Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Smithers, Town (T)More information: British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	5,378	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	5,401	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 0.4	...	...	- 0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	2,411	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,313	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	352.4	...	...	352.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	15.26	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	5,380	2,600	2,780	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	980	480	500	18.2	18.5	18.0
0 to 4 years	325	170	155	6.0	6.5	5.6
5 to 9 years	300	130	170	5.6	5.0	6.1
10 to 14 years	350	175	170	6.5	6.7	6.1
15 to 64 years	3,415	1,700	1,710	63.5	65.4	61.5
15 to 19 years	315	165	150	5.9	6.3	5.4
20 to 24 years	270	155	120	5.0	6.0	4.3
25 to 29 years	355	185	165	6.6	7.1	5.9
30 to 34 years	425	200	220	7.9	7.7	7.9
35 to 39 years	400	185	215	7.4	7.1	7.7
40 to 44 years	350	175	175	6.5	6.7	6.3
45 to 49 years	345	185	160	6.4	7.1	5.8
50 to 54 years	285	135	150	5.3	5.2	5.4
55 to 59 years	315	150	160	5.9	5.8	5.8
60 to 64 years	350	165	190	6.5	6.3	6.8
65 years and over	985	420	565	18.3	16.2	20.3
65 to 69 years	280	130	155	5.2	5.0	5.6
70 to 74 years	235	100	130	4.4	3.8	4.7
75 to 79 years	205	75	125	3.8	2.9	4.5
80 to 84 years	130	55	75	2.4	2.1	2.7
85 years and over	135	60	80	2.5	2.3	2.9
85 to 89 years	80	40	45	1.5	1.5	1.6
90 to 94 years	40	15	25	0.7	0.6	0.9
95 to 99 years	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.2	18.5	18.0	18.2	18.5	18.0
15 to 64 years	63.5	65.4	61.5	63.5	65.4	61.5
65 years and over	18.3	16.2	20.3	18.3	16.2	20.3
85 years and over	2.5	2.3	2.9	2.5	2.3	2.9
Average age of the population	40.6	39.4	41.8	40.6	39.4	41.8
Median age of the population	39.6	38.0	40.4	39.6	38.0	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	1,450	...	...	62.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	130	...	...	5.6	...	...
Row house	75	...	...	3.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	90	...	...	3.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	400	...	...	17.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	150	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	780	...	...	33.8	...	...
2 persons	770	...	...	33.3	...	...
3 persons	310	...	...	13.4	...	...
4 persons	285	...	...	12.3	...	...
5 or more persons	160	...	...	6.9	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,260	2,540	2,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,395	2,125	2,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	2,445	1,225	1,220	55.6	57.6	53.6
Married	1,895	950	945	43.1	44.7	41.5
Living common-law	550	275	275	12.5	12.9	12.1
Living common law - Never married	450	225	220	10.2	10.6	9.7
Living common law - Separated	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	80	35	40	1.8	1.6	1.8
Living common law - Widowed	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	1,950	895	1,060	44.4	42.1	46.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,185	670	515	27.0	31.5	22.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	145	55	90	3.3	2.6	4.0
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	315	120	200	7.2	5.6	8.8
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	305	50	255	6.9	2.4	11.2
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,425	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	745	...	...	52.3	...	...
3 persons	285	...	...	20.0	...	...
4 persons	270	...	...	18.9	...	...
5 or more persons	130	...	...	9.1	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,430	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,190	...	...	83.2	...	...
Married couples	915	...	...	64.0	...	...
With children⁶	470	...	...	32.9	...	...
Without children	445	...	...	31.1	...	...
Common-law couples	275	...	...	19.2	...	...
With children⁶	110	...	...	7.7	...	...
Without children	165	...	...	11.5	...	...
Total one-parent families	240	...	...	16.8	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	185	...	...	12.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	55	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	5,260	2,540	2,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	4,095	2,010	2,085	77.9	79.1	76.7
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,375	1,190	1,190	45.2	46.9	43.8
Parents in one-parent families	235	55	185	4.5	2.2	6.8
Children⁶	1,475	770	710	28.0	30.3	26.1
In a two-parent family	1,095	565	530	20.8	22.2	19.5
In a one-parent family	385	205	180	7.3	8.1	6.6
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,165	530	640	22.1	20.9	23.5
Living alone	785	315	470	14.9	12.4	17.3
Living with other relatives⁷	100	50	55	1.9	2.0	2.0
Living with non-relatives only	285	165	120	5.4	6.5	4.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,305	...	...	56.4	...	...
Couple-family households	1,115	...	...	48.2	...	...
With children⁶	545	...	...	23.5	...	...
Without children	570	...	...	24.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	195	...	...	8.4	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	35	...	...	1.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	65	...	...	2.8	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	120	...	...	5.2	...	...
