Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Qikiqtaaluk, Region (REG)More information: Nunavut [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	19,355	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	18,988	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.9	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings²	6,573	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,530	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	970,554.61	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	19,355	9,860	9,495	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	6,155	3,115	3,040	31.8	31.6	32.0
0 to 4 years	2,230	1,195	1,040	11.5	12.1	11.0
5 to 9 years	1,975	980	995	10.2	9.9	10.5
10 to 14 years	1,945	940	1,005	10.0	9.5	10.6
15 to 64 years	12,420	6,315	6,100	64.2	64.0	64.2
15 to 19 years	1,535	760	775	7.9	7.7	8.2
20 to 24 years	1,410	765	645	7.3	7.8	6.8
25 to 29 years	1,610	790	815	8.3	8.0	8.6
30 to 34 years	1,605	825	780	8.3	8.4	8.2
35 to 39 years	1,380	690	690	7.1	7.0	7.3
40 to 44 years	1,205	625	575	6.2	6.3	6.1
45 to 49 years	1,060	505	555	5.5	5.1	5.8
50 to 54 years	1,090	565	525	5.6	5.7	5.5
55 to 59 years	870	445	420	4.5	4.5	4.4
60 to 64 years	655	345	315	3.4	3.5	3.3
65 years and over	780	425	360	4.0	4.3	3.8
65 to 69 years	390	220	175	2.0	2.2	1.8
70 to 74 years	235	135	105	1.2	1.4	1.1
75 to 79 years	85	45	45	0.4	0.5	0.5
80 to 84 years	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
85 years and over	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
85 to 89 years	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
90 to 94 years	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	31.8	31.6	32.0	31.8	31.6	32.0
15 to 64 years	64.2	64.0	64.2	64.2	64.0	64.2
65 years and over	4.0	4.3	3.8	4.0	4.3	3.8
85 years and over	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3
Average age of the population	28.7	28.8	28.6	28.7	28.8	28.6
Median age of the population	26.8	26.8	26.8	26.8	26.8	26.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,140	...	...	38.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	590	...	...	10.7	...	...
Row house	1,600	...	...	28.9	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	0.4	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,070	...	...	19.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	100	...	...	1.8	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,190	...	...	21.5	...	...
2 persons	1,195	...	...	21.6	...	...
3 persons	770	...	...	13.9	...	...
4 persons	765	...	...	13.8	...	...
5 or more persons	1,605	...	...	29.0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,220	9,740	9,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	13,200	6,745	6,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	6,545	3,285	3,260	49.6	48.7	50.5
Married	3,050	1,540	1,505	23.1	22.8	23.3
Living common-law	3,490	1,745	1,750	26.4	25.9	27.1
Living common law - Never married	3,280	1,625	1,660	24.8	24.1	25.7
Living common law - Separated	50	35	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Living common law - Divorced	130	75	55	1.0	1.1	0.9
Living common law - Widowed	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	6,655	3,460	3,200	50.4	51.3	49.6
Not married and not living common law - Never married	5,735	3,105	2,635	43.4	46.0	40.8
Not married and not living common law - Separated	250	125	120	1.9	1.9	1.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	315	125	190	2.4	1.9	2.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	365	105	255	2.8	1.6	4.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	1,700	...	...	35.8	...	...
3 persons	1,050	...	...	22.1	...	...
4 persons	895	...	...	18.9	...	...
5 or more persons	1,095	...	...	23.1	...	...
Average size of census families	3.5	...	...	3.5	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,745	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,175	...	...	66.9	...	...
Married couples	1,430	...	...	30.1	...	...
With children⁶	1,050	...	...	22.1	...	...
Without children	375	...	...	7.9	...	...
Common-law couples	1,750	...	...	36.9	...	...
With children⁶	1,305	...	...	27.5	...	...
Without children	445	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,575	...	...	33.2	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,105	...	...	23.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	465	...	...	9.8	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	19,220	9,740	9,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	16,530	8,255	8,275	86.0	84.8	87.3
Married spouses or common-law partners	6,350	3,170	3,180	33.0	32.5	33.5
Parents in one-parent families	1,570	465	1,110	8.2	4.8	11.7
Children⁶	8,610	4,625	3,990	44.8	47.5	42.1
In a two-parent family	5,845	3,125	2,720	30.4	32.1	28.7
In a one-parent family	2,760	1,500	1,265	14.4	15.4	13.3
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,690	1,485	1,210	14.0	15.2	12.8
Living alone	1,195	650	540	6.2	6.7	5.7
Living with other relatives⁷	1,005	535	465	5.2	5.5	4.9
Living with non-relatives only	495	295	200	2.6	3.0	2.1
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,005	...	...	54.3	...	...
Couple-family households	2,245	...	...	40.6	...	...
With children⁶	1,660	...	...	30.0	...	...
Without children	585	...	...	10.6	...	...
One-parent-family households	760	...	...	13.7	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	655	...	...	11.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	90	...	...	1.6	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	305	...	...	5.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	280	...	...	5.1	...	...
