Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Manitoba^{Footnote 1}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 26.2 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 3	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	1,174,345	1,122,170	37,350	2,445
0 to 4 years	76,070	71,415	1,425	80
5 to 9 years	73,300	71,325	1,165	225
10 to 14 years	78,035	76,190	1,380	295
15 to 19 years	84,935	82,810	1,650	330
20 to 24 years	80,555	78,350	1,765	185
25 to 29 years	76,465	74,085	1,980	110
30 to 34 years	74,145	71,500	1,915	205
35 to 39 years	74,030	71,555	1,795	160
40 to 44 years	76,210	73,005	2,305	135
45 to 49 years	88,650	84,735	2,895	125
50 to 54 years	88,380	83,810	3,585	85
55 to 59 years	78,285	73,730	3,770	140
60 to 64 years	67,765	63,785	3,225	140
65 to 69 years	49,495	46,155	2,730	70
70 to 74 years	36,955	34,050	2,090	30
75 to 79 years	30,515	28,260	1,645	40
80 to 84 years	22,560	20,830	1,120	50
85 years and over	17,975	16,580	910	45
Median age^Footnote 4	37.9	37.4	50.6	30.0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	946,940	903,240	33,380	1,845
Married or living with a common-law partner	552,240	524,385	21,015	935
Married (and not separated)	474,995	449,740	18,615	900
Living common law	77,240	74,645	2,400	35
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	394,705	378,855	12,370	910
Single (never legally married)	270,655	262,545	6,690	755
Separated	22,660	21,570	850	40
Divorced	50,025	47,690	2,065	30
Widowed	51,365	47,050	2,765	85
Total population in private households by mother tongue	1,174,345	1,122,170	37,350	2,445
Single responses	1,157,480	1,106,135	36,755	2,210
English	871,675	871,635	35	0
French	38,365	2,360	36,000	0
Non-official languages	247,450	232,135	720	2,210
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	33,910	33,355	30	10
Cree, n.o.s.	18,625	18,420	0	0
Dene	1,020	995	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	115	110	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	7,400	7,280	0	0
Oji-Cree	6,750	6,550	25	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	190,860	178,020	355	1,825
Arabic	3,485	2,750	170	295
Bengali	580	550	0	0
Cantonese	3,730	2,975	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,950	5,385	0	25
Creoles	425	300	35	90
Dutch	3,010	2,945	0	20
German	57,405	55,215	25	240
Greek	1,100	1,070	0	0
Gujarati	1,230	1,140	0	0
Hindi	1,725	1,620	0	10
Hungarian	1,220	1,175	0	35
Italian	4,170	4,085	0	30
Korean	2,735	2,295	0	30
Mandarin	2,480	2,090	0	20
Panjabi (Punjabi)	10,030	8,695	0	80
Persian (Farsi)	1,680	1,520	0	25
Polish	6,840	6,520	0	45
Portuguese	5,665	5,105	0	90
Romanian	650	555	0	70
Russian	5,735	4,995	0	85
Serbian	785	715	0	20
Spanish	9,095	7,925	20	215
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	37,960	37,160	25	130
Tamil	500	475	0	20
Ukrainian	16,815	16,505	0	130
Urdu	1,885	1,825	0	0
Vietnamese	2,965	2,430	0	55
Other languages^Footnote 8	22,675	20,760	340	375
Multiple responses	16,860	16,035	590	235
English and French	1,775	1,330	215	225
English and non-official language	14,245	14,235	0	0
French and non-official language	770	400	370	0
English, French and non-official language	75	65	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 9	1,174,345	1,122,170	37,350	2,445
English only	1,058,705	1,058,705	0	0
French only	1,515	0	1,515	0
English and French	101,190	62,965	35,780	2,450
Neither English nor French	12,935	500	55	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	1,174,345	1,122,170	37,350	2,445
Single responses	1,144,515	1,093,770	36,185	2,175
English	1,009,640	989,850	19,790	0
French	16,770	720	16,045	0
Non-official languages	118,105	103,200	350	2,180
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	18,700	18,160	10	15
Cree, n.o.s.	9,790	9,580	0	0
Dene	650	625	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	3,140	3,025	0	10
Oji-Cree	5,120	4,935	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	89,585	76,945	185	1,795
Arabic	2,370	1,750	50	300
Bengali	335	295	0	0
Cantonese	2,470	1,670	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,895	3,395	0	25
Creoles	330	200	35	95
Dutch	280	225	0	15
German	18,670	16,330	0	250
Greek	485	440	0	0
Gujarati	775	685	0	0
Hindi	925	825	0	0
Hungarian	235	190	0	40
Italian	1,090	1,000	0	30
Korean	2,320	1,880	0	35
Mandarin	2,005	1,645	0	20
Panjabi (Punjabi)	7,460	6,120	0	75
Persian (Farsi)	1,295	1,125	0	35
Polish	2,270	1,955	0	35
Portuguese	1,980	1,430	0	90
Romanian	225	145	0	65
Russian	3,245	2,655	0	85
Serbian	510	450	0	20
Spanish	5,915	4,735	25	215
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	23,610	22,805	0	125
Tamil	155	135	0	20
Ukrainian	2,440	2,160	0	115
Urdu	1,130	1,075	0	0
