Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Saint-Lambert, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	22,761	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	21,861	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total private dwellings²	11,058	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	10,552	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3,009.8	...	...	3,009.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7.56	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	22,760	10,325	12,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	3,415	1,710	1,705	15.0	16.6	13.7
0 to 4 years	925	435	495	4.1	4.2	4.0
5 to 9 years	1,175	615	560	5.2	6.0	4.5
10 to 14 years	1,310	660	650	5.8	6.4	5.2
15 to 64 years	12,795	6,110	6,680	56.2	59.2	53.7
15 to 19 years	1,235	640	600	5.4	6.2	4.8
20 to 24 years	1,045	530	515	4.6	5.1	4.1
25 to 29 years	850	400	450	3.7	3.9	3.6
30 to 34 years	1,010	465	550	4.4	4.5	4.4
35 to 39 years	1,235	585	655	5.4	5.7	5.3
40 to 44 years	1,425	650	780	6.3	6.3	6.3
45 to 49 years	1,440	685	750	6.3	6.6	6.0
50 to 54 years	1,425	700	725	6.3	6.8	5.8
55 to 59 years	1,590	755	835	7.0	7.3	6.7
60 to 64 years	1,530	710	820	6.7	6.9	6.6
65 years and over	6,550	2,500	4,045	28.8	24.2	32.5
65 to 69 years	1,450	615	835	6.4	6.0	6.7
70 to 74 years	1,545	655	890	6.8	6.3	7.2
75 to 79 years	1,335	490	845	5.9	4.7	6.8
80 to 84 years	1,050	415	630	4.6	4.0	5.1
85 years and over	1,170	320	850	5.1	3.1	6.8
85 to 89 years	730	205	525	3.2	2.0	4.2
90 to 94 years	340	95	240	1.5	0.9	1.9
95 to 99 years	90	20	70	0.4	0.2	0.6
100 years and over	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.0	16.6	13.7	15.0	16.6	13.7
15 to 64 years	56.2	59.2	53.7	56.2	59.2	53.7
65 years and over	28.8	24.2	32.5	28.8	24.2	32.5
85 years and over	5.1	3.1	6.8	5.1	3.1	6.8
Average age of the population	47.1	44.5	49.1	47.1	44.5	49.1
Median age of the population	49.2	46.4	51.6	49.2	46.4	51.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	3,025	...	...	28.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	725	...	...	6.9	...	...
Row house	485	...	...	4.6	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	185	...	...	1.8	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,665	...	...	34.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,445	...	...	23.2	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	10,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	4,435	...	...	42.0	...	...
2 persons	3,240	...	...	30.7	...	...
3 persons	1,180	...	...	11.2	...	...
4 persons	1,250	...	...	11.8	...	...
5 or more persons	455	...	...	4.3	...	...
Number of persons in private households	21,795	10,045	11,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	19,345	8,620	10,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	10,270	5,130	5,140	53.1	59.5	47.9
Married	6,405	3,190	3,220	33.1	37.0	30.0
Living common-law	3,865	1,945	1,925	20.0	22.6	17.9
Living common law - Never married	3,060	1,505	1,555	15.8	17.5	14.5
Living common law - Separated	35	25	5	0.2	0.3	0.0
Living common law - Divorced	710	380	330	3.7	4.4	3.1
Living common law - Widowed	65	35	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	9,075	3,490	5,590	46.9	40.5	52.1
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,580	2,525	3,050	28.8	29.3	28.4
Not married and not living common law - Separated	325	155	170	1.7	1.8	1.6
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,785	540	1,245	9.2	6.3	11.6
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,385	265	1,120	7.2	3.1	10.4
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	5,950	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,135	...	...	52.7	...	...
3 persons	1,160	...	...	19.5	...	...
4 persons	1,230	...	...	20.7	...	...
5 or more persons	425	...	...	7.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	5,950	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	5,020	...	...	84.4	...	...
Married couples	3,090	...	...	51.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,485	...	...	25.0	...	...
Without children	1,605	...	...	27.0	...	...
Common-law couples	1,935	...	...	32.5	...	...
With children⁶	955	...	...	16.1	...	...
Without children	980	...	...	16.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	925	...	...	15.5	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	675	...	...	11.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	255	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	21,790	10,045	11,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	16,860	8,285	8,575	77.4	82.5	73.0
Married spouses or common-law partners	10,045	5,035	5,010	46.1	50.1	42.6
Parents in one-parent families	930	255	675	4.3	2.5	5.7
Children⁶	5,890	3,000	2,885	27.0	29.9	24.6
In a two-parent family	4,505	2,290	2,215	20.7	22.8	18.9
In a one-parent family	1,385	710	675	6.4	7.1	5.7
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,935	1,755	3,175	22.6	17.5	27.0
Living alone	4,435	1,525	2,910	20.4	15.2	24.8
Living with other relatives⁷	195	70	125	0.9	0.7	1.1
Living with non-relatives only	300	165	140	1.4	1.6	1.2
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	10,555	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,810	...	...	55.0	...	...
Couple-family households	4,935	...	...	46.8	...	...
With children⁶	2,385	...	...	22.6	...	...
Without children	2,550	...	...	24.2	...	...
One-parent-family households	875	...	...	8.3	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	65	...	...	0.6	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	190	...	...	1.8	...	...
