Tabulation: Visible Minority (15), Age Groups (10), Sex (3) and Selected Demographic, Cultural, Labour Force, Educational and Income Characteristics (315) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

• Visible minority (15): Total - Population by visible minority
• Age groups (10): Total - Age groups

This table details visible minority , age groups , sex and selected demographic, cultural, labour force, educational and income characteristics for the population in private households in Okotoks
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 22.9 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (315)	Sex (3)
	Total - Sex	Male	Female
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 2	18,330	9,100	9,230
Married or living with a common-law partner	12,265	6,130	6,135
Married (and not separated)	10,770	5,380	5,395
Living common law	1,495	750	745
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	6,060	2,970	3,090
Single (never legally married)	4,300	2,365	1,935
Separated	440	165	280
Divorced	925	340	580
Widowed	395	100	300
Total - Census family status^Footnote 3	24,425	12,260	12,165
Married spouses	10,720	5,365	5,360
Common-law partners	1,495	755	740
Lone parents	865	225	640
Children in census families	8,980	4,800	4,185
Persons not in census families^Footnote 4	2,355	1,120	1,235
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 5	24,055	12,045	12,015
Non-movers	20,335	10,195	10,145
Movers	3,720	1,850	1,865
Non-migrants	1,710	845	865
Migrants	2,005	1,010	1,000
Internal migrants	1,825	930	900
Intraprovincial migrants	1,530	775	755
Interprovincial migrants	295	150	145
External migrants	185	85	100
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 6	22,410	11,145	11,265
Non-movers	9,645	4,890	4,760
Movers	12,760	6,255	6,510
Non-migrants	3,905	1,875	2,035
Migrants	8,855	4,380	4,475
Internal migrants	7,755	3,815	3,940
Intraprovincial migrants	6,125	2,975	3,140
Interprovincial migrants	1,635	840	800
External migrants	1,100	565	535
Total population by mother tongue^Footnote 7	24,425	12,260	12,165
English	22,830	11,480	11,355
French	310	155	150
Non-official language	1,140	560	580
English and French	40	0	0
English and non-official language	105	45	55
French and non-official language	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total population by language spoken most often at home^Footnote 8	24,425	12,265	12,160
English	23,780	11,940	11,840
French	115	55	65
Non-official language	385	195	190
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language	130	70	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 9	24,425	12,260	12,165
English only	22,905	11,505	11,400
French only	0	0	0
English and French	1,510	750	755
Neither English nor French	15	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 10	14,870	7,875	6,995
English	14,840	7,870	6,970
French	25	0	20
Non-official language	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 11	24,425	12,260	12,160
Canadian citizens	23,005	11,590	11,410
Canadian citizens only	22,475	11,320	11,160
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	530	275	250
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 12	1,420	670	755
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 13	24,425	12,260	12,165
Non-immigrants^Footnote 14	21,485	10,960	10,530
Immigrants^Footnote 15	2,660	1,195	1,465
Before 1971	450	175	275
1971 to 1980	445	185	260
1981 to 1990	245	100	150
1991 to 2000	280	105	170
2001 to 2011^Footnote 16	1,255	635	615
2001 to 2005	325	160	165
2006 to 2011^Footnote 17	930	470	455
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 18	275	110	165
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration^Footnote 19	2,660	1,195	1,470
Under 5 years	410	160	250
5 to 14 years	600	285	310
15 to 24 years	440	165	270
25 to 44 years	1,045	490	550
45 years and over	170	90	85
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	24,425	12,260	12,165
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	21,485	10,955	10,530
Born in province of residence	12,835	6,700	6,130
Born outside province of residence	8,655	4,255	4,400
Immigrants^Footnote 22	2,665	1,195	1,470
Americas	400	180	220
United States	330	145	185
Jamaica	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	0	0
Europe	1,920	860	1,065
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	1,320	590	730
Italy	0	0	0
Germany	145	45	100
Poland	35	0	25
Portugal	0	0	0
Netherlands	135	70	65
France	30	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	0	0
Greece	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
Hungary	25	15	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	35	20	15
Other places of birth in Europe	105	40	60
Africa	90	45	50
Morocco	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	55	30	30
Nigeria	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	205	90	115
India	90	45	45
China^Footnote 24	15	0	0
Philippines	55	20	40
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	45	20	20
Fiji	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	40	25	25
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	275	110	165
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 31	24,425	12,265	12,160
First generation^Footnote 32	3,030	1,365	1,670
Second generation^Footnote 33	3,890	1,985	1,905
Third generation or more^Footnote 34	17,500	8,915	8,590
Total population by selected religions^Footnote 35	24,425	12,265	12,160
Buddhist	45	20	25
Christian	16,945	8,225	8,720
Anglican	1,550	760	790
Baptist	380	170	215
Catholic	5,815	2,920	2,895
Christian Orthodox	150	70	85
Lutheran	660	305	350
Pentecostal	425	210	210
Presbyterian	440	175	270
United Church	2,740	1,330	1,415
Other Christian	4,780	2,285	2,490
Hindu	85	55	35
Jewish	45	25	20
Muslim	20	0	15
Sikh	55	20	35
Traditional (Aboriginal) Spirituality	35	0	20
Other religions	145	80	65
No religious affiliation	7,045	3,815	3,230
Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 36	13,410	6,505	6,900
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,055	545	515
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 37	3,420	1,565	1,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 38	8,930	4,390	4,535
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 39	1,745	1,215	525
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,340	1,465	1,870
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 40	750	335	415
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,095	1,375	1,725
Bachelor's degree	2,370	1,015	1,355
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 41	725	355	365
Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 42	18,325	9,105	9,225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 43	8,090	3,995	4,095
