Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Montréal, V
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 20.9 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	1,612,640	387,880	1,048,690	135,895
0 to 4 years	95,705	17,950	62,525	3,695
5 to 9 years	77,070	16,630	53,895	5,750
10 to 14 years	75,060	17,685	48,695	8,555
15 to 19 years	85,780	22,105	52,620	10,840
20 to 24 years	119,620	32,350	75,125	11,540
25 to 29 years	139,940	36,795	90,165	12,160
30 to 34 years	140,365	33,660	91,705	14,225
35 to 39 years	121,295	31,230	75,020	13,885
40 to 44 years	114,825	31,670	69,680	12,050
45 to 49 years	117,140	31,430	74,495	9,420
50 to 54 years	114,855	28,035	77,170	7,715
55 to 59 years	100,485	22,670	69,400	6,245
60 to 64 years	86,500	19,835	58,500	5,780
65 to 69 years	66,185	13,690	46,200	4,065
70 to 74 years	53,215	11,165	35,310	3,810
75 to 79 years	46,650	9,110	30,955	3,250
80 to 84 years	34,685	6,495	22,965	1,995
85 years and over	23,280	5,390	14,260	915
Median age^Footnote 3	37.9	37.7	38.2	35.5
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	1,364,810	335,625	883,575	117,900
Married or living with a common-law partner	660,820	167,520	412,300	64,890
Married (and not separated)	467,865	139,720	252,675	60,030
Living common law	192,955	27,800	159,625	4,860
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	703,985	168,100	471,280	53,010
Single (never legally married)	496,030	121,480	331,520	40,975
Separated	28,945	7,395	18,300	2,455
Divorced	109,500	25,225	75,950	6,575
Widowed	69,515	14,000	45,505	3,005
Total population in private households by mother tongue	1,612,640	387,875	1,048,690	135,895
Single responses	1,563,190	371,780	1,018,545	132,680
English	202,165	201,395	770	0
French	802,425	745	801,680	0
Non-official languages	558,595	169,640	216,095	132,680
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	135	90	40	10
Cree, n.o.s.	65	50	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	25	0	20	0
Inuktitut	50	40	10	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	485,180	149,340	183,560	116,680
Arabic	84,305	10,140	51,000	18,635
Bengali	9,625	4,995	645	2,980
Cantonese	6,220	2,350	1,065	1,360
Chinese, n.o.s.	27,235	11,305	5,150	6,180
Creoles	40,070	1,220	33,135	4,805
Dutch	890	540	220	130
German	4,710	3,125	920	600
Greek	19,410	12,660	650	4,305
Gujarati	4,280	2,450	270	1,070
Hindi	1,535	1,015	35	385
Hungarian	2,790	1,675	490	455
Italian	77,165	36,630	20,490	15,320
Korean	2,685	1,465	285	715
Mandarin	7,280	3,810	1,020	1,740
Panjabi (Punjabi)	6,950	4,050	230	1,635
Persian (Farsi)	9,505	4,110	1,165	3,660
Polish	8,125	4,050	1,595	2,195
Portuguese	16,220	3,570	7,510	4,135
Romanian	13,690	1,465	5,390	6,195
Russian	13,965	3,905	3,930	4,970
Serbian	940	365	245	305
Spanish	72,810	8,560	38,075	21,035
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	12,110	10,330	110	1,535
Tamil	12,415	6,865	940	3,430
Ukrainian	2,490	1,250	505	655
Urdu	6,760	4,155	410	1,465
Vietnamese	20,990	3,280	8,090	6,800
Other languages^Footnote 7	73,285	20,210	32,495	15,995
Multiple responses	49,450	16,095	30,140	3,215
English and French	6,110	1,770	2,060	2,280
English and non-official language	13,935	13,760	170	0
French and non-official language	27,715	185	27,525	0
English, French and non-official language	1,695	375	390	935
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	1,612,640	387,875	1,048,685	135,895
English only	162,960	162,960	0	0
French only	494,150	0	494,150	0
English and French	913,615	224,300	553,475	135,835
Neither English nor French	41,920	615	1,065	60
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	1,612,640	387,880	1,048,690	135,895
