Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	IqaluitMore information: Nunavut [Population centre]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	6,991	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	7,323^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	- 4.5	...	...	- 4.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	3,093	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	2,542	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	667.0	...	...	667.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.48	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	6,990	3,515	3,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	1,635	855	780	23.4	24.3	22.5
0 to 4 years	580	315	265	8.3	9.0	7.6
5 to 9 years	540	280	260	7.7	8.0	7.5
10 to 14 years	520	265	260	7.4	7.5	7.5
15 to 64 years	5,080	2,520	2,565	72.7	71.7	73.9
15 to 19 years	430	200	230	6.2	5.7	6.6
20 to 24 years	450	240	210	6.4	6.8	6.1
25 to 29 years	590	310	280	8.4	8.8	8.1
30 to 34 years	685	330	355	9.8	9.4	10.2
35 to 39 years	630	305	325	9.0	8.7	9.4
40 to 44 years	575	290	285	8.2	8.3	8.2
45 to 49 years	500	230	270	7.2	6.5	7.8
50 to 54 years	480	240	245	6.9	6.8	7.1
55 to 59 years	435	210	220	6.2	6.0	6.3
60 to 64 years	290	160	135	4.1	4.6	3.9
65 years and over	270	145	125	3.9	4.1	3.6
65 to 69 years	165	90	75	2.4	2.6	2.2
70 to 74 years	65	35	35	0.9	1.0	1.0
75 to 79 years	20	15	5	0.3	0.4	0.1
80 to 84 years	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
85 years and over	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.4	24.3	22.5	23.4	24.3	22.5
15 to 64 years	72.7	71.7	73.9	72.7	71.7	73.9
65 years and over	3.9	4.1	3.6	3.9	4.1	3.6
85 years and over	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Average age of the population	32.6	32.4	32.8	32.6	32.4	32.8
Median age of the population	32.8	32.4	33.2	32.8	32.4	33.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	2,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	660	...	...	25.9	...	...
Semi-detached house	180	...	...	7.1	...	...
Row house	590	...	...	23.2	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	990	...	...	38.9	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	100	...	...	3.9	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.2	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	680	...	...	26.8	...	...
2 persons	735	...	...	28.9	...	...
3 persons	435	...	...	17.1	...	...
4 persons	335	...	...	13.2	...	...
5 or more persons	360	...	...	14.2	...	...
Number of persons in private households	6,870	3,405	3,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	5,355	2,665	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	2,735	1,370	1,360	51.1	51.4	50.6
Married	1,500	760	740	28.0	28.5	27.5
Living common-law	1,235	615	615	23.1	23.1	22.9
Living common law - Never married	1,090	530	560	20.4	19.9	20.8
Living common law - Separated	25	20	10	0.5	0.8	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	110	60	50	2.1	2.3	1.9
Living common law - Widowed	10	5	5	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not married and not living common-law	2,625	1,290	1,330	49.0	48.4	49.4
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,190	1,125	1,065	40.9	42.2	39.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	105	55	50	2.0	2.1	1.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	225	85	140	4.2	3.2	5.2
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	105	25	80	2.0	0.9	3.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	805	...	...	44.8	...	...
3 persons	405	...	...	22.6	...	...
4 persons	330	...	...	18.4	...	...
5 or more persons	255	...	...	14.2	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,795	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	1,310	...	...	73.0	...	...
Married couples	695	...	...	38.7	...	...
With children⁶	455	...	...	25.3	...	...
Without children	245	...	...	13.6	...	...
Common-law couples	615	...	...	34.3	...	...
With children⁶	360	...	...	20.1	...	...
Without children	255	...	...	14.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	485	...	...	27.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	360	...	...	20.1	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	120	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	6,870	3,405	3,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	5,550	2,750	2,795	80.8	80.8	80.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	2,625	1,305	1,320	38.2	38.3	38.2
Parents in one-parent families	485	120	365	7.1	3.5	10.5
Children⁶	2,440	1,325	1,115	35.5	38.9	32.2
In a two-parent family	1,695	910	790	24.7	26.7	22.8
In a one-parent family	745	415	325	10.8	12.2	9.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,325	655	665	19.3	19.2	19.2
Living alone	680	310	370	9.9	9.1	10.7
Living with other relatives⁷	315	150	165	4.6	4.4	4.8
Living with non-relatives only	325	195	130	4.7	5.7	3.8
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	1,420	...	...	55.9	...	...
Couple-family households	1,090	...	...	42.9	...	...
With children⁶	680	...	...	26.8	...	...
Without children	410	...	...	16.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	325	...	...	12.8	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	115	...	...	4.5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	20	...	...	0.8	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	140	...	...	5.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	165	...	...	6.5	...	...
