Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Westmorland
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 25.1 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	140,425	81,600	58,125	555
0 to 4 years	7,600	4,490	2,950	125
5 to 9 years	6,845	4,220	2,585	15
10 to 14 years	6,885	4,640	2,230	20
15 to 19 years	8,065	5,095	2,910	50
20 to 24 years	9,455	5,185	4,250	25
25 to 29 years	9,850	4,985	4,815	45
30 to 34 years	9,695	5,115	4,530	45
35 to 39 years	9,955	5,725	4,170	45
40 to 44 years	9,785	5,955	3,780	45
45 to 49 years	11,355	7,025	4,305	0
50 to 54 years	10,970	6,155	4,795	25
55 to 59 years	10,350	5,735	4,550	50
60 to 64 years	9,360	5,300	4,035	0
65 to 69 years	6,785	3,940	2,830	0
70 to 74 years	4,755	2,820	1,925	0
75 to 79 years	3,735	2,150	1,575	0
80 to 84 years	2,610	1,590	1,020	0
85 years and over	2,370	1,470	890	0
Median age^Footnote 3	40.9	41.1	40.8	27.9
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	119,090	68,250	50,365	395
Married or living with a common-law partner	72,475	41,040	31,165	215
Married (and not separated)	56,645	32,780	23,630	190
Living common law	15,830	8,265	7,535	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	46,615	27,205	19,200	175
Single (never legally married)	30,680	17,400	13,130	145
Separated	3,715	2,300	1,380	0
Divorced	6,415	4,080	2,325	0
Widowed	5,815	3,435	2,360	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	140,425	81,600	58,130	560
Single responses	139,095	80,890	57,770	305
English	78,130	78,110	15	0
French	57,585	270	57,315	0
Non-official languages	3,380	2,500	435	305
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	2,630	2,010	255	255
Arabic	335	95	145	85
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	50	45	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	85	70	0	0
Creoles	60	0	0	0
Dutch	115	110	0	0
German	335	315	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	30	30	0	0
Hungarian	30	20	0	0
Italian	185	160	0	15
Korean	550	500	0	20
Mandarin	90	65	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	20	20	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	55	55	0	0
Polish	35	35	0	0
Portuguese	20	0	0	0
Romanian	50	0	0	0
Russian	25	20	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	195	95	55	40
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	70	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	25	0	0
Vietnamese	235	190	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	740	480	185	45
Multiple responses	1,325	715	355	255
English and French	985	510	235	235
English and non-official language	205	205	0	0
French and non-official language	110	0	110	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	140,425	81,605	58,130	555
English only	62,265	62,270	0	0
French only	5,695	0	5,700	0
English and French	72,305	19,325	52,425	555
Neither English nor French	160	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	140,425	81,605	58,125	555
Single responses	139,085	81,080	57,575	290
English	86,145	78,385	7,765	0
French	51,015	1,445	49,570	0
Non-official languages	1,925	1,255	240	290
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	1,620	1,075	190	245
Arabic	175	50	40	80
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	70	60	0	0
Creoles	245	105	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	85	65	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	30	0	0
Korean	505	450	0	20
Mandarin	70	50	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	115	55	0	40
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	175	145	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	305	180	45	45
Multiple responses	1,340	520	555	265
English and French	845	175	450	220
English and non-official language	365	345	0	0
French and non-official language	85	0	85	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	140,425	81,605	58,130	555
None	111,555	74,350	36,700	390
English	17,755	1,465	16,240	35
French	9,685	4,780	4,845	60
Non-official language	1,275	965	285	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,260	950	280	0
English and French	60	0	0	40
English and non-official language	55	0	55	0
French and non-official language	35	35	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	6,255	3,960	1,820	340
Aboriginal languages	25	25	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	20	15	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,230	3,935	1,815	340
Italian	360	260	70	25
Portuguese	60	25	30	0
Romanian	60	0	30	0
Spanish	1,550	575	875	90
Dutch	215	180	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	740	620	90	20
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	20	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	30	35	0	0
Afrikaans	15	0	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	15	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	40	0	0
Russian	70	45	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	15	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	0	0	0
Albanian	40	40	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	20	0	0
Turkish	40	45	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	515	170	240	95
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	95	90	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	60	65	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	85	80	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	20	20	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	70	75	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	30	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	40	40	0	0
Japanese	135	135	0	0
Korean	605	520	35	20