One-person households	1,190	...	...	21.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	13,065	6,630	6,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,645	6,355	6,295	96.8	95.9	97.7
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	42,000	37,600	45,600	42,000	37,600	45,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,645	6,355	6,295	96.8	95.9	97.7
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,600	34,800	43,600	39,600	34,800	43,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,580	5,210	5,375	81.0	78.6	83.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,400	44,800	43,600	44,400	44,800	43,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,660	4,825	4,835	73.9	72.8	75.1
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	51,600	50,000	53,600	51,600	50,000	53,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,580	6,310	6,270	96.3	95.2	97.4
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	4,960	3,160	6,650	4,960	3,160	6,650
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	955	525	425	7.3	7.9	6.6
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,750	6,750	6,650	6,750	6,750	6,650
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,965	2,045	1,930	30.3	30.8	30.0
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,065	6,625	6,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,645	6,355	6,290	96.8	95.9	97.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,200	60,300	64,200	62,200	60,300	64,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,645	6,355	6,290	96.8	95.9	97.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	53,150	51,000	55,300	53,150	51,000	55,300
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,580	5,210	5,375	81.0	78.6	83.5
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	62,650	63,800	61,600	62,650	63,800	61,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,665	4,825	4,835	74.0	72.8	75.1
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	64,800	64,800	64,800	64,800	64,800	64,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,580	6,315	6,265	96.3	95.3	97.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,860	8,080	11,650	9,860	8,080	11,650
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	955	525	430	7.3	7.9	6.7
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,480	8,280	8,680	8,480	8,280	8,680
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,970	2,040	1,925	30.4	30.8	29.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,140	10,240	10,040	10,140	10,240	10,040
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,065	6,625	6,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,785	2,360	2,430	36.6	35.6	37.7
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	102,000	101,000	103,000	102,000	101,000	103,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	100,000	100,700	99,200	100,000	100,700	99,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,595	1,310	1,285	19.9	19.8	19.9
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,000	21,600	17,800	20,000	21,600	17,800
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,520	37,000	36,160	36,520	37,000	36,160
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	84.2	86.6	82.0	84.2	86.6	82.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	79.6	81.6	77.6	79.6	81.6	77.6
Government transfers (%)²⁰	15.8	13.3	18.1	15.8	13.3	18.1
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.0	1.1	0.9	1.0	1.1	0.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.7	5.8	5.6	5.7	5.8	5.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	5.1	5.5	4.8	5.1	5.5	4.8
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	13,070	6,625	6,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	420	270	150	3.2	4.1	2.3
With total income	12,650	6,355	6,290	96.8	95.9	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,990	1,190	800	15.7	18.7	12.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,555	830	725	12.3	13.1	11.5
$20,000 to $29,999	1,540	795	745	12.2	12.5	11.8
$30,000 to $39,999	1,060	475	585	8.4	7.5	9.3
$40,000 to $49,999	825	340	480	6.5	5.4	7.6
$50,000 to $59,999	625	300	325	4.9	4.7	5.2
$60,000 to $69,999	455	210	240	3.6	3.3	3.8
$70,000 to $79,999	445	225	220	3.5	3.5	3.5
$80,000 to $89,999	530	270	260	4.2	4.2	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	460	190	270	3.6	3.0	4.3
$100,000 and over	3,165	1,525	1,640	25.0	24.0	26.1
$100,000 to $149,999	2,285	1,035	1,245	18.1	16.3	19.8
$150,000 and over	880	485	390	7.0	7.6	6.2
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	13,070	6,625	6,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	420	270	150	3.2	4.1	2.3
With after-tax income	12,650	6,355	6,290	96.8	95.9	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,990	1,195	800	15.7	18.8	12.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,585	845	735	12.5	13.3	11.7
$20,000 to $29,999	1,645	850	800	13.0	13.4	12.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,150	535	615	9.1	8.4	9.8
$40,000 to $49,999	885	375	505	7.0	5.9	8.0
$50,000 to $59,999	670	310	360	5.3	4.9	5.7
$60,000 to $69,999	645	325	320	5.1	5.1	5.1
$70,000 to $79,999	620	300	325	4.9	4.7	5.2
$80,000 to $89,999	650	285	360	5.1	4.5	5.7
$90,000 to $99,999	700	300	400	5.5	4.7	6.4
$100,000 and over	2,105	1,035	1,070	16.6	16.3	17.0
$100,000 to $124,999	1,330	605	730	10.5	9.5	11.6
$125,000 and over	775	435	340	6.1	6.8	5.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	13,070	6,625	6,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	3,405	1,800	1,610	26.1	27.2	25.0
With employment income	9,660	4,830	4,835	73.9	72.9	75.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,565	790	775	16.2	16.4	16.0
$5,000 to $9,999	765	360	400	7.9	7.5	8.3
$10,000 to $19,999	935	475	465	9.7	9.8	9.6
$20,000 to $29,999	640	325	320	6.6	6.7	6.6
$30,000 to $39,999	455	245	210	4.7	5.1	4.3
$40,000 to $49,999	405	225	185	4.2	4.7	3.8
$50,000 to $59,999	395	210	190	4.1	4.3	3.9
$60,000 to $69,999	370	200	170	3.8	4.1	3.5
$70,000 to $79,999	415	215	195	4.3	4.5	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	480	230	255	5.0	4.8	5.3
$90,000 to $99,999	410	180	230	4.2	3.7	4.8
$100,000 and over	2,830	1,385	1,445	29.3	28.7	29.9
$100,000 to $124,999	1,245	555	685	12.9	11.5	14.2
$125,000 and over	1,585	825	755	16.4	17.1	15.6
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	13,065	6,630	6,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,900	5,970	5,930	91.1	90.0	92.1
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,000	36,800	43,200	40,000	36,800	43,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,900	5,970	5,930	91.1	90.0	92.1
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,400	34,800	41,600	38,400	34,800	41,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,330	5,215	5,115	79.1	78.7	79.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,400	42,000	42,800	42,400	42,000	42,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,925	5,025	4,905	76.0	75.8	76.2
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,200	43,200	43,600	43,200	43,200	43,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,715	5,315	5,395	82.0	80.2	83.8
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,900	1,620	5,680	2,900	1,620	5,680
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	985	505	475	7.5	7.6	7.4
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,500	7,950	8,500	8,500	7,950	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,065	6,625	6,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,905	5,975	5,930	91.1	90.2	92.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	59,700	58,450	60,950	59,700	58,450	60,950
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,905	5,975	5,930	91.1	90.2	92.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,080	49,400	52,800	51,080	49,400	52,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,325	5,215	5,115	79.0	78.7	79.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,750	61,200	60,300	60,750	61,200	60,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,930	5,025	4,905	76.0	75.8	76.2
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	60,350	60,650	60,100	60,350	60,650	60,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,715	5,315	5,395	82.0	80.2	83.8
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,740	5,640	9,800	7,740	5,640	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	980	505	475	7.5	7.6	7.4
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,900	9,360	10,440	9,900	9,360	10,440
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,065	6,625	6,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,755	2,350	2,405	36.4	35.5	37.3
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	95,000	93,000	96,000	95,000	93,000	96,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	92,500	93,800	91,200	92,500	93,800	91,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,440	1,245	1,195	18.7	18.8	18.5
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	23,600	21,400	22,600	23,600	21,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	39,000	39,000	39,100	39,000	39,000	39,100