One-person households	685	...	...	27.0	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	5,230	2,550	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,185	2,520	2,660	99.1	98.8	99.3
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	84,000	81,000	87,000	84,000	81,000	87,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,185	2,520	2,660	99.1	98.8	99.3
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	71,500	69,000	74,500	71,500	69,000	74,500
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,685	2,235	2,445	89.6	87.6	91.2
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	89,000	89,000	89,000	89,000	89,000	89,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,490	2,155	2,340	85.9	84.5	87.3
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	90,000	90,000	90,000	90,000	90,000	90,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	5,150	2,505	2,645	98.5	98.2	98.7
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	1,680	1,500	1,820	1,680	1,500	1,820
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	320	180	140	6.1	7.1	5.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,360	6,280	7,200	6,360	6,280	7,200
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,245	660	585	23.8	25.9	21.8
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	5,230	2,555	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,180	2,520	2,660	99.0	98.6	99.3
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	86,300	86,000	86,600	86,300	86,000	86,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,180	2,520	2,660	99.0	98.6	99.3
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	71,800	71,100	72,400	71,800	71,100	72,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,685	2,235	2,450	89.6	87.5	91.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	88,500	90,500	86,800	88,500	90,500	86,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,490	2,155	2,335	85.9	84.3	87.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	87,700	88,700	86,600	87,700	88,700	86,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	5,150	2,500	2,645	98.5	97.8	98.7
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,330	5,825	6,810	6,330	5,825	6,810
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	320	185	135	6.1	7.2	5.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,600	6,800	8,800	7,600	6,800	8,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,245	660	585	23.8	25.8	21.8
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,160	10,020	10,320	10,160	10,020	10,320
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	5,230	2,555	2,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,755	1,345	1,415	52.7	52.6	52.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	115,000	114,000	115,000	115,000	114,000	115,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	114,900	116,200	113,800	114,900	116,200	113,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,120	520	605	21.4	20.4	22.6
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,000	30,000	29,800	30,000	30,000	29,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	47,900	48,000	48,000	47,900	48,000	48,000
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	92.8	93.2	92.2	92.8	93.2	92.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	88.0	88.2	87.8	88.0	88.2	87.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	7.3	6.7	7.8	7.3	6.7	7.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.5
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	3.0	3.2	2.9	3.0	3.2	2.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	2.8	3.1	2.6	2.8	3.1	2.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	5,235	2,555	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	50	35	20	1.0	1.4	0.7
With total income	5,180	2,525	2,660	98.9	98.8	99.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	505	255	245	9.7	10.1	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	435	240	200	8.4	9.5	7.5
$20,000 to $29,999	380	195	180	7.3	7.7	6.8
$30,000 to $39,999	310	135	180	6.0	5.3	6.8
$40,000 to $49,999	265	135	125	5.1	5.3	4.7
$50,000 to $59,999	210	95	110	4.1	3.8	4.1
$60,000 to $69,999	200	90	105	3.9	3.6	3.9
$70,000 to $79,999	205	105	100	4.0	4.2	3.8
$80,000 to $89,999	245	125	120	4.7	5.0	4.5
$90,000 to $99,999	255	100	155	4.9	4.0	5.8
$100,000 and over	2,180	1,045	1,130	42.1	41.4	42.5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,510	680	830	29.2	26.9	31.2
$150,000 and over	670	365	305	12.9	14.5	11.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	5,235	2,555	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	50	35	20	1.0	1.4	0.7
With after-tax income	5,180	2,525	2,660	98.9	98.8	99.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	510	260	245	9.8	10.3	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	440	240	205	8.5	9.5	7.7
$20,000 to $29,999	425	225	200	8.2	8.9	7.5
$30,000 to $39,999	365	165	205	7.0	6.5	7.7
$40,000 to $49,999	280	130	145	5.4	5.1	5.5
$50,000 to $59,999	255	125	130	4.9	5.0	4.9
$60,000 to $69,999	290	140	145	5.6	5.5	5.5
$70,000 to $79,999	310	140	165	6.0	5.5	6.2
$80,000 to $89,999	350	155	185	6.8	6.1	7.0
$90,000 to $99,999	450	195	250	8.7	7.7	9.4
$100,000 and over	1,520	740	780	29.3	29.3	29.3
$100,000 to $124,999	925	420	510	17.9	16.6	19.2
$125,000 and over	600	325	270	11.6	12.9	10.2
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	5,235	2,555	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	740	400	345	14.1	15.7	12.9
With employment income	4,495	2,155	2,335	85.9	84.3	87.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	355	175	175	7.9	8.1	7.5
$5,000 to $9,999	215	95	125	4.8	4.4	5.4
$10,000 to $19,999	330	140	190	7.3	6.5	8.1
$20,000 to $29,999	185	105	85	4.1	4.9	3.6
$30,000 to $39,999	180	85	95	4.0	3.9	4.1
$40,000 to $49,999	175	90	85	3.9	4.2	3.6
$50,000 to $59,999	180	90	85	4.0	4.2	3.6
$60,000 to $69,999	185	95	95	4.1	4.4	4.1
$70,000 to $79,999	190	100	95	4.2	4.6	4.1
$80,000 to $89,999	260	115	145	5.8	5.3	6.2
$90,000 to $99,999	235	110	130	5.2	5.1	5.6
$100,000 and over	2,005	970	1,040	44.6	45.0	44.5
$100,000 to $124,999	820	355	465	18.2	16.5	19.9
$125,000 and over	1,185	615	575	26.4	28.5	24.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	5,230	2,550	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,930	2,395	2,540	94.3	93.9	94.8
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	78,000	77,000	78,500	78,000	77,000	78,500
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,930	2,395	2,540	94.3	93.9	94.8
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	67,500	66,500	68,000	67,500	66,500	68,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,590	2,230	2,355	87.8	87.5	87.9
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	83,000	82,000	83,000	83,000	82,000	83,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,490	2,190	2,305	85.9	85.9	86.0
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	82,000	82,000	84,000	82,000	82,000	84,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	4,180	1,985	2,195	79.9	77.8	81.9
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,510	1,510	1,600	1,510	1,510	1,600
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	360	160	200	6.9	6.3	7.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,800	6,700	8,500	7,800	6,700	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	5,230	2,555	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,930	2,395	2,535	94.3	93.7	94.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	82,500	82,800	82,400	82,500	82,800	82,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,930	2,395	2,535	94.3	93.7	94.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	68,900	68,500	69,300	68,900	68,500	69,300
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,590	2,235	2,360	87.8	87.5	88.1
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	84,400	85,500	83,500	84,400	85,500	83,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,490	2,185	2,300	85.9	85.5	85.8
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	82,900	83,800	82,000	82,900	83,800	82,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	4,180	1,980	2,195	79.9	77.5	81.9
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	4,656	3,688	5,520	4,656	3,688	5,520
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	360	160	200	6.9	6.3	7.5
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,120	7,350	10,600	9,120	7,350	10,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	5,230	2,555	2,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	2,755	1,345	1,410	52.7	52.6	52.7
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	109,000	108,000	110,000	109,000	108,000	110,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	106,300	108,000	104,800	106,300	108,000	104,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	1,050	490	560	20.1	19.2	20.9
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,000	33,600	34,000	34,000	33,600	34,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	51,400	51,400	51,800	51,400	51,400	51,800
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	95.2	96.2	94.2	95.2	96.2	94.2
Employment income (%)	91.4	92.6	90.4	91.4	92.6	90.4
