Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Sainte-Adèle, Ville (V)More information: Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	14,010	...	...
Population, 2016¹	12,919	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	8.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	8,002	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,896	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	117.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	119.67	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	14,010	6,845	7,165
0 to 14 years	1,745	905	840
0 to 4 years	480	255	225
5 to 9 years	625	325	300
10 to 14 years	640	325	320
15 to 64 years	8,415	4,075	4,340
15 to 19 years	580	295	280
20 to 24 years	475	255	220
25 to 29 years	595	275	320
30 to 34 years	630	325	305
35 to 39 years	745	360	380
40 to 44 years	795	370	425
45 to 49 years	795	375	420
50 to 54 years	970	475	500
55 to 59 years	1,325	620	710
60 to 64 years	1,505	720	785
65 years and over	3,850	1,870	1,975
65 to 69 years	1,315	605	710
70 to 74 years	1,065	515	550
75 to 79 years	725	370	365
80 to 84 years	390	200	190
85 years and over	350	185	170
85 to 89 years	235	125	105
90 to 94 years	95	45	50
95 to 99 years	15	5	15
100 years and over	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.5	13.2	11.7
15 to 64 years	60.1	59.5	60.6
65 years and over	27.5	27.3	27.6
85 years and over	2.5	2.7	2.4
Average age of the population	48.4	47.9	48.8
Median age of the population	53.6	52.8	54.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,895	...	...
Single-detached house	4,065	...	...
Semi-detached house	335	...	...
Row house	335	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	780	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,320	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	50	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,895	...	...
1 person	2,705	...	...
2 persons	2,670	...	...
3 persons	725	...	...
4 persons	550	...	...
5 or more persons	240	...	...
Number of persons in private households	13,740	6,725	7,015
Average household size	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,260	5,945	6,320
Married or living common-law	6,880	3,455	3,425
Married	3,410	1,705	1,700
Living common-law	3,475	1,750	1,725
Living common law - Never married	2,545	1,255	1,290
Living common law - Separated	35	20	15
Living common law - Divorced	810	430	385
Living common law - Widowed	80	45	40
Not married and not living common-law	5,380	2,490	2,895
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,305	1,695	1,610
Not married and not living common law - Separated	225	115	110
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,155	475	680
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	690	200	490
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,015	...	...
2 persons	2,645	...	...
3 persons	685	...	...
4 persons	500	...	...
5 or more persons	195	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,020	...	...
Total couple families	3,410	...	...
Married couples	1,675	...	...
With children⁶	455	...	...
Without children	1,220	...	...
Common-law couples	1,740	...	...
With children⁶	715	...	...
Without children	1,020	...	...
Total one-parent families	610	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	415	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	195	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	13,740	6,725	7,015
Total - Persons in census families	10,360	5,180	5,180
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,825	3,425	3,395
Parents in one-parent families	605	190	415
Children⁶	2,930	1,565	1,365
In a two-parent family	2,055	1,090	970
In a one-parent family	875	480	395
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,380	1,540	1,835
Living alone	2,710	1,210	1,500
Living with other relatives⁷	245	105	145
Living with non-relatives only	425	230	200
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,895	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,765	...	...
Couple-family households	3,225	...	...
With children⁶	1,095	...	...
Without children	2,125	...	...
One-parent-family households	540	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	75	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	125	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	210	...	...