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	88.4	91.4	85.4	88.4	91.4	85.4
Employment income (%)	84.4	87.2	81.6	84.4	87.2	81.6
Government transfers (%)	11.7	8.6	14.6	11.7	8.6	14.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,530	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	123,000	...	...	123,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,190	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,335	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...	137,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,530	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	142,400	...	...	142,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	121,500	...	...	121,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,190	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	89,600	...	...	89,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	74,800	...	...	74,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,340	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	156,800	...	...	156,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	134,400	...	...	134,400	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	1.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	1.2	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...	1.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	120	...	...	2.2	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	135	...	...	2.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	80	...	...	1.4	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	140	...	...	2.5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...	1.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	240	...	...	4.3	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	270	...	...	4.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	225	...	...	4.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	265	...	...	4.8	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	230	...	...	4.2	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,375	...	...	61.0	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	675	...	...	12.2	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	610	...	...	11.0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	795	...	...	14.4	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,295	...	...	23.4	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	1.1	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	1.5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	70	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	1.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	130	...	...	2.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	2.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	100	...	...	1.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	120	...	...	2.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	125	...	...	2.3	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	265	...	...	4.8	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	325	...	...	5.9	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	270	...	...	4.9	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	300	...	...	5.4	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	365	...	...	6.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,030	...	...	54.8	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	810	...	...	14.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	560	...	...	10.1	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,660	...	...	30.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,180	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	135,000	...	...	135,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	119,000	...	...	119,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	610	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	198,000	...	...	198,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	166,000	...	...	166,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	2,295	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	151,000	...	...	151,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	134,000	...	...	134,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	5.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,065	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,500	...	...	78,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,500	...	...	73,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.3	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	1,690	945	745	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	79,500	66,500	93,000	79,500	66,500	93,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	67,500	60,000	79,000	67,500	60,000	79,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,180	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	154,800	...	...	154,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	132,800	...	...	132,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	610	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	199,000	...	...	199,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	164,000	...	...	164,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,295	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	173,200	...	...	173,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	148,800	...	...	148,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,060	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	92,200	...	...	92,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	82,400	...	...	82,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	1,690	945	745	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	82,900	77,200	90,000	82,900	77,200	90,000
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	69,400	64,600	75,400	69,400	64,600	75,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	19,225	9,740	9,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	7,090	3,570	3,520	36.9	36.7	37.1
0 to 5 years	2,620	1,405	1,215	13.6	14.4	12.8
18 to 64 years	11,365	5,760	5,605	59.1	59.1	59.1
65 years and over	765	410	355	4.0	4.2	3.7
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,740	1,405	1,330	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	1,310	655	650	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	500	265	235	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,350	710	640	...	...	...
65 years and over	80	45	40	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.3	14.5	14.0	14.3	14.5	14.0
0 to 17 years (%)	18.5	18.4	18.6	18.5	18.4	18.6
0 to 5 years (%)	19.0	18.8	19.2	19.0	18.8	19.2
18 to 64 years (%)	11.9	12.3	11.4	11.9	12.3	11.4
65 years and over (%)	10.6	10.0	11.6	10.6	10.0	11.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
65 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	...	...	...
65 years and over	0	0	0	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	19,225	9,740	9,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,145	4,690	4,455	47.6	48.2	47.0
In bottom decile	2,300	1,195	1,105	12.0	12.3	11.7
In second decile	2,255	1,145	1,110	11.7	11.8	11.7
In third decile	1,645	865	785	8.6	8.9	8.3
In fourth decile	1,410	720	690	7.3	7.4	7.3
In fifth decile	1,535	765	770	8.0	7.9	8.1
In top half of the distribution	10,080	5,045	5,025	52.4	51.8	53.0
In sixth decile	1,395	705	685	7.3	7.2	7.2
In seventh decile	1,470	760	710	7.6	7.8	7.5
In eighth decile	1,605	790	810	8.3	8.1	8.5
In ninth decile	1,840	920	920	9.6	9.4	9.7
In top decile	3,770	1,875	1,895	19.6	19.3	20.0
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	19,220	...	...	19,220	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.376	...	...	0.376	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.510	...	...	0.510	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.342	...	...	0.342	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.4	...	...	5.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	19,230	9,750	9,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	16,530	8,340	8,190	86.0	85.5	86.3
French only	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and French	1,180	605	580	6.1	6.2	6.1
Neither English nor French	1,465	785	680	7.6	8.1	7.2
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	19,230	9,750	9,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	17,195	8,650	8,540	89.4	88.7	90.0
French	520	285	235	2.7	2.9	2.5
English and French	85	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Neither English nor French	1,440	770	670	7.5	7.9	7.1
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	19,230	9,750	9,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	18,020	9,140	8,875	93.7	93.7	93.6
Official languages	4,915	2,595	2,325	25.6	26.6	24.5
English	4,455	2,335	2,115	23.2	23.9	22.3
French	465	255	205	2.4	2.6	2.2
Non-official languages	13,100	6,550	6,550	68.1	67.2	69.1
Indigenous languages³⁹	12,540	6,265	6,275	65.2	64.3	66.2
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	12,530	6,260	6,265	65.2	64.2	66.1