Government transfers (%)	4.8	3.7	5.8	4.8	3.7	5.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.8	0.6	1.0	0.8	0.6	1.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	2,545	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	155,000	...	...	155,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	131,000	...	...	131,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	685	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	112,000	...	...	112,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,860	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	188,000	...	...	188,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	159,000	...	...	159,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	2,540	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	176,000	...	...	176,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	146,200	...	...	146,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	680	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	106,400	...	...	106,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,860	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	201,400	...	...	201,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	167,600	...	...	167,600	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	2,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	1.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	1.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	1.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	35	...	...	1.4	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	1.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	50	...	...	2.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	85	...	...	3.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	70	...	...	2.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	75	...	...	2.9	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	90	...	...	3.5	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,935	...	...	76.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	320	...	...	12.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	305	...	...	12.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	435	...	...	17.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	875	...	...	34.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	2,545	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	0.8	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	0.8	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	0.8	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	1.2	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	1.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	1.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	1.0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	1.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	1.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...	2.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	100	...	...	3.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	85	...	...	3.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	105	...	...	4.1	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...	6.9	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,735	...	...	68.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	400	...	...	15.7	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	270	...	...	10.6	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,065	...	...	41.8	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,755	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	186,000	...	...	186,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	157,000	...	...	157,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	425	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	208,000	...	...	208,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...	172,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	810	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	226,000	...	...	226,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	188,000	...	...	188,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	415	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	101,000	...	...	101,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,005	510	500	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	99,000	93,000	102,000	99,000	93,000	102,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	83,000	77,500	87,000	83,000	77,500	87,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,750	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	200,200	...	...	200,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	166,400	...	...	166,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	430	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	209,000	...	...	209,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	172,000	...	...	172,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	810	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	236,800	...	...	236,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	196,000	...	...	196,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	415	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	122,000	...	...	122,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	105,200	...	...	105,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,005	505	500	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	95,400	94,000	97,200	95,400	94,000	97,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	79,400	78,000	80,800	79,400	78,000	80,800
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	6,870	3,410	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	1,895	975	920	27.6	28.6	26.6
0 to 5 years	665	360	305	9.7	10.6	8.8
18 to 64 years	4,715	2,295	2,420	68.6	67.3	69.8
65 years and over	260	135	125	3.8	4.0	3.6
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	285	140	150	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	85	45	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	25	20	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	185	85	95	...	...	...
65 years and over	15	10	5	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.2	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.1	4.2
0 to 17 years (%)	4.6	4.2	5.0	4.6	4.2	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	5.0	3.0	4.0	5.0	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.9	3.8	4.0	3.9	3.8	4.0
65 years and over (%)	6.0	7.0	5.0	6.0	7.0	5.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
65 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
65 years and over	0	0	0	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	6,870	3,410	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	1,435	730	705	20.9	21.4	20.3
In bottom decile	325	150	170	4.7	4.4	4.9
In second decile	310	165	145	4.5	4.8	4.2
In third decile	255	130	130	3.7	3.8	3.8
In fourth decile	255	135	125	3.7	4.0	3.6
In fifth decile	290	150	145	4.2	4.4	4.2
In top half of the distribution	5,435	2,680	2,755	79.1	78.6	79.5
In sixth decile	435	220	215	6.3	6.5	6.2
In seventh decile	475	235	235	6.9	6.9	6.8
In eighth decile	650	300	340	9.5	8.8	9.8
In ninth decile	1,090	530	560	15.9	15.5	16.2
In top decile	2,790	1,390	1,400	40.6	40.8	40.4
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	6,870	...	...	6,870	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.299	...	...	0.299	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.351	...	...	0.351	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.274	...	...	0.274	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	6,875	3,415	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	5,815	2,890	2,925	84.6	84.6	84.4
French only	50	15	30	0.7	0.4	0.9
English and French	955	475	475	13.9	13.9	13.7
Neither English nor French	60	30	30	0.9	0.9	0.9
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	6,875	3,415	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	6,350	3,145	3,205	92.4	92.1	92.5
French	420	225	195	6.1	6.6	5.6
English and French	50	20	25	0.7	0.6	0.7
Neither English nor French	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	0.9
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	6,875	3,415	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,320	3,145	3,175	91.9	92.1	91.6
Official languages	3,695	1,945	1,755	53.7	57.0	50.6
English	3,320	1,740	1,580	48.3	51.0	45.6
French	375	205	170	5.5	6.0	4.9
Non-official languages	2,620	1,200	1,425	38.1	35.1	41.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	2,145	955	1,185	31.2	28.0	34.2
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	2,140	955	1,180	31.1	28.0	34.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	2,135	955	1,180	31.1	28.0	34.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	480	245	235	7.0	7.2	6.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	50	15	0.9	1.5	0.4
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	45	15	0.9	1.3	0.4
Amharic	20	15	5	0.3	0.4	0.1
Arabic	30	30	5	0.4	0.9	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	145	60	85	2.1	1.8	2.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	55	80	1.9	1.6	2.3
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Haitian Creole	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.3
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	150	85	65	2.2	2.5	1.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	25	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	25	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	20	15	5	0.3	0.4	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
German	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20	0.6	0.6	0.6
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	30	25	0.8	0.9	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	5	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Romanian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	40	20	20	0.6	0.6	0.6