One-person households	4,435	...	...	42.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	18,380	8,335	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,900	8,100	9,795	97.4	97.2	97.5
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,800	61,200	48,000	52,800	61,200	48,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,900	8,105	9,795	97.4	97.2	97.5
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	50,400	41,200	44,400	50,400	41,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	16,810	7,675	9,135	91.5	92.1	90.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	56,400	38,800	45,600	56,400	38,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,560	6,175	6,385	68.3	74.1	63.6
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,600	55,200	44,800	49,600	55,200	44,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,680	5,495	8,180	74.4	65.9	81.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,800	10,800	12,400	11,800	10,800	12,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,130	500	630	6.1	6.0	6.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,680	5,480	5,880	5,680	5,480	5,880
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,910	1,905	2,010	21.3	22.9	20.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	6,500	8,000	8,000	6,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	18,380	8,335	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,840	8,075	9,760	97.1	96.9	97.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	89,500	114,800	68,600	89,500	114,800	68,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,840	8,075	9,760	97.1	96.9	97.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,500	79,100	52,450	64,500	79,100	52,450
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	16,790	7,670	9,120	91.3	92.0	90.8
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	85,400	112,900	62,400	85,400	112,900	62,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,555	6,165	6,395	68.3	74.0	63.7
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	89,200	112,400	66,900	89,200	112,400	66,900
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,700	5,520	8,180	74.5	66.2	81.4
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,870	11,170	12,340	11,870	11,170	12,340
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,085	455	625	5.9	5.5	6.2
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,120	6,220	9,480	8,120	6,220	9,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,025	1,995	2,035	21.9	23.9	20.3
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,090	7,720	8,450	8,090	7,720	8,450
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	18,380	8,335	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,285	3,235	3,045	34.2	38.8	30.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	91,000	102,000	83,000	91,000	102,000	83,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	141,600	175,400	105,900	141,600	175,400	105,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,800	2,240	2,560	26.1	26.9	25.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	16,800	16,800	16,800	16,800	16,800	16,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	42,280	47,560	37,600	42,280	47,560	37,600
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.8	93.4	85.0	89.8	93.4	85.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	70.2	74.6	63.9	70.2	74.6	63.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.2	6.7	15.1	10.2	6.7	15.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.3	0.9	0.6	0.3	0.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	2.4	1.9	3.1	2.4	1.9	3.1
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.0	1.7	2.6	2.0	1.7	2.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	18,380	8,335	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	485	235	250	2.6	2.8	2.5
With total income	17,895	8,100	9,800	97.4	97.2	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,310	620	690	7.3	7.7	7.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,570	635	940	8.8	7.8	9.6
$20,000 to $29,999	2,275	840	1,440	12.7	10.4	14.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,715	645	1,065	9.6	8.0	10.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,610	665	945	9.0	8.2	9.6
$50,000 to $59,999	1,500	590	910	8.4	7.3	9.3
$60,000 to $69,999	1,145	485	665	6.4	6.0	6.8
$70,000 to $79,999	1,040	445	595	5.8	5.5	6.1
$80,000 to $89,999	825	375	450	4.6	4.6	4.6
$90,000 to $99,999	700	330	375	3.9	4.1	3.8
$100,000 and over	4,210	2,480	1,730	23.5	30.6	17.7
$100,000 to $149,999	2,010	1,060	945	11.2	13.1	9.6
$150,000 and over	2,200	1,420	785	12.3	17.5	8.0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	18,380	8,335	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	480	235	250	2.6	2.8	2.5
With after-tax income	17,900	8,100	9,800	97.4	97.2	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,435	655	780	8.0	8.1	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,705	690	1,020	9.5	8.5	10.4
$20,000 to $29,999	2,615	975	1,635	14.6	12.0	16.7
$30,000 to $39,999	2,180	855	1,325	12.2	10.6	13.5
$40,000 to $49,999	2,115	850	1,260	11.8	10.5	12.9
$50,000 to $59,999	1,605	680	930	9.0	8.4	9.5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,255	555	705	7.0	6.9	7.2
$70,000 to $79,999	1,000	475	525	5.6	5.9	5.4
$80,000 to $89,999	775	405	370	4.3	5.0	3.8
$90,000 to $99,999	600	320	280	3.4	4.0	2.9
$100,000 and over	2,610	1,640	965	14.6	20.2	9.8
$100,000 to $124,999	985	565	415	5.5	7.0	4.2
$125,000 and over	1,625	1,075	550	9.1	13.3	5.6
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	18,380	8,335	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,820	2,160	3,665	31.7	25.9	36.5
With employment income	12,555	6,175	6,385	68.3	74.1	63.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,015	980	1,035	16.0	15.9	16.2
$5,000 to $9,999	955	425	530	7.6	6.9	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	1,120	470	645	8.9	7.6	10.1
$20,000 to $29,999	840	390	445	6.7	6.3	7.0
$30,000 to $39,999	675	330	350	5.4	5.3	5.5
$40,000 to $49,999	715	335	375	5.7	5.4	5.9
$50,000 to $59,999	700	300	405	5.6	4.9	6.3
$60,000 to $69,999	605	265	340	4.8	4.3	5.3
$70,000 to $79,999	625	270	355	5.0	4.4	5.6
$80,000 to $89,999	560	230	325	4.5	3.7	5.1
$90,000 to $99,999	465	220	240	3.7	3.6	3.8
$100,000 and over	3,290	1,960	1,330	26.2	31.7	20.8
$100,000 to $124,999	900	475	430	7.2	7.7	6.7
$125,000 and over	2,385	1,490	900	19.0	24.1	14.1
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	18,380	8,335	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,495	7,890	9,605	95.2	94.7	95.6
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,800	61,600	47,200	52,800	61,600	47,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	17,505	7,890	9,615	95.2	94.7	95.7
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	50,400	39,600	44,000	50,400	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	16,490	7,520	8,965	89.7	90.2	89.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,200	59,200	40,000	47,200	59,200	40,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,430	6,105	6,330	67.6	73.2	63.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,400	57,200	44,800	50,400	57,200	44,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,455	4,885	7,570	67.8	58.6	75.4
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	6,360	9,500	8,600	6,360	9,500
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,020	455	565	5.5	5.5	5.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,560	4,520	8,100	5,560	4,520	8,100
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	18,380	8,335	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,525	7,890	9,640	95.3	94.7	96.0
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	86,800	111,800	66,300	86,800	111,800	66,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	17,535	7,895	9,640	95.4	94.7	96.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	61,850	76,100	50,160	61,850	76,100	50,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	16,570	7,550	9,020	90.2	90.6	89.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	84,500	111,100	62,150	84,500	111,100	62,150
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,535	6,160	6,370	68.2	73.9	63.4
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	87,400	108,600	66,900	87,400	108,600	66,900
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,485	4,925	7,560	67.9	59.1	75.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,700	8,690	10,350	9,700	8,690	10,350
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,025	450	575	5.6	5.4	5.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,180	6,220	11,520	9,180	6,220	11,520
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	18,380	8,335	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	6,245	3,225	3,025	34.0	38.7	30.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	88,000	100,000	79,500	88,000	100,000	79,500
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	133,400	164,600	100,100	133,400	164,600	100,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,490	2,090	2,395	24.4	25.1	23.8
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,400	22,400	19,600	20,400	22,400	19,600
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	50,080	55,200	45,600	50,080	55,200	45,600
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	92.0	95.2	87.8	92.0	95.2	87.8
Employment income (%)	72.0	75.8	66.8	72.0	75.8	66.8
