Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Lac-Mégantic, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	5,747	...	...
Population, 2016¹	5,654	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,143	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,938	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	261.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	21.98	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	5,745	2,725	3,025
0 to 14 years	755	380	380
0 to 4 years	180	90	85
5 to 9 years	240	115	125
10 to 14 years	345	175	165
15 to 64 years	3,095	1,530	1,560
15 to 19 years	310	160	145
20 to 24 years	215	115	95
25 to 29 years	210	110	100
30 to 34 years	210	110	100
35 to 39 years	265	125	140
40 to 44 years	370	175	190
45 to 49 years	305	150	150
50 to 54 years	310	145	165
55 to 59 years	435	215	225
60 to 64 years	465	215	255
65 years and over	1,900	815	1,080
65 to 69 years	535	270	270
70 to 74 years	405	185	220
75 to 79 years	350	145	200
80 to 84 years	240	95	145
85 years and over	370	125	245
85 to 89 years	185	70	115
90 to 94 years	140	45	95
95 to 99 years	40	5	30
100 years and over	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.1	13.9	12.6
15 to 64 years	53.9	56.1	51.6
65 years and over	33.1	29.9	35.7
85 years and over	6.4	4.6	8.1
Average age of the population	49.7	47.6	51.5
Median age of the population	53.6	50.8	56.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,940	...	...
Single-detached house	1,430	...	...
Semi-detached house	65	...	...
Row house	110	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	375	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	905	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	40	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,935	...	...
1 person	1,375	...	...
2 persons	995	...	...
3 persons	255	...	...
4 persons	200	...	...
5 or more persons	115	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,555	2,645	2,910
Average household size	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	4,985	2,345	2,640
Married or living common-law	2,615	1,300	1,310
Married	1,555	775	775
Living common-law	1,060	530	535
Living common law - Never married	820	410	410
Living common law - Separated	15	5	5
Living common law - Divorced	200	100	95
Living common law - Widowed	30	15	20
Not married and not living common-law	2,375	1,040	1,335
Not married and not living common law - Never married	1,335	720	610
Not married and not living common law - Separated	50	25	25
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	460	180	285
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	530	115	415
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,525	...	...
2 persons	980	...	...
3 persons	245	...	...
4 persons	195	...	...
5 or more persons	105	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,530	...	...
Total couple families	1,270	...	...
Married couples	740	...	...
With children⁶	170	...	...
Without children	565	...	...
Common-law couples	530	...	...
With children⁶	255	...	...
Without children	270	...	...
Total one-parent families	260	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	185	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	70	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	5,555	2,645	2,910
Total - Persons in census families	4,050	2,010	2,035
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,540	1,275	1,270
Parents in one-parent families	255	70	190
Children⁶	1,250	670	580
In a two-parent family	830	435	390
In a one-parent family	420	230	185
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,505	635	875
Living alone	1,370	565	810
Living with other relatives⁷	65	30	35
Living with non-relatives only	70	40	30
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,935	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,485	...	...
Couple-family households	1,235	...	...
With children⁶	415	...	...
Without children	815	...	...
One-parent-family households	250	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	25	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	40	...	...