One-person households	785	...	...	33.9	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,280	2,060	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,180	2,010	2,180	97.7	97.6	98.2
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,000	56,400	38,400	46,000	56,400	38,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,180	2,010	2,180	97.7	97.6	98.2
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,600	49,600	35,600	41,600	49,600	35,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,900	1,910	1,990	91.1	92.7	89.6
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,200	52,000	28,800	39,200	52,000	28,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,225	1,655	1,575	75.4	80.3	70.9
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,400	55,600	32,000	42,400	55,600	32,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,415	1,520	1,895	79.8	73.8	85.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,200	7,200	10,900	9,200	7,200	10,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	400	205	200	9.3	10.0	9.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,640	6,000	5,480	5,640	6,000	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	955	430	530	22.3	20.9	23.9
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,500	6,000	8,000	7,500	6,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,285	2,060	2,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,175	2,000	2,175	97.4	97.1	97.8
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,150	63,450	45,600	54,150	63,450	45,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,175	2,000	2,175	97.4	97.1	97.8
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,880	53,650	40,640	46,880	53,650	40,640
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,855	1,900	1,955	90.0	92.2	87.9
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,080	59,400	39,080	49,080	59,400	39,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,225	1,655	1,565	75.3	80.3	70.3
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,400	58,950	39,280	49,400	58,950	39,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,380	1,480	1,895	78.9	71.8	85.2
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,920	9,530	12,000	10,920	9,530	12,000
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	430	215	215	10.0	10.4	9.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,880	6,550	7,250	6,880	6,550	7,250
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	985	455	530	23.0	22.1	23.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,040	7,120	8,800	8,040	7,120	8,800
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,285	2,060	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,465	825	645	34.2	40.0	29.1
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,000	76,000	57,200	69,000	76,000	57,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	72,300	79,200	63,500	72,300	79,200	63,500
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,425	705	720	33.3	34.2	32.4
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	30,800	17,800	23,600	30,800	17,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,560	40,400	24,920	32,560	40,400	24,920
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.8	88.8	77.0	83.8	88.8	77.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	70.4	77.0	62.0	70.4	77.0	62.0
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.3	11.1	22.9	16.3	11.1	22.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.1	1.6	1.3	1.1	1.6
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.5	3.2	6.2	4.5	3.2	6.2
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.5	2.5	4.7	3.5	2.5	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,280	2,060	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	100	55	45	2.3	2.7	2.0
With total income	4,185	2,005	2,175	97.8	97.3	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	285	110	175	6.8	5.5	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	385	155	230	9.2	7.7	10.6
$20,000 to $29,999	590	200	395	14.1	10.0	18.2
$30,000 to $39,999	550	220	325	13.1	11.0	14.9
$40,000 to $49,999	475	195	285	11.4	9.7	13.1
$50,000 to $59,999	410	185	230	9.8	9.2	10.6
$60,000 to $69,999	345	190	155	8.2	9.5	7.1
$70,000 to $79,999	270	165	110	6.5	8.2	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	230	145	85	5.5	7.2	3.9
$90,000 to $99,999	190	115	70	4.5	5.7	3.2
$100,000 and over	450	335	115	10.8	16.7	5.3
$100,000 to $149,999	350	250	95	8.4	12.5	4.4
$150,000 and over	100	80	20	2.4	4.0	0.9
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,280	2,060	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	100	55	45	2.3	2.7	2.0
With after-tax income	4,185	2,005	2,175	97.8	97.3	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	295	110	190	7.0	5.5	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	395	160	235	9.4	8.0	10.8
$20,000 to $29,999	695	235	455	16.6	11.7	20.9
$30,000 to $39,999	630	255	375	15.1	12.7	17.2
$40,000 to $49,999	545	255	295	13.0	12.7	13.6
$50,000 to $59,999	450	230	225	10.8	11.5	10.3
$60,000 to $69,999	380	220	160	9.1	11.0	7.4
$70,000 to $79,999	265	175	85	6.3	8.7	3.9
$80,000 to $89,999	190	125	70	4.5	6.2	3.2
$90,000 to $99,999	135	95	40	3.2	4.7	1.8
$100,000 and over	200	155	45	4.8	7.7	2.1
$100,000 to $124,999	120	95	30	2.9	4.7	1.4
$125,000 and over	80	60	15	1.9	3.0	0.7
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,280	2,060	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	1,055	410	645	24.6	19.9	29.1
With employment income	3,225	1,650	1,575	75.4	80.1	70.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	355	165	195	11.0	10.0	12.4
$5,000 to $9,999	230	85	145	7.1	5.2	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	345	120	225	10.7	7.3	14.3
$20,000 to $29,999	320	135	190	9.9	8.2	12.1
$30,000 to $39,999	295	140	160	9.1	8.5	10.2
$40,000 to $49,999	275	125	155	8.5	7.6	9.8
$50,000 to $59,999	250	120	135	7.8	7.3	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	240	135	100	7.4	8.2	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	220	140	85	6.8	8.5	5.4
$80,000 to $89,999	210	125	80	6.5	7.6	5.1
$90,000 to $99,999	150	95	50	4.7	5.8	3.2
$100,000 and over	335	265	70	10.4	16.1	4.4
$100,000 to $124,999	190	145	40	5.9	8.8	2.5
$125,000 and over	140	120	25	4.3	7.3	1.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,280	2,060	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,120	1,975	2,150	96.3	95.9	96.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	55,200	35,200	43,200	55,200	35,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,125	1,975	2,150	96.4	95.9	96.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	48,400	31,800	38,800	48,400	31,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,865	1,880	1,985	90.3	91.3	89.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,800	52,400	29,400	38,800	52,400	29,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,330	1,690	1,640	77.8	82.0	73.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	52,400	30,200	39,600	52,400	30,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,725	1,075	1,650	63.7	52.2	74.3
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,750	7,550	7,950	7,750	7,550	7,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	390	190	200	9.1	9.2	9.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,200	5,640	5,520	5,200	5,640
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,285	2,060	2,225	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,090	1,960	2,130	95.4	95.1	95.7
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,350	61,600	41,960	51,350	61,600	41,960
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,090	1,960	2,135	95.4	95.1	96.0
