Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Penticton, CY
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 27.7 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	31,720	30,950	560	35
0 to 4 years	1,245	1,230	0	0
5 to 9 years	1,300	1,290	0	0
10 to 14 years	1,630	1,605	0	20
15 to 19 years	1,800	1,785	15	0
20 to 24 years	1,685	1,675	0	0
25 to 29 years	1,630	1,630	0	0
30 to 34 years	1,605	1,590	0	0
35 to 39 years	1,575	1,570	0	0
40 to 44 years	1,695	1,670	20	0
45 to 49 years	2,305	2,245	45	0
50 to 54 years	2,725	2,700	25	0
55 to 59 years	2,445	2,345	105	0
60 to 64 years	2,280	2,185	90	0
65 to 69 years	1,725	1,640	40	0
70 to 74 years	1,820	1,725	85	0
75 to 79 years	1,760	1,690	50	0
80 to 84 years	1,490	1,435	20	0
85 years and over	1,000	935	40	0
Median age^Footnote 3	48.8	48.4	63.1	14.7
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	27,545	26,820	550	15
Married or living with a common-law partner	15,145	14,610	400	15
Married (and not separated)	12,585	12,120	325	10
Living common law	2,565	2,490	70	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	12,405	12,205	150	0
Single (never legally married)	6,385	6,360	25	0
Separated	940	915	25	0
Divorced	2,805	2,765	40	0
Widowed	2,270	2,165	60	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	31,720	30,950	560	40
Single responses	31,510	30,740	560	35
English	27,610	27,610	0	0
French	615	60	555	0
Non-official languages	3,285	3,065	0	35
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	45	45	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	2,750	2,535	0	35
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	80	65	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	25	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	275	270	0	0
German	705	705	0	0
Greek	40	40	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	115	115	0	0
Italian	135	130	0	0
Korean	30	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	570	445	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	50	50	0	0
Polish	50	45	0	0
Portuguese	220	200	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	35	30	0	0
Serbian	20	20	0	0
Spanish	70	60	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	120	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	155	155	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	25	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	485	485	0	0
Multiple responses	210	205	0	0
English and French	40	40	0	0
English and non-official language	170	170	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	31,720	30,945	560	35
English only	29,415	29,415	0	0
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	2,125	1,530	560	35
Neither English nor French	180	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	31,720	30,950	560	35
Single responses	31,560	30,790	560	35
English	30,320	29,895	420	0
French	145	0	135	0
Non-official languages	1,105	890	0	35
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	960	740	0	35
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	55	35	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	25	0	0
German	45	45	0	0
Greek	15	15	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0
Italian	55	50	0	0
Korean	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	510	380	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	65	40	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0
Spanish	40	35	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	50	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	145	145	0	0
Multiple responses	160	155	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	145	145	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	31,720	30,950	560	40
None	29,835	29,295	365	15
English	635	525	75	20
French	295	180	115	0
Non-official language	950	945	0	0
Aboriginal	110	115	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	830	830	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	4,130	3,840	75	40
Aboriginal languages	140	125	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	85	85	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	25	30	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,990	3,715	60	35
Italian	205	190	0	0
Portuguese	225	200	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	470	410	50	0
Dutch	320	315	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	800	780	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	30	0	0
Norwegian	10	15	0	0
Swedish	140	135	0	0
Afrikaans	50	50	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	55	55	0	0
Czech	50	50	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	40	0	0
Russian	45	45	0	0
Serbian	30	20	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	25	0	0
Slovenian	15	15	0	0
Ukrainian	150	150	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	45	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	15	15	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	30	30	0	0
Hungarian	125	125	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	20	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	95	80	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	650	525	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	55	60	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	45	0	0
Korean	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	90	75	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	45	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	30	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	65	70	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	30	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	125	125	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	105	100	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	31,505	30,745	560	35
Non-movers	26,005	25,300	525	35
Movers	5,500	5,445	30	0
Non-migrants	3,565	3,530	15	0
Migrants	1,945	1,915	20	0
Internal migrants	1,840	1,825	15	0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,365	1,350	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	475	470	0	0
External migrants	95	90	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	30,475	29,715	560	35
Non-movers	16,350	15,875	370	30
Movers	14,130	13,835	190	10
Non-migrants	7,310	7,175	80	0
Migrants	6,820	6,665	105	0
Internal migrants	6,370	6,260	100	0
Intraprovincial migrants	4,535	4,490	40	0
Interprovincial migrants	1,835	1,770	60	0
External migrants	445	405	0	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	31,720	30,945	560	40
Canadian citizens	30,805	30,100	545	30
Canadian citizens only	30,265	29,595	530	30
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	540	505	15	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	915	845	15	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	31,720	30,950	560	35
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	27,425	26,920	470	20
Born in province of residence	15,620	15,570	20	0
Born outside province of residence	11,810	11,350	450	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	4,210	3,945	90	15
Americas	545	535	0	0
United States	370	370	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	35	35	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	35	0	0
Europe	2,615	2,490	90	15
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	965	965	0	0
Italy	100	90	0	0
Germany	365	365	0	0
Poland	50	45	0	0
Portugal	185	160	0	0
Netherlands	285	285	0	0
France	65	0	55	0
Romania	20	15	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	30	30	0	0
Ukraine	20	20	0	0
Croatia	30	25	0	0
Hungary	105	85	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	45	45	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	60	60	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	280	270	0	0
Africa	130	125	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	70	70	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	45	0	0
Asia	880	745	0	0
India	465	355	0	0
China^Footnote 24	40	20	0	0
Philippines	120	120	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	35	35	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	40	40	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	30	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	130	125	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	45	45	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	45	45	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	80	80	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	300	245	0	0
Americas	35	25	0	0
United States	20	20	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	80	65	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	35	30	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	20	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	170	140	0	0
Philippines	30	25	0	0
China^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
India	40	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	30	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	55	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	10	10	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	31,720	30,945	560	35