One-person households	2,710	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	11,990	5,820	6,170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,800	5,730	6,075
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,400	45,200	36,800
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,805	5,730	6,075
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	39,600	33,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,640	5,220	5,415
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	37,600	26,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,015	4,070	3,945
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,600	33,600	27,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,980	4,675	5,305
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,700	13,600	13,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,455	755	700
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,520	6,000	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,740	1,905	1,835
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,500	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	12,050	5,885	6,160
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,890	5,795	6,095
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	52,050	58,500	45,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,895	5,805	6,095
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,760	47,360	38,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,640	5,315	5,330
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,280	52,100	38,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,100	4,200	3,900
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,920	46,280	37,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,975	4,690	5,285
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,760	13,340	14,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,510	810	700
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,520	6,420	6,620
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,820	1,970	1,850
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,810	8,540	9,090
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	12,050	5,890	6,160
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,135	1,700	1,435
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	59,200	68,000	52,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	70,100	77,700	61,150
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,770	1,855	1,915
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	19,000	18,600	19,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,560	28,960	26,160
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	77.8	81.6	73.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	54.8	57.3	51.9
Government transfers (%)²⁰	22.2	18.4	26.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.5	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.1	5.5	6.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.4	5.0	6.0
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	11,990	5,820	6,170
Without total income	190	95	95
With total income	11,800	5,725	6,070
Under $10,000 (including loss)	730	320	410
$10,000 to $19,999	1,360	550	810
$20,000 to $29,999	2,115	945	1,175
$30,000 to $39,999	1,635	700	940
$40,000 to $49,999	1,500	675	825
$50,000 to $59,999	1,195	610	585
$60,000 to $69,999	855	450	400
$70,000 to $79,999	625	365	265
$80,000 to $89,999	485	260	225
$90,000 to $99,999	315	185	130
$100,000 and over	985	670	315
$100,000 to $149,999	650	440	210
$150,000 and over	335	230	110
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	11,990	5,820	6,170
Without after-tax income	185	90	95
With after-tax income	11,805	5,730	6,075
Under $10,000 (including loss)	815	345	465
$10,000 to $19,999	1,445	590	855
$20,000 to $29,999	2,470	1,100	1,365
$30,000 to $39,999	2,005	875	1,130
$40,000 to $49,999	1,755	865	890
$50,000 to $59,999	1,165	640	525
$60,000 to $69,999	770	420	345
$70,000 to $79,999	470	275	195
$80,000 to $89,999	300	190	110
$90,000 to $99,999	170	110	60
$100,000 and over	450	320	130
$100,000 to $124,999	250	185	70
$125,000 and over	205	140	65
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	11,990	5,820	6,170
Without employment income	3,975	1,750	2,225
With employment income	8,020	4,070	3,950
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,425	735	690
$5,000 to $9,999	685	305	375
$10,000 to $19,999	1,060	475	580
$20,000 to $29,999	875	380	490
$30,000 to $39,999	755	375	380
$40,000 to $49,999	675	315	355
$50,000 to $59,999	555	275	280
$60,000 to $69,999	465	280	190
$70,000 to $79,999	340	185	150
$80,000 to $89,999	320	165	155
$90,000 to $99,999	225	130	95
$100,000 and over	645	450	195
$100,000 to $124,999	310	210	100
$125,000 and over	330	240	95
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	11,990	5,820	6,170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,695	5,675	6,020
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000	43,200	33,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,705	5,675	6,030
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	37,600	30,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,600	5,205	5,395
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	39,200	28,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,175	4,140	4,035
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,000	36,000	28,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,000	4,120	4,880
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,400	8,800	9,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,265	650	620
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,760	4,680	4,800
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	12,050	5,885	6,160
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,755	5,740	6,015
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,160	56,700	42,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,760	5,740	6,020
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,160	45,440	35,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,585	5,280	5,305
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,840	54,000	37,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,220	4,250	3,965
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,960	50,320	37,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,020	4,170	4,850
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	10,270	9,640	10,810
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,360	720	640
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,395	5,440	7,480
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	12,050	5,890	6,160
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,125	1,700	1,425
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	57,600	69,000	49,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,900	78,700	57,250
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	3,655	1,810	1,850
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	25,000	22,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,360	35,520	29,240
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	84.0	87.6	79.2
Employment income (%)	62.5	65.8	58.4
Government transfers (%)	16.0	12.3	20.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.5	1.2	1.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,895	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	60,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,710	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	33,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,185	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	95,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,900	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	89,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	73,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,675	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	50,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	42,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,220	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	114,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	93,500	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,895	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	105	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	465	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	300	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	290	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	325	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	335	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	305	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	565	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	545	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	490	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	415	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	385	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,100	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	710	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	495	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	495	...	...
$200,000 and over	395	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,895	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	115	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	185	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	515	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	355	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	340	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	380	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	405	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	370	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	660	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	640	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	535	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	455	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	365	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,455	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	645	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	395	...	...