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,040	51,550	37,160	44,040	51,550	37,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,795	1,840	1,955	88.6	89.3	87.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	48,840	60,450	37,880	48,840	60,450	37,880
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,290	1,680	1,615	76.8	81.6	72.6
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,320	57,200	37,000	47,320	57,200	37,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,780	1,155	1,625	64.9	56.1	73.0
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,910	8,180	9,420	8,910	8,180	9,420
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	355	180	175	8.3	8.7	7.9
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,600	6,700	6,500	6,600	6,700	6,500
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,285	2,060	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,460	815	645	34.1	39.6	29.1
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	62,800	74,000	50,800	62,800	74,000	50,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	66,800	75,000	56,400	66,800	75,000	56,400
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,330	655	675	31.0	31.8	30.4
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,400	33,200	23,200	27,400	33,200	23,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,960	44,100	28,100	35,960	44,100	28,100
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.2	92.2	82.8	88.2	92.2	82.8
Employment income (%)	74.2	79.6	66.8	74.2	79.6	66.8
Government transfers (%)	11.8	7.8	17.1	11.8	7.8	17.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	1.0	1.3	1.1	1.0	1.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,310	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	785	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,800	...	...	46,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,000	...	...	42,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...	107,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...	95,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,315	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	97,800	...	...	97,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	84,700	...	...	84,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	780	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,600	...	...	54,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,600	...	...	47,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,530	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	119,800	...	...	119,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	103,500	...	...	103,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...	4.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	3.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	70	...	...	3.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	95	...	...	4.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...	4.3	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	3.7	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	155	...	...	6.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165	...	...	7.1	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	170	...	...	7.4	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	170	...	...	7.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	155	...	...	6.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	920	...	...	39.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	290	...	...	12.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	210	...	...	9.1	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	265	...	...	11.5	...	...
$200,000 and over	155	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,310	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...	4.3	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	3.7	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	85	...	...	3.7	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	115	...	...	5.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	115	...	...	5.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	80	...	...	3.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	200	...	...	8.7	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	200	...	...	8.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	185	...	...	8.0	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	180	...	...	7.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	160	...	...	6.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	730	...	...	31.6	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	280	...	...	12.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	210	...	...	9.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	245	...	...	10.6	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,435	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	105,000	...	...	105,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,000	...	...	93,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	590	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...	85,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	580	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	138,000	...	...	138,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	225	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	74,000	...	...	74,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...	67,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,065	480	585	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	45,200	52,000	40,800	45,200	52,000	40,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,200	45,600	37,600	41,200	45,600	37,600
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,440	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,900	...	...	119,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,500	...	...	103,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	580	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	111,600	...	...	111,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	95,600	...	...	95,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	575	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	144,500	...	...	144,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	235	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,035	475	560	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	51,400	57,600	46,000	51,400	57,600	46,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,900	49,200	41,200	44,900	49,200	41,200
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	5,260	2,540	2,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,170	580	590	22.2	22.8	21.7
0 to 5 years	390	195	195	7.4	7.7	7.2
18 to 64 years	3,175	1,575	1,605	60.4	62.0	58.9
65 years and over	915	385	530	17.4	15.2	19.4
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	420	155	265	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	100	50	50	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	20	20	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	195	75	115	...	...	...
65 years and over	130	35	100	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.0	6.1	9.8	8.0	6.1	9.8
0 to 17 years (%)	8.6	8.4	8.8	8.6	8.4	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	4.8	7.2	6.0	4.8	7.2
65 years and over (%)	14.4	8.0	18.8	14.4	8.0	18.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	5,260	2,540	2,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,170	585	590	22.2	23.0	21.7
0 to 5 years	385	195	190	7.3	7.7	7.0
18 to 64 years	3,170	1,570	1,605	60.3	61.8	59.0
65 years and over	915	385	530	17.4	15.2	19.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	95	40	55	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	65	30	35	...	...	...