One-person households	1,370	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	4,800	2,265	2,535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,740	2,235	2,500
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	39,600	30,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,740	2,235	2,505
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,600	35,600	28,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,160	1,995	2,160
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	26,800	32,800	21,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,900	1,505	1,400
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,200	37,200	29,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,200	1,935	2,270
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,600	12,700	14,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	500	285	215
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,000	3,960	4,320
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,200	650	550
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,000	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	4,800	2,265	2,530
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,750	2,245	2,500
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,880	44,240	37,880
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,750	2,245	2,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,960	36,840	33,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,155	2,005	2,150
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,920	37,640	30,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,905	1,525	1,380
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,360	37,280	35,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,225	1,945	2,280
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,600	12,370	12,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	480	300	185
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,640	5,080	3,920
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,145	630	520
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,620	6,640	6,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	4,795	2,265	2,530
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,255	630	625
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	50,000	54,000	48,400
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	55,300	57,600	53,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,315	700	615
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	21,400	21,800	20,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	25,220	26,800	23,400
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	72.6	75.8	69.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.3	57.1	51.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	27.4	24.2	30.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	1.5	0.8
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.0	5.1	4.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	3.9	4.2	3.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	4,795	2,265	2,535
Without total income	55	30	30
With total income	4,740	2,240	2,500
Under $10,000 (including loss)	240	90	155
$10,000 to $19,999	745	295	455
$20,000 to $29,999	1,050	450	600
$30,000 to $39,999	665	295	370
$40,000 to $49,999	635	320	310
$50,000 to $59,999	485	255	225
$60,000 to $69,999	315	190	125
$70,000 to $79,999	200	115	85
$80,000 to $89,999	140	80	60
$90,000 to $99,999	85	40	45
$100,000 and over	175	110	65
$100,000 to $149,999	130	80	50
$150,000 and over	40	25	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	4,795	2,265	2,535
Without after-tax income	55	30	30
With after-tax income	4,745	2,240	2,505
Under $10,000 (including loss)	260	95	165
$10,000 to $19,999	790	310	485
$20,000 to $29,999	1,170	495	680
$30,000 to $39,999	880	435	445
$40,000 to $49,999	695	380	315
$50,000 to $59,999	405	235	170
$60,000 to $69,999	250	135	115
$70,000 to $79,999	125	60	70
$80,000 to $89,999	55	30	25
$90,000 to $99,999	40	25	20
$100,000 and over	65	45	20
$100,000 to $124,999	30	25	10
$125,000 and over	30	15	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	4,795	2,265	2,535
Without employment income	1,895	760	1,130
With employment income	2,900	1,500	1,400
Under $5,000 (including loss)	380	210	175
$5,000 to $9,999	245	115	130
$10,000 to $19,999	380	165	220
$20,000 to $29,999	330	145	185
$30,000 to $39,999	355	175	180
$40,000 to $49,999	385	205	180
$50,000 to $59,999	270	170	100
$60,000 to $69,999	170	110	55
$70,000 to $79,999	135	75	60
$80,000 to $89,999	90	45	50
$90,000 to $99,999	60	25	35
$100,000 and over	105	65	35
$100,000 to $124,999	50	30	20
$125,000 and over	50	40	10
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	4,800	2,265	2,535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,705	2,225	2,480
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	37,600	28,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,705	2,225	2,480
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,800	33,600	26,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,090	1,975	2,120
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,200	34,000	23,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,960	1,535	1,425
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	38,000	29,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	3,840	1,720	2,120
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,500	10,200	12,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	485	260	230
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,160	4,760	3,400
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	4,800	2,265	2,530
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,730	2,240	2,490
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,280	41,640	35,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,730	2,240	2,490
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,080	35,320	31,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,105	1,975	2,130
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,960	38,280	29,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,930	1,540	1,390
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,000	37,640	34,160
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	3,880	1,745	2,135
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,770	10,100	11,320
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	435	250	185
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520	5,440	5,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	4,795	2,265	2,530
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	1,260	640	620
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	46,400	48,000	44,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	51,800	54,400	49,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,260	665	595
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,600	26,600	23,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,800	30,550	24,700
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	76.8	81.0	72.4
Employment income (%)	58.2	62.1	54.1
Government transfers (%)	23.1	18.9	27.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.5	1.2
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,935	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	50,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	45,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,370	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	30,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,565	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,940	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	66,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	56,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,370	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,565	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	92,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	77,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,935	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	115	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	320	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	195	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	120	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	225	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	185	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	185	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	265	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	195	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	180	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	135	...	...
$100,000 and over	580	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	220	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	155	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	135	...	...
$200,000 and over	75	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,935	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	330	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	210	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	175	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	290	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	220	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	170	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	260	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	200	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	210	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	125	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	115	...	...
$100,000 and over	400	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	200	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	115	...	...