Government transfers (%)	8.0	4.9	12.2	8.0	4.9	12.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.3	1.0	0.6	0.3	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	10,555	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	4,435	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...	47,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200	...	...	41,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	6,120	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	139,000	...	...	139,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	110,000	...	...	110,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	10,555	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	151,400	...	...	151,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	109,100	...	...	109,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,435	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	63,750	...	...	63,750	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	51,040	...	...	51,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	6,115	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	214,800	...	...	214,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	151,200	...	...	151,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	85	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	95	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	145	...	...	1.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	510	...	...	4.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	440	...	...	4.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	330	...	...	3.1	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	400	...	...	3.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	410	...	...	3.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	400	...	...	3.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	765	...	...	7.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	595	...	...	5.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	620	...	...	5.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	545	...	...	5.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	470	...	...	4.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,690	...	...	44.5	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	970	...	...	9.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	680	...	...	6.4	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	930	...	...	8.8	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,120	...	...	20.1	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	115	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	105	...	...	1.0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	160	...	...	1.5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	560	...	...	5.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	500	...	...	4.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	455	...	...	4.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	535	...	...	5.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	545	...	...	5.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	520	...	...	4.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	840	...	...	8.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	725	...	...	6.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	650	...	...	6.2	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	565	...	...	5.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	515	...	...	4.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,720	...	...	35.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	935	...	...	8.9	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	655	...	...	6.2	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,135	...	...	20.2	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	5,990	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	141,000	...	...	141,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,560	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,435	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	218,000	...	...	218,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	166,000	...	...	166,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	920	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	97,000	...	...	97,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	79,500	...	...	79,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	4,735	1,685	3,050	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,400	49,600	45,600	46,400	49,600	45,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,000	42,000	39,600	40,000	42,000	39,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	6,000	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	216,800	...	...	216,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	152,600	...	...	152,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,550	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	171,000	...	...	171,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,445	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	298,800	...	...	298,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	204,800	...	...	204,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	910	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	132,400	...	...	132,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	96,800	...	...	96,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	4,700	1,695	3,005	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	63,100	72,600	57,700	63,100	72,600	57,700
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	50,000	54,450	47,480	50,000	54,450	47,480
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	21,795	10,045	11,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,135	2,085	2,050	19.0	20.8	17.5
0 to 5 years	1,150	545	605	5.3	5.4	5.2
18 to 64 years	12,035	5,735	6,305	55.2	57.1	53.7
65 years and over	5,620	2,225	3,395	25.8	22.2	28.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,025	830	1,190	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	320	150	170	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	75	40	40	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	945	460	485	...	...	...
65 years and over	760	225	535	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.3	8.3	10.2	9.3	8.3	10.2
0 to 17 years (%)	7.7	7.1	8.2	7.7	7.1	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	6.6	6.4	6.6	6.6	6.4	6.6
18 to 64 years (%)	7.9	8.0	7.7	7.9	8.0	7.7
65 years and over (%)	13.6	10.1	15.9	13.6	10.1	15.9
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	21,790	10,045	11,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	4,135	2,080	2,055	19.0	20.7	17.5
0 to 5 years	1,150	545	605	5.3	5.4	5.1
18 to 64 years	12,040	5,735	6,305	55.3	57.1	53.7
65 years and over	5,615	2,230	3,390	25.8	22.2	28.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,135	505	630	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	180	85	100	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	45	25	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	650	315	330	...	...	...
65 years and over	305	105	200	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.2	5.0	5.3	5.2	5.0	5.3
0 to 17 years (%)	4.4	4.0	4.8	4.4	4.0	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	4.8	3.4	4.0	4.8	3.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	5.5	5.3	5.4	5.5	5.3
65 years and over (%)	5.4	4.8	5.8	5.4	4.8	5.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	21,795	10,045	11,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	7,880	3,260	4,625	36.2	32.5	39.4
In bottom decile	1,700	705	995	7.8	7.0	8.5
In second decile	1,560	630	935	7.2	6.3	8.0
In third decile	1,475	610	865	6.8	6.1	7.4
In fourth decile	1,550	650	900	7.1	6.5	7.7
In fifth decile	1,600	660	935	7.3	6.6	8.0
In top half of the distribution	13,910	6,785	7,125	63.8	67.5	60.7
In sixth decile	1,680	790	890	7.7	7.9	7.6
In seventh decile	1,805	835	970	8.3	8.3	8.3
In eighth decile	2,060	980	1,080	9.5	9.8	9.2
In ninth decile	2,650	1,305	1,345	12.2	13.0	11.5
In top decile	5,720	2,880	2,845	26.2	28.7	24.2
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	21,790	...	...	21,790	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.460	...	...	0.460	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.530	...	...	0.530	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.390	...	...	0.390	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.4	...	...	5.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	21,945	10,085	11,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	1,030	490	540	4.7	4.9	4.6
French only	4,435	1,810	2,625	20.2	17.9	22.1
English and French	16,325	7,720	8,610	74.4	76.5	72.6
Neither English nor French	150	65	85	0.7	0.6	0.7
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	21,945	10,085	11,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,600	1,700	1,900	16.4	16.9	16.0
French	17,200	7,820	9,375	78.4	77.5	79.0
English and French	1,005	500	505	4.6	5.0	4.3
Neither English nor French	140	55	80	0.6	0.5	0.7
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	21,945	10,085	11,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,875	9,565	11,310	95.1	94.8	95.3
Official languages	18,105	8,260	9,845	82.5	81.9	83.0
English	2,465	1,185	1,280	11.2	11.8	10.8
French	15,640	7,080	8,565	71.3	70.2	72.2
Non-official languages	2,770	1,305	1,465	12.6	12.9	12.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,770	1,305	1,465	12.6	12.9	12.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	365	200	165	1.7	2.0	1.4
Berber languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	345	185	155	1.6	1.8	1.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	340	185	155	1.5	1.8	1.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	5	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	20	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tamil	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,925	885	1,040	8.8	8.8	8.8
Albanian	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	300	120	175	1.4	1.2	1.5
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	290	125	170	1.3	1.2	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Czech	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	45	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Russian	105	40	55	0.5	0.4	0.5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	30	20	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	130	60	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	85	35	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
German	80	35	40	0.4	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Danish	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Iranian languages	205	110	100	0.9	1.1	0.8
Indo-Aryan languages	55	40	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	145	70	75	0.7	0.7	0.6
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	140	70	75	0.6	0.7	0.6
Dari	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Iranian Persian	100	50	50	0.5	0.5	0.4
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,205	560	645	5.5	5.6	5.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	135	75	65	0.6	0.7	0.5
Portuguese	135	60	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Romanian	155	75	80	0.7	0.7	0.7
Spanish	780	350	425	3.6	3.5	3.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	45	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	175	85	90	0.8	0.8	0.8
Chinese languages	175	85	90	0.8	0.8	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	115	60	60	0.5	0.6	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	25	15	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,070	520	550	4.9	5.2	4.6
