,020	255	5.5	9.1	2.1
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,540	1,470	2,070	15.2	13.1	17.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	715	255	460	3.1	2.3	3.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,550	2,035	2,510	19.5	18.1	20.9
Bachelor's degree	2,770	1,250	1,520	11.9	11.1	12.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	415	175	245	1.8	1.6	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	135	75	60	0.6	0.7	0.5
Master's degree	1,075	430	645	4.6	3.8	5.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	155	105	50	0.7	0.9	0.4
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,220	6,350	6,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,810	1,045	765	13.7	16.5	11.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,535	1,200	1,330	19.2	18.9	19.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,880	4,100	4,780	67.2	64.6	69.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,730	2,845	2,885	43.3	44.8	42.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,080	1,790	1,290	23.3	28.2	18.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	2,205	1,085	1,125	16.7	17.1	16.4
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	875	705	165	6.6	11.1	2.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,275	925	1,355	17.2	14.6	19.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	375	130	240	2.8	2.0	3.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,155	1,255	1,895	23.9	19.8	27.6
Bachelor's degree	1,970	835	1,140	14.9	13.1	16.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	260	75	190	2.0	1.2	2.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	40	50	0.7	0.6	0.7
Master's degree	735	250	485	5.6	3.9	7.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	95	60	35	0.7	0.9	0.5
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	23,280	11,255	12,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	10,180	4,950	5,235	43.7	44.0	43.5
Education	1,140	345	800	4.9	3.1	6.7
13. Education	1,140	345	800	4.9	3.1	6.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	490	210	280	2.1	1.9	2.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	445	175	270	1.9	1.6	2.2
Humanities	700	285	410	3.0	2.5	3.4
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	80	30	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	380	155	220	1.6	1.4	1.8
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	40	35	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	125	30	90	0.5	0.3	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,130	325	810	4.9	2.9	6.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	35	105	0.6	0.3	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	35	200	1.0	0.3	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	220	85	140	0.9	0.8	1.2
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	210	30	185	0.9	0.3	1.5
45. Social sciences	280	145	135	1.2	1.3	1.1
Business, management and public administration	3,065	1,090	1,975	13.2	9.7	16.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	35	125	0.7	0.3	1.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,895	1,055	1,845	12.4	9.4	15.3
Physical and life sciences and technologies	365	180	185	1.6	1.6	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	65	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	70	25	45	0.3	0.2	0.4
40. Physical sciences	90	65	25	0.4	0.6	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	300	190	105	1.3	1.7	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	235	155	75	1.0	1.4	0.6
25. Library science	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,865	2,655	215	12.3	23.6	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	85	60	25	0.4	0.5	0.2
14. Engineering	450	370	80	1.9	3.3	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	485	425	60	2.1	3.8	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	745	725	20	3.2	6.4	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	585	570	10	2.5	5.1	0.1
48. Precision production	515	495	20	2.2	4.4	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	255	115	145	1.1	1.0	1.2
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	165	65	105	0.7	0.6	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	50	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Health and related fields	1,685	300	1,385	7.2	2.7	11.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	80	35	45	0.3	0.3	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,555	240	1,315	6.7	2.1	10.9
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,090	615	480	4.7	5.5	4.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	630	195	430	2.7	1.7	3.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	210	190	20	0.9	1.7	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	250	225	25	1.1	2.0	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,225	6,345	6,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,340	2,245	2,095	32.8	35.4	30.5
Education	645	160	485	4.9	2.5	7.0
13. Education	645	160	485	4.9	2.5	7.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	370	155	215	2.8	2.4	3.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	10	0.3	0.4	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	335	135	200	2.5	2.1	2.9
Humanities	380	145	230	2.9	2.3	3.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	230	90	140	1.7	1.4	2.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	65	20	45	0.5	0.3	0.7