65 years and over	15	5	15	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.8	1.5	2.1	1.8	1.5	2.1
0 to 17 years (%)	1.2	1.0	1.6	1.2	1.0	1.6
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	2.0	1.8	2.2	2.0	1.8	2.2
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.2	2.4	1.8	1.2	2.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	5,260	2,540	2,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	2,490	1,115	1,375	47.3	43.9	50.5
In bottom decile	380	145	235	7.2	5.7	8.6
In second decile	475	200	270	9.0	7.9	9.9
In third decile	445	220	230	8.5	8.7	8.4
In fourth decile	625	280	345	11.9	11.0	12.7
In fifth decile	565	275	290	10.7	10.8	10.6
In top half of the distribution	2,770	1,420	1,350	52.7	55.9	49.5
In sixth decile	560	285	275	10.6	11.2	10.1
In seventh decile	640	320	325	12.2	12.6	11.9
In eighth decile	595	310	285	11.3	12.2	10.5
In ninth decile	530	270	260	10.1	10.6	9.5
In top decile	440	240	205	8.4	9.4	7.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	5,260	...	...	5,260	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.277	...	...	0.277	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.373	...	...	0.373	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.252	...	...	0.252	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	5,285	2,550	2,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	4,920	2,385	2,530	93.1	93.5	92.5
French only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	350	160	195	6.6	6.3	7.1
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	5,285	2,550	2,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	5,205	2,515	2,690	98.5	98.6	98.4
French	60	30	35	1.1	1.2	1.3
English and French	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	5,285	2,550	2,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,155	2,485	2,670	97.5	97.5	97.6
Official languages	4,625	2,240	2,380	87.5	87.8	87.0
English	4,560	2,215	2,350	86.3	86.9	85.9
French	65	30	35	1.2	1.2	1.3
Non-official languages	535	235	295	10.1	9.2	10.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Dakelh (Carrier)	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	510	230	285	9.6	9.0	10.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Amharic	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	70	30	45	1.3	1.2	1.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	30	35	1.2	1.2	1.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0.4	0.4	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	330	145	185	6.2	5.7	6.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	15	25	0.9	0.6	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	15	25	0.9	0.6	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	155	70	85	2.9	2.7	3.1
Frisian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
High German languages	65	30	30	1.2	1.2	1.1
German	65	30	30	1.2	1.2	1.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	70	25	45	1.3	1.0	1.6
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	70	25	40	1.3	1.0	1.5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	40	35	1.5	1.6	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	35	1.4	1.6	1.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Hindi	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	25	25	0.9	1.0	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	35	1.1	1.0	1.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	5	15	0.5	0.2	0.5
Portuguese	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Korean	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.2
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.4
Chinese languages	5	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	130	70	60	2.5	2.7	2.2
English and French	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	80	40	40	1.5	1.6	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	5,285	2,550	2,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,785	2,320	2,465	90.5	91.0	90.1
French	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Non-official language	95	45	45	1.8	1.8	1.6
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	95	45	45	1.8	1.8	1.6
English and French	35	20	15	0.7	0.8	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	340	155	185	6.4	6.1	6.8
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	5,285	2,550	2,735	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	5,215	2,520	2,690	98.7	98.8	98.4
Official languages	5,015	2,420	2,600	94.9	94.9	95.1
English	4,990	2,405	2,585	94.4	94.3	94.5
French	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Non-official languages	200	105	100	3.8	4.1	3.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	195	105	95	3.7	4.1	3.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Amharic	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	30	15	10	0.6	0.6	0.4
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	10	0.6	0.6	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	105	55	55	2.0	2.2	2.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
German	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	35	30	1.2	1.4	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages	65	35	30	1.2	1.4	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	25	25	0.9	1.0	0.9
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	5	15	0.4	0.2	0.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.2
Portuguese	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	10	5	10	0.2	0.2	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	75	30	40	1.4	1.2	1.5
English and French	10	5	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	60	30	35	1.1	1.2	1.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	5,285	2,550	2,730	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,960	2,405	2,550	93.9	94.3	93.4
English	100	50	45	1.9	2.0	1.6
French	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.5
Non-official language	175	65	110	3.3	2.5	4.0
Indigenous³⁹	15	5	15	0.3	0.2	0.5
Non-Indigenous	160	65	100	3.0	2.5	3.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.1	0.2	0.2
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	5,260	2,540	2,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	5,255	2,535	2,715	99.9	99.8	99.8
English	5,255	2,535	2,715	99.9	99.8	99.8
French	335	160	180	6.4	6.3	6.6
Non-official languages	865	405	465	16.4	15.9	17.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	55	10	40	1.0	0.4	1.5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.7
Northern Athabaskan languages	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.7
Dakelh (Carrier)	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	810	385	425	15.4	15.2	15.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	25	10	10	0.5	0.4	0.4
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	120	45	75	2.3	1.8	2.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	45	75	2.1	1.8	2.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.4
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	25	20	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	20	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	570	285	285	10.8	11.2	10.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	20	0.9	1.0	0.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	25	20	0.9	1.0	0.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	245	95	140	4.7	3.7	5.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	105	50	55	2.0	2.0	2.0
German	105	50	55	2.0	2.0	2.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	125	40	80	2.4	1.6	2.9
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Dutch	110	40	75	2.1	1.6	2.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	170	110	55	3.2	4.3	2.0
Indo-Aryan languages	170	110	55	3.2	4.3	2.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	75	55	20	1.4	2.2	0.7
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	85	40	2.3	3.3	1.5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	65	35	30	1.2	1.4	1.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	50	70	2.3	2.0	2.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	25	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.7
Portuguese	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	85	45	40	1.6	1.8	1.5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Chinese languages	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,260	2,540	2,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	550	250	295	10.5	9.8	10.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	475	215	255	9.0	8.5	9.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	385	175	210	7.3	6.9	7.7
Métis	90	45	45	1.7	1.8	1.7
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	60	30	30	1.1	1.2	1.1
Non-Indigenous identity	4,710	2,290	2,420	89.5	90.2	88.8
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,260	2,540	2,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	365	170	195	6.9	6.7	7.2
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,895	2,370	2,525	93.1	93.3	92.7
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	1,630	...	...	70.4	...	...
Renter	680	...	...	29.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	210	...	...	9.1	...	...
Not condominium	2,105	...	...	90.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	1.5	...	...
1 bedroom	255	...	...	11.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	570	...	...	24.6	...	...
3 bedrooms	695	...	...	30.0	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	765	...	...	33.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	665	...	...	28.7	...	...