$150,000 and over	415	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,030	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	81,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,160	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,180	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	107,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	595	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	59,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,135	1,440	1,690
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,800	38,400	35,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	34,400	31,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,045	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	114,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	93,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,175	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	106,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	86,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,190	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	149,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	585	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,150	1,480	1,675
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	49,200	53,050	45,760
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,320	44,440	38,520
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	13,740	6,725	7,015
0 to 17 years	2,105	1,090	1,020
0 to 5 years	600	320	275
18 to 64 years	8,000	3,880	4,115
65 years and over	3,635	1,750	1,880
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,750	795	960
0 to 17 years	245	125	120
0 to 5 years	60	35	25
18 to 64 years	930	435	495
65 years and over	580	235	345
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.7	11.8	13.6
0 to 17 years (%)	11.5	11.6	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6	10.0	9.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	11.1	12.0
65 years and over (%)	16.0	13.4	18.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	13,740	6,725	7,015
0 to 17 years	2,110	1,090	1,020
0 to 5 years	600	320	275
18 to 64 years	7,995	3,885	4,115
65 years and over	3,635	1,755	1,880
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	440	235	205
0 to 17 years	40	20	20
0 to 5 years	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	350	190	165
65 years and over	45	25	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.2	3.5	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.0	2.0	2.0
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	3.2	1.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	4.9	4.0
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.3	1.2
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	13,735	6,725	7,015
In bottom half of the distribution	7,800	3,695	4,100
In bottom decile	1,500	695	805
In second decile	1,580	725	850
In third decile	1,640	800	840
In fourth decile	1,520	725	795
In fifth decile	1,560	750	810
In top half of the distribution	5,945	3,030	2,915
In sixth decile	1,570	800	770
In seventh decile	1,345	660	685
In eighth decile	1,140	580	560
In ninth decile	995	525	465
In top decile	895	465	430
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	13,740	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.332	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.470	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.286	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	13,825	6,760	7,065
English only	180	95	80
French only	5,675	2,575	3,095
English and French	7,965	4,085	3,880
Neither English nor French	10	5	5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	13,825	6,760	7,065
English	850	455	390
French	12,805	6,215	6,590
English and French	170	85	80
Neither English nor French	10	0	5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	13,825	6,760	7,065
Single responses	13,490	6,585	6,900
Official languages	13,125	6,400	6,720
English	665	365	300
French	12,460	6,035	6,420
Non-official languages	365	190	180
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	365	190	180
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	10
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	10
Haitian Creole	5	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	5	5	5
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	265	140	125
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	25
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5
Czech	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5
Russian	20	5	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	20
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	30	10	15
German	25	10	15
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	85	75
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	40	25	15
Portuguese	15	5	5
Romanian	25	15	15
Spanish	80	40	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5
Korean	10	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10
Chinese languages	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	340	175	165
English and French	290	150	140
English and non-official language(s)	5	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	13,825	6,760	7,065
English	540	305	240
French	11,930	5,785	6,140
Non-official language	45	20	25
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	45	20	25
English and French	1,005	490	510
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	110	50	60
English, French and non-official language(s)	165	90	75
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	13,825	6,760	7,065
Single responses	13,555	6,630	6,925
Official languages	13,455	6,580	6,880
English	785	425	360
French	12,670	6,150	6,515
Non-official languages	95	50	50
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	95	50	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	5	5	5
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	30	30
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	10
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	10
Spanish	20	5	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	5
Chinese languages	10	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	275	135	140
English and French	225	110	120
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	5
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	15	10	5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	13,825	6,760	7,065
None	12,760	6,230	6,530
English	615	305	305
French	215	105	110
Non-official language	105	50	55
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	105	50	55
English and French	25	10	10
English and non-official language(s)	65	35	30
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	13,765	6,765	7,000
Official languages	13,745	6,760	6,990
English	8,255	4,265	3,990
French	13,565	6,655	6,910
Non-official languages	1,280	570	705
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,280	570	705
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	30	35
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	30	35
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	55	25	35
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,110	515	595
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	40	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	40	20
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	20	20	0
Russian	25	10	15
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	60	55
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	90	40	50
German	85	40	50
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	20	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	10
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	35	30	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	925	400	520
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	160	95	65
Portuguese	55	30	30
Romanian	65	40	25
Spanish	710	275	440
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	0	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	25	0	25
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	25	20
Chinese languages	40	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,765	6,765	7,000
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	240	115	120
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	210	100	115
First Nations (North American Indian)	90	40	50
Métis	115	55	60
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	10	10	0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	15	10	0
Non-Indigenous identity	13,525	6,650	6,880
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	13,765	6,765	7,000
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	35	25	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,730	6,740	6,995
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,895	...	...
Owner	4,755	...	...
Renter	2,140	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,895	...	...
Condominium	910	...	...
Not condominium	5,985	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,895	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...
1 bedroom	970	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,260	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,520	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,895	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,050	...	...
5 rooms	1,130	...	...
6 rooms	1,000	...	...
7 rooms	880	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,835	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,895	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,875	...	...