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	55	20	35	0.8	0.6	1.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.3
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	10	0.4	0.3	0.3
Chinese languages	25	10	10	0.4	0.3	0.3
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	555	270	290	8.1	7.9	8.4
English and French	80	40	40	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	450	215	230	6.5	6.3	6.6
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.3
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	6,875	3,415	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,485	1,830	1,655	50.7	53.6	47.8
French	170	95	75	2.5	2.8	2.2
Non-official language	550	265	280	8.0	7.8	8.1
Indigenous³⁹	500	240	255	7.3	7.0	7.4
Non-Indigenous	55	20	30	0.8	0.6	0.9
English and French	260	120	135	3.8	3.5	3.9
English and non-official language(s)	2,315	1,060	1,260	33.7	31.0	36.4
French and non-official language(s)	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	80	35	45	1.2	1.0	1.3
Multiple non-official languages	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	6,875	3,415	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,230	3,110	3,115	90.6	91.1	89.9
Official languages	5,090	2,565	2,530	74.0	75.1	73.0
English	4,835	2,425	2,410	70.3	71.0	69.6
French	255	135	120	3.7	4.0	3.5
Non-official languages	1,140	550	590	16.6	16.1	17.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	980	470	510	14.3	13.8	14.7
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	980	470	510	14.3	13.8	14.7
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	975	465	505	14.2	13.6	14.6
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	160	80	80	2.3	2.3	2.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	0.3	0.3	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	5	0.3	0.3	0.1
Amharic	15	5	5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Arabic	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	60	30	35	0.9	0.9	1.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	25	30	0.9	0.7	0.9
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.3
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	50	30	20	0.7	0.9	0.6
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	5	0.3	0.4	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	5	0.3	0.4	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	15	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	0.2	0.1	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Chinese languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	645	300	345	9.4	8.8	10.0
English and French	80	40	40	1.2	1.2	1.2
English and non-official language(s)	560	260	295	8.1	7.6	8.5
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	6,880	3,415	3,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	4,810	2,475	2,335	69.9	72.5	67.5
English	635	300	340	9.2	8.8	9.8
French	130	60	75	1.9	1.8	2.2
Non-official language	1,205	540	665	17.5	15.8	19.2
Indigenous³⁹	1,010	445	570	14.7	13.0	16.5
Non-Indigenous	190	90	100	2.8	2.6	2.9
English and French	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.7	0.6	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	6,870	3,405	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	6,810	3,380	3,430	99.1	99.3	99.0
English	6,765	3,360	3,405	98.5	98.7	98.3
French	1,005	495	505	14.6	14.5	14.6
Non-official languages	3,660	1,700	1,955	53.3	49.9	56.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	2,920	1,350	1,570	42.5	39.6	45.3
Algonquian languages	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	10	0	0.0	0.3	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	2,905	1,340	1,565	42.3	39.4	45.2
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	2,905	1,340	1,560	42.3	39.4	45.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.3
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	790	370	420	11.5	10.9	12.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	60	30	1.3	1.8	0.9
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Hausa	0	10	0	0.0	0.3	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	80	55	25	1.2	1.6	0.7
Amharic	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Arabic	55	40	15	0.8	1.2	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	190	70	120	2.8	2.1	3.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.3
Fijian	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.3
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	190	70	120	2.8	2.1	3.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.3
Creole languages	30	10	25	0.4	0.3	0.7
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	330	160	170	4.8	4.7	4.9
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	20	0.5	0.6	0.6
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	35	20	20	0.5	0.6	0.6
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Russian	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	10	0	0.0	0.3	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	0.9
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	20	25	0.7	0.6	0.7
German	45	20	25	0.7	0.6	0.7
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Dutch	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Indo-Iranian languages	55	35	30	0.8	1.0	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	50	30	20	0.7	0.9	0.6
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	25	10	10	0.4	0.3	0.3
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	35	20	15	0.5	0.6	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	195	85	105	2.8	2.5	3.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Portuguese	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Romanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Spanish	165	65	95	2.4	1.9	2.7
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.3
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	110	55	55	1.6	1.6	1.6
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	35	10	20	0.5	0.3	0.6
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
American Sign Language	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	10	20	0.5	0.3	0.6
Chinese languages	35	10	20	0.5	0.3	0.6
Hakka	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	10	0	0.0	0.3	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,870	3,405	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	3,920	1,850	2,070	57.1	54.3	59.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	3,855	1,810	2,045	56.1	53.2	59.0
First Nations (North American Indian)	90	45	45	1.3	1.3	1.3
Métis	55	30	25	0.8	0.9	0.7
Inuk (Inuit)	3,715	1,740	1,970	54.1	51.1	56.9
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	35	15	15	0.5	0.4	0.4
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	2,950	1,560	1,390	42.9	45.8	40.1
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	6,870	3,405	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	60	30	35	0.9	0.9	1.0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	6,810	3,375	3,430	99.1	99.1	99.0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	650	...	...	25.6	...	...
Renter	1,890	...	...	74.4	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	380	...	...	15.0	...	...
Not condominium	2,160	...	...	85.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	635	...	...	25.0	...	...
2 bedrooms	760	...	...	29.9	...	...
3 bedrooms	810	...	...	31.9	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	325	...	...	12.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,215	...	...	47.8	...	...
5 rooms	515	...	...	20.3	...	...
6 rooms	365	...	...	14.4	...	...
7 rooms	230	...	...	9.1	...	...
8 or more rooms	220	...	...	8.7	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,395	...	...	94.3	...	...
More than one person per room	145	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	2,190	...	...	86.2	...	...
Not suitable	355	...	...	14.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	55	...	...	2.2	...	...
1961 to 1980	405	...	...	15.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	395	...	...	15.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	555	...	...	21.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	285	...	...	11.2	...	...
2006 to 2010	280	...	...	11.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	295	...	...	11.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	255	...	...	10.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	2,190	...	...	86.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	355	...	...	14.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,615	...	...	63.6	...	...
Two-maintainer household	825	...	...	32.5	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	100	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	65	...	...	2.6	...	...
25 to 34 years	560	...	...	22.0	...	...
35 to 44 years	680	...	...	26.8	...	...
45 to 54 years	610	...	...	24.0	...	...
55 to 64 years	475	...	...	18.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	125	...	...	4.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	0.8	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,270	...	...	89.4	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	265	...	...	10.4	...	...
30% to less than 100%	225	...	...	8.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	2,540	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	850	...	...	33.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	215	...	...	8.5	...	...