Single responses	1,525,405	361,750	994,175	129,300
English	300,510	277,810	22,700	0
French	882,515	12,870	869,640	0
Non-official languages	342,385	71,070	101,835	129,300
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	50	30	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	35	25	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	15	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	304,065	62,915	91,100	114,340
Arabic	48,895	5,155	20,685	18,515
Bengali	8,165	3,740	480	2,945
Cantonese	4,775	1,405	520	1,345
Chinese, n.o.s.	22,815	8,395	3,705	6,140
Creoles	17,910	295	12,075	4,630
Dutch	185	60	0	105
German	965	340	55	510
Greek	11,760	5,515	210	4,240
Gujarati	3,135	1,500	125	1,015
Hindi	1,025	525	0	390
Hungarian	1,135	490	95	390
Italian	33,960	1,880	13,005	14,365
Korean	1,855	875	60	695
Mandarin	6,300	3,055	745	1,790
Panjabi (Punjabi)	5,465	2,820	115	1,555
Persian (Farsi)	7,195	2,315	655	3,640
Polish	3,945	1,160	375	2,130
Portuguese	8,920	535	3,545	3,845
Romanian	10,485	405	3,360	6,085
Russian	10,905	2,165	2,515	5,050
Serbian	515	110	85	295
Spanish	51,505	3,295	22,075	20,955
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,980	6,255	40	1,530
Tamil	10,600	5,375	715	3,325
Ukrainian	1,350	410	240	620
Urdu	4,910	2,445	220	1,470
Vietnamese	17,410	2,405	5,360	6,760
Other languages^Footnote 11	38,275	8,125	10,720	14,960
Multiple responses	87,235	26,125	54,510	6,595
English and French	9,455	1,775	3,930	3,750
English and non-official language	23,895	23,225	670	0
French and non-official language	49,770	680	49,095	0
English, French and non-official language	4,105	450	815	2,845
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	1,612,645	387,875	1,048,690	135,900
None	1,153,720	246,290	808,255	62,250
English	132,155	32,350	78,665	20,545
French	142,195	43,260	61,660	35,865
Non-official language	148,235	55,330	89,025	2,845
Aboriginal	90	60	25	0
Non-Aboriginal	148,140	55,270	89,000	2,835
English and French	15,640	710	1,270	13,505
English and non-official language	9,610	690	8,655	255
French and non-official language	10,600	9,180	1,150	235
English, French and non-official language	485	70	0	395
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	752,480	221,945	356,355	133,995
Aboriginal languages	480	260	210	10
Algonquin	25	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	140	105	35	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	55	0	50	0
Ojibway	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	80	60	15	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	135	65	65	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	752,075	221,725	356,185	133,980
Italian	110,095	51,530	36,660	17,145
Portuguese	22,260	5,260	11,375	4,595
Romanian	15,760	1,955	6,695	6,435
Spanish	151,610	23,175	97,480	25,625
Dutch	1,770	855	745	165
Flemish	225	80	140	0
German	17,080	7,190	8,200	1,620
Yiddish	8,210	5,400	105	1,790
Danish	250	200	30	20
Norwegian	315	210	95	0
Swedish	830	500	250	80
Afrikaans	165	135	20	0
Gaelic languages	130	90	25	0
Bosnian	370	145	135	65
Bulgarian	3,940	575	1,420	1,730
Croatian	995	575	245	155
Czech	810	480	205	120
Macedonian	175	50	50	65
Polish	9,835	4,800	2,425	2,330
Russian	21,660	5,855	7,305	7,175
Serbian	1,120	485	290	325
Serbo-Croatian	760	240	250	240
Slovak	550	370	130	45
Slovenian	385	325	25	25
Ukrainian	4,135	1,985	905	1,095
Latvian	200	155	0	40
Lithuanian	450	275	95	60
Greek	23,965	15,805	1,850	4,500
Armenian	7,075	2,180	1,415	3,165
Albanian	1,995	555	785	505
Estonian	100	65	0	0
Finnish	265	145	110	0
Hungarian	3,590	2,260	590	565
Turkish	6,855	1,795	2,770	1,720