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuinnaqtun	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	12,520	6,255	6,265	65.1	64.2	66.1
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	560	285	280	2.9	2.9	3.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	50	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	60	45	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
Amharic	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Arabic	30	30	5	0.2	0.3	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	165	65	100	0.9	0.7	1.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145	60	85	0.8	0.6	0.9
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian Creole	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	180	105	75	0.9	1.1	0.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Balto-Slavic languages	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	30	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	25	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
German	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	40	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	50	30	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,215	610	605	6.3	6.3	6.4
English and French	85	45	40	0.4	0.5	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	1,085	545	540	5.6	5.6	5.7
French and non-official language(s)	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	19,230	9,750	9,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,445	2,325	2,125	23.1	23.8	22.4
French	225	125	95	1.2	1.3	1.0
Non-official language	7,135	3,660	3,470	37.1	37.5	36.6
Indigenous³⁹	7,070	3,630	3,435	36.8	37.2	36.2
Non-Indigenous	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
English and French	295	140	160	1.5	1.4	1.7
English and non-official language(s)	7,000	3,435	3,560	36.4	35.2	37.5
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	90	40	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	19,230	9,750	9,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,580	8,940	8,645	91.4	91.7	91.1
Official languages	6,775	3,435	3,340	35.2	35.2	35.2
English	6,455	3,265	3,195	33.6	33.5	33.7
French	320	175	150	1.7	1.8	1.6
Non-official languages	10,800	5,505	5,300	56.2	56.5	55.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	10,600	5,400	5,200	55.1	55.4	54.8
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	10,595	5,395	5,200	55.1	55.3	54.8
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	10,585	5,390	5,195	55.0	55.3	54.8
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	200	100	100	1.0	1.0	1.1
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Arabic	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	80	35	45	0.4	0.4	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	30	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	55	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Spanish	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,655	810	845	8.6	8.3	8.9
English and French	90	45	40	0.5	0.5	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	1,555	765	785	8.1	7.8	8.3
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	19,230	9,750	9,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	13,415	6,905	6,510	69.8	70.8	68.7
English	3,700	1,850	1,850	19.2	19.0	19.5
French	165	75	85	0.9	0.8	0.9
Non-official language	1,840	870	975	9.6	8.9	10.3
Indigenous³⁹	1,615	760	850	8.4	7.8	9.0
Non-Indigenous	225	105	120	1.2	1.1	1.3
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	35	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	19,225	9,740	9,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	17,755	8,955	8,805	92.4	91.9	92.9
English	17,700	8,930	8,770	92.1	91.7	92.5
French	1,240	625	615	6.4	6.4	6.5
Non-official languages	15,175	7,605	7,570	78.9	78.1	79.9
Indigenous languages³⁹	14,280	7,180	7,105	74.3	73.7	74.9
Algonquian languages	25	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	14,270	7,175	7,100	74.2	73.7	74.9
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	14,270	7,175	7,095	74.2	73.7	74.8
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	965	450	515	5.0	4.6	5.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	60	30	0.5	0.6	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hausa	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	80	55	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
Amharic	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Arabic	55	40	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	220	85	140	1.1	0.9	1.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Fijian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	80	135	1.1	0.8	1.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	30	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.2
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Dravidian languages	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	405	200	205	2.1	2.1	2.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	40	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	30	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
German	55	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Indo-Aryan languages	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hindi	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	35	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	240	110	130	1.2	1.1	1.4
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	210	90	120	1.1	0.9	1.3
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	135	75	60	0.7	0.8	0.6
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	40	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	20	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sign languages	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
American Sign Language	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Chinese languages	50	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Hakka	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,225	9,740	9,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	15,415	7,735	7,675	80.2	79.4	80.9
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	15,275	7,655	7,620	79.5	78.6	80.3
First Nations (North American Indian)	120	60	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
Métis	80	45	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Inuk (Inuit)	15,075	7,550	7,525	78.4	77.5	79.3
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	105	65	40	0.5	0.7	0.4
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-Indigenous identity	3,810	2,005	1,805	19.8	20.6	19.0
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	19,225	9,740	9,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	75	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,150	9,705	9,445	99.6	99.6	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	1,050	...	...	19.0	...	...
Renter	4,480	...	...	81.0	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	505	...	...	9.1	...	...
Not condominium	5,025	...	...	90.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	0.6	...	...
1 bedroom	855	...	...	15.5	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,065	...	...	37.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,705	...	...	30.8	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	865	...	...	15.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,855	...	...	51.6	...	...
5 rooms	1,125	...	...	20.3	...	...
6 rooms	820	...	...	14.8	...	...
7 rooms	375	...	...	6.8	...	...
8 or more rooms	350	...	...	6.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.7	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,415	...	...	79.8	...	...
More than one person per room	1,115	...	...	20.2	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	3,945	...	...	71.3	...	...
Not suitable	1,585	...	...	28.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	125	...	...	2.3	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,070	...	...	19.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	950	...	...	17.2	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,210	...	...	21.9	...	...
2001 to 2005	535	...	...	9.7	...	...
2006 to 2010	575	...	...	10.4	...	...
2011 to 2015	580	...	...	10.5	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	475	...	...	8.6	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,300	...	...	77.8	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,225	...	...	22.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,525	...	...	63.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	1,770	...	...	32.0	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	235	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	175	...	...	3.2	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,190	...	...	21.5	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,430	...	...	25.9	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,290	...	...	23.3	...	...
55 to 64 years	980	...	...	17.7	...	...
65 to 74 years	365	...	...	6.6	...	...
75 to 84 years	75	...	...	1.4	...	...