Not suitable only	270	...	...	10.6	...	...
Major repairs needed only	250	...	...	9.8	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	15	...	...	0.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	35	...	...	1.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	65	...	...	2.6	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.4	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,695	...	...	66.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	2,500	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	375	...	...	15.0	...	...
Not in core need	2,125	...	...	85.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	650	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	82.3	...	...	82.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.0	...	...	10.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	8.5	...	...	8.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,960	...	...	2,960	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,810	...	...	2,810	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	600,000	...	...	600,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	604,000	...	...	604,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,895	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	79.4	...	...	79.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	10.8	...	...	10.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	17.3	...	...	17.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,490	...	...	1,490	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,542	...	...	1,542	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	6,870	3,410	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	2,845	1,325	1,515	41.4	38.9	43.7
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	2,805	1,315	1,490	40.8	38.6	43.0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	55	25	35	0.8	0.7	1.0
Métis single ancestry	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	2,730	1,280	1,450	39.7	37.5	41.8
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	40	15	25	0.6	0.4	0.7
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	30	10	25	0.4	0.3	0.7
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,120	550	570	16.3	16.1	16.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,090	540	555	15.9	15.8	16.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	150	85	65	2.2	2.5	1.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	15	15	0.4	0.4	0.4
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	910	440	470	13.2	12.9	13.6
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	25	10	10	0.4	0.3	0.3
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,905	1,525	1,375	42.3	44.7	39.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	6,870	3,410	3,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	6,590	3,280	3,310	95.9	96.2	95.7
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,865	965	895	27.1	28.3	25.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,725	2,310	2,410	68.8	67.7	69.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	280	130	155	4.1	3.8	4.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	6,870	3,410	3,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	6,125	3,040	3,080	89.2	89.1	89.0
Immigrants⁸¹	690	335	355	10.0	9.8	10.3
Before 1980	60	30	30	0.9	0.9	0.9
1980 to 1990	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
1991 to 2000	65	40	30	0.9	1.2	0.9
2001 to 2010	260	140	115	3.8	4.1	3.3
2011 to 2021⁸²	280	120	160	4.1	3.5	4.6
2011 to 2015	135	65	70	2.0	1.9	2.0
2016 to 2021	140	55	90	2.0	1.6	2.6
Non-permanent residents⁸³	55	30	25	0.8	0.9	0.7
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	690	335	355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	65	30	40	9.4	9.0	11.3
5 to 14 years	105	45	60	15.2	13.4	16.9
15 to 24 years	105	50	55	15.2	14.9	15.5
25 to 44 years	355	180	175	51.4	53.7	49.3
45 years and over	65	35	30	9.4	10.4	8.5
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	690	335	355	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	100	45	50	14.5	13.4	14.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	15	10	10	2.2	3.0	2.8
Mexico	10	10	10	1.4	3.0	2.8
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	30	10	20	4.3	3.0	5.6
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	15	4.3	4.5	4.2
Europe	95	60	40	13.8	17.9	11.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.8
Germany	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	10	10	1.4	3.0	2.8
Russian Federation	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	25	15	5.1	7.5	4.2
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Africa	210	110	100	30.4	32.8	28.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	20	15	0	2.9	4.5	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	1.4	3.0	0.0
Nigeria	35	15	25	5.1	4.5	7.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	1.4	0.0	2.8
Other places of birth in Africa	130	65	65	18.8	19.4	18.3
Asia	280	120	160	40.6	35.8	45.1
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	10	0	1.4	3.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	2.2	0.0	2.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	170	65	110	24.6	19.4	31.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	2.8
India	25	10	15	3.6	3.0	4.2
Pakistan	25	15	15	3.6	4.5	4.2
Sri Lanka	10	10	10	1.4	3.0	2.8
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10	2.2	3.0	2.8
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0	1.4	3.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	140	50	90	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	0	10	14.3	0.0	11.1
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	7.1	0.0	11.1
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	7.1	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	0	0	7.1	0.0	0.0
France	0	10	0	0.0	20.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	45	20	30	32.1	40.0	33.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	10	10	10	7.1	20.0	11.1
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	15	10	0	10.7	20.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	10	0	10	7.1	0.0	11.1
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	10.7	20.0	11.1
Asia	60	15	45	42.9	30.0	50.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	0	10	10.7	0.0	11.1
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	30	10	20	21.4	20.0	22.2
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	7.1	0.0	11.1
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	11.1
Oceania and other⁹³	0	10	0	0.0	20.0	0.0
Australia	0	10	0	0.0	20.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	6,870	3,405	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	775	385	395	11.3	11.3	11.4
Second generation¹⁰¹	610	320	285	8.9	9.4	8.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	5,485	2,705	2,780	79.8	79.4	80.2
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	635	310	320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	355	170	185	55.9	54.8	57.8
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	190	95	95	29.9	30.6	29.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	170	75	95	26.8	24.2	29.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	180	80	105	28.3	25.8	32.8
Refugees¹⁰⁸	85	60	25	13.4	19.4	7.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	10	10	1.6	3.2	3.1
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	635	310	320	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	60	35	25	9.4	11.3	7.8
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	95	35	60	15.0	11.3	18.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	40	20	20	6.3	6.5	6.3
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	430	215	215	67.7	69.4	67.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	6,870	3,405	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	850	415	435	12.4	12.2	12.6
South Asian	95	45	45	1.4	1.3	1.3
Chinese	35	15	15	0.5	0.4	0.4
Black	375	195	180	5.5	5.7	5.2
Filipino	215	90	120	3.1	2.6	3.5
Arab	35	20	10	0.5	0.6	0.3
Latin American	40	20	15	0.6	0.6	0.4
Southeast Asian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Multiple visible minorities	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	6,020	2,995	3,030	87.6	88.0	87.4
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	6,870	3,405	3,460	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	425	240	185	6.2	7.0	5.3