Berber languages (Kabyle)	5,225	25	4,530	570
Oromo	6,515	75	5,550	680
Somali	670	80	400	140
Amharic	645	325	100	175
Arabic	124,810	14,595	84,485	20,995
Hebrew	7,850	4,965	1,715	1,090
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	200	110	0	75
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	75	45	15	0
Bengali	10,580	5,685	930	2,965
Gujarati	5,060	3,135	385	1,060
Hindi	7,890	5,685	285	1,555
Konkani	135	130	0	0
Marathi	125	115	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	8,720	5,485	340	1,840
Sindhi	185	95	65	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	670	575	20	65
Urdu	9,845	6,360	600	1,955
Nepali	300	185	30	80
Kurdish	585	105	210	215
Pashto	835	265	205	245
Persian (Farsi)	11,230	4,830	1,795	3,985
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	430	290	80	40
Kannada	185	175	0	0
Malayalam	125	115	0	0
Tamil	14,200	8,030	1,485	3,495
Telugu	350	305	0	0
Japanese	3,235	1,585	1,225	370
Korean	3,060	1,720	395	725
Cantonese	8,025	3,350	1,425	1,645
Fukien	50	45	0	0
Hakka	70	30	20	0
Mandarin	10,955	5,560	2,130	2,185
Taiwanese	325	195	0	100
Chinese, n.o.s.	30,370	12,390	6,650	6,660
Lao	1,935	145	1,210	390
Thai	790	300	285	165
Khmer (Cambodian)	7,440	790	4,490	1,190
Vietnamese	26,205	4,140	11,210	7,415
Bisayan languages	720	620	20	70
Ilocano	1,470	1,290	0	115
Malay	885	605	150	85
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	18,350	16,155	215	1,780
Akan (Twi)	1,210	845	120	240
Lingala	4,585	20	4,380	165
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,390	35	1,235	120
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	1,460	60	1,260	100
Swahili	2,310	250	1,815	230
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	2,370	405	1,820	130
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5,570	375	4,940	220
African languages, n.i.e.	1,150	205	840	115
Creoles	63,835	2,530	55,535	4,860
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	11,365	1,925	7,785	1,290
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	1,592,470	384,540	1,035,980	135,415
Non-movers	1,348,060	325,860	875,270	116,180
Movers	244,410	58,685	160,710	19,235
Non-migrants	170,845	40,010	114,080	13,590
Migrants	73,565	18,675	46,630	5,650
Internal migrants	37,295	9,570	26,015	1,390
Intraprovincial migrants	29,840	4,410	24,230	975
Interprovincial migrants	7,455	5,155	1,785	415
External migrants	36,270	9,105	20,615	4,255
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	1,516,940	369,925	986,165	132,200
Non-movers	821,010	207,405	525,400	70,010
Movers	695,925	162,525	460,765	62,190
Non-migrants	438,940	98,755	299,865	35,280
Migrants	256,985	63,775	160,895	26,915
Internal migrants	111,700	28,425	79,015	3,780
Intraprovincial migrants	89,560	12,910	73,600	2,705
Interprovincial migrants	22,140	15,515	5,415	1,075
External migrants	145,290	35,350	81,880	23,140
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	1,612,640	387,880	1,048,690	135,895
Canadian citizens	1,397,345	330,980	933,785	103,310
Canadian citizens only	1,295,650	307,755	877,680	84,480
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	101,695	23,220	56,105	18,825
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	215,295	56,895	114,905	32,590
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	1,612,640	387,875	1,048,690	135,895
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	1,025,365	221,315	762,025	31,290
Born in province of residence	967,265	185,785	740,855	30,150
Born outside province of residence	58,100	35,530	21,170	1,140
Immigrants^Footnote 22	538,285	149,095	262,050	99,655
Americas	124,210	27,805	72,685	20,450
United States	10,140	6,825	2,585	705