Vietnamese	2,155	1,635	0	55
Other languages^Footnote 12	9,820	8,090	155	365
Multiple responses	29,825	28,400	1,160	265
English and French	1,200	200	770	230
English and non-official language	28,160	28,090	75	0
French and non-official language	385	90	295	0
English, French and non-official language	85	20	30	35
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	1,174,345	1,122,175	37,350	2,445
None	1,009,320	978,515	18,945	1,040
English	70,530	59,595	9,215	970
French	18,520	9,965	8,435	120
Non-official language	73,690	72,265	490	150
Aboriginal	15,595	15,575	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	58,090	56,685	465	145
English and French	155	10	30	115
English and non-official language	995	785	160	0
French and non-official language	1,100	1,025	70	0
English, French and non-official language	35	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 13	294,310	276,485	3,180	2,255
Aboriginal languages	43,245	42,585	125	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 14	23,470	23,225	35	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10,175	10,040	20	10
Oji-Cree	7,700	7,500	20	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	1,195	1,170	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	170	165	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	1,215	1,150	60	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	251,125	233,970	3,055	2,230
Italian	5,675	5,505	60	45
Portuguese	7,125	6,470	105	100
Romanian	960	855	0	80
Spanish	19,165	16,690	1,175	280
Dutch	3,690	3,610	30	10
Flemish	385	355	20	0
German	66,150	63,240	350	295
Yiddish	780	785	0	0
Danish	325	315	0	0
Norwegian	190	185	0	0
Swedish	405	385	20	0
Afrikaans	690	690	0	0
Gaelic languages	80	80	0	0
Bosnian	720	685	0	0
Bulgarian	160	155	0	0
Croatian	1,240	1,110	0	65
Czech	860	860	0	0
Macedonian	175	170	0	0
Polish	8,415	7,995	30	105
Russian	9,300	8,145	50	140
Serbian	975	885	0	20
Serbo-Croatian	505	475	0	0
Slovak	325	300	0	0
Slovenian	355	355	0	0
Ukrainian	21,565	21,180	45	140
Latvian	70	70	0	0
Lithuanian	125	115	0	0
Greek	1,505	1,430	40	10
Armenian	65	65	0	0
Albanian	315	305	0	0
Estonian	30	30	0	0
Finnish	230	230	0	0
Hungarian	1,330	1,265	0	50
Turkish	270	250	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	310	305	0	0
Somali	735	690	0	0
Amharic	1,720	1,585	0	20
Arabic	5,065	4,100	295	305
Hebrew	2,690	2,625	0	0
Maltese	30	30	0	0
Tigrigna	1,045	955	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	45	40	0	0
Bengali	790	745	0	0
Gujarati	1,460	1,365	0	0
Hindi	7,525	7,180	20	60
Konkani	55	50	0	0
Marathi	95	90	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	12,555	11,200	0	80
Sindhi	105	100	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	565	550	0	0
Urdu	2,720	2,625	0	20
Nepali	665	475	0	0
Kurdish	260	250	0	0
Pashto	145	150	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,015	1,835	0	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	105	100	0	0
Kannada	80	75	0	0
Malayalam	375	330	0	0
Tamil	605	565	0	25
Telugu	165	165	0	0
Japanese	965	925	0	0
Korean	3,005	2,555	0	35
Cantonese	4,580	3,695	0	0
Fukien	45	45	0	0
Hakka	40	40	0	0
Mandarin	3,810	3,240	0	15
Taiwanese	105	100	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	7,665	6,085	20	25
Lao	1,000	865	0	40
Thai	450	400	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	535	395	0	0
Vietnamese	3,905	3,240	40	60
Bisayan languages	1,185	1,170	0	0
Ilocano	1,185	1,175	0	0
Malay	340	335	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	48,060	47,165	55	135
Akan (Twi)	140	135	0	0
Lingala	425	90	290	40
Rundi (Kirundi)	140	30	35	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	245	150	90	0
Swahili	1,250	895	190	95
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	485	360	115	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,055	960	65	0
African languages, n.i.e.	750	695	20	0
Creoles	905	685	115	105
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 16	6,180	5,515	270	75
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 17	1,159,210	1,108,265	37,105	2,420
Non-movers	1,013,830	969,965	33,445	1,910
Movers	145,380	138,305	3,655	510
Non-migrants	92,745	88,925	2,335	245
Migrants	52,630	49,375	1,320	265
Internal migrants	37,945	36,385	1,150	155
Intraprovincial migrants	26,875	25,965	805	0
Interprovincial migrants	11,070	10,420	340	150
External migrants	14,690	12,990	170	110
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 18	1,098,275	1,050,750	35,920	2,370
Non-movers	679,535	650,485	24,135	1,150
Movers	418,735	400,270	11,785	1,215
Non-migrants	247,815	239,325	6,715	420
Migrants	170,920	160,940	5,070	800
Internal migrants	115,660	110,910	4,175	200
Intraprovincial migrants	78,805	75,680	2,960	25