Education	815	190	630
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	235	125	115
Humanities	405	165	245
Social and behavioural sciences and law	795	245	555
Business, management and public administration	2,305	915	1,385
Physical and life sciences and technologies	290	150	140
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	315	190	120
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,645	2,470	170
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210	135	70
Health and related fields^Footnote 44	1,510	210	1,305
Personal, protective and transportation services	715	320	395
Other fields of study^Footnote 45	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence^Footnote 46	18,330	9,105	9,225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,090	3,995	4,095
With postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,240	5,110	5,130
Location of study inside Canada	8,800	4,420	4,380
Same as province or territory of residence	5,985	3,035	2,950
Another province or territory	2,815	1,385	1,430
Location of study outside Canada	1,445	695	750
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 47	18,325	9,105	9,225
In the labour force	13,995	7,465	6,530
Employed	13,185	7,075	6,105
Unemployed	810	385	425
Not in the labour force	4,335	1,640	2,695
Participation rate	76.4	82.0	70.8
Employment rate	72.0	77.7	66.2
Unemployment rate	5.8	5.2	6.5
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker^Footnote 48	13,995	7,460	6,530
Class of worker - not applicable^Footnote 49	190	95	95
All classes of worker^Footnote 50	13,800	7,370	6,435
Employee	12,160	6,410	5,750
Self-employed^Footnote 51	1,640	960	680
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^Footnote 52	13,990	7,465	6,530
Occupation - not applicable^Footnote 53	190	95	95
All occupations^Footnote 54	13,800	7,370	6,435
0 Management occupations	2,010	1,395	620
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,480	655	1,830
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,145	980	170
3 Health occupations	625	60	560
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,515	460	1,050
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	400	130	270
6 Sales and service occupations	2,895	1,185	1,705
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,135	2,005	130
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	345	315	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	260	190	70
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 55	13,990	7,460	6,530
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 56	190	95	95
All industries^Footnote 57	13,805	7,370	6,435
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	90	70	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,020	790	230
22 Utilities	210	190	25
23 Construction	1,665	1,490	175
31-33 Manufacturing	690	565	125
41 Wholesale trade	415	315	95
44-45 Retail trade	1,800	780	1,020
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	605	355	250
51 Information and cultural industries	205	120	85
52 Finance and insurance	455	115	340
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	275	150	120
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,200	705	490
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	390	225	165
61 Educational services	990	210	785
62 Health care and social assistance	1,225	130	1,100
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	300	130	170
72 Accommodation and food services	700	310	395
81 Other services (except public administration)	730	295	435
91 Public administration	835	420	420
Population aged 15 years and over who worked full year, full time and with employment income in 2010^Footnote 58	7,380	4,495	2,885
Median employment income in 2010 $	62,792	76,649	46,859
Average employment income in 2010 $	76,259	91,370	52,732
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 59	18,330	9,100	9,225
Without income	925	370	550
With income	17,405	8,735	8,670
Under $5,000^Footnote 60	1,785	760	1,025
$5,000 to $9,999	1,090	270	815
$10,000 to $14,999	1,125	335	795
$15,000 to $19,999	895	280	620
$20,000 to $29,999	1,815	570	1,245
$30,000 to $39,999	1,730	670	1,055
$40,000 to $49,999	1,640	770	870
$50,000 to $59,999	1,340	670	670
$60,000 to $79,999	2,080	1,315	760
$80,000 to $99,999	1,605	1,195	405
$100,000 and over	2,310	1,895	410
$100,000 to $124,999	930	715	215
$125,000 and over	1,375	1,180	200
Median income $^Footnote 61	41,648	60,061	28,616
Average income $^Footnote 62	56,262	75,929	36,459
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 63	18,330	9,105	9,225
Without after-tax income	930	370	560
With after-tax income	17,400	8,735	8,665
Under $5,000^Footnote 64	1,800	765	1,035
$5,000 to $9,999	1,135	265	870
$10,000 to $14,999	1,155	370	785
$15,000 to $19,999	935	265	670
$20,000 to $29,999	2,145	745	1,405
$30,000 to $39,999	2,220	975	1,245
$40,000 to $49,999	1,950	950	1,000
$50,000 to $59,999	1,530	920	615
$60,000 to $79,999	2,330	1,690	640
$80,000 to $99,999	960	725	230
$100,000 and over	1,245	1,065	175
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 65	36,506	50,390	26,459
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 66	44,827	58,187	31,366
Composition of total income in 2010 of population 15 years and over %^Footnote 67	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income %^Footnote 68	94.5	97.0	89.2
Employment income %^Footnote 69	83.0	86.4	75.9
Wages and salaries %^Footnote 70	80.8	84.2	73.7
Self-employment income %^Footnote 71	2.2	2.1	2.3
Investment income %^Footnote 72	6.2	5.5	7.8
Retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities %^Footnote 73	3.7	3.9	3.1
Other money income %^Footnote 74	1.6	1.3	2.3
Government transfer payments %^Footnote 75	5.5	3.0	10.8
Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits %^Footnote 76	1.6	1.3	2.3
Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement %^Footnote 77	1.0	0.7	1.7
Employment Insurance benefits %^Footnote 78	1.1	0.6	2.0
Child benefits %^Footnote 79	1.3	0.1	4.0
Other income from government sources %^Footnote 80	0.4	0.3	0.7
Income taxes paid as a % of total income^Footnote 81	20.3	23.4	14.0
After-tax income as a % of total income^Footnote 82	79.7	76.6	86.0
Net capital gains or losses as a % of total income^Footnote 83	7.9	10.9	1.8
Total population by income status in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure^Footnote 84	24,425	12,265	12,165
Population for the income status based on after-tax low-income measure	24,425	12,260	12,160
Low-income population	1,530	695	840
Prevalence of low income %	6.3	5.7	6.9
Other population	22,890	11,565	11,325
Concept not applicable^Footnote 85	0	0	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 3