Social and behavioural sciences and law	780	165	620	5.9	2.6	9.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	35	90	0.9	0.6	1.3
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	195	15	180	1.5	0.2	2.6
22. Legal professions and studies	130	25	100	1.0	0.4	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
42. Psychology	145	20	130	1.1	0.3	1.9
45. Social sciences	165	75	85	1.2	1.2	1.2
Business, management and public administration	2,115	670	1,445	16.0	10.6	21.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	15	80	0.7	0.2	1.2
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,020	655	1,365	15.3	10.3	19.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	125	110	1.8	2.0	1.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	65	45	0.8	1.0	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	70	45	25	0.5	0.7	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	120	90	1.6	1.9	1.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	180	105	70	1.4	1.7	1.0
25. Library science	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,065	1,885	180	15.6	29.7	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	45	35	10	0.3	0.6	0.1
14. Engineering	360	290	75	2.7	4.6	1.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	350	295	55	2.6	4.6	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	535	520	15	4.0	8.2	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	380	370	10	2.9	5.8	0.1
48. Precision production	395	380	15	3.0	6.0	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	190	75	115	1.4	1.2	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110	40	75	0.8	0.6	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	40	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
Health and related fields	1,075	170	905	8.1	2.7	13.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	35	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,015	160	855	7.7	2.5	12.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Personal, protective and transportation services	810	425	385	6.1	6.7	5.6
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	460	120	340	3.5	1.9	4.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	170	145	25	1.3	2.3	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	185	165	20	1.4	2.6	0.3
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	13,225	6,345	6,880	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,340	2,245	2,095	32.8	35.4	30.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	8,885	4,100	4,780	67.2	64.6	69.5
Location of study inside Canada	8,440	3,875	4,565	63.8	61.1	66.4
Same as province or territory of residence	8,270	3,800	4,465	62.5	59.9	64.9
Different than province or territory of residence	170	70	100	1.3	1.1	1.5
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	440	225	220	3.3	3.5	3.2
Americas	105	55	50	0.8	0.9	0.7
United States of America	60	45	20	0.5	0.7	0.3
Mexico	20	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
Cuba	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	260	125	140	2.0	2.0	2.0
Belgium	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
France	185	95	90	1.4	1.5	1.3
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Africa	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	20	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Asia	40	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	23,280	11,250	12,030	...	...	...
In the labour force	13,140	6,635	6,505	...	...	...
Employed	12,115	6,115	6,000	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,025	520	505	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	10,140	4,615	5,525	...	...	...
Participation rate	56.4	59.0	54.1	56.4	59.0	54.1
Employment rate	52.0	54.4	49.9	52.0	54.4	49.9
Unemployment rate	7.8	7.8	7.8	7.8	7.8	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	23,280	11,255	12,030	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	9,800	4,400	5,400	42.1	39.1	44.9
Worked	13,480	6,850	6,630	57.9	60.9	55.1
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,615	3,490	3,125	28.4	31.0	26.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	6,865	3,360	3,510	29.5	29.9	29.2
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.7	40.9	41.3	41.7	40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	13,145	6,635	6,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	130	165	2.2	2.0	2.5
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	12,850	6,505	6,345	97.8	98.0	97.5
Employee	10,880	5,405	5,470	82.8	81.5	84.1
Permanent position	9,135	4,575	4,560	69.5	69.0	70.1
Temporary position	1,745	835	915	13.3	12.6	14.1
Fixed term (1 year or more)	475	170	300	3.6	2.6	4.6
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,270	660	615	9.7	9.9	9.5
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,975	1,100	870	15.0	16.6	13.4
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	13,145	6,635	6,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	130	165	2.2	2.0	2.5
All occupations¹⁹¹	12,850	6,505	6,345	97.8	98.0	97.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	280	200	80	2.1	3.0	1.2
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,115	645	1,470	16.1	9.7	22.6
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	765	560	205	5.8	8.4	3.2
3 Health occupations	1,105	190	915	8.4	2.9	14.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,260	375	880	9.6	5.7	13.5
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	385	210	180	2.9	3.2	2.8
6 Sales and service occupations	3,780	1,620	2,160	28.8	24.4	33.2