English and French	645	310	335	2.9	3.1	2.8
English and non-official language(s)	105	45	55	0.5	0.4	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	225	120	105	1.0	1.2	0.9
English, French and non-official language(s)	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	21,945	10,085	11,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	2,245	1,060	1,180	10.2	10.5	9.9
French	14,275	6,440	7,835	65.0	63.9	66.0
Non-official language	800	395	405	3.6	3.9	3.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	800	395	405	3.6	3.9	3.4
English and French	2,525	1,215	1,310	11.5	12.0	11.0
English and non-official language(s)	430	180	250	2.0	1.8	2.1
French and non-official language(s)	780	370	405	3.6	3.7	3.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	845	395	445	3.9	3.9	3.8
Multiple non-official languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	21,945	10,085	11,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	20,875	9,590	11,280	95.1	95.1	95.1
Official languages	19,430	8,890	10,545	88.5	88.2	88.9
English	3,310	1,570	1,745	15.1	15.6	14.7
French	16,125	7,320	8,805	73.5	72.6	74.2
Non-official languages	1,440	700	740	6.6	6.9	6.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,440	700	740	6.6	6.9	6.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	170	85	85	0.8	0.8	0.7
Berber languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	160	80	80	0.7	0.8	0.7
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	160	75	80	0.7	0.7	0.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,055	505	550	4.8	5.0	4.6
Albanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	70	65	0.6	0.7	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	135	70	65	0.6	0.7	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Czech	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	65	35	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	135	65	75	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	110	50	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	105	45	60	0.5	0.4	0.5
Dari	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian Persian	70	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	735	350	385	3.3	3.5	3.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Romanian	85	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Spanish	565	265	300	2.6	2.6	2.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	65	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
Chinese languages	120	65	55	0.5	0.6	0.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,075	495	580	4.9	4.9	4.9
English and French	600	275	325	2.7	2.7	2.7
English and non-official language(s)	120	50	65	0.5	0.5	0.5
French and non-official language(s)	260	120	140	1.2	1.2	1.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	85	40	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	21,945	10,085	11,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	18,185	8,290	9,895	82.9	82.2	83.4
English	1,490	715	775	6.8	7.1	6.5
French	1,010	495	515	4.6	4.9	4.3
Non-official language	585	255	325	2.7	2.5	2.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	585	255	325	2.7	2.5	2.7
English and French	150	75	80	0.7	0.7	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	270	125	150	1.2	1.2	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	185	90	95	0.8	0.9	0.8
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	21,790	10,045	11,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	21,615	9,970	11,645	99.2	99.3	99.1
English	17,260	8,160	9,100	79.2	81.2	77.5
French	20,565	9,505	11,060	94.4	94.6	94.2
Non-official languages	5,325	2,435	2,890	24.4	24.2	24.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	5,325	2,435	2,890	24.4	24.2	24.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	745	410	340	3.4	4.1	2.9
Berber languages	70	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kabyle	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	730	400	325	3.4	4.0	2.8
Amharic	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Arabic	690	370	320	3.2	3.7	2.7
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	120	60	65	0.6	0.6	0.6
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Vietnamese	105	55	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	110	55	60	0.5	0.5	0.5
Haitian Creole	95	55	45	0.4	0.5	0.4
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,930	1,735	2,190	18.0	17.3	18.6
Albanian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	60	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Balto-Slavic languages	330	125	205	1.5	1.2	1.7
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	325	125	200	1.5	1.2	1.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Czech	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Russian	175	65	110	0.8	0.6	0.9
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	55	15	40	0.3	0.1	0.3
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	390	165	225	1.8	1.6	1.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	300	140	160	1.4	1.4	1.4
German	295	140	155	1.4	1.4	1.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	85	30	60	0.4	0.3	0.5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	80	30	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Greek	160	65	95	0.7	0.6	0.8
Indo-Iranian languages	330	150	185	1.5	1.5	1.6
Indo-Aryan languages	105	55	50	0.5	0.5	0.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindi	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	20	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	240	100	140	1.1	1.0	1.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	235	100	135	1.1	1.0	1.1
Dari	80	30	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Iranian Persian	140	60	70	0.6	0.6	0.6
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,885	1,305	1,580	13.2	13.0	13.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	485	270	210	2.2	2.7	1.8
Portuguese	275	135	140	1.3	1.3	1.2
Romanian	180	100	80	0.8	1.0	0.7
Spanish	2,250	985	1,265	10.3	9.8	10.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	75	40	35	0.3	0.4	0.3
Korean	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	90	40	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	25	20	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	320	160	155	1.5	1.6	1.3
Chinese languages	310	160	150	1.4	1.6	1.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	220	115	100	1.0	1.1	0.9
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	105	55	50	0.5	0.5	0.4
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	70	35	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	50	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	21,790	10,045	11,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	165	95	70	0.8	0.9	0.6
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	155	90	65	0.7	0.9	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian)	100	50	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Métis	45	40	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	21,630	9,950	11,675	99.3	99.1	99.4
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	21,790	10,045	11,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	40	25	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,750	10,015	11,735	99.8	99.7	99.9
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	6,425	...	...	60.9	...	...
Renter	4,125	...	...	39.1	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	3,205	...	...	30.4	...	...
Not condominium	7,345	...	...	69.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	2,180	...	...	20.7	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,630	...	...	34.4	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,500	...	...	23.7	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,190	...	...	20.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,450	...	...	42.2	...	...
5 rooms	1,430	...	...	13.6	...	...
6 rooms	765	...	...	7.3	...	...
7 rooms	835	...	...	7.9	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,075	...	...	29.1	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,485	...	...	99.4	...	...
More than one person per room	65	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	10,310	...	...	97.7	...	...
Not suitable	245	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	3,690	...	...	35.0	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,490	...	...	33.1	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,560	...	...	14.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	665	...	...	6.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	170	...	...	1.6	...	...
2006 to 2010	180	...	...	1.7	...	...
2011 to 2015	245	...	...	2.3	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	555	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	9,815	...	...	93.0	...	...
Major repairs needed	735	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,515	...	...	61.8	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,945	...	...	37.4	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	90	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	170	...	...	1.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	965	...	...	9.1	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,455	...	...	13.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,900	...	...	18.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,030	...	...	19.2	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,975	...	...	18.7	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,530	...	...	14.5	...	...
85 years and over	520	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	10,510	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,305	...	...	79.0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,210	...	...	21.0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,020	...	...	19.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	10,550	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,935	...	...	27.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,975	...	...	18.7	...	...
Not suitable only	180	...	...	1.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	540	...	...	5.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	50	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	180	...	...	1.7	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,615	...	...	72.2	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	10,325	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	790	...	...	7.7	...	...