$150,000 and over	95	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,535	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	825	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	68,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	435	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	255	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,445	605	840
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	30,200	34,800	28,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	28,600	31,800	27,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,545	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	77,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	830	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	63,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	405	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	280	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,445	620	825
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,320	37,400	35,500
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,320	33,200	31,650
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	5,555	2,645	2,915
0 to 17 years	945	475	470
0 to 5 years	220	110	105
18 to 64 years	2,860	1,395	1,460
65 years and over	1,750	770	980
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,025	430	595
0 to 17 years	130	75	55
0 to 5 years	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	380	165	215
65 years and over	515	190	325
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.4	16.3	20.4
0 to 17 years (%)	13.8	15.6	11.6
0 to 5 years (%)	19.5	20.0	18.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.3	11.8	14.7
65 years and over (%)	29.3	24.6	33.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	5,555	2,645	2,910
0 to 17 years	945	475	470
0 to 5 years	215	110	110
18 to 64 years	2,855	1,400	1,460
65 years and over	1,755	770	985
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	225	95	130
0 to 17 years	25	15	5
0 to 5 years	10	10	0
18 to 64 years	165	70	95
65 years and over	35	10	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.0	3.6	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.6	3.2	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0	8.0	x
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	5.0	6.5
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.2	2.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	5,555	2,645	2,910
In bottom half of the distribution	3,770	1,730	2,040
In bottom decile	750	310	440
In second decile	925	415	510
In third decile	810	375	430
In fourth decile	680	335	345
In fifth decile	600	300	300
In top half of the distribution	1,790	915	875
In sixth decile	610	325	290
In seventh decile	375	185	195
In eighth decile	390	195	195
In ninth decile	270	140	135
In top decile	140	75	65
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	5,555	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.464	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.259	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.2	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	5,650	2,700	2,950
English only	15	10	5
French only	4,160	1,875	2,285
English and French	1,475	810	660
Neither English nor French	5	5	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	5,650	2,700	2,950
English	80	45	40
French	5,550	2,645	2,905
English and French	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	5	5	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	5,650	2,700	2,950
Single responses	5,610	2,670	2,940
Official languages	5,510	2,615	2,895
English	75	40	35
French	5,435	2,580	2,855
Non-official languages	100	55	45
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	100	55	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10
Berber languages	5	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	30	25
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	5	10
Bosnian	15	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	20	15
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	30	15
English and French	25	20	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	5,650	2,700	2,950
English	30	15	20
French	5,405	2,570	2,835
Non-official language	20	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	10	10
English and French	110	60	55
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	60	30	30
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	5,650	2,700	2,950
Single responses	5,615	2,680	2,940
Official languages	5,570	2,650	2,910
English	40	20	20
French	5,525	2,635	2,895
Non-official languages	50	20	25
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	20	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10
Berber languages	5	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	10
Bosnian	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	25	10
English and French	15	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	5,650	2,700	2,950
None	5,485	2,610	2,870
English	90	45	45
French	30	10	15
Non-official language	25	10	10
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	25	10	10
English and French	5	5	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	5
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	5	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	5,555	2,645	2,910
Official languages	5,555	2,645	2,910
English	1,475	810	665
French	5,545	2,645	2,900
Non-official languages	225	115	115
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	225	115	115
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	15
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	25	15
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	175	85	95
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	15	0	10
German	15	0	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	75	75
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0
Portuguese	30	10	20
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	105	55	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,555	2,640	2,910
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	145	90	55
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	130	80	50
First Nations (North American Indian)	60	40	25
Métis	75	45	25
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	0
Non-Indigenous identity	5,405	2,550	2,855
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	5,555	2,640	2,910
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	25	15	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,530	2,625	2,905
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,940	...	...
Owner	1,580	...	...
Renter	1,355	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,940	...	...
Condominium	290	...	...
Not condominium	2,645	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,940	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...
1 bedroom	480	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,025	...	...
3 bedrooms	830	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	595	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,940	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,140	...	...
5 rooms	505	...	...
6 rooms	315	...	...
7 rooms	300	...	...
8 or more rooms	680	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,940	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,925	...	...
More than one person per room	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,940	...	...
Suitable	2,875	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,940	...	...
1960 or before	1,125	...	...
1961 to 1980	600	...	...
1981 to 1990	250	...	...
1991 to 2000	295	...	...
2001 to 2005	145	...	...
2006 to 2010	185	...	...
2011 to 2015	215	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,940	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,830	...	...
Major repairs needed	105	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,940	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,955	...	...
Two-maintainer household	945	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,940	...	...
15 to 24 years	65	...	...
25 to 34 years	260	...	...
35 to 44 years	370	...	...
45 to 54 years	400	...	...
55 to 64 years	580	...	...
65 to 74 years	605	...	...
75 to 84 years	430	...	...
85 years and over	235	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,935	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,395	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	545	...	...
30% to less than 100%	490	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,940	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	675	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	515	...	...
Not suitable only	50	...	...
Major repairs needed only	75	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	25	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,265	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,880	...	...
In core need	65	...	...