85 years and over	25	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,520	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,140	...	...	93.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	380	...	...	6.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	305	...	...	5.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,530	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,585	...	...	46.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	285	...	...	5.2	...	...
Not suitable only	1,035	...	...	18.7	...	...
Major repairs needed only	670	...	...	12.1	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	40	...	...	0.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	50	...	...	0.9	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	500	...	...	9.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	10	...	...	0.2	...	...
Acceptable housing	2,945	...	...	53.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,450	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,605	...	...	29.4	...	...
Not in core need	3,840	...	...	70.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,050	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	67.1	...	...	67.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	8.1	...	...	8.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	12.4	...	...	12.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,240	...	...	2,240	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	2,212	...	...	2,212	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	500,000	...	...	500,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	483,000	...	...	483,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,480	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	84.9	...	...	84.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	6.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	33.6	...	...	33.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	705	...	...	705	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	964	...	...	964	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	19,220	9,740	9,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	13,565	6,840	6,730	70.6	70.2	71.0
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	13,505	6,820	6,690	70.3	70.0	70.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	105	45	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Inuit single ancestry	13,385	6,760	6,625	69.6	69.4	69.9
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	55	20	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,875	920	955	9.8	9.4	10.1
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,825	895	930	9.5	9.2	9.8
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	185	100	90	1.0	1.0	0.9
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,600	775	825	8.3	8.0	8.7
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	3,780	1,985	1,800	19.7	20.4	19.0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	19,220	9,740	9,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	18,895	9,595	9,305	98.3	98.5	98.2
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,060	3,560	3,500	36.7	36.6	36.9
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,835	6,030	5,800	61.6	61.9	61.2
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	325	145	180	1.7	1.5	1.9
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	19,220	9,740	9,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	18,330	9,295	9,035	95.4	95.4	95.3
Immigrants⁸¹	825	410	415	4.3	4.2	4.4
Before 1980	80	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
1980 to 1990	45	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
1991 to 2000	85	40	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
2001 to 2010	295	165	130	1.5	1.7	1.4
2011 to 2021⁸²	325	135	185	1.7	1.4	2.0
2011 to 2015	155	75	85	0.8	0.8	0.9
2016 to 2021	165	65	100	0.9	0.7	1.1
Non-permanent residents⁸³	65	35	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	825	410	420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	75	35	40	9.1	8.5	9.5
5 to 14 years	125	60	65	15.2	14.6	15.5
15 to 24 years	120	60	65	14.5	14.6	15.5
25 to 44 years	430	215	215	52.1	52.4	51.2
45 years and over	70	40	30	8.5	9.8	7.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	825	410	420	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	130	55	70	15.8	13.4	16.7
Brazil	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	10	15	2.4	2.4	3.6
Mexico	10	10	10	1.2	2.4	2.4
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	40	15	25	4.8	3.7	6.0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	20	20	4.2	4.9	4.8
Europe	120	70	50	14.5	17.1	11.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
France	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Germany	10	10	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	10	10	10	1.2	2.4	2.4
Russian Federation	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	40	30	15	4.8	7.3	3.6
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	10	1.2	2.4	2.4
Africa	240	135	100	29.1	32.9	23.8
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	20	15	0	2.4	3.7	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Nigeria	45	20	25	5.5	4.9	6.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	1.2	0.0	2.4
Other places of birth in Africa	150	85	70	18.2	20.7	16.7
Asia	335	140	190	40.6	34.1	45.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	10	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	25	10	15	3.0	2.4	3.6
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	2.4
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	195	75	125	23.6	18.3	29.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	2.4
India	35	15	15	4.2	3.7	3.6
Pakistan	25	15	15	3.0	3.7	3.6
Sri Lanka	10	10	10	1.2	2.4	2.4
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10	1.8	2.4	2.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	0	0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	170	65	100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	20	0	15	11.8	0.0	15.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	0	5.9	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	10	0	10	5.9	0.0	10.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	5.9	0.0	0.0
Europe	10	10	0	5.9	15.4	0.0
France	0	10	0	0.0	15.4	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	55	25	30	32.4	38.5	30.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	10	10	10	5.9	15.4	10.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	15	10	0	8.8	15.4	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	10	0	10	5.9	0.0	10.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	8.8	15.4	10.0
Asia	75	25	55	44.1	38.5	55.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	15	10	10	8.8	15.4	10.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	40	15	25	23.5	23.1	25.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	5.9	0.0	10.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	10.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	10	0	0.0	15.4	0.0
Australia	0	10	0	0.0	15.4	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	19,225	9,740	9,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	935	460	465	4.9	4.7	4.9
Second generation¹⁰¹	755	390	365	3.9	4.0	3.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	17,535	8,885	8,655	91.2	91.2	91.3
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	745	365	375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	420	200	215	56.4	54.8	57.3
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	220	105	115	29.5	28.8	30.7
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	195	90	100	26.2	24.7	26.7
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	215	90	125	28.9	24.7	33.3
Refugees¹⁰⁸	105	75	35	14.1	20.5	9.3
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	10	10	10	1.3	2.7	2.7
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	745	365	375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	75	50	25	10.1	13.7	6.7
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	115	40	75	15.4	11.0	20.0
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	55	25	30	7.4	6.8	8.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	485	245	245	65.1	67.1	65.3
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	19,225	9,740	9,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	980	480	505	5.1	4.9	5.3