Interprovincial migrants	36,855	35,230	1,215	170
External migrants	55,260	50,035	895	600
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 19	1,174,345	1,122,170	37,350	2,445
Canadian citizens	1,099,405	1,054,460	36,300	1,700
Canadian citizens only	1,081,080	1,037,345	35,845	1,390
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	18,325	17,115	455	315
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 20	74,940	67,715	1,050	740
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 21	1,174,345	1,122,170	37,350	2,445
Non-immigrants^Footnote 22	981,200	942,405	34,810	770
Born in province of residence	836,205	803,155	29,340	670
Born outside province of residence	145,000	139,250	5,470	95
Immigrants^Footnote 23	184,505	171,880	2,330	1,625
Americas	30,710	29,355	160	240
United States	7,415	7,330	45	30
Jamaica	1,350	1,350	0	0
Guyana	1,100	1,095	0	0
Haiti	105	35	70	0
Mexico	6,605	6,210	0	35
Trinidad and Tobago	1,750	1,750	0	0
Colombia	1,090	825	0	25
El Salvador	2,400	2,205	0	45
Peru	265	245	0	0
Chile	790	775	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	7,840	7,540	25	85
Europe	57,530	54,615	785	515
United Kingdom^Footnote 24	13,235	13,215	0	0
Italy	3,030	2,940	0	25
Germany	10,845	10,590	40	105
Poland	5,520	5,225	0	40
Portugal	4,060	3,535	0	65
Netherlands	2,500	2,440	0	20
France	820	260	555	0
Romania	775	700	0	60
Russian Federation	3,890	3,520	0	15
Greece	670	640	0	0
Ukraine	4,015	3,810	0	30
Croatia	1,090	1,025	0	0
Hungary	770	745	0	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,060	1,000	0	0
Serbia	410	370	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	555	555	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	4,285	4,035	120	90
Africa	11,245	9,220	1,255	480
Morocco	385	70	140	165
Algeria	45	0	25	0
Egypt	570	525	0	25
South Africa, Republic of	940	935	0	0
Nigeria	1,445	1,445	0	0
Ethiopia	1,660	1,555	0	10
Kenya	580	560	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	5,625	4,110	1,060	260
Asia	84,310	77,985	130	395
India	12,175	11,025	0	70
China^Footnote 25	7,200	5,290	0	15
Philippines	45,240	44,615	15	85
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	1,510	1,380	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 26	3,440	2,770	50	30
Pakistan	1,705	1,635	0	0
Sri Lanka	750	750	0	0
Iran^Footnote 27	885	830	0	15
Korea, South^Footnote 28	2,215	1,915	0	20
Lebanon	135	105	0	0
Taiwan	280	275	0	0
Iraq	655	555	0	0
Bangladesh	385	365	0	0
Afghanistan	700	600	0	0
Japan	255	235	0	0
Turkey	155	145	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	6,625	5,490	0	120
Oceania and other^Footnote 29	710	710	0	0
Fiji	40	35	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 30	670	670	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 31	8,640	7,885	210	50
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 32	57,655	51,665	915	670
Americas	5,205	4,555	30	40
United States	1,030	1,015	0	0
Mexico	700	575	0	0
Cuba	30	30	0	0
Haiti	30	0	20	0
Jamaica	95	95	0	0
Brazil	100	80	0	15
Colombia	815	570	0	0
Guyana	95	95	0	0
Peru	110	105	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 33	15	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	2,185	1,965	0	0
Europe	7,695	6,890	140	105
France	110	0	110	0
Germany	3,045	2,870	0	60
Poland	130	110	0	0
Romania	60	45	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 34	125	120	0	0
Russian Federation	1,570	1,295	0	0
Ukraine	1,000	910	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 35	790	785	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	860	750	0	15
Africa	5,145	3,865	720	305
Nigeria	895	895	0	0
Ethiopia	690	615	0	0
Mauritius	150	0	70	60
Somalia	215	215	0	0
Algeria	30	0	20	0
Egypt	250	225	0	0
Morocco	140	15	45	70
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	45	0	40	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	480	200	195	75
South Africa, Republic of	250	245	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,995	1,435	315	70
Asia	39,435	36,185	20	225
Philippines	22,815	22,540	0	60
China^Footnote 36	3,335	2,265	0	0
India	6,090	5,540	0	35
Pakistan	660	605	0	0
Iran^Footnote 37	380	350	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 38	1,270	1,065	0	15
Sri Lanka	200	200	0	0
Iraq	340	260	0	0
Bangladesh	235	215	0	0
Lebanon	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 39	420	315	0	0
Taiwan	60	55	0	0
Afghanistan	125	80	0	0
Japan	75	70	0	0
Turkey	20	0	0	0
Israel	520	470	0	0
Nepal	140	120	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	80	75	0	0
United Arab Emirates	75	80	0	0
Saudi Arabia	95	90	0	0
Syria^Footnote 40	175	130	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	2,310	1,640	0	25