More than one person per room	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,895	...	...
Suitable	6,775	...	...
Not suitable	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,895	...	...
1960 or before	1,450	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,520	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,175	...	...
1991 to 2000	585	...	...
2001 to 2005	545	...	...
2006 to 2010	675	...	...
2011 to 2015	530	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	420	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,895	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,430	...	...
Major repairs needed	465	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,895	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,935	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,825	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	140	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,895	...	...
15 to 24 years	70	...	...
25 to 34 years	595	...	...
35 to 44 years	935	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,050	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,810	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,535	...	...
75 to 84 years	725	...	...
85 years and over	185	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,880	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,475	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,410	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,895	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,835	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,270	...	...
Not suitable only	85	...	...
Major repairs needed only	330	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	110	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,060	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,795	...	...
In core need	270	...	...
Not in core need	6,525	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,760	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	65.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	15.4	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	1.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,110	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,204	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	324,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	378,400	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,135	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	6.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	31.7	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	9.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	795	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	861	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	13,765	6,765	7,005
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	170	85	85
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	170	85	85
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	155	75	80
Métis single ancestry	20	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	525	245	275
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	510	240	270
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	445	200	250
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	60	40	20
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	13,070	6,430	6,635
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	13,765	6,760	7,000
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	13,490	6,640	6,845
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,025	1,040	985
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,465	5,605	5,865
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	275	120	150
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	13,765	6,760	7,000
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	12,850	6,315	6,535
Immigrants⁸¹	890	435	455
Before 1980	245	105	145
1980 to 1990	120	80	45
1991 to 2000	170	90	80
2001 to 2010	220	100	120
2011 to 2021⁸²	135	70	65
2011 to 2015	65	40	25
2016 to 2021	70	30	35
Non-permanent residents⁸³	25	10	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	895	440	455
Under 5 years	70	45	30
5 to 14 years	150	55	90
15 to 24 years	180	70	105
25 to 44 years	445	245	205
45 years and over	50	25	25
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	895	440	455
Americas	125	40	85
Brazil	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	35	15	20
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	25	0	20
Other places of birth in Americas	50	15	30
Europe	605	335	270
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	330	185	150
Germany	20	0	15
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	15	10	0
Netherlands	10	0	0
Poland	15	15	0
Portugal	10	0	10
Romania	50	30	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	25	0
Other places of birth in Europe	95	55	45
Africa	55	25	30
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0
Egypt	15	15	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	20	0	20
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0
Asia	105	35	65
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	0	20
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	20	15	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	20	0	20
Viet Nam	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	15
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	70	30	40
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	45	30	20
France	45	25	20
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	20	0	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	13,765	6,765	7,000
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,015	505	515
Second generation¹⁰¹	895	470	425
Third generation or more¹⁰²	11,855	5,790	6,065
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	645	330	310
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	405	240	175
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	215	145	70
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	195	90	95
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	200	85	120
Refugees¹⁰⁸	30	15	15
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	645	330	310
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	15	0	15
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	145	105	45
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	30	10	20
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	25	0	25
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	10
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	425	220	200
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	13,765	6,765	7,000
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	340	155	180
South Asian	0	0	0
Chinese	45	25	15
Black	70	35	35
Filipino	20	0	20
Arab	30	10	15
Latin American	100	55	45
Southeast Asian	30	10	25
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	15
Multiple visible minorities	15	10	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	13,430	6,610	6,820
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	13,765	6,765	7,000
Canadian	4,070	2,035	2,035
English	270	140	135
Irish	805	380	430
Scottish	365	150	220
French, n.o.s.¹²²	4,515	2,255	2,265
German	255	90	165
Chinese	45	20	25
Italian	435	225	210
Indian (India)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	25	35
Dutch	50	40	10
Polish	60	35	20
Québécois	1,885	860	1,030
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	140	70	70
Filipino	35	10	25
French Canadian	1,100	545	560
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	245	120	125
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	335	130	205
Métis	85	55	30
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	180	80	100
Russian	85	25	55
Norwegian	0	0	0
Welsh	15	0	10
Portuguese	95	70	30
American	65	20	40
Spanish	120	60	65
Swedish	20	10	10
Hungarian	50	25	25
Acadian	175	75	105
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20	10	10
Jewish	50	35	15
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	0	15
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	80	45	35
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	100	55	45
Lebanese	50	20	20
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	80	45	35
Danish	10	0	0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	50	20	25
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	10	0	0
Belgian	155	75	75
Haitian	30	15	15
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	55	30	30