English	720	390	325	10.5	11.5	9.4
Irish	770	405	370	11.2	11.9	10.7
Scottish	810	395	415	11.8	11.6	12.0
French, n.o.s.¹²²	505	255	245	7.4	7.5	7.1
German	300	150	155	4.4	4.4	4.5
Chinese	45	15	25	0.7	0.4	0.7
Italian	100	40	60	1.5	1.2	1.7
Indian (India)	45	15	25	0.7	0.4	0.7
Ukrainian	70	35	30	1.0	1.0	0.9
Dutch	105	50	60	1.5	1.5	1.7
Polish	75	35	40	1.1	1.0	1.2
Québécois	45	30	15	0.7	0.9	0.4
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	160	75	80	2.3	2.2	2.3
Filipino	210	95	115	3.1	2.8	3.3
French Canadian	90	45	45	1.3	1.3	1.3
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	165	80	90	2.4	2.3	2.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	40	20	30	0.6	0.6	0.9
Métis	55	25	35	0.8	0.7	1.0
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	180	95	85	2.6	2.8	2.5
Russian	40	25	10	0.6	0.7	0.3
Norwegian	65	30	35	0.9	0.9	1.0
Welsh	65	35	35	0.9	1.0	1.0
Portuguese	45	20	20	0.7	0.6	0.6
American	40	20	20	0.6	0.6	0.6
Spanish	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Swedish	45	30	15	0.7	0.9	0.4
Hungarian	40	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.4
Acadian	55	25	30	0.8	0.7	0.9
Pakistani	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	80	40	35	1.2	1.2	1.0
Jewish	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Greek	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Jamaican	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35	15	20	0.5	0.4	0.6
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	40	15	20	0.6	0.4	0.6
Korean	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Romanian	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.3
Lebanese	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Iranian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	15	10	15	0.2	0.3	0.4
Danish	25	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	20	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Belgian	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Haitian	25	10	10	0.4	0.3	0.3
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	20	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.3
Mennonite	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Swiss	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
Finnish	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Croatian	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Japanese	0	10	0	0.0	0.3	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	60	40	20	0.9	1.2	0.6
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Muslim	0	10	0	0.0	0.3	0.0
Egyptian	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Icelandic	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	0	10	0	0.0	0.3	0.0
Czech	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.3
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	30	10	20	0.4	0.3	0.6
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	45	25	20	0.7	0.7	0.6
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	3,695	1,745	1,955	53.8	51.2	56.5
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	10	0	0.0	0.3	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Australian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	25	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.3
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.3
New Brunswicker	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.3
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.3
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	30	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	45	25	20	0.7	0.7	0.6
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.3
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.3
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Malaysian	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	15	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	25	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.3
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Igorot	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Fulani	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.3
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	10	10	0.0	0.3	0.3
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	6,870	3,405	3,465	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	10	10	0.1	0.3	0.3
Christian	3,770	1,805	1,965	54.9	53.0	56.7
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	410	175	240	6.0	5.1	6.9
Anabaptist	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Anglican	1,930	935	990	28.1	27.5	28.6
Baptist	55	25	35	0.8	0.7	1.0
Catholic	930	465	460	13.5	13.7	13.3
Christian Orthodox	30	15	10	0.4	0.4	0.3
Jehovah's Witness	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Latter Day Saints	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lutheran	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	160	80	80	2.3	2.3	2.3
Presbyterian	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	95	35	60	1.4	1.0	1.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	65	30	30	0.9	0.9	0.9
Hindu	25	10	15	0.4	0.3	0.4
Jewish	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Muslim	90	55	40	1.3	1.6	1.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	50	20	25	0.7	0.6	0.7
Other religions and spiritual traditions	65	35	30	0.9	1.0	0.9
No religion and secular perspectives	2,845	1,470	1,375	41.4	43.2	39.7
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	6,750	3,345	3,405	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	5,515	2,710	2,805	81.7	81.0	82.4
Movers	1,235	640	600	18.3	19.1	17.6
Non-migrants	765	405	360	11.3	12.1	10.6
Migrants	470	230	245	7.0	6.9	7.2
Internal migrants	455	225	235	6.7	6.7	6.9
Intraprovincial migrants	160	70	90	2.4	2.1	2.6
Interprovincial migrants	300	155	145	4.4	4.6	4.3
External migrants	15	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	6,290	3,095	3,200	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	3,100	1,540	1,555	49.3	49.8	48.6
Movers	3,195	1,555	1,645	50.8	50.2	51.4
Non-migrants	1,630	800	835	25.9	25.8	26.1
Migrants	1,560	755	810	24.8	24.4	25.3
Internal migrants	1,440	710	730	22.9	22.9	22.8
Intraprovincial migrants	400	180	225	6.4	5.8	7.0
Interprovincial migrants	1,035	530	505	16.5	17.1	15.8
External migrants	120	40	80	1.9	1.3	2.5
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,230	2,555	2,675	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,490	750	735	28.5	29.4	27.5
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,740	1,800	1,945	71.5	70.5	72.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,105	1,990	2,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	875	445	430	21.3	22.4	20.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	3,230	1,540	1,680	78.7	77.4	79.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,235	2,555	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,330	670	660	25.4	26.2	24.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,150	585	565	22.0	22.9	21.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,750	1,300	1,455	52.5	50.9	54.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,355	705	650	25.9	27.6	24.3
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	275	215	60	5.3	8.4	2.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	135	85	50	2.6	3.3	1.9
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	140	130	10	2.7	5.1	0.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	935	435	505	17.9	17.0	18.8
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	55	85	2.7	2.2	3.2
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,395	595	805	26.6	23.3	30.0
Bachelor's degree	835	345	490	16.0	13.5	18.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	45	50	1.8	1.8	1.9
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
Master's degree	415	175	235	7.9	6.8	8.8
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	15	0.6	0.8	0.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	4,100	1,990	2,110	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	745	375	365	18.2	18.8	17.3
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	840	430	405	20.5	21.6	19.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,520	1,180	1,340	61.5	59.3	63.5
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,195	625	565	29.1	31.4	26.8