Not in core need	9,530	...	...	92.3	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,425	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.1	...	...	54.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	11.1	...	...	11.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,330	...	...	1,330	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,658	...	...	1,658	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	650,000	...	...	650,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	691,000	...	...	691,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,130	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	4.6	...	...	4.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.4	...	...	36.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	16.1	...	...	16.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,010	...	...	1,010	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,129	...	...	1,129	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	21,795	10,045	11,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	75	30	50	0.3	0.3	0.4
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	75	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	65	25	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	495	215	275	2.3	2.1	2.3
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	495	215	275	2.3	2.1	2.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	455	190	270	2.1	1.9	2.3
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	30	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	21,220	9,800	11,425	97.4	97.6	97.2
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	21,795	10,045	11,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	20,465	9,455	11,010	93.9	94.1	93.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,850	1,940	1,910	17.7	19.3	16.3
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,615	7,515	9,105	76.2	74.8	77.5
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,330	590	735	6.1	5.9	6.3
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	21,795	10,045	11,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	17,820	8,145	9,675	81.8	81.1	82.3
Immigrants⁸¹	3,530	1,680	1,850	16.2	16.7	15.7
Before 1980	890	450	440	4.1	4.5	3.7
1980 to 1990	280	130	155	1.3	1.3	1.3
1991 to 2000	520	240	285	2.4	2.4	2.4
2001 to 2010	710	350	360	3.3	3.5	3.1
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,125	510	615	5.2	5.1	5.2
2011 to 2015	500	250	245	2.3	2.5	2.1
2016 to 2021	635	265	365	2.9	2.6	3.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	440	220	220	2.0	2.2	1.9
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,530	1,680	1,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	340	165	175	9.6	9.8	9.5
5 to 14 years	520	275	245	14.7	16.4	13.2
15 to 24 years	575	265	310	16.3	15.8	16.8
25 to 44 years	1,815	835	975	51.4	49.7	52.7
45 years and over	285	135	150	8.1	8.0	8.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,530	1,680	1,850	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	890	425	470	25.2	25.3	25.4
Brazil	60	30	35	1.7	1.8	1.9
Colombia	240	110	130	6.8	6.5	7.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	60	30	30	1.7	1.8	1.6
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	50	25	20	1.4	1.5	1.1
Peru	75	30	45	2.1	1.8	2.4
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	145	65	75	4.1	3.9	4.1
Other places of birth in Americas	255	125	130	7.2	7.4	7.0
Europe	1,265	575	690	35.8	34.2	37.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
France	420	200	220	11.9	11.9	11.9
Germany	60	30	30	1.7	1.8	1.6
Greece	50	20	35	1.4	1.2	1.9
Hungary	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Italy	55	40	20	1.6	2.4	1.1
Netherlands	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.8
Poland	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.8
Portugal	45	20	25	1.3	1.2	1.4
Romania	155	80	70	4.4	4.8	3.8
Russian Federation	20	10	15	0.6	0.6	0.8
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	40	15	20	1.1	0.9	1.1
United Kingdom⁸⁷	115	55	60	3.3	3.3	3.2
Other places of birth in Europe	255	85	165	7.2	5.1	8.9
Africa	610	315	290	17.3	18.8	15.7
Algeria	180	90	85	5.1	5.4	4.6
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	10	10	0.4	0.6	0.5
Egypt	80	40	35	2.3	2.4	1.9
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	140	75	65	4.0	4.5	3.5
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	180	90	85	5.1	5.4	4.6
Asia	765	365	395	21.7	21.7	21.4
Afghanistan	55	20	35	1.6	1.2	1.9
Iran⁸⁸	115	55	60	3.3	3.3	3.2
Iraq	15	10	10	0.4	0.6	0.5
Lebanon	70	45	25	2.0	2.7	1.4
Syria⁸⁹	35	20	20	1.0	1.2	1.1
Turkey	35	25	15	1.0	1.5	0.8
China⁹⁰	140	55	90	4.0	3.3	4.9
Hong Kong⁹¹	15	10	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	30	15	15	0.8	0.9	0.8
Taiwan	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
Viet Nam	50	30	20	1.4	1.8	1.1
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	60	35	25	1.7	2.1	1.4
Pakistan	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.8
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	30	50	2.1	1.8	2.7
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	630	265	365	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	190	95	100	30.2	35.8	27.4
Brazil	15	0	10	2.4	0.0	2.7
Colombia	95	40	50	15.1	15.1	13.7
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	15	0	15	2.4	0.0	4.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	15	15	0	2.4	5.7	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	20	20	6.3	7.5	5.5
Europe	110	45	70	17.5	17.0	19.2
France	75	40	35	11.9	15.1	9.6
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.7
Africa	160	55	105	25.4	20.8	28.8
Algeria	60	30	30	9.5	11.3	8.2
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	1.6	0.0	2.7
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	25	0	15	4.0	0.0	4.1
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	30	15	15	4.8	5.7	4.1
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	2.4	0.0	2.7
Asia	160	65	95	25.4	24.5	26.0
Afghanistan	45	15	35	7.1	5.7	9.6
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	10	10	2.4	3.8	2.7
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	10	15	3.2	3.8	4.1
Iran⁸⁸	35	15	20	5.6	5.7	5.5
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	1.6	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	15	10	0	2.4	3.8	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	21,790	10,045	11,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,320	2,015	2,305	19.8	20.1	19.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,995	1,435	1,560	13.7	14.3	13.3
Third generation or more¹⁰²	14,480	6,600	7,880	66.5	65.7	67.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,640	1,230	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,685	840	850	63.8	68.3	60.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	885	455	430	33.5	37.0	30.5
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	805	385	420	30.5	31.3	29.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	580	200	380	22.0	16.3	27.0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	360	185	175	13.6	15.0	12.4
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	10	0	0.6	0.8	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,640	1,230	1,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	215	120	100	8.1	9.8	7.1
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	310	145	165	11.7	11.8	11.7
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	105	55	55	4.0	4.5	3.9
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	205	105	105	7.8	8.5	7.4
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	30	15	20	1.1	1.2	1.4
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,765	800	965	66.9	65.0	68.4
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	21,790	10,045	11,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,930	1,390	1,540	13.4	13.8	13.1
South Asian	160	90	65	0.7	0.9	0.6
Chinese	360	165	195	1.7	1.6	1.7
Black	580	255	320	2.7	2.5	2.7
Filipino	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Arab	555	300	255	2.5	3.0	2.2
Latin American	655	300	355	3.0	3.0	3.0
Southeast Asian	180	80	95	0.8	0.8	0.8
West Asian	190	95	100	0.9	0.9	0.9
Korean	50	35	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Japanese	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	125	55	70	0.6	0.5	0.6
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,865	8,650	10,210	86.6	86.1	86.9
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	21,795	10,045	11,750	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	4,735	2,155	2,580	21.7	21.5	22.0
English	1,005	440	565	4.6	4.4	4.8
Irish	1,685	785	900	7.7	7.8	7.7
Scottish	1,030	455	575	4.7	4.5	4.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	8,200	3,815	4,380	37.6	38.0	37.3
German	625	275	350	2.9	2.7	3.0
Chinese	400	205	200	1.8	2.0	1.7
Italian	920	445	480	4.2	4.4	4.1
Indian (India)	100	60	35	0.5	0.6	0.3
Ukrainian	190	90	100	0.9	0.9	0.9
Dutch	125	65	60	0.6	0.6	0.5
Polish	265	145	120	1.2	1.4	1.0
Québécois	1,625	755	875	7.5	7.5	7.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	255	125	125	1.2	1.2	1.1