Mennonite	0	0	0
Swiss	55	25	25
Finnish	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	45	20	25
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15	10	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	20	20
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	35	0	25
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Colombian	15	10	10
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0
Syrian	15	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	10	0	10
Brazilian	25	0	20
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	25	10	10
Slovak	25	15	10
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	10	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	15	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	10
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	0	15
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	20	15	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	25	15	15
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	50	30	25
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	20	10	15
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	65	35	30
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	50	40	20
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	30	20	10
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	10	10	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	13,765	6,765	7,000
Buddhist	35	15	20
Christian	8,900	4,280	4,615
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	445	205	245
Anabaptist	0	0	0
Anglican	75	25	45
Baptist	35	15	20
Catholic	8,090	3,920	4,175
Christian Orthodox	90	55	35
Jehovah's Witness	0	0	0
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	10	0	10
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	40	15	20
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	20	10	15
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	80	35	45
Hindu	15	15	0
Jewish	65	30	35
Muslim	15	10	0
Sikh	0	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	25	10	20
No religion and secular perspectives	4,710	2,405	2,305
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	13,655	6,705	6,950
Non-movers	11,605	5,720	5,885
Movers	2,050	985	1,070
Non-migrants	605	290	315
Migrants	1,440	695	750
Internal migrants	1,380	660	725
Intraprovincial migrants	1,345	635	710
Interprovincial migrants	40	25	20
External migrants	60	35	25
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	13,300	6,520	6,780
Non-movers	6,990	3,500	3,490
Movers	6,310	3,020	3,290
Non-migrants	1,510	715	795
Migrants	4,795	2,295	2,495
Internal migrants	4,700	2,255	2,445
Intraprovincial migrants	4,595	2,210	2,390
Interprovincial migrants	105	45	50
External migrants	95	45	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,050	5,890	6,160
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,105	1,200	900
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,945	4,690	5,260
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,360	3,545	3,815
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,080	705	370
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,280	2,840	3,440
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,050	5,890	6,165
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,810	1,030	775
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,700	1,295	1,405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,540	3,565	3,980
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,900	2,365	2,540
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,130	1,125	1,000
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,525	660	870
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	605	470	140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,205	960	1,245
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	565	275	290
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,645	1,195	1,440
Bachelor's degree	1,765	800	960
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	110	140
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	15	45
Master's degree	475	215	260
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	85	60	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,355	3,545	3,815
No certificate, diploma or degree	850	570	280
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,405	665	745
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,100	2,315	2,790
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,365	1,615	1,755
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,570	840	730
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,090	460	625
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	480	375	110
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,455	615	845
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	345	170	175
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,735	695	1,040
Bachelor's degree	1,200	495	705
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	55	105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	10	40
Master's degree	290	110	185
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	30	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,050	5,890	6,165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	4,510	2,325	2,185
Education	665	150	515
13. Education	665	150	515
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	355	120	230
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	35	0
50. Visual and performing arts	315	85	225
Humanities	460	145	310
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	85	0	85
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	240	105	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	20	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0
54. History	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	50	0	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	780	265	515
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	45	70
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	140	30	110
22. Legal professions and studies	180	75	110
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	0	10
42. Psychology	115	30	90
45. Social sciences	195	85	115
Business, management and public administration	1,675	675	1,000
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	15	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,615	665	950
Physical and life sciences and technologies	185	135	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	30	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	50	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	50	45	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	165	125	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	105	35
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,410	1,285	125
04. Architecture and related services	75	60	20
14. Engineering	205	175	30
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	285	270	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	340	310	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	310	295	20
48. Precision production	195	180	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	175	65	110
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	135	40	95
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	30	15
Health and related fields	1,010	230	775
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	150	90	65
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	845	135	710
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	20	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	655	355	300
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	360	85	270
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	150	130	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	140	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,360	3,545	3,815
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,255	1,230	1,025
Education	385	80	300
13. Education	385	80	300
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	290	95	200
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	0
50. Visual and performing arts	255	60	195
Humanities	245	90	150
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	0	40
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	125	60	65
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0
54. History	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	530	135	395
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	30	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	15	95