Not in core need	2,815	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,575	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	54.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	810	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	924	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	180,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	209,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,355	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	604	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	778	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	5,555	2,645	2,915
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	150	75	75
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	140	70	70
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	105	50	55
Métis single ancestry	35	20	15
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	85	50	40
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	85	50	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	55	30	20
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	15	20
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	5,315	2,520	2,795
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	5,555	2,645	2,910
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	5,430	2,575	2,855
Canadian citizens aged under 18	870	455	410
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,565	2,120	2,440
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	125	65	55
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	5,555	2,645	2,910
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	5,370	2,535	2,830
Immigrants⁸¹	105	65	40
Before 1980	35	20	15
1980 to 1990	20	10	0
1991 to 2000	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	10	0	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	30	15	15
2011 to 2015	10	10	0
2016 to 2021	25	10	15
Non-permanent residents⁸³	85	45	40
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	100	60	40
Under 5 years	15	10	10
5 to 14 years	15	10	0
15 to 24 years	35	20	20
25 to 44 years	40	30	10
45 years and over	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	100	60	40
Americas	35	10	20
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	40	30	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	15	10	0
Germany	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	0
Africa	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0
Asia	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	20	0	0
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	5,555	2,645	2,910
First generation¹⁰⁰	205	115	90
Second generation¹⁰¹	120	70	50
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,230	2,460	2,770
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	65	40	25
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	20	20	0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	20	15	0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	15	15	0
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	15	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	65	40	25
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	10	0	0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	35	20	15
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	5,555	2,640	2,910
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	120	80	45
South Asian	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0
Black	65	35	30
Filipino	0	0	0
Arab	40	25	15
Latin American	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	5,435	2,570	2,870
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	5,555	2,645	2,910
Canadian	2,185	1,005	1,180
English	45	25	25
Irish	240	105	130
Scottish	125	60	60
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,275	645	630
German	25	10	10
Chinese	0	0	0
Italian	35	25	10
Indian (India)	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	15
Québécois	930	425	500
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	20	10	10
Filipino	0	0	0
French Canadian	615	290	330
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	105	55	45
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	70	35	35
Métis	80	40	40
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	55	20	25
Russian	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0
American	25	20	10
Spanish	15	15	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	110	45	65
Danish	0	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	25	15	10
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	10	10	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	20	0
Czech	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	15	0	15
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	20	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	30	15	20
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	40	20	20
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	5,555	2,640	2,910
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	4,485	2,045	2,440
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	170	80	95
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	0	0	0
Baptist	0	0	0
Catholic	4,155	1,905	2,255
Christian Orthodox	0	0	0
Jehovah's Witness	35	15	20
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	0	0	0
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	80	35	40
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	0	0	0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	40	10	25
Hindu	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	30	25	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	10	0	10
No religion and secular perspectives	1,025	570	450
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	5,540	2,635	2,905
Non-movers	4,765	2,280	2,485
Movers	780	360	425
Non-migrants	385	175	210
Migrants	395	180	210
Internal migrants	370	165	210
Intraprovincial migrants	370	155	210
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0
External migrants	25	20	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	5,440	2,575	2,865
Non-movers	3,455	1,705	1,755
Movers	1,980	870	1,105
Non-migrants	750	310	435
Migrants	1,230	560	670
Internal migrants	1,130	505	625
Intraprovincial migrants	1,110	495	615
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10
External migrants	100	55	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,795	2,265	2,530
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,335	720	615
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,460	1,545	1,915
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,550	1,250	1,300
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	475	295	180
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,075	960	1,120
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,800	2,260	2,530
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,195	610	580
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,240	575	670
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,360	1,080	1,280
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,765	820	945
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	910	495	410
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	700	350	350
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	200	145	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	705	290	415
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	150	30	115
Bachelor's degree or higher	600	265	335
Bachelor's degree	440	200	245
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	25	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0
Master's degree	90	25	65
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	2,545	1,250	1,295
No certificate, diploma or degree	370	225	145
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	530	255	275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,640	775	870
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,205	585	620
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	660	360	295
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	510	255	255
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	150	105	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	445	200	240
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	25	85
Bachelor's degree or higher	440	185	255
Bachelor's degree	335	145	185
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	15	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0
Master's degree	60	10	45
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,795	2,265	2,535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,435	1,180	1,255
Education	260	50	210
13. Education	260	50	210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	45	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	35	20
Humanities	120	50	70
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	25	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	125	35	85