Cantonese	40	35	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	80	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	115	95	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	300	250	0	0
Bisayan languages	20	15	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	155	160	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	50	0	35	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	90	40	50	0
Swahili	140	45	50	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	50	0	40	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	175	115	65	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	315	115	185	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	595	405	150	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	139,095	80,835	57,620	520
Non-movers	119,145	68,735	49,930	410
Movers	19,950	12,095	7,690	105
Non-migrants	12,360	7,590	4,655	85
Migrants	7,585	4,510	3,035	20
Internal migrants	7,105	4,220	2,870	0
Intraprovincial migrants	4,720	2,605	2,110	0
Interprovincial migrants	2,390	1,615	760	0
External migrants	480	290	160	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	132,825	77,115	55,180	430
Non-movers	78,110	44,990	32,955	140
Movers	54,720	32,125	22,225	290
Non-migrants	29,460	17,310	12,055	85
Migrants	25,255	14,815	10,170	205
Internal migrants	22,760	13,135	9,540	80
Intraprovincial migrants	14,640	7,355	7,250	30
Interprovincial migrants	8,120	5,785	2,285	50
External migrants	2,500	1,675	635	120
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	140,420	81,600	58,130	555
Canadian citizens	137,470	79,625	57,380	405
Canadian citizens only	136,455	79,005	57,055	335
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,010	620	325	65
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	2,960	1,975	745	155
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	140,420	81,605	58,130	555
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	133,960	76,870	56,770	285
Born in province of residence	106,490	55,590	50,615	255
Born outside province of residence	27,470	21,275	6,155	35
Immigrants^Footnote 22	5,990	4,510	1,140	255
Americas	1,720	1,165	510	40
United States	1,240	940	295	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Guyana	20	20	0	0
Haiti	175	0	160	0
Mexico	40	30	0	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
Colombia	30	25	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	145	110	30	0
Europe	1,965	1,705	190	55
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	930	925	0	0
Italy	110	85	0	15
Germany	290	265	0	0
Poland	35	40	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	145	145	0	0
France	130	0	115	0
Romania	50	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
Hungary	25	25	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	10	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	225	180	45	0
Africa	765	280	390	80
Morocco	75	0	55	0
Algeria	20	0	0	15
Egypt	70	45	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	30	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	515	180	275	40
Asia	1,510	1,340	55	75
India	115	110	0	0
China^Footnote 24	110	100	0	0
Philippines	100	90	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	30	30	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	295	250	0	0
Pakistan	55	50	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	565	510	0	20
Lebanon	45	0	0	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	120	100	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	30	25	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	30	25	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	470	225	215	15
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	2,125	1,395	545	125
Americas	365	150	185	0
United States	105	70	30	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	165	0	145	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	25	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	280	175	85	0
France	60	0	60	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	120	120	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	85	50	20	0
Africa	510	200	255	45
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	55	0	0	0
Tunisia	50	0	30	20
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	70	0	25	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	270	140	125	0
Asia	970	880	20	50
Philippines	45	45	0	0
China^Footnote 35	35	30	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	545	495	0	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	250	225	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	35	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	140,420	81,605	58,130	560
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	133,960	76,870	56,775	285
Immigrants^Footnote 43	5,990	4,510	1,140	255
Before 1971	1,225	1,110	80	25
1971 to 1980	905	650	255	0
1981 to 1990	495	420	50	20
1991 to 2000	530	415	95	15
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	2,830	1,915	665	190
2001 to 2005	705	520	120	65
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	2,125	1,395	545	125
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	465	230	215	15
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	140,420	81,600	58,125	555
First generation^Footnote 48	6,735	4,970	1,395	270
Second generation^Footnote 49	8,100	6,225	1,770	75
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	125,585	70,410	54,965	210
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	140,425	81,605	58,125	555
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	2,650	1,725	915	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	1,340	1,070	255	0