5 rooms	355	...	...	15.3	...	...
6 rooms	285	...	...	12.3	...	...
7 rooms	330	...	...	14.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	680	...	...	29.4	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,295	...	...	99.1	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...	0.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	2,265	...	...	97.8	...	...
Not suitable	45	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	355	...	...	15.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	840	...	...	36.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	420	...	...	18.1	...	...
1991 to 2000	355	...	...	15.3	...	...
2001 to 2005	40	...	...	1.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	100	...	...	4.3	...	...
2011 to 2015	110	...	...	4.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	95	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,180	...	...	94.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	135	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,255	...	...	54.2	...	...
Two-maintainer household	995	...	...	43.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	65	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	55	...	...	2.4	...	...
25 to 34 years	445	...	...	19.2	...	...
35 to 44 years	375	...	...	16.2	...	...
45 to 54 years	440	...	...	19.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	380	...	...	16.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	305	...	...	13.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	215	...	...	9.3	...	...
85 years and over	100	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,030	...	...	87.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	285	...	...	12.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	260	...	...	11.2	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,315	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	435	...	...	18.8	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	270	...	...	11.7	...	...
Not suitable only	25	...	...	1.1	...	...
Major repairs needed only	110	...	...	4.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,885	...	...	81.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,285	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	90	...	...	3.9	...	...
Not in core need	2,195	...	...	96.1	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,635	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.0	...	...	55.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	950	...	...	950	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,177	...	...	1,177	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	406,800	...	...	406,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	680	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.5	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	24.3	...	...	24.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.8	...	...	9.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,000	...	...	1,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,054	...	...	1,054	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	5,260	2,535	2,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	275	135	145	5.2	5.3	5.3
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	275	135	145	5.2	5.3	5.3
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	240	130	115	4.6	5.1	4.2
Métis single ancestry	30	0	20	0.6	0.0	0.7
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	345	145	195	6.6	5.7	7.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	345	145	195	6.6	5.7	7.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	250	100	150	4.8	3.9	5.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	90	45	50	1.7	1.8	1.8
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	4,640	2,255	2,380	88.2	89.0	87.5
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	5,260	2,540	2,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	4,925	2,360	2,565	93.6	92.9	94.3
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,105	530	570	21.0	20.9	21.0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,815	1,825	1,990	72.5	71.9	73.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	340	185	155	6.5	7.3	5.7
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	5,260	2,540	2,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	4,445	2,170	2,265	84.5	85.4	83.3
Immigrants⁸¹	665	260	400	12.6	10.2	14.7
Before 1980	270	100	170	5.1	3.9	6.3
1980 to 1990	40	0	35	0.8	0.0	1.3
1991 to 2000	80	35	50	1.5	1.4	1.8
2001 to 2010	65	25	35	1.2	1.0	1.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	205	100	110	3.9	3.9	4.0
2011 to 2015	80	25	55	1.5	1.0	2.0
2016 to 2021	130	75	60	2.5	3.0	2.2
Non-permanent residents⁸³	155	105	50	2.9	4.1	1.8
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	665	260	400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	85	45	40	12.8	17.3	10.0
5 to 14 years	120	45	75	18.0	17.3	18.8
15 to 24 years	90	40	50	13.5	15.4	12.5
25 to 44 years	330	105	220	49.6	40.4	55.0
45 years and over	40	25	20	6.0	9.6	5.0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	665	260	400	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	90	15	75	13.5	5.8	18.8
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	65	10	55	9.8	3.8	13.8
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	10	3.8	3.8	2.5
Europe	325	125	195	48.9	48.1	48.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	1.5	3.8	0.0
Germany	55	20	30	8.3	7.7	7.5
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	0	10	2.3	0.0	2.5
Netherlands	95	35	65	14.3	13.5	16.3
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portugal	10	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.5
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	1.5	0.0	2.5
United Kingdom⁸⁷	70	25	45	10.5	9.6	11.3
Other places of birth in Europe	50	25	20	7.5	9.6	5.0
Africa	35	15	25	5.3	5.8	6.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	3.0	3.8	2.5
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	175	85	90	26.3	32.7	22.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	70	20	50	10.5	7.7	12.5
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	40	30	15	6.0	11.5	3.8
Pakistan	55	30	25	8.3	11.5	6.3
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	30	15	10	4.5	5.8	2.5
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	130	75	60	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	15	0	15	11.5	0.0	25.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	7.7	0.0	16.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	10	0	7.7	13.3	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	85	50	40	65.4	66.7	66.7
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	20	10	10	15.4	13.3	16.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	55	30	25	42.3	40.0	41.7
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	5,260	2,540	2,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	860	375	480	16.3	14.8	17.6
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,010	500	505	19.2	19.7	18.6
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,390	1,660	1,735	64.4	65.4	63.8
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	390	155	235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	180	95	90	46.2	61.3	38.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	100	70	30	25.6	45.2	12.8
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	85	25	55	21.8	16.1	23.4