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	25	15	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	0	10
Business, management and public administration	490	155	330
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	455	145	310
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	20	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	10	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	495	455	45
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0
14. Engineering	60	50	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	85	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	140	135	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	120	120	0
48. Precision production	75	65	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	85	45	35
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	40	20	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	25	20
Health and related fields	390	65	320
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	375	55	315
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	275	145	130
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	165	55	110
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	30	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	60	15
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	2,550	1,250	1,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	905	480	425
Education	165	35	135
13. Education	165	35	135
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	35	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	30	10
Humanities	85	35	50
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	15	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	95	15	75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	15	0	10
Business, management and public administration	340	110	235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	320	105	220
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	20	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	345	315	35
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0
14. Engineering	40	35	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	70	60	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	105	100	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	80	80	0
48. Precision production	45	35	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	65	40	30
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	20	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	15	10
Health and related fields	245	55	190
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	235	55	185
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	210	105	105
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	130	40	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	45	15
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	2,550	1,250	1,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	905	480	425
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,645	770	875
Location of study inside Canada	1,570	725	845
Same as province or territory of residence	1,560	720	840
Different than province or territory of residence	15	0	10
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	70	50	25
Americas	15	10	10
United States of America	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	20	15	10
Belgium	0	0	0
France	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	35	30	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0
Asia	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	4,800	2,260	2,530
In the labour force	2,590	1,340	1,250
Employed	2,395	1,220	1,175
Unemployed	195	115	80
Not in the labour force	2,205	925	1,285
Participation rate	54.0	59.3	49.4
Employment rate	49.9	54.0	46.4
Unemployment rate	7.5	8.6	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	4,795	2,265	2,535
Did not work¹⁸⁶	2,105	855	1,245
Worked	2,700	1,410	1,285
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	1,325	685	640
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,370	725	645
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	41.0	43.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	2,590	1,340	1,250
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	35	30
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	2,530	1,305	1,220
Employee	2,205	1,135	1,070
Permanent position	1,755	920	835
Temporary position	450	215	235
Fixed term (1 year or more)	165	75	85
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	285	140	145
Self-employed¹⁹²	325	170	150
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	2,590	1,340	1,250
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	35	30
All occupations¹⁹¹	2,530	1,305	1,220
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	65	30	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	310	115	195
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	95	60	30
3 Health occupations	245	35	210
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	340	85	260
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	20	25
6 Sales and service occupations	655	295	365
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	440	425	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	40	35	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	275	200	80
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	2,590	1,340	1,250
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	65	35	30
All industries¹⁹¹	2,530	1,305	1,220
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	20	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0
23 Construction	145	140	0
31-33 Manufacturing	545	420	120
41 Wholesale trade	35	25	10
44-45 Retail trade	335	160	175
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	95	75	20
51 Information and cultural industries	40	15	20
52 Finance and insurance	55	10	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	95	45	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	75	50	25
61 Educational services	210	50	160
62 Health care and social assistance	430	80	345
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	15	10
72 Accommodation and food services	140	40	100
81 Other services (except public administration)	115	60	65
91 Public administration	135	70	60
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	2,830	1,460	1,365
English	20	0	15
French	2,585	1,315	1,270
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	225	140	85
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	2,830	1,460	1,365
Single responses	2,805	1,450	1,355
Official languages	2,805	1,450	1,355
English	50	30	20
French	2,750	1,420	1,335
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	15	10
English and French	20	15	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	2,830	1,460	1,365
None	2,625	1,340	1,285
English	170	100	70
French	30	25	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	2,395	1,225	1,170
Worked at home	200	75	125
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	200	165	35
Usual place of work	1,985	980	1,010
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,985	980	1,010
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,660	795	865
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	235	135	100
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	95	50	45
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	2,185	1,145	1,040
Car, truck or van	1,910	1,005	905
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,785	950	835
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	120	50	70
Public transit	25	15	10
Walked	200	85	110
Bicycle	25	20	0
Other method	35	20	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	2,185	1,145	1,040
Less than 15 minutes	1,730	850	880
15 to 29 minutes	250	150	100
30 to 44 minutes	125	90	30
45 to 59 minutes	40	30	10
60 minutes and over	45	30	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	2,185	1,145	1,040
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	150	135	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	450	310	140
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	610	260	355
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	440	130	305
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	160	70	85
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	375	235	140
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	975	490	480
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	20	15
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	940	470	470
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	785	390	395
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	30	15	15
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	20	10	10
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	755	375	380

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...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 29, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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