Oceania and other^Footnote 41	170	170	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 42	1,174,345	1,122,175	37,345	2,445
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	981,205	942,405	34,810	770
Immigrants^Footnote 44	184,505	171,885	2,335	1,625
Before 1971	32,680	31,725	370	195
1971 to 1980	22,995	21,810	225	120
1981 to 1990	21,950	20,455	195	135
1991 to 2000	25,005	23,405	275	255
2001 to 2011^Footnote 45	81,875	74,490	1,265	920
2001 to 2005	24,225	22,825	355	245
2006 to 2011^Footnote 46	57,655	51,665	915	675
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 47	8,640	7,880	205	50
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 48	1,174,345	1,122,170	37,350	2,445
First generation^Footnote 49	196,720	183,215	2,580	1,685
Second generation^Footnote 50	197,860	192,215	2,690	545
Third generation or more^Footnote 51	779,765	746,740	32,075	210
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	1,174,345	1,122,175	37,350	2,445
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 52	195,895	187,730	7,540	75
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 53	114,230	113,430	240	15
Métis single identity	78,835	71,525	7,250	60
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	580	565	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 54	1,205	1,170	30	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 55	1,055	1,045	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	978,450	934,435	29,815	2,370
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 56	1,174,345	1,122,170	37,350	2,445
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 57	110,805	109,970	275	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,063,545	1,012,195	37,075	2,430
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 58	946,945	903,240	33,380	1,850
In the labour force	636,835	610,965	21,340	1,150
Employed	597,290	572,770	20,475	990
Unemployed	39,550	38,195	865	165
Not in the labour force	310,105	292,270	12,045	690
Participation rate	67.3	67.6	63.9	62.2
Employment rate	63.1	63.4	61.3	53.5
Unemployment rate	6.2	6.3	4.1	14.3
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	636,835	610,970	21,340	1,150
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 59	11,030	10,630	185	30
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 60	625,805	600,335	21,155	1,125
Employee	560,315	537,530	18,715	1,040
Self-employed	65,490	62,800	2,445	85
Self-employed (incorporated)	20,910	19,945	910	20
Without paid help	7,380	6,985	390	0
With paid help	13,525	12,960	525	15
Self-employed (unincorporated)	42,370	40,720	1,480	60
Without paid help	31,095	29,890	1,065	50
With paid help	11,280	10,830	415	0
Unpaid family worker	2,210	2,135	55	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	636,835	610,965	21,340	1,155
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 61	11,030	10,630	180	30
All occupations^Footnote 62	625,805	600,335	21,160	1,125
0 Management occupations	69,775	66,995	2,570	75
00 Senior management occupations	5,790	5,510	250	20
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	19,900	18,915	960	15
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	20,035	19,450	490	20
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	24,055	23,130	870	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	97,840	93,760	3,840	120
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	14,980	14,475	470	30
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	31,370	29,805	1,485	35
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	7,360	7,100	245	0
14 Office support occupations	30,720	29,395	1,215	35
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	13,420	12,980	420	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	33,630	32,340	1,090	80
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	16,135	15,525	490	45
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	17,500	16,820	600	35
3 Health occupations	46,555	45,020	1,370	125
30 Professional occupations in nursing	13,425	12,970	415	30
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	8,460	8,225	180	45
32 Technical occupations in health	10,790	10,425	355	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	13,875	13,405	420	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	82,195	78,450	3,395	195
40 Professional occupations in education services	25,275	23,905	1,270	85
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	15,445	14,760	635	35
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	16,355	15,725	555	40
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	6,520	6,205	300	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	18,590	17,850	630	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	13,470	12,730	725	10