Métis single identity	860	305	560	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	205	200	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	235	145	95	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	137,775	79,870	57,215	550
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	140,425	81,600	58,130	555
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	610	435	175	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	139,815	81,170	57,955	555
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	119,090	68,255	50,365	395
In the labour force	81,060	45,385	35,335	310
Employed	74,275	41,575	32,430	250
Unemployed	6,780	3,810	2,910	60
Not in the labour force	38,035	22,865	15,030	85
Participation rate	68.1	66.5	70.2	78.5
Employment rate	62.4	60.9	64.4	63.3
Unemployment rate	8.4	8.4	8.2	19.4
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	81,055	45,385	35,335	310
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	845	530	285	30
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	80,210	44,855	35,050	280
Employee	74,170	41,405	32,500	245
Self-employed	6,040	3,450	2,550	35
Self-employed (incorporated)	1,960	1,095	850	0
Without paid help	640	320	305	0
With paid help	1,320	775	545	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	3,895	2,225	1,655	0
Without paid help	2,830	1,585	1,235	0
With paid help	1,065	645	415	0
Unpaid family worker	185	130	45	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	81,060	45,385	35,335	310
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	845	525	285	30
All occupations^Footnote 61	80,210	44,855	35,050	280
0 Management occupations	8,035	5,030	2,950	55
00 Senior management occupations	840	525	320	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	3,030	1,780	1,205	45
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,780	1,870	900	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,385	860	525	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,865	6,660	6,150	50
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,165	1,130	1,025	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	4,250	2,025	2,210	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	805	385	405	0
14 Office support occupations	3,730	1,890	1,830	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,915	1,230	685	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,835	2,515	2,295	20
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,120	1,090	1,010	20
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,715	1,425	1,290	0
3 Health occupations	6,030	2,890	3,120	20
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,900	835	1,055	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,080	515	555	0
32 Technical occupations in health	1,595	725	865	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,450	815	635	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	9,540	5,070	4,445	25
40 Professional occupations in education services	3,280	1,685	1,575	15
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,965	855	1,105	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,725	985	740	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	585	375	210	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,980	1,170	805	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,890	885	1,010	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	770	295	470	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,125	585	540	0
6 Sales and service occupations	21,605	13,310	8,190	85
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,715	1,085	625	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,805	1,840	945	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	4,160	2,560	1,575	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	5,270	3,005	2,245	20
66 Sales support occupations	3,355	2,110	1,230	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	4,300	2,705	1,580	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	11,180	6,140	5,030	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,705	1,810	1,895	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,125	1,185	935	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,325	880	440	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	3,085	1,775	1,300	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	940	480	460	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,310	825	475	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	445	290	160	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	350	205	150	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	510	335	175	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,920	1,530	1,375	20
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	320	190	130	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	930	440	485	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	635	365	270	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,035	530	490	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	81,060	45,385	35,335	315
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	850	530	285	30
All industries^Footnote 64	80,210	44,855	35,050	285
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,115	730	380	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	755	520	235	0
22 Utilities	170	75	85	0
23 Construction	5,115	2,700	2,405	0
31-33 Manufacturing	6,115	3,270	2,835	15
41 Wholesale trade	3,655	2,165	1,475	0
44-45 Retail trade	10,040	6,500	3,505	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,855	3,175	1,680	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,200	1,235	960	0