22. Legal professions and studies	110	40	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	75	10	70
45. Social sciences	130	30	95
Business, management and public administration	1,070	390	680
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,030	390	640
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	75	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	20	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	25	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	30	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140	100	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	130	100	30
25. Library science	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	965	860	110
04. Architecture and related services	65	40	20
14. Engineering	115	90	25
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	175	160	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	275	260	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	215	210	10
48. Precision production	120	110	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	55	95
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	115	35	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	20	10
Health and related fields	740	175	570
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	115	65	50
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	610	105	510
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	495	260	240
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	270	60	210
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	105	85	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	120	110	10
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,360	3,545	3,815
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,255	1,230	1,025
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	5,100	2,310	2,790
Location of study inside Canada	4,790	2,150	2,640
Same as province or territory of residence	4,625	2,070	2,555
Different than province or territory of residence	165	80	85
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	310	165	150
Americas	75	30	40
United States of America	50	20	30
Mexico	15	10	15
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	210	130	85
Belgium	0	0	0
France	135	85	45
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	30	15	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	20	0	20
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	12,050	5,890	6,165
In the labour force	7,200	3,695	3,505
Employed	6,550	3,360	3,190
Unemployed	650	335	315
Not in the labour force	4,850	2,195	2,655
Participation rate	59.8	62.7	56.9
Employment rate	54.4	57.0	51.7
Unemployment rate	9.0	9.1	9.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	12,050	5,890	6,165
Did not work¹⁸⁶	4,715	2,095	2,625
Worked	7,335	3,795	3,540
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,315	1,800	1,515
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	4,020	1,995	2,025
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.8	40.3	39.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	7,200	3,695	3,500
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	175	95	80
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	7,025	3,605	3,425
Employee	5,515	2,730	2,780
Permanent position	4,535	2,305	2,235
Temporary position	975	430	545
Fixed term (1 year or more)	310	110	200
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	670	320	345
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,515	870	645
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	7,200	3,695	3,500
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	175	95	80
All occupations¹⁹¹	7,025	3,605	3,425
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	215	160	50
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,045	280	760
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	395	280	115
3 Health occupations	575	135	445
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	920	290	635
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	295	140	155
6 Sales and service occupations	2,040	955	1,090
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,215	1,105	110
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	140	110	35
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	185	140	45
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	7,200	3,695	3,500
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	175	95	80
All industries¹⁹¹	7,025	3,605	3,425
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	20	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	20	10
22 Utilities	55	30	30
23 Construction	680	570	110
31-33 Manufacturing	475	340	140
41 Wholesale trade	200	110	90
44-45 Retail trade	960	470	490
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	260	200	55
51 Information and cultural industries	150	90	50
52 Finance and insurance	180	90	95
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	155	85	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	620	310	310
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	315	180	135
61 Educational services	485	160	330
62 Health care and social assistance	910	185	725
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	245	135	115
72 Accommodation and food services	520	255	265
81 Other services (except public administration)	325	135	190
91 Public administration	410	205	200
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	7,830	4,015	3,815
English	250	165	85
French	5,370	2,705	2,670
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	2,150	1,110	1,040
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	30	10
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	7,830	4,015	3,815
Single responses	7,565	3,870	3,690
Official languages	7,550	3,860	3,690
English	550	320	230
French	7,000	3,535	3,465
Non-official languages	15	10	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	15	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	265	145	120
English and French	260	140	120
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	7,830	4,015	3,815
None	5,880	3,005	2,870
English	1,610	825	785
French	300	155	140
Non-official language	20	20	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	20	20	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,550	3,360	3,190
Worked at home	1,400	680	725
Worked outside Canada	20	15	0
No fixed workplace address	1,055	800	250
Usual place of work	4,070	1,865	2,210
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,070	1,860	2,210
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,225	535	685
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	690	265	425
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,145	1,050	1,095
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	5,125	2,665	2,460
Car, truck or van	4,695	2,440	2,260
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,430	2,325	2,105
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	270	115	150
Public transit	85	55	30
Walked	200	85	110
Bicycle	20	15	0
Other method	125	70	55
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	5,125	2,665	2,460
Less than 15 minutes	1,470	590	880
15 to 29 minutes	1,675	790	890
30 to 44 minutes	810	490	325
45 to 59 minutes	530	335	190
60 minutes and over	640	465	175
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	5,125	2,665	2,460
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	400	325	70
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	865	595	275
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,230	535	690
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,185	485	705
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	740	285	450
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	700	440	265
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,145	1,115	1,035
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	260	140	125
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,885	975	905
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,615	830	785
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	200	105	95
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	145	75	75
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	55	30	25
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,415	725	690

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 28, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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