Classification of persons according to whether or not they are members of a census family and the status they have in the census family (a census family is composed of a married couple or two persons living common law, with or without children, or of a lone parent living with at least one child in the same dwelling). A person can be a married spouse, a common-law partner, a lone parent, a child or a person not in a census family.

Footnote 4

Persons not in census families may live with relatives (without forming a census family with them), they may live with non-relatives only or they may live alone.

Footnote 5

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 6

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 7

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Footnote 8

Refers to the language spoken most often at home by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Footnote 9

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 10

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 11

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 12

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 13

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 14

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 15

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 16

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 17

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 18

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 19

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 32

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 33

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 34

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 35

Religion refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination, group, body, sect, cult or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist, agnostic or humanist, or can provide another applicable response.

Footnote 36

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 37

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 38

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 39

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 40

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

Footnote 41

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 42

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.



For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.



For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 43

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 44

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 45

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 46

'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.



Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.



For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 47

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 48

Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business, as well as unpaid family workers.

Footnote 49

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 50

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 51

Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers.

Footnote 52

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 55

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 56

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 57

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 58

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.


Net non-farm income from unincorporated business or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Work activity in 2010 - Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 59

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 60

Including loss.

Footnote 61

For population with income.

Footnote 62

For population with income.

Footnote 63

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 64

Including loss.

Footnote 65

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 66

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 67

Composition of income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

Total income - Total of income from all sources, including employment income, income from government programs, pension income, investment income and any other money income.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 68

Market income - Refers to the sum of employment income (wages and salaries, net farm income and net income from non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities (including those from RRSPs and RRIFs) and other money income. It is equivalent to total income before tax minus all government transfers and is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Footnote 69

Earnings or employment income - Total wages and salaries and net income from self-employment.