Filipino	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
French Canadian	1,330	585	745	6.1	5.8	6.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	275	130	145	1.3	1.3	1.2
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	320	140	180	1.5	1.4	1.5
Métis	45	35	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	280	175	110	1.3	1.7	0.9
Russian	210	70	135	1.0	0.7	1.1
Norwegian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Welsh	50	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	205	90	115	0.9	0.9	1.0
American	215	115	95	1.0	1.1	0.8
Spanish	435	185	245	2.0	1.8	2.1
Swedish	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hungarian	160	85	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
Acadian	265	125	135	1.2	1.2	1.1
Pakistani	30	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Jewish	160	80	75	0.7	0.8	0.6
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	185	75	110	0.8	0.7	0.9
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	240	150	95	1.1	1.5	0.8
Greek	280	115	170	1.3	1.1	1.4
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	40	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	265	135	125	1.2	1.3	1.1
Lebanese	210	100	110	1.0	1.0	0.9
Iranian	140	70	75	0.6	0.7	0.6
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
Danish	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	80	35	45	0.4	0.3	0.4
Belgian	255	130	125	1.2	1.3	1.1
Haitian	150	85	60	0.7	0.8	0.5
Hindu	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mexican	70	35	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mennonite	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	130	75	55	0.6	0.7	0.5
Finnish	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	35	0	35	0.2	0.0	0.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	170	90	80	0.8	0.9	0.7
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	85	35	50	0.4	0.3	0.4
Tamil	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	310	160	150	1.4	1.6	1.3
Moroccan	205	95	115	0.9	0.9	1.0
Czech	50	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Syrian	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Guyanese	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Afghan	60	25	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	40	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Serbian	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Ojibway	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Persian	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	85	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.3
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	175	100	80	0.8	1.0	0.7
Brazilian	80	35	40	0.4	0.3	0.3
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	130	55	75	0.6	0.5	0.6
Slovak	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iraqi	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Salvadorean	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
African Caribbean	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	40	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Algonquin	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.3
Congolese	50	15	40	0.2	0.1	0.3
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Peruvian	130	70	60	0.6	0.7	0.5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber	130	60	70	0.6	0.6	0.6
Albanian	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Maltese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	55	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.1
New Brunswicker	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bulgarian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Albertan	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	25	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	40	35	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cuban	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	80	50	30	0.4	0.5	0.3
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Guatemalan	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Argentinian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dominican	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Moldovan	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	90	45	45	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Huron (Wendat)	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	35	15	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Norman	60	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	30	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	21,790	10,045	11,745	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	55	35	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Christian	13,755	5,895	7,860	63.1	58.7	66.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	960	445	515	4.4	4.4	4.4
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	255	90	165	1.2	0.9	1.4
Baptist	50	30	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Catholic	11,345	4,900	6,445	52.1	48.8	54.9
Christian Orthodox	440	190	255	2.0	1.9	2.2
Jehovah's Witness	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Latter Day Saints	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lutheran	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Presbyterian	40	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.3
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	185	75	110	0.8	0.7	0.9
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	335	120	215	1.5	1.2	1.8
Hindu	50	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Jewish	95	60	35	0.4	0.6	0.3
Muslim	735	395	340	3.4	3.9	2.9
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	90	35	55	0.4	0.3	0.5
No religion and secular perspectives	7,005	3,600	3,405	32.1	35.8	29.0
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	21,620	9,950	11,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	19,140	8,770	10,375	88.5	88.1	88.9
Movers	2,485	1,180	1,305	11.5	11.9	11.2
Non-migrants	950	450	500	4.4	4.5	4.3
Migrants	1,535	730	800	7.1	7.3	6.9
Internal migrants	1,380	680	700	6.4	6.8	6.0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,295	645	645	6.0	6.5	5.5
Interprovincial migrants	85	35	50	0.4	0.4	0.4
External migrants	150	50	100	0.7	0.5	0.9
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	20,940	9,585	11,355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	12,110	5,520	6,590	57.8	57.6	58.0
Movers	8,830	4,065	4,765	42.2	42.4	42.0
Non-migrants	2,085	995	1,090	10.0	10.4	9.6
Migrants	6,745	3,070	3,680	32.2	32.0	32.4
Internal migrants	5,825	2,655	3,170	27.8	27.7	27.9
Intraprovincial migrants	5,465	2,490	2,975	26.1	26.0	26.2
Interprovincial migrants	360	165	195	1.7	1.7	1.7
External migrants	920	415	510	4.4	4.3	4.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,380	8,335	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,555	725	825	8.5	8.7	8.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	16,825	7,610	9,215	91.5	91.3	91.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,445	4,885	5,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	320	190	125	3.1	3.9	2.2
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,130	4,695	5,430	97.0	96.1	97.7
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	18,380	8,335	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,380	645	735	7.5	7.7	7.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,815	1,230	1,585	15.3	14.8	15.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,190	6,465	7,730	77.2	77.6	77.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,655	2,070	2,585	25.3	24.8	25.7
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	945	540	410	5.1	6.5	4.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	700	345	355	3.8	4.1	3.5
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	245	190	55	1.3	2.3	0.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,840	1,230	1,615	15.5	14.8	16.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	875	305	565	4.8	3.7	5.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	9,530	4,390	5,140	51.8	52.7	51.2
Bachelor's degree	5,115	2,270	2,850	27.8	27.2	28.4
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	910	425	485	5.0	5.1	4.8
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	415	185	225	2.3	2.2	2.2
Master's degree	2,630	1,300	1,330	14.3	15.6	13.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	465	210	250	2.5	2.5	2.5
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	10,445	4,890	5,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	235	145	85	2.2	3.0	1.5
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	930	480	455	8.9	9.8	8.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,280	4,270	5,015	88.8	87.3	90.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,420	1,225	1,195	23.2	25.1	21.5
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	600	335	265	5.7	6.9	4.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	450	220	235	4.3	4.5	4.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	150	120	30	1.4	2.5	0.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,370	680	685	13.1	13.9	12.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	455	205	250	4.4	4.2	4.5