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	145	25	115	37.2	16.1	48.9
Refugees¹⁰⁸	65	40	30	16.7	25.8	12.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	390	155	235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	120	55	70	30.8	35.5	29.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	10	2.6	0.0	4.3
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	35	30	0	9.0	19.4	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	225	75	150	57.7	48.4	63.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	5,260	2,540	2,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	525	280	245	10.0	11.0	9.0
South Asian	195	130	70	3.7	5.1	2.6
Chinese	60	35	25	1.1	1.4	0.9
Black	60	25	30	1.1	1.0	1.1
Filipino	140	65	80	2.7	2.6	2.9
Arab	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Latin American	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Southeast Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	4,735	2,260	2,475	90.0	89.0	91.0
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	5,260	2,540	2,720	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	555	260	290	10.6	10.2	10.7
English	1,270	540	725	24.1	21.3	26.7
Irish	835	385	460	15.9	15.2	16.9
Scottish	1,145	545	600	21.8	21.5	22.1
French, n.o.s.¹²²	410	175	235	7.8	6.9	8.6
German	775	400	380	14.7	15.7	14.0
Chinese	70	35	35	1.3	1.4	1.3
Italian	145	65	80	2.8	2.6	2.9
Indian (India)	130	85	40	2.5	3.3	1.5
Ukrainian	320	180	140	6.1	7.1	5.1
Dutch	880	425	455	16.7	16.7	16.7
Polish	200	110	90	3.8	4.3	3.3
Québécois	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	245	130	115	4.7	5.1	4.2
Filipino	95	45	55	1.8	1.8	2.0
French Canadian	15	10	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	130	55	75	2.5	2.2	2.8
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	145	85	60	2.8	3.3	2.2
Métis	115	50	70	2.2	2.0	2.6
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	70	30	40	1.3	1.2	1.5
Russian	115	60	55	2.2	2.4	2.0
Norwegian	270	100	165	5.1	3.9	6.1
Welsh	75	35	40	1.4	1.4	1.5
Portuguese	60	25	40	1.1	1.0	1.5
American	175	80	90	3.3	3.1	3.3
Spanish	40	15	25	0.8	0.6	0.9
Swedish	235	115	120	4.5	4.5	4.4
Hungarian	60	25	35	1.1	1.0	1.3
Acadian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Pakistani	65	30	30	1.2	1.2	1.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	25	20	10	0.5	0.8	0.4
Jewish	60	30	30	1.1	1.2	1.1
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	40	15	25	0.8	0.6	0.9
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	45	15	35	0.9	0.6	1.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Lebanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	65	40	25	1.2	1.6	0.9
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	105	40	65	2.0	1.6	2.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	20	10	15	0.4	0.4	0.6
Belgian	40	10	30	0.8	0.4	1.1
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Mennonite	55	20	30	1.0	0.8	1.1
Swiss	105	50	60	2.0	2.0	2.2
Finnish	70	40	25	1.3	1.6	0.9
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	0.9
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	25	15	10	0.5	0.6	0.4
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	75	35	40	1.4	1.4	1.5
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	30	20	10	0.6	0.8	0.4
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.6
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	20	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.6
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
South African	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Australian	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.7
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	40	15	25	0.8	0.6	0.9
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	25	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.6
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	55	40	25	1.0	1.6	0.9
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	5,260	2,540	2,725	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Christian	2,290	955	1,335	43.5	37.6	49.0
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	630	285	350	12.0	11.2	12.8
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	170	85	80	3.2	3.3	2.9
Baptist	35	15	20	0.7	0.6	0.7
Catholic	660	250	410	12.5	9.8	15.0
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jehovah's Witness	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
Latter Day Saints	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Lutheran	30	15	15	0.6	0.6	0.6
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	40	15	25	0.8	0.6	0.9
Presbyterian	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.4
Reformed	310	125	180	5.9	4.9	6.6
United Church	200	65	135	3.8	2.6	5.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	140	60	80	2.7	2.4	2.9
Hindu	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Jewish	35	10	25	0.7	0.4	0.9
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sikh	95	75	25	1.8	3.0	0.9
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	10	30	0.8	0.4	1.1
No religion and secular perspectives	2,780	1,485	1,305	52.9	58.5	47.9
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	5,205	2,505	2,700	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	4,625	2,215	2,410	88.9	88.4	89.3
Movers	575	290	290	11.0	11.6	10.7
Non-migrants	315	155	165	6.1	6.2	6.1
Migrants	260	135	130	5.0	5.4	4.8
Internal migrants	215	120	100	4.1	4.8	3.7
Intraprovincial migrants	180	90	90	3.5	3.6	3.3
Interprovincial migrants	35	25	10	0.7	1.0	0.4
External migrants	45	20	30	0.9	0.8	1.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	4,885	2,340	2,545	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	2,660	1,265	1,395	54.5	54.1	54.8
Movers	2,225	1,070	1,155	45.5	45.7	45.4
Non-migrants	645	330	310	13.2	14.1	12.2
Migrants	1,580	740	835	32.3	31.6	32.8
Internal migrants	1,360	610	750	27.8	26.1	29.5
Intraprovincial migrants	1,080	475	605	22.1	20.3	23.8
Interprovincial migrants	280	135	145	5.7	5.8	5.7
External migrants	220	135	90	4.5	5.8	3.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,285	2,060	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	790	370	415	18.4	18.0	18.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,500	1,690	1,810	81.7	82.0	81.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,795	1,365	1,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	280	140	145	10.0	10.3	10.1
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,515	1,225	1,290	90.0	89.7	90.2
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,280	2,060	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	700	310	385	16.4	15.0	17.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,350	655	695	31.5	31.8	31.3
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,235	1,090	1,145	52.2	52.9	51.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,245	625	620	29.1	30.3	27.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	370	280	85	8.6	13.6	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	135	85	45	3.2	4.1	2.0
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	235	195	35	5.5	9.5	1.6
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	765	305	460	17.9	14.8	20.7
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	40	75	2.6	1.9	3.4
Bachelor's degree or higher	990	465	525	23.1	22.6	23.6
Bachelor's degree	660	315	350	15.4	15.3	15.8