South Asian	105	55	50	0.5	0.6	0.5
Chinese	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Black	435	225	210	2.3	2.3	2.2
Filipino	230	95	135	1.2	1.0	1.4
Arab	35	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Latin American	50	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Southeast Asian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Japanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple visible minorities	40	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	18,245	9,260	8,980	94.9	95.1	94.7
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	19,220	9,740	9,480	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	605	320	285	3.1	3.3	3.0
English	975	525	450	5.1	5.4	4.7
Irish	1,110	565	545	5.8	5.8	5.7
Scottish	1,285	635	655	6.7	6.5	6.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	660	335	330	3.4	3.4	3.5
German	430	205	225	2.2	2.1	2.4
Chinese	55	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Italian	120	55	75	0.6	0.6	0.8
Indian (India)	50	25	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Ukrainian	95	50	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
Dutch	135	65	70	0.7	0.7	0.7
Polish	100	45	55	0.5	0.5	0.6
Québécois	55	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	190	95	95	1.0	1.0	1.0
Filipino	235	105	135	1.2	1.1	1.4
French Canadian	125	60	65	0.7	0.6	0.7
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	310	155	150	1.6	1.6	1.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	60	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Métis	80	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.4
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	240	120	120	1.2	1.2	1.3
Russian	70	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.3
Norwegian	90	35	50	0.5	0.4	0.5
Welsh	125	70	50	0.7	0.7	0.5
Portuguese	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
American	65	30	30	0.3	0.3	0.3
Spanish	45	20	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Swedish	60	35	25	0.3	0.4	0.3
Hungarian	45	25	25	0.2	0.3	0.3
Acadian	70	25	45	0.4	0.3	0.5
Pakistani	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	115	55	60	0.6	0.6	0.6
Jewish	40	20	30	0.2	0.2	0.3
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Greek	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Jamaican	50	20	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	45	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	65	30	35	0.3	0.3	0.4
Korean	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Romanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lebanese	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Iranian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Danish	35	25	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	40	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Belgian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Haitian	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mennonite	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Swiss	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
Finnish	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Croatian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Japanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	80	50	35	0.4	0.5	0.4
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Muslim	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Egyptian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Colombian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Moroccan	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Czech	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Syrian	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Guyanese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	50	15	35	0.3	0.2	0.4
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Newfoundlander	65	40	30	0.3	0.4	0.3
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	15,020	7,540	7,480	78.1	77.4	78.9
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Australian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	50	30	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Latvian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	45	25	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Malaysian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Igorot	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fulani	0	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	10	10	0.0	0.1	0.1
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	19,225	9,740	9,485	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	13,485	6,755	6,725	70.1	69.4	70.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,025	515	515	5.3	5.3	5.4
Anabaptist	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Anglican	8,945	4,470	4,475	46.5	45.9	47.2
Baptist	70	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.4
Catholic	2,615	1,355	1,270	13.6	13.9	13.4
Christian Orthodox	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Jehovah's Witness	30	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Latter Day Saints	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lutheran	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	340	165	175	1.8	1.7	1.8
Presbyterian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	125	50	75	0.7	0.5	0.8
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	200	100	95	1.0	1.0	1.0
Hindu	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Jewish	25	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Muslim	95	55	45	0.5	0.6	0.5
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	90	35	55	0.5	0.4	0.6
Other religions and spiritual traditions	110	55	55	0.6	0.6	0.6
No religion and secular perspectives	5,370	2,800	2,570	27.9	28.7	27.1
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	18,730	9,470	9,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	16,600	8,410	8,190	88.6	88.8	88.4
Movers	2,130	1,060	1,070	11.4	11.2	11.5
Non-migrants	1,380	695	685	7.4	7.3	7.4
Migrants	755	370	385	4.0	3.9	4.2
Internal migrants	740	360	375	4.0	3.8	4.0
Intraprovincial migrants	260	120	145	1.4	1.3	1.6
Interprovincial migrants	475	240	230	2.5	2.5	2.5
External migrants	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	16,990	8,550	8,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	10,835	5,525	5,310	63.8	64.6	62.9
Movers	6,155	3,025	3,130	36.2	35.4	37.1
Non-migrants	3,645	1,785	1,860	21.5	20.9	22.0
Migrants	2,510	1,235	1,270	14.8	14.4	15.0
Internal migrants	2,355	1,180	1,175	13.9	13.8	13.9
Intraprovincial migrants	840	425	420	4.9	5.0	5.0
Interprovincial migrants	1,510	755	755	8.9	8.8	8.9
External migrants	150	65	95	0.9	0.8	1.1
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,065	6,625	6,445	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	6,640	3,515	3,130	50.8	53.1	48.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	6,425	3,110	3,315	49.2	46.9	51.4
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,370	4,705	4,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	4,090	2,170	1,915	43.6	46.1	41.0
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,285	2,530	2,755	56.4	53.8	59.0
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,070	6,625	6,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,040	3,220	2,820	46.2	48.6	43.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,490	1,295	1,200	19.1	19.5	18.6
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,535	2,110	2,425	34.7	31.8	37.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,675	1,355	1,315	20.5	20.5	20.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	585	450	135	4.5	6.8	2.1
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	325	215	110	2.5	3.2	1.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	255	230	25	2.0	3.5	0.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,880	820	1,055	14.4	12.4	16.4
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	85	125	1.6	1.3	1.9
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,860	755	1,110	14.2	11.4	17.2
Bachelor's degree	1,145	445	700	8.8	6.7	10.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	50	75	1.0	0.8	1.2
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	530	230	300	4.1	3.5	4.7