Bachelor's degree or higher	6,855	3,040	3,815	65.6	62.2	68.7
Bachelor's degree	3,705	1,650	2,055	35.5	33.7	37.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	620	285	335	5.9	5.8	6.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	265	85	175	2.5	1.7	3.2
Master's degree	1,960	895	1,060	18.8	18.3	19.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	305	120	180	2.9	2.5	3.2
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	18,380	8,335	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,195	1,875	2,320	22.8	22.5	23.1
Education	930	175	755	5.1	2.1	7.5
13. Education	930	175	755	5.1	2.1	7.5
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	780	320	460	4.2	3.8	4.6
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	65	10	0.4	0.8	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	705	255	450	3.8	3.1	4.5
Humanities	1,055	350	700	5.7	4.2	7.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	195	35	165	1.1	0.4	1.6
23. English language and literature/letters	80	30	55	0.4	0.4	0.5
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	440	145	295	2.4	1.7	2.9
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
54. History	95	30	55	0.5	0.4	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	140	40	100	0.8	0.5	1.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,295	950	1,345	12.5	11.4	13.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	375	135	240	2.0	1.6	2.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	20	210	1.2	0.2	2.1
22. Legal professions and studies	770	370	400	4.2	4.4	4.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
42. Psychology	255	50	205	1.4	0.6	2.0
45. Social sciences	600	350	255	3.3	4.2	2.5
Business, management and public administration	4,305	1,980	2,325	23.4	23.8	23.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	190	60	130	1.0	0.7	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,115	1,925	2,190	22.4	23.1	21.8
Physical and life sciences and technologies	545	290	255	3.0	3.5	2.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	220	80	135	1.2	1.0	1.3
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	80	50	0.7	1.0	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
40. Physical sciences	150	110	35	0.8	1.3	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	660	430	235	3.6	5.2	2.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	465	340	125	2.5	4.1	1.2
25. Library science	70	0	65	0.4	0.0	0.6
27. Mathematics and statistics	110	75	35	0.6	0.9	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,600	1,335	260	8.7	16.0	2.6
04. Architecture and related services	205	110	90	1.1	1.3	0.9
14. Engineering	830	705	125	4.5	8.5	1.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	200	170	25	1.1	2.0	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	165	165	0	0.9	2.0	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	115	105	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
48. Precision production	85	75	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	195	80	110	1.1	1.0	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	95	40	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	40	55	0.5	0.5	0.5
Health and related fields	1,580	400	1,180	8.6	4.8	11.7
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	100	30	70	0.5	0.4	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,305	285	1,020	7.1	3.4	10.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	165	85	85	0.9	1.0	0.8
Personal, protective and transportation services	240	140	105	1.3	1.7	1.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	155	55	95	0.8	0.7	0.9
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	40	40	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	10,445	4,885	5,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,165	620	545	11.2	12.7	9.8
Education	410	65	350	3.9	1.3	6.3
13. Education	410	65	350	3.9	1.3	6.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	565	230	330	5.4	4.7	5.9
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	55	10	0.7	1.1	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	495	170	325	4.7	3.5	5.8
Humanities	500	170	325	4.8	3.5	5.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	100	10	85	1.0	0.2	1.5
23. English language and literature/letters	45	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	200	65	130	1.9	1.3	2.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
54. History	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	75	25	55	0.7	0.5	1.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,540	610	930	14.7	12.5	16.7
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	310	120	190	3.0	2.5	3.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125	10	110	1.2	0.2	2.0
22. Legal professions and studies	540	220	315	5.2	4.5	5.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	40	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
42. Psychology	145	30	115	1.4	0.6	2.1
45. Social sciences	385	215	170	3.7	4.4	3.1
Business, management and public administration	3,120	1,430	1,695	29.9	29.3	30.5
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	25	70	1.0	0.5	1.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,020	1,405	1,620	28.9	28.8	29.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	300	150	155	2.9	3.1	2.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	155	50	105	1.5	1.0	1.9
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	35	15	0.5	0.7	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	85	55	25	0.8	1.1	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	485	330	150	4.6	6.8	2.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	380	280	100	3.6	5.7	1.8
25. Library science	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	45	20	0.6	0.9	0.4
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,145	905	240	11.0	18.5	4.3
04. Architecture and related services	140	70	80	1.3	1.4	1.4
14. Engineering	610	495	115	5.8	10.1	2.1
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	135	110	30	1.3	2.3	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	135	135	0	1.3	2.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	60	50	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
48. Precision production	60	55	10	0.6	1.1	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	135	55	85	1.3	1.1	1.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	75	30	45	0.7	0.6	0.8
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	25	40	0.6	0.5	0.7
Health and related fields	895	220	670	8.6	4.5	12.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	90	35	55	0.9	0.7	1.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	680	145	535	6.5	3.0	9.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	115	45	75	1.1	0.9	1.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	185	100	80	1.8	2.0	1.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	125	50	75	1.2	1.0	1.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	35	35	0	0.3	0.7	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	10,445	4,885	5,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,165	620	545	11.2	12.7	9.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	9,280	4,270	5,010	88.8	87.4	90.1
Location of study inside Canada	7,945	3,640	4,310	76.1	74.5	77.5
Same as province or territory of residence	7,535	3,455	4,080	72.1	70.7	73.4
Different than province or territory of residence	415	185	230	4.0	3.8	4.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,335	630	705	12.8	12.9	12.7
Americas	385	175	205	3.7	3.6	3.7
United States of America	115	50	65	1.1	1.0	1.2
Mexico	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Colombia	125	65	65	1.2	1.3	1.2
Peru	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Venezuela⁹⁵	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Other locations of study in Americas	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Europe	590	305	285	5.6	6.2	5.1
Belgium	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.3
France	325	175	155	3.1	3.6	2.8
Germany	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	65	45	15	0.6	0.9	0.3
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ukraine	25	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	65	30	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	45	15	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
Africa	175	65	105	1.7	1.3	1.9
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	50	15	30	0.5	0.3	0.5
Morocco	40	20	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Tunisia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Egypt	35	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	50	10	40	0.5	0.2	0.7
Asia	175	70	105	1.7	1.4	1.9
Iran⁸⁸	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.3
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.3
Syria⁸⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	15	25	0.4	0.3	0.4
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	45	20	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Oceania	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	18,380	8,335	10,045	...	...	...