52 Finance and insurance	4,155	2,200	1,920	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	960	620	330	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,395	1,765	1,590	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	60	25	30	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,415	2,905	1,490	0
61 Educational services	5,520	2,800	2,700	20
62 Health care and social assistance	10,135	4,860	5,250	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,645	1,050	590	0
72 Accommodation and food services	5,670	3,595	2,025	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,155	1,670	1,465	0
91 Public administration	7,080	2,990	4,090	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	74,280	41,575	32,430	250
Usual place of work	62,835	35,050	27,570	200
Work in CSD of residence	32,480	19,775	12,600	95
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	25,785	12,255	13,435	95
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	3,220	2,025	1,185	0
Work in a different province	1,350	995	350	0
Worked at home	3,710	2,125	1,540	35
Worked outside Canada	135	65	65	0
No fixed workplace address	7,605	4,330	3,255	20
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	70,440	39,380	30,825	220
Car, truck or van - as a driver	55,100	29,980	24,920	185
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	6,965	4,290	2,655	0
Public transit	2,125	1,320	810	0
Walked	5,025	3,085	1,930	0
Bicycle	365	220	145	0
Other methods	860	490	370	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	87,190	48,935	37,925	305
English	62,095	46,705	15,225	145
French	19,560	1,025	18,475	50
Non-official language	55	45	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	55	50	0	0
English and French	5,340	1,035	4,215	85
English and non-official language	120	110	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	87,190	48,935	37,925	300
None	56,455	41,660	14,550	225
English	12,570	730	11,835	0
French	17,800	6,275	11,480	40
Non-official language	320	255	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	310	255	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	119,095	68,250	50,365	395
No certificate, diploma or degree	24,765	14,195	10,485	50
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	31,775	20,330	11,335	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	62,550	33,725	28,545	260
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	11,280	6,495	4,770	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	6,240	3,660	2,570	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	5,040	2,835	2,200	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25,275	14,090	11,140	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	3,770	2,130	1,605	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	22,225	11,010	11,040	170
Bachelor's degree	15,485	7,710	7,680	85
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,780	910	860	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	675	315	340	0
Master's degree	3,385	1,615	1,740	20
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	915	460	415	40
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	62,555	33,725	28,550	260
Education	5,140	2,535	2,600	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,650	920	720	0
Humanities	3,165	2,015	1,125	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,570	2,725	1,820	25
Business, management and public administration	16,800	8,595	8,130	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,560	900	655	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,010	1,780	1,200	30
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,145	6,815	5,295	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	715	480	235	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	9,095	4,450	4,575	70
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,670	2,505	2,165	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	35	0	30	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	62,550	33,725	28,550	255
Inside Canada	59,945	31,830	28,010	110
Newfoundland and Labrador	615	585	30	0
Prince Edward Island	890	740	150	0
Nova Scotia	4,870	4,195	660	0
New Brunswick	46,255	22,095	24,085	75
Quebec	2,470	590	1,860	20
Ontario	3,740	2,730	1,005	0
Manitoba	140	95	45	0
Saskatchewan	125	80	50	0
Alberta	545	490	60	0
British Columbia	280	235	50	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	2,605	1,895	545	150
Total population in private households by visible minority	140,425	81,605	58,130	555
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	4,535	3,005	1,195	230
South Asian^Footnote 82	555	525	25	0
Chinese	340	255	45	0
Black	1,580	755	755	45
Filipino	205	200	0	0
Latin American	235	125	65	40
Arab	395	100	215	80
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	415	315	45	40
West Asian^Footnote 84	85	75	0	0
Korean	590	520	20	20
Japanese	25	30	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	90	85	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	135,885	78,595	56,935	330
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	140,425	81,600	58,130	555
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	72,375	37,935	34,040	290
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	68,050	43,670	24,085	270
Canadian - Total responses	72,315	35,415	36,795	105
Canadian - Single responses	36,680	17,335	19,285	60
Canadian - Multiple responses	35,640	18,075	17,510	45
English- Total responses	34,005	31,000	2,950	55
English - Single responses	7,215	7,025	185	0
English - Multiple responses	26,795	23,975	2,760	55
French - Total responses	46,800	16,990	29,665	140
French - Single responses	11,450	1,675	9,750	30