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,235	2,055	180	17.0	31.0	2.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	220	170	55	1.7	2.6	0.8
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	715	495	220	5.4	7.5	3.4
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	13,145	6,635	6,505	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	290	130	165	2.2	2.0	2.5
All industries¹⁹¹	12,850	6,505	6,345	97.8	98.0	97.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	100	55	45	0.8	0.8	0.7
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
22 Utilities	60	45	15	0.5	0.7	0.2
23 Construction	1,085	930	150	8.3	14.0	2.3
31-33 Manufacturing	1,770	1,275	500	13.5	19.2	7.7
41 Wholesale trade	365	255	105	2.8	3.8	1.6
44-45 Retail trade	1,855	830	1,030	14.1	12.5	15.8
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	295	240	55	2.2	3.6	0.8
51 Information and cultural industries	175	120	55	1.3	1.8	0.8
52 Finance and insurance	330	155	170	2.5	2.3	2.6
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	210	130	85	1.6	2.0	1.3
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	890	445	445	6.8	6.7	6.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	605	315	290	4.6	4.7	4.5
61 Educational services	870	270	595	6.6	4.1	9.1
62 Health care and social assistance	1,735	305	1,430	13.2	4.6	22.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	305	155	150	2.3	2.3	2.3
72 Accommodation and food services	910	375	535	6.9	5.7	8.2
81 Other services (except public administration)	635	280	355	4.8	4.2	5.5
91 Public administration	635	305	335	4.8	4.6	5.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	14,215	7,230	6,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	320	200	125	2.3	2.8	1.8
French	10,720	5,465	5,255	75.4	75.6	75.3
Non-official language	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and French	3,085	1,520	1,565	21.7	21.0	22.4
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	40	20	0.5	0.6	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	14,215	7,230	6,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	13,810	7,005	6,815	97.2	96.9	97.6
Official languages	13,800	6,995	6,800	97.1	96.7	97.4
English	730	410	315	5.1	5.7	4.5
French	13,070	6,585	6,485	91.9	91.1	92.9
Non-official languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	400	230	170	2.8	3.2	2.4
English and French	395	230	165	2.8	3.2	2.4
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	14,215	7,230	6,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	11,435	5,885	5,550	80.4	81.4	79.5
English	2,325	1,100	1,220	16.4	15.2	17.5
French	385	195	190	2.7	2.7	2.7
Non-official language	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	12,115	6,115	6,000	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,095	975	1,115	17.3	15.9	18.6
Worked outside Canada	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
No fixed workplace address	1,275	925	345	10.5	15.1	5.8
Usual place of work	8,730	4,205	4,525	72.1	68.8	75.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	8,725	4,205	4,525	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,930	2,190	2,745	56.5	52.1	60.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	630	310	325	7.2	7.4	7.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,160	1,705	1,455	36.2	40.5	32.2
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	10,000	5,125	4,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	9,065	4,685	4,375	90.7	91.4	89.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	8,555	4,420	4,135	85.6	86.2	84.9
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	510	265	245	5.1	5.2	5.0
Public transit	30	0	20	0.3	0.0	0.4
Walked	675	295	375	6.8	5.8	7.7
Bicycle	95	75	20	1.0	1.5	0.4
Other method	145	65	80	1.5	1.3	1.6
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	10,000	5,125	4,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,570	2,175	2,395	45.7	42.4	49.2
15 to 29 minutes	2,795	1,510	1,285	28.0	29.5	26.4
30 to 44 minutes	1,965	1,025	935	19.7	20.0	19.2
45 to 59 minutes	290	160	130	2.9	3.1	2.7
60 minutes and over	375	255	120	3.8	5.0	2.5
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	10,000	5,125	4,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	525	410	115	5.3	8.0	2.4
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,845	1,230	615	18.5	24.0	12.6
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,260	1,640	1,625	32.6	32.0	33.4
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,135	870	1,260	21.4	17.0	25.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	945	320	620	9.5	6.2	12.7
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,285	650	635	12.9	12.7	13.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,570	2,405	2,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	770	400	365	16.8	16.6	16.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,800	2,005	1,795	83.2	83.4	82.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,500	1,845	1,650	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	610	320	285	17.4	17.3	17.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	460	245	220	13.1	13.3	13.3
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	145	80	70	4.1	4.3	4.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,895	1,525	1,365	82.7	82.7	82.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 14, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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