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	245	195	55	6.0	9.8	2.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	120	75	45	2.9	3.8	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	125	120	10	3.0	6.0	0.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	825	390	440	20.1	19.6	20.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	45	75	2.9	2.3	3.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,330	555	770	32.4	27.9	36.5
Bachelor's degree	785	320	465	19.1	16.1	22.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	40	45	2.1	2.0	2.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Master's degree	400	170	230	9.8	8.5	10.9
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	15	15	0.7	0.8	0.7
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,235	2,555	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,480	1,255	1,225	47.4	49.1	45.7
Education	250	70	185	4.8	2.7	6.9
13. Education	250	70	185	4.8	2.7	6.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	40	45	1.6	1.6	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	70	30	40	1.3	1.2	1.5
Humanities	125	30	95	2.4	1.2	3.5
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	40	0	40	0.8	0.0	1.5
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	20	0.6	0.4	0.7
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	15	0.3	0.4	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	10	0.2	0.4	0.4
54. History	20	10	10	0.4	0.4	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	480	175	310	9.2	6.8	11.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	80	20	60	1.5	0.8	2.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	20	25	0.8	0.8	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	10	45	0.9	0.4	1.7
22. Legal professions and studies	100	45	55	1.9	1.8	2.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	40	0	35	0.8	0.0	1.3
45. Social sciences	155	70	85	3.0	2.7	3.2
Business, management and public administration	605	235	370	11.6	9.2	13.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	20	75	1.8	0.8	2.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	505	215	295	9.6	8.4	11.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	60	65	2.4	2.3	2.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	40	1.2	1.0	1.5
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	15	0.5	0.4	0.6
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.4
40. Physical sciences	35	20	10	0.7	0.8	0.4
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	75	60	20	1.4	2.3	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	55	10	1.1	2.2	0.4
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	0.0	0.4	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	10	0	0.0	0.4	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	410	360	50	7.8	14.1	1.9
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	0	0.4	0.4	0.0
14. Engineering	65	55	10	1.2	2.2	0.4
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	100	85	20	1.9	3.3	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	140	135	0	2.7	5.3	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	75	70	0	1.4	2.7	0.0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	50	35	1.5	2.0	1.3
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	45	30	1.4	1.8	1.1
Health and related fields	335	95	240	6.4	3.7	9.0
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	25	10	0.6	1.0	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	300	75	225	5.7	2.9	8.4
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	170	115	60	3.2	4.5	2.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	65	25	40	1.2	1.0	1.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	10	0.9	1.4	0.4
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	55	0	1.1	2.2	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	4,105	1,990	2,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,580	810	780	38.5	40.7	36.9
Education	230	60	165	5.6	3.0	7.8
13. Education	230	60	165	5.6	3.0	7.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	40	35	1.8	2.0	1.7
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	25	30	1.3	1.3	1.4
Humanities	110	25	85	2.7	1.3	4.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	35	0	35	0.9	0.0	1.7
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	20	0.7	0.5	0.9
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	0.4	0.0	0.5
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.5
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
54. History	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	440	160	285	10.7	8.0	13.5
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	20	40	1.3	1.0	1.9
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	20	1.0	0.8	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	40	1.1	0.0	1.9
22. Legal professions and studies	95	35	55	2.3	1.8	2.6
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
42. Psychology	40	0	30	1.0	0.0	1.4
45. Social sciences	145	65	80	3.5	3.3	3.8
Business, management and public administration	560	220	340	13.6	11.1	16.1
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	20	70	2.2	1.0	3.3
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	470	200	275	11.4	10.1	13.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	55	60	2.8	2.8	2.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	25	35	1.5	1.3	1.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.7
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
40. Physical sciences	30	20	10	0.7	1.0	0.5
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	50	15	1.7	2.5	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55	45	10	1.3	2.3	0.5
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	10	0.0	0.5	0.5
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	370	330	45	9.0	16.6	2.1
04. Architecture and related services	20	15	10	0.5	0.8	0.5
14. Engineering	60	50	15	1.5	2.5	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95	80	20	2.3	4.0	0.9
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	120	120	0	2.9	6.0	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	65	0	1.6	3.3	0.0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	45	35	1.9	2.3	1.7
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	0	10	10	0.0	0.5	0.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	40	30	1.7	2.0	1.4
Health and related fields	325	95	230	7.9	4.8	10.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	25	10	0.7	1.3	0.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	280	65	215	6.8	3.3	10.2
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	150	105	50	3.7	5.3	2.4
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	60	30	30	1.5	1.5	1.4
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	40	30	10	1.0	1.5	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	45	0	1.2	2.3	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	4,105	1,990	2,115	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,580	810	780	38.5	40.7	36.9
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,520	1,185	1,335	61.4	59.5	63.1
Location of study inside Canada	2,155	1,015	1,140	52.5	51.0	53.9
Same as province or territory of residence	475	170	300	11.6	8.5	14.2
Different than province or territory of residence	1,685	840	840	41.0	42.2	39.7
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	360	170	195	8.8	8.5	9.2
Americas	65	35	30	1.6	1.8	1.4
United States of America	50	20	25	1.2	1.0	1.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Europe	70	40	30	1.7	2.0	1.4
Belgium	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.5
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30	15	10	0.7	0.8	0.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.5
Africa	75	35	35	1.8	1.8	1.7
Nigeria	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	40	20	20	1.0	1.0	0.9
Asia	145	55	90	3.5	2.8	4.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	105	35	70	2.6	1.8	3.3
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	0	0.4	0.5	0.0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Oceania	10	10	10	0.2	0.5	0.5
Australia	10	10	10	0.2	0.5	0.5
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	5,235	2,555	2,680	...	...	...
In the labour force	3,940	1,965	1,975	...	...	...
Employed	3,635	1,800	1,835	...	...	...
Unemployed	305	160	140	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	1,295	590	705	...	...	...