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	35	45	2.0	1.7	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
Master's degree	230	105	125	5.4	5.1	5.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,795	1,365	1,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	235	120	115	8.4	8.8	8.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	840	430	410	30.1	31.5	28.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,720	815	905	61.5	59.7	63.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	870	410	460	31.1	30.0	32.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	235	185	55	8.4	13.6	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	85	60	25	3.0	4.4	1.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	150	120	25	5.4	8.8	1.7
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	565	205	365	20.2	15.0	25.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65	30	40	2.3	2.2	2.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	850	400	445	30.4	29.3	31.1
Bachelor's degree	570	270	295	20.4	19.8	20.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	35	35	2.5	2.6	2.4
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
Master's degree	190	90	105	6.8	6.6	7.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,280	2,060	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,045	970	1,080	47.8	47.1	48.6
Education	235	65	170	5.5	3.2	7.7
13. Education	235	65	170	5.5	3.2	7.7
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	40	25	1.5	1.9	1.1
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	25	25	1.2	1.2	1.1
Humanities	90	40	55	2.1	1.9	2.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	25	0.7	0.0	1.1
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
54. History	30	10	15	0.7	0.5	0.7
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	225	60	165	5.3	2.9	7.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	50	1.2	0.0	2.3
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	20	0.6	0.0	0.9
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	55	10	40	1.3	0.5	1.8
45. Social sciences	85	35	50	2.0	1.7	2.3
Business, management and public administration	355	155	200	8.3	7.5	9.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	325	145	180	7.6	7.0	8.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	65	55	2.8	3.2	2.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	30	40	1.6	1.5	1.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	10	0.6	0.7	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	10	0.5	0.7	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	15	20	0.8	0.7	0.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.4	0.0	0.7
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	445	405	40	10.4	19.7	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0.4	0.5	0.5
14. Engineering	50	45	0	1.2	2.2	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	75	60	15	1.8	2.9	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	140	140	0	3.3	6.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	130	125	0	3.0	6.1	0.0
48. Precision production	45	35	0	1.1	1.7	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210	155	55	4.9	7.5	2.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	15	0.6	0.7	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	180	135	40	4.2	6.6	1.8
Health and related fields	335	50	290	7.8	2.4	13.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	50	30	15	1.2	1.5	0.7
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	290	15	275	6.8	0.7	12.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	45	75	2.9	2.2	3.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	65	10	60	1.5	0.5	2.7
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	15	0	0	0.4	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	30	10	0.9	1.5	0.5
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,795	1,365	1,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,075	550	530	38.5	40.3	37.1
Education	175	55	120	6.3	4.0	8.4
13. Education	175	55	120	6.3	4.0	8.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	35	20	1.8	2.6	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	45	25	20	1.6	1.8	1.4
Humanities	70	40	30	2.5	2.9	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
54. History	30	15	15	1.1	1.1	1.0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	40	145	6.8	2.9	10.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	1.4	0.0	2.8
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	20	0.9	0.0	1.4
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	40	0	35	1.4	0.0	2.4
45. Social sciences	75	30	45	2.7	2.2	3.1
Business, management and public administration	265	105	160	9.5	7.7	11.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	10	20	0.9	0.7	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	240	95	145	8.6	7.0	10.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	50	40	3.2	3.7	2.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	20	35	2.0	1.5	2.4
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	15	15	1.1	1.1	1.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0	0.5	1.1	0.0
25. Library science	15	0	15	0.5	0.0	1.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	310	285	30	11.1	20.9	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	0.5	0.7	0.7
14. Engineering	50	45	0	1.8	3.3	0.0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	45	35	10	1.6	2.6	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	115	115	0	4.1	8.4	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	65	0	2.3	4.8	0.0
48. Precision production	25	20	0	0.9	1.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	125	45	6.1	9.2	3.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	0.7	0.7	0.7
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	120	35	5.4	8.8	2.4
Health and related fields	260	35	220	9.3	2.6	15.4
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	40	20	20	1.4	1.5	1.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	220	15	205	7.9	1.1	14.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	100	35	60	3.6	2.6	4.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	60	10	55	2.1	0.7	3.8
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	20	10	1.3	1.5	0.7
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,795	1,365	1,430	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,075	550	530	38.5	40.3	37.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,720	820	900	61.5	60.1	62.9
Location of study inside Canada	1,495	710	785	53.5	52.0	54.9
Same as province or territory of residence	975	445	530	34.9	32.6	37.1
Different than province or territory of residence	520	265	255	18.6	19.4	17.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	225	110	115	8.1	8.1	8.0
Americas	50	25	25	1.8	1.8	1.7
United States of America	45	25	15	1.6	1.8	1.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	60	25	35	2.1	1.8	2.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	15	10	0	0.5	0.7	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	10	20	1.1	0.7	1.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	10	10	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	80	40	35	2.9	2.9	2.4
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	55	25	25	2.0	1.8	1.7
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	15	10	0.9	1.1	0.7
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,280	2,060	2,220	...	...	...