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	5,390	4,925	460	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	8,080	7,805	270	0
6 Sales and service occupations	140,965	135,685	3,835	290
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	10,770	10,400	340	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	19,065	18,185	475	35
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	26,190	25,530	515	70
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	30,130	28,990	955	90
66 Sales support occupations	20,230	19,650	470	25
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	34,590	32,925	1,080	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	95,085	91,290	3,205	140
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	32,390	30,870	1,265	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	19,640	18,855	695	25
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	7,545	7,310	200	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	26,510	25,485	845	85
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	9,000	8,775	195	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	17,380	16,705	550	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	3,940	3,840	90	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	8,240	7,875	300	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	5,200	4,985	160	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	28,890	27,370	585	50
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	5,070	4,875	145	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	10,175	9,615	165	20
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	7,290	6,965	130	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	6,355	5,915	145	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 63	636,840	610,970	21,340	1,155
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 64	11,035	10,630	180	30
All industries^Footnote 65	625,805	600,335	21,160	1,125
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	27,390	26,190	1,050	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	5,325	5,145	160	0
22 Utilities	8,035	7,755	250	30
23 Construction	41,385	39,615	1,575	35
31-33 Manufacturing	55,295	52,695	1,375	90
41 Wholesale trade	21,560	20,775	685	25
44-45 Retail trade	68,720	66,710	1,620	140
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	33,355	32,050	1,160	65
51 Information and cultural industries	11,485	11,020	435	0
52 Finance and insurance	26,045	24,855	1,130	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	8,105	7,845	225	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	26,880	26,020	745	80
55 Management of companies and enterprises	505	495	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	21,285	20,285	790	30
61 Educational services	52,525	49,745	2,575	130
62 Health care and social assistance	83,700	80,620	2,825	150
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	12,495	12,005	465	0
72 Accommodation and food services	40,490	39,015	670	125
81 Other services (except public administration)	27,535	26,560	845	40
91 Public administration	53,690	50,930	2,550	115
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 66	597,285	572,770	20,480	990
Usual place of work	489,200	469,160	16,530	850
Work in CSD of residence	373,190	358,300	11,775	745
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	51,460	49,440	1,840	45
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	60,995	58,055	2,805	55
Work in a different province	3,560	3,370	105	0
Worked at home	40,475	38,810	1,505	70
Worked outside Canada	1,500	1,395	50	0
No fixed workplace address	66,110	63,405	2,395	55
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 67	555,310	532,570	18,915	905
Car, truck or van - as a driver	409,345	392,850	14,320	605
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	40,075	38,440	960	60
Public transit	51,010	48,945	1,485	125
Walked	37,535	35,805	1,405	95
Bicycle	9,615	9,190	405	0
Other methods	7,725	7,340	345	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 68	681,805	654,020	22,930	1,270
English	663,080	642,770	17,410	1,085
French	5,925	1,490	4,340	95
Non-official language	7,710	6,050	35	35
Aboriginal	2,720	2,695	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,985	3,355	35	35
English and French	2,155	995	1,110	45
English and non-official language	2,875	2,690	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	25	15	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 69	681,810	654,020	22,930	1,270
None	636,130	618,795	13,665	975
English	8,660	5,260	2,890	65
French	12,860	6,510	6,220	125
Non-official language	23,575	22,995	70	65