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,375	4,705	4,665	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,530	1,905	1,625	37.7	40.5	34.8
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,720	900	825	18.3	19.1	17.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,115	1,900	2,220	43.9	40.4	47.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,370	1,200	1,170	25.3	25.5	25.1
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	515	400	120	5.5	8.5	2.6
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	290	190	100	3.1	4.0	2.1
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	225	210	20	2.4	4.5	0.4
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,680	735	945	17.9	15.6	20.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	170	65	105	1.8	1.4	2.3
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,750	705	1,050	18.7	15.0	22.5
Bachelor's degree	1,060	405	655	11.3	8.6	14.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	45	70	1.3	1.0	1.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
Master's degree	505	215	290	5.4	4.6	6.2
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,070	6,630	6,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	8,535	4,515	4,020	65.3	68.1	62.4
Education	505	110	400	3.9	1.7	6.2
13. Education	505	110	400	3.9	1.7	6.2
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	65	75	1.1	1.0	1.2
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	120	50	70	0.9	0.8	1.1
Humanities	205	65	145	1.6	1.0	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	75	10	60	0.6	0.2	0.9
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
54. History	35	15	15	0.3	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	710	245	465	5.4	3.7	7.2
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	155	45	105	1.2	0.7	1.6
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	20	30	0.4	0.3	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125	10	115	1.0	0.2	1.8
22. Legal professions and studies	120	50	70	0.9	0.8	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
42. Psychology	50	0	35	0.4	0.0	0.5
45. Social sciences	185	90	95	1.4	1.4	1.5
Business, management and public administration	1,025	360	665	7.8	5.4	10.3
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	35	105	1.1	0.5	1.6
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	885	325	560	6.8	4.9	8.7
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	85	90	1.3	1.3	1.4
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	30	45	0.6	0.5	0.7
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	80	20	0.8	1.2	0.3
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	65	15	0.6	1.0	0.2
25. Library science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	10	0	0.0	0.2	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	695	600	90	5.3	9.0	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
14. Engineering	80	60	20	0.6	0.9	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	180	145	35	1.4	2.2	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	250	240	10	1.9	3.6	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	125	115	10	1.0	1.7	0.2
48. Precision production	30	25	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	95	50	1.1	1.4	0.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
03. Natural resources and conservation	135	90	45	1.0	1.4	0.7
Health and related fields	445	125	310	3.4	1.9	4.8
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	30	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	390	100	295	3.0	1.5	4.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	395	285	110	3.0	4.3	1.7
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	125	50	80	1.0	0.8	1.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	75	55	15	0.6	0.8	0.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	190	180	10	1.5	2.7	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,370	4,700	4,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,250	2,805	2,450	56.0	59.7	52.5
Education	460	100	365	4.9	2.1	7.8
13. Education	460	100	365	4.9	2.1	7.8
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	55	65	1.3	1.2	1.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	105	45	60	1.1	1.0	1.3
Humanities	175	50	130	1.9	1.1	2.8
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	70	10	55	0.7	0.2	1.2
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
54. History	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	635	210	420	6.8	4.5	9.0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	115	35	75	1.2	0.7	1.6
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	25	25	0.5	0.5	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	0	115	1.3	0.0	2.5
22. Legal professions and studies	110	40	70	1.2	0.9	1.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
42. Psychology	45	10	40	0.5	0.2	0.9
45. Social sciences	170	80	90	1.8	1.7	1.9
Business, management and public administration	955	335	615	10.2	7.1	13.2
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	35	90	1.3	0.7	1.9
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	825	300	525	8.8	6.4	11.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	75	85	1.7	1.6	1.8
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	30	45	0.8	0.6	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	15	0.4	0.3	0.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90	70	20	1.0	1.5	0.4
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	55	10	0.8	1.2	0.2
25. Library science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	630	540	85	6.7	11.5	1.8
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
14. Engineering	75	60	15	0.8	1.3	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	160	130	35	1.7	2.8	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	230	220	10	2.5	4.7	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	100	0	1.2	2.1	0.0
48. Precision production	25	25	10	0.3	0.5	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	130	85	50	1.4	1.8	1.1
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	75	45	1.2	1.6	1.0
Health and related fields	405	120	285	4.3	2.6	6.1
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	45	30	10	0.5	0.6	0.2
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	355	85	270	3.8	1.8	5.8
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	355	265	90	3.8	5.6	1.9
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	115	50	70	1.2	1.1	1.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	70	50	15	0.7	1.1	0.3
49. Transportation and materials moving	170	165	10	1.8	3.5	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,370	4,700	4,670	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,250	2,805	2,450	56.0	59.7	52.5
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	4,120	1,895	2,220	44.0	40.3	47.5
Location of study inside Canada	3,660	1,700	1,965	39.1	36.2	42.1
Same as province or territory of residence	1,355	515	840	14.5	11.0	18.0
Different than province or territory of residence	2,300	1,180	1,125	24.5	25.1	24.1
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	460	205	255	4.9	4.4	5.5
Americas	90	40	45	1.0	0.9	1.0
United States of America	70	30	40	0.7	0.6	0.9
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	10	10	0.0	0.2	0.2
Europe	100	50	50	1.1	1.1	1.1
Belgium	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
France	10	10	10	0.1	0.2	0.2
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	35	20	20	0.4	0.4	0.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Africa	80	40	40	0.9	0.9	0.9
Nigeria	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	45	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
Asia	170	60	115	1.8	1.3	2.5
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	115	35	85	1.2	0.7	1.8
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	25	10	15	0.3	0.2	0.3
Pakistan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Oceania	15	10	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Australia	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealand	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,070	6,625	6,440	...	...	...
In the labour force	7,930	4,075	3,855	...	...	...
Employed	6,820	3,425	3,395	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,110	650	465	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	5,135	2,550	2,585	...	...	...