Footnote 70

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Footnote 71

Self-employment net income - Refers to the total amount received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as net farm income from self-employment, or net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Footnote 72

Investment income - Refers to interest received during calendar year 2010 from deposits in banks, trust companies, cooperatives, credit unions, caisses populaires, etc., as well as interest on savings certificates, bonds and debentures, and all dividends from both Canadian and foreign corporate stocks and mutual funds. Also included is other investment income from either Canadian or foreign sources, such as net rents from real estate, mortgage and loan interest received, regular income from an estate or trust fund, and interest from insurance policies. Does not include capital gains or losses.

Footnote 73

Retirement pensions - Refers to all regular income received by the respondent during calendar year 2010 as the result of having been a member of a pension plan of one or more employers. It includes payments received from all annuities, including payments from a Registered Retirement Income Fund (RRIF), a matured Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) in the form of a life annuity, a fixed-term annuity, or an income-averaging annuity contract; pensions paid to widow(er)s or other relatives of deceased pensioners; pensions of retired civil servants, Armed Forces personnel and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers; annuity payments received from the Canadian Government Annuities Fund, an insurance company, etc. Does not include lump-sum death benefits, lump-sum benefits or withdrawals from a pension plan or RRSP, or refunds of over-contributions.

Footnote 74

Other money income - Refers to regular cash income received during calendar year 2010 and not reported in any of the other sources listed on the questionnaire. For example, severance pay and retirement allowances, alimony, child support, periodic support from other persons not in the household, income from abroad (excluding dividends and interest), non refundable scholarships, bursaries, fellowships and study grants, and artists' project grants are included.

Footnote 75

Government transfer payments - Refers to all cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during 2010. This variable is derived by summing the amounts reported in:

- the Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance and Allowance for the Survivor
- benefits from Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan
- benefits from Employment Insurance
- child benefits
- other income from government sources.

Footnote 76

Benefits from Canada or Quebec pension plan - Refers to benefits received during calendar year 2010 from the Canada or Quebec Pension Plan (For example, retirement pensions, survivors' benefits and disability pensions). Does not include lump-sum death benefits.

Footnote 77

Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement - Refers to Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements paid to persons aged 65 years and over, and to the Allowance or Allowance for the survivor paid to 60- to 64-year-old spouses of old age security recipients or widow(er)s by the federal government during the calendar year 2010.

Footnote 78

Benefits from employment insurance - Refers to total Employment Insurance benefits received during calendar year 2010, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, work sharing, retraining and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal Employment Insurance Program or the Quebec Parental Insurance Program.

Footnote 79

Child benefits - Refers to payments received under the Canada Child Tax Benefit program during calendar year 2010 by parents with dependent children under 18 years of age. Included with the Canada Child Tax Benefit is the National Child Benefit Supplement (NCBS) for low-income families with children. The NCBS is the federal contribution to the National Child Benefit (NCB), a joint initiative of federal, provincial and territorial governments. Also included in this variable are child benefits, child disability benefits and earned income supplements provided by certain provinces and territories and the Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB).

Footnote 80

Other income from government sources - Refers to all transfer payments, excluding those covered as a separate income source (Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan benefits, Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements, Employment Insurance benefits and child benefits) received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal programs during 2010.

Footnote 81

Income tax paid - Refers to all federal, provincial and territorial taxes paid on 2010 income. Federal, provincial and territorial taxes paid refer to taxes on income, after taking into account exemptions, deductions, non-refundable tax credits and the Quebec abatement. These taxes are obtained from the income tax files for persons who allowed access to their income tax data and from direct responses on the questionnaire for others.

Footnote 82

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial taxes paid for 2010.

Footnote 83

Net capital gains or losses -
Refers to the net gains received or losses incurred during calendar year 2010 from the sale of capital property. This represents the proceeds of disposition minus the adjusted cost base of the property and outlays and expenses incurred to sell the property. Capital property includes depreciable property and any property which, if sold, would result in a capital gain or loss (for example, cottages, buildings and securities such as mutual funds).

Non-taxable capital gains or losses on the sale of a principal residence are excluded.

Net capital gains or losses are not included in the definition of Total income as published in standard products.

Net capital gains or losses are not included in the concept of total income but are expressed here as a percentage to obtain a relative measure of size.

Footnote 84

Low income can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey, the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT).

For this measure, the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale, the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household.

All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status.

Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS), low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns, direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys, administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However, analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e., for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information, refer to the Income Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006.

Footnote 85

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting or fishing) could have made the interpretation of low-income rates more difficult.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011038.