Aboriginal	6,405	6,375	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	17,175	16,620	50	60
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	0	0	0
French and non-official language	540	460	65	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 70	946,940	903,235	33,380	1,845
No certificate, diploma or degree	237,610	224,685	7,850	370
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 71	262,500	252,005	8,245	360
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 72	446,835	426,550	17,280	1,120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 73	89,290	84,610	4,015	105
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 74	49,555	46,890	2,255	70
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 75	39,730	37,725	1,760	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	150,450	143,800	5,905	225
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 76	38,600	36,680	1,510	165
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	168,500	161,460	5,850	630
Bachelor's degree	113,345	109,035	3,680	340
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20,720	19,600	940	105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	5,160	4,995	70	15
Master's degree	23,650	22,465	950	135
Earned doctorate^Footnote 77	5,620	5,360	210	35
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 78	446,835	426,550	17,280	1,115
Education	45,015	42,420	2,410	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	13,050	12,550	435	0
Humanities	23,550	22,420	970	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	38,925	37,365	1,305	150
Business, management and public administration	87,805	83,815	3,410	185
Physical and life sciences and technologies	14,215	13,670	445	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15,845	15,190	590	25
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	89,760	85,540	3,460	270
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	13,505	12,950	445	80
Health and related fields^Footnote 79	78,935	75,870	2,650	140
Personal, protective and transportation services	26,190	24,710	1,165	25
Other fields of study^Footnote 80	45	50	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 81	446,835	426,550	17,280	1,120
Inside Canada	385,810	368,650	16,440	510
Newfoundland and Labrador	985	980	0	0
Prince Edward Island	120	120	0	0
Nova Scotia	1,690	1,650	40	0
New Brunswick	1,285	1,070	210	0
Quebec	2,665	1,755	865	40
Ontario	18,840	17,995	790	50
Manitoba	337,325	322,710	14,025	390
Saskatchewan	8,700	8,530	170	0
Alberta	8,920	8,720	180	15
British Columbia	5,145	4,975	155	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	110	105	0	0
Nunavut	15	20	0	0
Outside Canada	61,025	57,905	845	610
Total population in private households by visible minority	1,174,345	1,122,175	37,350	2,445
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	153,625	142,585	1,970	1,250
South Asian^Footnote 83	25,265	23,300	45	205
Chinese	17,025	14,310	55	65
Black	19,610	17,640	1,420	285
Filipino	59,215	58,340	40	110
Latin American	9,140	8,095	45	185
Arab	3,240	2,615	220	230
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	7,565	6,585	70	105
West Asian^Footnote 85	2,040	1,875	0	20
Korean	3,045	2,605	0	30
Japanese	1,745	1,720	25	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	1,760	1,710	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	3,975	3,790	50	15
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	1,020,720	979,585	35,375	1,190
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 89	1,174,345	1,122,170	37,345	2,445
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 90	574,340	544,355	17,255	1,755
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 91	600,000	577,815	20,095	690
Canadian - Total responses	216,860	201,860	14,280	150
Canadian - Single responses	83,450	79,865	3,230	25
Canadian - Multiple responses	133,410	121,995	11,050	130
English- Total responses	255,535	253,410	1,950	70
English - Single responses	36,470	36,450	20	0
English - Multiple responses	219,065	216,960	1,930	75
French - Total responses	147,775	118,635	28,930	170
French - Single responses	18,050	7,185	10,840	20
French - Multiple responses	129,730	111,450	18,090	155
Scottish - Total responses	210,810	209,045	1,690	50
Scottish - Single responses	18,775	18,745	25	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	192,040	190,300	1,655	50
Irish - Total responses	155,450	153,480	1,925	35
Irish - Single responses	9,560	9,540	20	0
Irish - Multiple responses	145,895	143,940	1,905	25
German - Total responses	218,490	215,020	1,455	245
German - Single responses	60,950	59,540	40	115
German - Multiple responses	157,540	155,480	1,415	120