Participation rate	60.7	61.5	59.9	60.7	61.5	59.9
Employment rate	52.2	51.7	52.7	52.2	51.7	52.7
Unemployment rate	14.0	16.0	12.1	14.0	16.0	12.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,070	6,630	6,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,240	2,690	2,550	40.1	40.6	39.6
Worked	7,825	3,935	3,895	59.9	59.4	60.5
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,955	2,460	2,490	37.9	37.1	38.7
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,870	1,470	1,405	22.0	22.2	21.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	41.8	42.7	42.3	41.8	42.7
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	7,935	4,075	3,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	470	295	180	5.9	7.2	4.7
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	7,460	3,785	3,680	94.0	92.9	95.5
Employee	7,145	3,580	3,570	90.0	87.9	92.6
Permanent position	5,160	2,565	2,595	65.0	62.9	67.3
Temporary position	1,990	1,020	970	25.1	25.0	25.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	560	270	290	7.1	6.6	7.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,430	745	680	18.0	18.3	17.6
Self-employed¹⁹²	315	205	110	4.0	5.0	2.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	7,935	4,075	3,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	470	295	180	5.9	7.2	4.7
All occupations¹⁹¹	7,460	3,785	3,680	94.0	92.9	95.5
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	190	115	80	2.4	2.8	2.1
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,475	435	1,040	18.6	10.7	27.0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	320	235	90	4.0	5.8	2.3
3 Health occupations	290	60	235	3.7	1.5	6.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,750	640	1,110	22.1	15.7	28.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	310	140	170	3.9	3.4	4.4
6 Sales and service occupations	1,620	780	840	20.4	19.1	21.8
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,290	1,185	100	16.3	29.1	2.6
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	110	105	0	1.4	2.6	0.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	105	95	10	1.3	2.3	0.3
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	7,935	4,075	3,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	470	295	180	5.9	7.2	4.7
All industries¹⁹¹	7,460	3,785	3,680	94.0	92.9	95.5
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	90	85	10	1.1	2.1	0.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	130	95	30	1.6	2.3	0.8
22 Utilities	160	140	15	2.0	3.4	0.4
23 Construction	325	270	50	4.1	6.6	1.3
31-33 Manufacturing	45	30	10	0.6	0.7	0.3
41 Wholesale trade	45	35	10	0.6	0.9	0.3
44-45 Retail trade	820	405	420	10.3	9.9	10.9
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	310	250	65	3.9	6.1	1.7
51 Information and cultural industries	100	50	55	1.3	1.2	1.4
52 Finance and insurance	45	15	30	0.6	0.4	0.8
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	195	140	55	2.5	3.4	1.4
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	220	105	115	2.8	2.6	3.0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	225	150	75	2.8	3.7	1.9
61 Educational services	800	235	560	10.1	5.8	14.5
62 Health care and social assistance	655	170	485	8.3	4.2	12.6
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	165	90	70	2.1	2.2	1.8
72 Accommodation and food services	210	95	115	2.6	2.3	3.0
81 Other services (except public administration)	175	90	85	2.2	2.2	2.2
91 Public administration	2,740	1,335	1,410	34.5	32.8	36.6
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	8,620	4,355	4,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	4,260	2,230	2,030	49.4	51.2	47.6
French	30	15	20	0.3	0.3	0.5
Non-official language	645	335	310	7.5	7.7	7.3
Indigenous³⁹	645	335	310	7.5	7.7	7.3
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	245	145	100	2.8	3.3	2.3
English and non-official language(s)	3,405	1,615	1,790	39.5	37.1	42.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	0.5	0.5	0.5
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	8,620	4,355	4,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	7,530	3,860	3,675	87.4	88.6	86.2
Official languages	5,570	2,905	2,665	64.6	66.7	62.5
English	5,510	2,875	2,635	63.9	66.0	61.8
French	60	30	30	0.7	0.7	0.7
Non-official languages	1,965	950	1,010	22.8	21.8	23.7
Indigenous languages³⁹	1,965	950	1,010	22.8	21.8	23.7
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	1,955	950	1,005	22.7	21.8	23.6
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	1,955	950	1,005	22.7	21.8	23.6
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	1,085	495	595	12.6	11.4	14.0
English and French	25	10	10	0.3	0.2	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	1,060	480	580	12.3	11.0	13.6
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	8,620	4,355	4,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	6,015	3,065	2,950	69.8	70.4	69.2
English	1,335	630	705	15.5	14.5	16.5
French	200	125	75	2.3	2.9	1.8
Non-official language	1,035	520	515	12.0	11.9	12.1
Indigenous³⁹	1,030	515	515	11.9	11.8	12.1
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	6,820	3,425	3,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	710	340	370	10.4	9.9	10.9
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	585	440	145	8.6	12.8	4.3
Usual place of work	5,525	2,650	2,875	81.0	77.4	84.7
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,525	2,650	2,875	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,205	2,480	2,720	94.2	93.6	94.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	260	135	120	4.7	5.1	4.2
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	45	20	30	0.8	0.8	1.0
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,105	3,085	3,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	3,535	1,890	1,650	57.9	61.3	54.6
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,530	1,435	1,095	41.4	46.5	36.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,010	455	555	16.5	14.7	18.4
Public transit	40	25	20	0.7	0.8	0.7
Walked	2,010	930	1,075	32.9	30.1	35.6
Bicycle	10	10	10	0.2	0.3	0.3
Other method	510	240	270	8.4	7.8	8.9
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,105	3,085	3,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	5,190	2,640	2,555	85.0	85.6	84.6
15 to 29 minutes	750	345	400	12.3	11.2	13.2
30 to 44 minutes	80	40	45	1.3	1.3	1.5
45 to 59 minutes	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
60 minutes and over	65	55	10	1.1	1.8	0.3
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,105	3,085	3,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	135	110	30	2.2	3.6	1.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	345	270	75	5.7	8.8	2.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,025	620	410	16.8	20.1	13.6
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,375	1,475	1,900	55.3	47.8	62.9
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	615	305	305	10.1	9.9	10.1
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	605	305	300	9.9	9.9	9.9
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	7,200	3,625	3,575	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	400	200	200	5.6	5.5	5.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,805	3,425	3,380	94.5	94.5	94.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,820	2,350	2,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	265	135	130	5.5	5.7	5.3
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	170	80	90	3.5	3.4	3.6
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	90	50	40	1.9	2.1	1.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,555	2,215	2,340	94.5	94.3	94.7

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 14, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table