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	27,425	26,925	470	20
Immigrants^Footnote 43	4,215	3,940	90	20
Before 1971	2,000	1,925	40	0
1971 to 1980	790	745	0	0
1981 to 1990	440	420	0	0
1991 to 2000	430	390	0	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	555	465	35	0
2001 to 2005	255	215	15	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	300	245	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	80	80	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	31,720	30,945	555	35
First generation^Footnote 48	4,395	4,130	90	15
Second generation^Footnote 49	7,380	7,295	45	20
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	19,945	19,525	420	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	31,720	30,945	555	35
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	2,005	1,945	60	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	775	770	0	0
Métis single identity	1,045	990	55	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	85	90	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	90	90	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	29,710	29,000	500	35
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	31,720	30,945	555	40
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	470	460	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	31,255	30,485	555	35
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	27,550	26,815	545	15
In the labour force	15,795	15,435	305	0
Employed	14,340	14,040	255	0
Unemployed	1,455	1,395	45	0
Not in the labour force	11,750	11,380	245	0
Participation rate	57.3	57.6	56.0	0.0
Employment rate	52.1	52.4	46.8	0.0
Unemployment rate	9.2	9.0	14.8	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	15,800	15,435	300	0
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	320	305	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	15,480	15,130	290	0
Employee	13,470	13,140	270	0
Self-employed	2,010	1,990	15	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	630	630	0	0
Without paid help	265	265	0	0
With paid help	365	365	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	1,355	1,340	0	0
Without paid help	1,045	1,025	0	0
With paid help	310	310	0	0
Unpaid family worker	25	20	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	15,800	15,435	300	0
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	320	305	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	15,480	15,130	285	0
0 Management occupations	1,450	1,425	20	0
00 Senior management occupations	90	90	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	425	420	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	645	635	0	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	300	285	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,270	2,220	45	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	235	230	0	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	720	705	10	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	245	245	0	0
14 Office support occupations	655	620	0	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	420	420	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	735	725	0	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	300	295	0	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	440	430	0	0
3 Health occupations	1,210	1,185	30	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	220	215	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	275	270	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	345	345	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	375	360	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,835	1,775	65	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	500	505	0	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	340	340	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	455	415	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	95	90	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	445	425	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	345	340	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	120	110	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	230	230	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	4,355	4,275	65	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	340	335	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	610	590	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	875	875	0	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	895	865	0	0
66 Sales support occupations	680	670	0	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	955	945	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,440	2,410	35	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,030	1,025	0	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	475	475	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	230	215	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	465	460	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	245	240	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	415	390	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	70	75	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	160	140	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	185	180	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	415	385	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	85	70	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	110	100	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	135	130	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	80	80	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	15,800	15,435	305	0
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	320	305	0	0
All industries^Footnote 64	15,480	15,130	285	0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	345	320	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	85	85	0	0
22 Utilities	55	50	0	0
23 Construction	1,465	1,460	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,115	1,075	30	0
41 Wholesale trade	280	275	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,300	2,280	20	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	465	460	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	290	285	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	610	610	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	380	375	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	745	695	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	630	600	0	0
61 Educational services	1,025	1,010	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	2,250	2,190	60	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	295	295	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,400	1,355	40	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	755	745	0	0
91 Public administration	990	960	25	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	14,345	14,040	255	0
Usual place of work	11,295	11,065	200	0
Work in CSD of residence	9,385	9,225	140	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	1,225	1,160	50	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	475	470	0	0
Work in a different province	210	210	0	0
Worked at home	1,040	1,005	25	0
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,985	1,945	25	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	13,280	13,015	230	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,840	9,670	155	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	810	790	0	0
Public transit	160	160	0	0
Walked	1,655	1,600	55	0
Bicycle	475	455	0	0
Other methods	340	335	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	17,220	16,845	310	0
English	17,085	16,765	285	0
French	15	0	0	0
Non-official language	55	25	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	55	25	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	40	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	17,220	16,845	305	0
None	16,895	16,620	220	0
English	30	25	0	0
French	130	45	90	0
Non-official language	160	150	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	140	135	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	27,545	26,815	545	15
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,525	5,275	125	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	8,460	8,275	145	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	13,565	13,270	280	0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	3,435	3,380	50	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	1,510	1,475	40	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	1,920	1,905	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,320	5,205	110	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	1,385	1,315	65	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,425	3,365	55	0
Bachelor's degree	2,290	2,260	25	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	270	260	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	165	165	0	0