Participation rate	75.3	76.9	73.7	75.3	76.9	73.7
Employment rate	69.4	70.5	68.5	69.4	70.5	68.5
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.1	7.1	7.7	8.1	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	5,235	2,555	2,680	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,195	605	595	22.8	23.7	22.2
Worked	4,040	1,950	2,090	77.2	76.3	78.0
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	2,825	1,385	1,435	54.0	54.2	53.5
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	1,215	565	650	23.2	22.1	24.3
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.2	44.5	43.9	44.2	44.5	43.9
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	3,940	1,960	1,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	50	20	1.8	2.6	1.0
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	3,865	1,910	1,955	98.1	97.4	99.0
Employee	3,675	1,805	1,875	93.3	92.1	94.9
Permanent position	2,830	1,400	1,430	71.8	71.4	72.4
Temporary position	850	400	445	21.6	20.4	22.5
Fixed term (1 year or more)	315	150	165	8.0	7.7	8.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	530	250	280	13.5	12.8	14.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	190	110	85	4.8	5.6	4.3
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	3,940	1,960	1,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	50	20	1.8	2.6	1.0
All occupations¹⁹¹	3,865	1,910	1,955	98.1	97.4	99.0
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	125	65	60	3.2	3.3	3.0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	900	280	620	22.8	14.3	31.4
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	240	180	65	6.1	9.2	3.3
3 Health occupations	210	50	160	5.3	2.6	8.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,065	445	625	27.0	22.7	31.6
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	170	65	100	4.3	3.3	5.1
6 Sales and service occupations	630	345	285	16.0	17.6	14.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	465	435	25	11.8	22.2	1.3
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	20	10	0.5	1.0	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	45	35	10	1.1	1.8	0.5
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	3,940	1,960	1,975	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	70	50	20	1.8	2.6	1.0
All industries¹⁹¹	3,865	1,910	1,955	98.1	97.4	99.0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	15	10	0.4	0.8	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	20	0	0.6	1.0	0.0
22 Utilities	65	55	10	1.6	2.8	0.5
23 Construction	150	135	20	3.8	6.9	1.0
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	0.3	0.5	0.0
41 Wholesale trade	35	25	10	0.9	1.3	0.5
44-45 Retail trade	240	135	105	6.1	6.9	5.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	165	130	35	4.2	6.6	1.8
51 Information and cultural industries	75	40	35	1.9	2.0	1.8
52 Finance and insurance	40	10	25	1.0	0.5	1.3
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	60	40	20	1.5	2.0	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	155	65	90	3.9	3.3	4.6
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.5
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	125	75	50	3.2	3.8	2.5
61 Educational services	305	110	200	7.7	5.6	10.1
62 Health care and social assistance	385	110	270	9.8	5.6	13.7
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95	45	55	2.4	2.3	2.8
72 Accommodation and food services	130	70	60	3.3	3.6	3.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	120	55	70	3.0	2.8	3.5
91 Public administration	1,660	755	905	42.1	38.5	45.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	4,320	2,105	2,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,175	1,640	1,535	73.5	77.9	69.3
French	30	10	15	0.7	0.5	0.7
Non-official language	65	10	55	1.5	0.5	2.5
Indigenous³⁹	65	10	55	1.5	0.5	2.5
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	190	110	80	4.4	5.2	3.6
English and non-official language(s)	830	315	515	19.2	15.0	23.3
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.7
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	4,320	2,105	2,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	4,075	2,020	2,055	94.3	96.0	92.8
Official languages	3,840	1,945	1,900	88.9	92.4	85.8
English	3,790	1,920	1,875	87.7	91.2	84.7
French	55	25	25	1.3	1.2	1.1
Non-official languages	230	75	155	5.3	3.6	7.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	230	75	150	5.3	3.6	6.8
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	225	75	155	5.2	3.6	7.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	225	75	155	5.2	3.6	7.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	245	85	165	5.7	4.0	7.4
English and French	20	0	10	0.5	0.0	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	220	65	155	5.1	3.1	7.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	4,320	2,105	2,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	3,510	1,740	1,770	81.3	82.7	79.9
English	180	80	100	4.2	3.8	4.5
French	155	90	60	3.6	4.3	2.7
Non-official language	445	180	265	10.3	8.6	12.0
Indigenous³⁹	445	185	265	10.3	8.8	12.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.7
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	3,635	1,800	1,840	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	500	215	285	13.8	11.9	15.5
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	245	185	60	6.7	10.3	3.3
Usual place of work	2,895	1,400	1,495	79.6	77.8	81.3
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	2,895	1,400	1,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,855	1,380	1,470	98.6	98.6	98.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	35	15	10	1.2	1.1	0.7
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	10	0.3	0.7	0.7
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	3,140	1,590	1,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	2,305	1,195	1,110	73.4	75.2	71.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,680	945	735	53.5	59.4	47.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	625	250	370	19.9	15.7	23.8
Public transit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Walked	675	320	360	21.5	20.1	23.2
Bicycle	10	10	0	0.3	0.6	0.0
Other method	150	65	80	4.8	4.1	5.1
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	3,140	1,590	1,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	2,665	1,360	1,300	84.9	85.5	83.6
15 to 29 minutes	405	190	220	12.9	11.9	14.1
30 to 44 minutes	35	10	20	1.1	0.6	1.3
45 to 59 minutes	10	10	10	0.3	0.6	0.6
60 minutes and over	25	20	10	0.8	1.3	0.6
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	3,140	1,590	1,555	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	65	50	15	2.1	3.1	1.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	205	160	50	6.5	10.1	3.2
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	615	345	265	19.6	21.7	17.0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,790	780	1,010	57.0	49.1	65.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	240	125	115	7.6	7.9	7.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	225	125	100	7.2	7.9	6.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	1,935	995	940	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	300	140	160	15.5	14.1	17.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,635	845	785	84.5	84.9	83.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,320	655	665	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	195	90	105	14.8	13.7	15.8
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	135	65	70	10.2	9.9	10.5
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	65	30	30	4.9	4.6	4.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,125	565	560	85.2	86.3	84.2

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 13, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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