French - Multiple responses	35,345	15,315	19,920	110
Scottish - Total responses	23,275	21,305	1,895	65
Scottish - Single responses	3,330	3,240	85	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	19,945	18,065	1,810	70
Irish - Total responses	24,340	20,485	3,805	55
Irish - Single responses	3,365	2,835	535	0
Irish - Multiple responses	20,975	17,645	3,275	50
German - Total responses	7,605	7,135	410	50
German - Single responses	855	840	0	0
German - Multiple responses	6,745	6,290	405	45
Italian - Total responses	1,465	1,090	335	30
Italian - Single responses	270	220	25	15
Italian - Multiple responses	1,195	870	310	15
Chinese - Total responses	415	305	45	0
Chinese - Single responses	280	230	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	135	75	40	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	4,400	2,445	1,930	20
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	280	180	105	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	4,120	2,275	1,830	20
Ukrainian - Total responses	700	695	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	95	90	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	605	600	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	600	545	50	0
East Indian - Single responses	245	225	15	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	355	320	35	0
Dutch - Total responses	2,110	1,955	135	0
Dutch - Single responses	275	265	10	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	1,830	1,695	125	0
Polish- Total responses	770	695	75	0
Polish - Single responses	125	125	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	645	570	75	0
Filipino - Total responses	220	215	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	155	155	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	60	60	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	2,155	2,025	125	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	550	550	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	1,605	1,475	125	0
Russian- Total responses	255	230	20	0
Russian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	220	200	20	0
Welsh - Total responses	1,400	1,370	20	0
Welsh - Single responses	95	100	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,305	1,275	25	0
Norwegian - Total responses	565	535	30	0
Norwegian - Single responses	85	85	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	475	445	30	0
Métis - Total responses	1,115	480	640	0
Métis - Single responses	165	35	125	0
Métis - Multiple responses	955	445	510	0
Portuguese - Total responses	145	105	45	0
Portuguese - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	135	100	35	0
American - Total responses	855	620	240	0
American - Single responses	50	35	0	0
American - Multiple responses	800	580	225	0
Spanish - Total responses	375	230	130	15
Spanish - Single responses	50	25	25	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	320	210	95	15
Swedish - Total responses	290	275	15	0
Swedish - Single responses	55	55	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	245	230	15	0
Hungarian - Total responses	185	175	10	0
Hungarian - Single responses	30	25	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	155	150	10	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	119,090	68,250	50,370	400
Without income	3,965	2,685	1,225	45
With income	115,130	65,565	49,140	350
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	8,825	5,550	3,215	50
$5,000 to $9,999	9,435	5,600	3,815	15
$10,000 to $14,999	9,805	5,890	3,870	25
$15,000 to $19,999	11,825	7,155	4,605	40
$20,000 to $29,999	19,975	11,920	7,960	80
$30,000 to $39,999	17,365	9,680	7,650	30
$40,000 to $49,999	12,050	6,485	5,535	30
$50,000 to $59,999	8,190	4,030	4,145	0
$60,000 to $79,999	10,060	5,225	4,795	35
$80,000 to $99,999	3,890	1,930	1,955	0
$100,000 and over	3,715	2,100	1,590	25
$100,000 to $124,999	1,905	1,065	830	0
$125,000 and over	1,810	1,040	760	15
Median income $^Footnote 96	28,778	26,816	31,512	25,644
Average income $^Footnote 97	35,824	34,448	37,688	35,747
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	119,090	68,250	50,365	395
Without after-tax income	3,970	2,700	1,220	50
With after-tax income	115,120	65,550	49,145	345
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	9,070	5,620	3,395	50
$5,000 to $9,999	9,715	5,870	3,820	20
$10,000 to $14,999	10,345	6,270	4,035	25
$15,000 to $19,999	12,975	7,880	5,020	50
$20,000 to $29,999	24,295	13,920	10,275	85
$30,000 to $39,999	19,350	10,790	8,540	0
$40,000 to $49,999	12,050	6,040	5,970	40
$50,000 to $59,999	7,615	3,970	3,640	0
$60,000 to $79,999	6,310	3,275	3,000	35
$80,000 to $99,999	1,825	1,020	785	20
$100,000 and over	1,570	900	660	0
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	26,052	24,720	28,101	24,533
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	30,399	29,412	31,731	30,909
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	119,090	68,250	50,365	395
With employment income	85,845	47,980	37,565	270
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	29,472	27,281	32,294	21,312
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	35,862	34,360	37,804	34,546
With wages and salaries	81,660	45,640	35,755	235
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	30,008	27,939	32,576	21,284
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	35,940	34,555	37,725	35,257
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	81,060	45,385	35,340	315
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	47,085	26,180	20,765	130
All others^Footnote 108	33,975	19,200	14,570	180

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.