In the labour force	3,020	1,585	1,435	...	...	...
Employed	2,845	1,495	1,345	...	...	...
Unemployed	180	90	90	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	1,260	475	785	...	...	...
Participation rate	70.6	76.9	64.6	70.6	76.9	64.6
Employment rate	66.5	72.6	60.6	66.5	72.6	60.6
Unemployment rate	6.0	5.7	6.3	6.0	5.7	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,280	2,060	2,220	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,305	480	825	30.5	23.3	37.2
Worked	2,975	1,585	1,395	69.5	76.9	62.8
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,515	855	655	35.4	41.5	29.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,465	725	735	34.2	35.2	33.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	42.5	40.2	41.4	42.5	40.2
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,025	1,585	1,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35	1.8	1.3	2.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,970	1,565	1,405	98.2	98.7	97.6
Employee	2,595	1,375	1,225	85.8	86.8	85.1
Permanent position	2,070	1,125	945	68.4	71.0	65.6
Temporary position	530	250	280	17.5	15.8	19.4
Fixed term (1 year or more)	155	50	105	5.1	3.2	7.3
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	375	195	180	12.4	12.3	12.5
Self-employed¹⁹²	370	195	175	12.2	12.3	12.2
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,025	1,585	1,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35	1.8	1.3	2.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,970	1,565	1,405	98.2	98.7	97.6
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	20	15	0	0.7	0.9	0.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	410	110	300	13.6	6.9	20.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	225	180	45	7.4	11.4	3.1
3 Health occupations	225	30	200	7.4	1.9	13.9
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	435	165	275	14.4	10.4	19.1
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	90	30	65	3.0	1.9	4.5
6 Sales and service occupations	800	350	445	26.4	22.1	30.9
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	595	555	35	19.7	35.0	2.4
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	85	70	15	2.8	4.4	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	75	65	10	2.5	4.1	0.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,025	1,585	1,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	55	20	35	1.8	1.3	2.4
All industries¹⁹¹	2,970	1,565	1,405	98.2	98.7	97.6
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	90	85	0	3.0	5.4	0.0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	115	85	25	3.8	5.4	1.7
22 Utilities	15	15	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
23 Construction	215	195	25	7.1	12.3	1.7
31-33 Manufacturing	145	100	40	4.8	6.3	2.8
41 Wholesale trade	80	40	35	2.6	2.5	2.4
44-45 Retail trade	430	210	220	14.2	13.2	15.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	215	185	35	7.1	11.7	2.4
51 Information and cultural industries	35	20	15	1.2	1.3	1.0
52 Finance and insurance	70	20	50	2.3	1.3	3.5
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	190	90	95	6.3	5.7	6.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	70	40	30	2.3	2.5	2.1
61 Educational services	200	70	125	6.6	4.4	8.7
62 Health care and social assistance	385	65	320	12.7	4.1	22.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	75	25	55	2.5	1.6	3.8
72 Accommodation and food services	220	145	80	7.3	9.1	5.6
81 Other services (except public administration)	120	45	75	4.0	2.8	5.2
91 Public administration	280	115	165	9.3	7.3	11.5
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	3,190	1,680	1,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,145	1,660	1,490	98.6	98.8	98.3
French	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.7
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	0	0.5	0.6	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	3,190	1,680	1,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	3,185	1,680	1,505	99.8	100.0	99.3
Official languages	3,180	1,675	1,505	99.7	99.7	99.3
English	3,165	1,670	1,495	99.2	99.4	98.7
French	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	3,190	1,680	1,515	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	3,160	1,660	1,490	99.1	98.8	98.3
English	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-official language	15	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,845	1,500	1,345	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	380	175	205	13.4	11.7	15.2
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	295	245	50	10.4	16.3	3.7
Usual place of work	2,160	1,070	1,090	75.9	71.3	81.0
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,160	1,070	1,090	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,800	840	960	83.3	78.5	88.1
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	290	195	90	13.4	18.2	8.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	35	30	3.0	3.3	2.8
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,460	1,315	1,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	1,760	935	820	71.5	71.1	71.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,640	880	760	66.7	66.9	66.7
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	115	55	65	4.7	4.2	5.7
Public transit	25	25	0	1.0	1.9	0.0
Walked	485	250	240	19.7	19.0	21.1
Bicycle	155	100	55	6.3	7.6	4.8
Other method	35	10	25	1.4	0.8	2.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,460	1,315	1,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,940	975	960	78.9	74.1	84.2
15 to 29 minutes	330	200	130	13.4	15.2	11.4
30 to 44 minutes	80	50	25	3.3	3.8	2.2
45 to 59 minutes	25	25	10	1.0	1.9	0.9
60 minutes and over	85	65	20	3.5	4.9	1.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,460	1,315	1,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	70	55	15	2.8	4.2	1.3
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	275	190	80	11.2	14.4	7.0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	510	275	225	20.7	20.9	19.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	785	315	470	31.9	24.0	41.2
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	405	195	210	16.5	14.8	18.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	425	285	140	17.3	21.7	12.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,200	600	605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	60	30	25	5.0	5.0	4.1
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,145	565	575	95.4	94.2	95.0
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	855	425	435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	40	20	20	4.7	4.7	4.6
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	15	10	5	1.8	2.4	1.1
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	25	10	15	2.9	2.4	3.4
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	815	405	410	95.3	95.3	94.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 13, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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