In the labour force	11,355	5,575	5,770	...	...	...
Employed	10,575	5,185	5,395	...	...	...
Unemployed	775	390	380	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,025	2,755	4,270	...	...	...
Participation rate	61.8	66.9	57.4	61.8	66.9	57.4
Employment rate	57.5	62.2	53.7	57.5	62.2	53.7
Unemployment rate	6.8	7.0	6.6	6.8	7.0	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	18,380	8,335	10,045	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	6,740	2,545	4,195	36.7	30.5	41.8
Worked	11,640	5,790	5,850	63.3	69.5	58.2
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	6,440	3,335	3,105	35.0	40.0	30.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,195	2,450	2,745	28.3	29.4	27.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.0	41.1	40.9	41.0	41.1	40.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	11,350	5,580	5,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	255	125	130	2.2	2.2	2.3
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	11,100	5,455	5,645	97.8	97.8	97.7
Employee	8,955	4,280	4,675	78.9	76.7	81.0
Permanent position	7,395	3,625	3,775	65.2	65.0	65.4
Temporary position	1,565	660	905	13.8	11.8	15.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	500	190	310	4.4	3.4	5.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,060	470	590	9.3	8.4	10.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,140	1,175	965	18.9	21.1	16.7
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	11,350	5,580	5,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	255	125	130	2.2	2.2	2.3
All occupations¹⁹¹	11,100	5,455	5,645	97.8	97.8	97.7
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	550	365	190	4.8	6.5	3.3
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,005	1,255	1,750	26.5	22.5	30.3
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,195	870	325	10.5	15.6	5.6
3 Health occupations	875	220	660	7.7	3.9	11.4
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,695	650	1,045	14.9	11.6	18.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	725	270	455	6.4	4.8	7.9
6 Sales and service occupations	2,130	1,045	1,085	18.8	18.7	18.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	680	610	70	6.0	10.9	1.2
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	85	70	15	0.7	1.3	0.3
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	165	105	55	1.5	1.9	1.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	11,350	5,580	5,775	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	255	125	130	2.2	2.2	2.3
All industries¹⁹¹	11,100	5,455	5,645	97.8	97.8	97.7
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
22 Utilities	190	110	80	1.7	2.0	1.4
23 Construction	335	260	70	3.0	4.7	1.2
31-33 Manufacturing	550	375	180	4.8	6.7	3.1
41 Wholesale trade	345	180	170	3.0	3.2	2.9
44-45 Retail trade	1,060	545	520	9.3	9.8	9.0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	420	270	150	3.7	4.8	2.6
51 Information and cultural industries	550	285	265	4.8	5.1	4.6
52 Finance and insurance	1,065	595	475	9.4	10.7	8.2
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	290	145	145	2.6	2.6	2.5
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,035	1,125	910	17.9	20.2	15.8
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	20	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	280	180	95	2.5	3.2	1.6
61 Educational services	985	305	680	8.7	5.5	11.8
62 Health care and social assistance	1,200	310	895	10.6	5.6	15.5
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	285	120	160	2.5	2.2	2.8
72 Accommodation and food services	405	205	205	3.6	3.7	3.5
81 Other services (except public administration)	375	140	235	3.3	2.5	4.1
91 Public administration	645	270	380	5.7	4.8	6.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	12,160	5,990	6,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	985	495	490	8.1	8.3	7.9
French	5,445	2,470	2,975	44.8	41.2	48.2
Non-official language	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
English and French	5,460	2,875	2,585	44.9	48.0	41.9
English and non-official language(s)	25	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25	0.4	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	185	105	80	1.5	1.8	1.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	12,160	5,990	6,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	11,265	5,555	5,715	92.6	92.7	92.6
Official languages	11,225	5,535	5,690	92.3	92.4	92.1
English	2,290	1,210	1,085	18.8	20.2	17.6
French	8,930	4,320	4,610	73.4	72.1	74.7
Non-official languages	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	40	15	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	30	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	20	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	895	435	460	7.4	7.3	7.4
English and French	880	430	445	7.2	7.2	7.2
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	12,160	5,990	6,175	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	7,280	3,365	3,925	59.9	56.2	63.6
English	3,380	1,805	1,575	27.8	30.1	25.5
French	1,270	690	580	10.4	11.5	9.4
Non-official language	95	70	25	0.8	1.2	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	95	70	25	0.8	1.2	0.4
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	85	45	40	0.7	0.8	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	10,580	5,185	5,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	4,500	2,170	2,330	42.5	41.9	43.2
Worked outside Canada	30	20	15	0.3	0.4	0.3
No fixed workplace address	615	460	155	5.8	8.9	2.9
Usual place of work	5,435	2,535	2,895	51.4	48.9	53.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,435	2,535	2,895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,175	485	690	21.6	19.1	23.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,555	750	805	28.6	29.6	27.8
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,695	1,290	1,400	49.6	50.9	48.4
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,050	3,000	3,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,175	2,190	1,980	69.0	73.0	64.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,940	2,125	1,815	65.1	70.8	59.5
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	230	65	165	3.8	2.2	5.4
Public transit	955	395	555	15.8	13.2	18.2
Walked	500	205	295	8.3	6.8	9.7
Bicycle	220	130	90	3.6	4.3	3.0
Other method	200	75	125	3.3	2.5	4.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,050	3,000	3,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,410	625	785	23.3	20.8	25.7
15 to 29 minutes	2,650	1,330	1,320	43.8	44.3	43.3
30 to 44 minutes	1,290	680	615	21.3	22.7	20.2
45 to 59 minutes	435	235	205	7.2	7.8	6.7
60 minutes and over	260	125	130	4.3	4.2	4.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,050	3,000	3,050	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	180	155	30	3.0	5.2	1.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	770	510	260	12.7	17.0	8.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,770	820	950	29.3	27.3	31.1
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,605	680	930	26.5	22.7	30.5
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,085	465	620	17.9	15.5	20.3
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	640	370	270	10.6	12.3	8.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	4,215	2,130	2,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	985	490	485	23.4	23.0	23.2
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	3,240	1,630	1,605	76.9	76.5	76.6
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	3,225	1,655	1,570	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	805	410	395	25.0	24.8	25.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	610	310	295	18.9	18.7	18.8
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	200	100	100	6.2	6.0	6.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,420	1,245	1,175	75.0	75.2	74.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 4, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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