Master's degree	615	605	10	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	75	75	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	13,565	13,270	280	0
Education	1,170	1,145	25	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	515	500	0	0
Humanities	540	535	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	855	845	0	0
Business, management and public administration	2,855	2,770	85	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	465	465	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	200	195	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,815	2,765	50	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	415	405	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	2,760	2,685	75	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	970	955	10	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	13,565	13,265	275	0
Inside Canada	11,945	11,690	250	0
Newfoundland and Labrador	30	35	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	95	85	0	0
New Brunswick	100	100	0	0
Quebec	160	110	45	0
Ontario	955	940	0	0
Manitoba	420	415	0	0
Saskatchewan	505	455	0	0
Alberta	1,385	1,345	45	0
British Columbia	8,215	8,125	80	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	1,620	1,580	30	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	31,720	30,950	560	35
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	1,670	1,495	0	15
South Asian^Footnote 82	715	585	0	0
Chinese	160	140	0	0
Black	120	120	0	0
Filipino	135	140	0	0
Latin American	95	95	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	145	140	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	75	75	0	0
Korean	30	0	0	0
Japanese	110	110	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	35	30	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	45	45	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	30,055	29,450	555	20
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	31,720	30,945	560	35
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	13,330	12,805	310	35
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	18,395	18,140	250	0
Canadian - Total responses	7,120	7,000	120	0
Canadian - Single responses	2,955	2,900	55	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	4,165	4,100	70	0
English- Total responses	10,925	10,915	0	0
English - Single responses	2,320	2,320	0	0
English - Multiple responses	8,610	8,595	0	0
French - Total responses	4,015	3,575	435	0
French - Single responses	595	400	200	0
French - Multiple responses	3,420	3,180	240	0
Scottish - Total responses	7,560	7,550	0	0
Scottish - Single responses	875	870	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	6,690	6,680	0	0
Irish - Total responses	6,370	6,285	85	0
Irish - Single responses	375	375	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	5,990	5,910	80	0
German - Total responses	6,005	5,975	25	0
German - Single responses	1,175	1,165	0	0
German - Multiple responses	4,830	4,810	25	0
Italian - Total responses	1,245	1,240	0	0
Italian - Single responses	235	225	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	1,010	1,015	0	0
Chinese - Total responses	285	255	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	190	170	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	90	90	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	1,415	1,400	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	105	110	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,305	1,285	20	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	2,085	2,085	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	540	535	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	1,545	1,545	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	590	495	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	520	430	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	65	65	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	1,935	1,930	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	485	480	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	1,450	1,450	0	0
Polish- Total responses	1,110	1,110	0	0
Polish - Single responses	105	100	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,005	1,005	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	150	150	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	70	70	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	80	80	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	1,065	1,060	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	390	390	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	680	670	0	0
Russian- Total responses	1,245	1,245	0	0
Russian - Single responses	180	185	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	1,065	1,065	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	1,150	1,150	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	155	160	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	995	995	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	1,655	1,650	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	135	135	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	1,515	1,515	0	0
Métis - Total responses	1,190	1,125	70	0
Métis - Single responses	105	100	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	1,090	1,020	65	0
Portuguese - Total responses	435	405	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	275	245	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	160	155	0	0
American - Total responses	435	435	0	0
American - Single responses	15	20	0	0
American - Multiple responses	420	415	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	370	360	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	25	25	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	340	335	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	1,125	1,125	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	210	210	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	915	920	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	735	710	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	215	195	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	515	510	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	27,545	26,815	545	15
Without income	1,085	1,055	0	0
With income	26,465	25,760	535	10
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	2,345	2,325	20	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	1,740	1,725	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	2,665	2,560	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	3,755	3,560	140	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	5,050	4,915	105	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	3,200	3,145	20	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	2,545	2,480	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,920	1,865	50	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	1,740	1,700	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	785	770	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	715	710	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	265	255	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	460	450	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 96	24,628	24,852	23,997	39,106
Average income $^Footnote 97	32,703	32,798	31,063	36,338
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	27,550	26,820	550	15
Without after-tax income	1,075	1,050	0	0
With after-tax income	26,470	25,765	535	15
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	2,455	2,435	15	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	1,745	1,730	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	2,700	2,600	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	3,975	3,765	150	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	5,435	5,300	105	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	3,755	3,685	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	2,905	2,825	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,330	1,305	20	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	1,395	1,355	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	370	365	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	415	410	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	23,528	23,562	21,949	35,778
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	29,120	29,183	28,214	32,702
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	27,550	26,815	550	15
With employment income	17,700	17,330	330	0
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	22,453	22,455	21,787	0
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	30,749	30,775	29,894	0
With wages and salaries	16,120	15,775	305	0
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	23,194	23,257	22,980	0
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	31,634	31,642	31,568	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	15,795	15,435	305	0
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	7,280	7,125	145	0
All others^Footnote 108	8,520	8,305	160	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.