Italian - Total responses	21,960	21,410	375	65
Italian - Single responses	6,750	6,620	35	25
Italian - Multiple responses	15,215	14,785	345	35
Chinese - Total responses	22,600	19,665	105	85
Chinese - Single responses	14,970	12,280	25	45
Chinese - Multiple responses	7,630	7,385	80	40
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	130,070	128,140	1,355	35
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	86,250	85,590	115	10
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	43,825	42,545	1,240	20
Ukrainian - Total responses	174,990	173,935	575	175
Ukrainian - Single responses	42,060	41,810	15	90
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	132,935	132,130	565	85
East Indian - Total responses	21,705	20,125	70	140
East Indian - Single responses	17,305	15,845	35	135
East Indian - Multiple responses	4,400	4,280	35	0
Dutch - Total responses	54,990	54,555	295	45
Dutch - Single responses	11,705	11,640	0	20
Dutch - Multiple responses	43,280	42,910	285	25
Polish- Total responses	85,410	84,540	450	110
Polish - Single responses	12,025	11,665	60	45
Polish - Multiple responses	73,385	72,880	390	75
Filipino - Total responses	61,270	60,370	55	120
Filipino - Single responses	51,085	50,280	40	95
Filipino - Multiple responses	10,190	10,085	0	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 92	18,360	18,170	165	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 93	2,940	2,915	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 94	15,415	15,250	145	15
Russian- Total responses	50,640	49,715	110	70
Russian - Single responses	8,105	7,785	0	25
Russian - Multiple responses	42,535	41,930	105	45
Welsh - Total responses	17,555	17,485	65	0
Welsh - Single responses	890	890	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	16,660	16,595	65	0
Norwegian - Total responses	20,795	20,715	80	0
Norwegian - Single responses	1,500	1,500	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	19,295	19,215	80	0
Métis - Total responses	77,020	70,220	6,765	40
Métis - Single responses	13,550	12,690	855	0
Métis - Multiple responses	63,475	57,530	5,905	30
Portuguese - Total responses	12,685	11,945	165	100
Portuguese - Single responses	7,410	6,895	40	75
Portuguese - Multiple responses	5,275	5,045	125	30
American - Total responses	9,140	8,705	420	0
American - Single responses	585	570	0	0
American - Multiple responses	8,560	8,130	405	0
Spanish - Total responses	12,230	11,520	385	125
Spanish - Single responses	1,495	1,370	0	45
Spanish - Multiple responses	10,740	10,150	370	75
Swedish - Total responses	22,575	22,475	95	0
Swedish - Single responses	1,435	1,435	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	21,140	21,040	100	0
Hungarian - Total responses	9,170	9,030	50	65
Hungarian - Single responses	1,845	1,805	0	40
Hungarian - Multiple responses	7,315	7,225	50	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 95	946,945	903,235	33,380	1,845
Without income	45,905	44,335	775	225
With income	901,040	858,905	32,605	1,620
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	94,370	90,450	2,330	235
$5,000 to $9,999	68,530	65,675	1,950	205
$10,000 to $14,999	80,415	76,325	2,450	110
$15,000 to $19,999	83,780	78,630	3,690	110
$20,000 to $29,999	135,385	129,010	4,680	285
$30,000 to $39,999	123,090	117,445	4,605	235
$40,000 to $49,999	95,695	91,185	4,075	130
$50,000 to $59,999	66,930	63,795	2,860	90
$60,000 to $79,999	82,780	79,125	3,370	115
$80,000 to $99,999	36,310	34,705	1,490	55
$100,000 and over	33,740	32,560	1,100	50
$100,000 to $124,999	16,835	16,155	650	30
$125,000 and over	16,905	16,410	455	20
Median income $^Footnote 97	29,029	29,088	32,299	24,514
Average income $^Footnote 98	36,696	36,788	38,625	31,031
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 99	946,940	903,235	33,380	1,845
Without after-tax income	46,020	44,445	785	225
With after-tax income	900,915	858,790	32,595	1,620
Under $5,000^Footnote 100	96,305	92,280	2,420	235
$5,000 to $9,999	70,565	67,640	2,025	200
$10,000 to $14,999	85,080	80,790	2,615	130
$15,000 to $19,999	94,385	88,920	3,825	150
$20,000 to $29,999	166,025	158,060	6,110	300
$30,000 to $39,999	142,755	136,095	5,710	260
$40,000 to $49,999	97,635	93,115	4,100	130
$50,000 to $59,999	60,970	58,290	2,495	65
$60,000 to $79,999	58,015	55,425	2,360	120
$80,000 to $99,999	15,950	15,290	615	25
$100,000 and over	13,230	12,890	315	0
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 101	26,150	26,182	28,794	22,931
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 102	30,702	30,763	32,290	26,742
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 103	946,940	903,240	33,380	1,850
With employment income	663,020	635,940	22,635	1,185
Median employment income $^Footnote 104	30,371	30,302	34,623	23,006
Average employment income $^Footnote 105	37,579	37,585	39,349	32,529
With wages and salaries	614,160	589,260	20,785	1,070
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	31,780	31,660	36,480	22,944
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 107	38,212	38,185	40,895	33,263
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	636,835	610,965	21,340	1,155
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 108	356,960	342,645	12,270	480
All others^Footnote 109	279,880	268,330	9,070	675

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 4

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 10

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 12

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 14

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 19

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 20

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 21

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 22

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 23

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 24

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 25

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 26

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 27

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 28

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 29

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 31

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 32

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 33

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 34

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 35

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 36

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 37

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 38

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 39

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 40

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 41

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 42

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 43

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 44

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 47

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 48

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 49

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 50

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 51

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 55

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 56

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 57

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 58

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 59

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 60

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 61

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 62

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 63

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 64

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 65

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 66

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 67

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 68

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 70

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 71

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 72

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 74

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 75

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 76

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 77

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 78

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 79

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 80

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 81

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 90

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 91

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 95

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

For population with income.

Footnote 99

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 100

Including loss.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 103

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with employment income.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 108

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 109

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.