Jamaica	3,245	3,230	0	0
Guyana	1,625	1,615	0	0
Haiti	44,220	795	39,345	3,390
Mexico	9,355	1,555	4,660	2,655
Trinidad and Tobago	2,640	2,635	0	0
Colombia	7,445	940	3,740	2,400
El Salvador	6,375	600	3,540	1,955
Peru	6,850	485	4,185	1,790
Chile	3,990	290	2,645	920
Other places of birth in Americas	28,330	8,830	11,965	6,635
Europe	149,970	41,200	69,350	30,895
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	4,515	4,220	200	75
Italy	42,845	10,180	17,250	10,990
Germany	3,105	1,915	820	365
Poland	6,325	3,225	1,325	1,535
Portugal	8,940	1,625	4,895	1,635
Netherlands	620	445	125	50
France	27,940	475	27,250	195
Romania	11,010	1,665	4,070	5,060
Russian Federation	5,950	1,970	1,680	1,970
Greece	10,785	6,850	405	1,895
Ukraine	4,130	1,340	1,170	1,435
Croatia	680	390	140	125
Hungary	2,085	1,410	270	295
Bosnia and Herzegovina	965	305	365	260
Serbia	640	290	160	180
Ireland, Republic of	390	355	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	19,035	4,535	9,185	4,830
Africa	108,215	8,215	85,675	13,225
Morocco	28,820	665	23,445	4,280
Algeria	33,265	315	29,335	3,355
Egypt	8,755	2,420	4,310	1,885
South Africa, Republic of	280	230	35	0
Nigeria	680	600	55	25
Ethiopia	565	290	105	155
Kenya	260	175	45	40
Other places of birth in Africa	35,590	3,520	28,350	3,480
Asia	155,365	71,480	34,220	35,075
India	10,045	7,355	235	1,520
China^Footnote 24	24,910	11,705	3,670	5,125
Philippines	16,065	14,125	175	1,605
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	2,445	1,605	160	480
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	18,745	3,165	7,260	5,275
Pakistan	6,240	4,230	280	1,325
Sri Lanka	8,930	6,180	405	1,580
Iran^Footnote 26	7,110	3,255	940	2,620
Korea, South^Footnote 27	2,015	1,065	255	530
Lebanon	18,635	3,100	9,725	5,090
Taiwan	1,160	670	210	240
Iraq	1,740	905	300	345
Bangladesh	6,895	4,420	280	1,735
Afghanistan	1,280	300	250	575
Japan	1,065	615	220	205
Turkey	4,325	1,135	1,580	1,180
Other places of birth in Asia	23,745	7,655	8,290	5,635
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	530	400	110	15
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	490	365	115	15
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	48,995	17,470	24,620	4,950
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	141,315	30,685	80,265	24,465
Americas	33,485	6,425	18,465	7,130
United States	3,310	1,955	1,080	245
Mexico	5,750	1,025	2,835	1,495
Cuba	920	85	465	295
Haiti	10,195	310	8,760	920
Jamaica	105	105	0	0
Brazil	2,005	240	740	980
Colombia	3,785	480	1,760	1,350
Guyana	75	75	0	0
Peru	1,820	135	930	630
Venezuela^Footnote 32	1,140	205	345	545
Other places of birth in Americas	4,370	1,815	1,555	670
Europe	23,260	3,315	14,650	4,505
France	9,075	110	8,910	35
Germany	335	115	170	55
Poland	190	85	60	35
Romania	2,895	340	1,105	1,335
Moldova^Footnote 33	2,965	255	1,575	1,015
Russian Federation	1,655	460	590	475
Ukraine	1,170	295	405	365
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	535	470	50	0
Other places of birth in Europe	4,445	1,180	1,800	1,190
Africa	49,625	2,610	40,645	5,570
Nigeria	300	270	15	0
Ethiopia	120	75	15	35
Mauritius	945	125	640	185
Somalia	40	20	0	0
Algeria	16,290	175	14,460	1,410
Egypt	1,875	735	535	525
Morocco	13,420	160	10,810	2,135
Tunisia	2,775	50	2,040	635
Cameroon	2,245	255	1,975	20
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	1,460	0	1,340	95
South Africa, Republic of	65	50	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10,085	675	8,800	530
Asia	34,805	18,225	6,475	7,255
Philippines	5,545	4,730	60	720
China^Footnote 35	7,640	3,565	1,455	1,675
India	2,375	1,630	55	425
Pakistan	1,530	1,015	90	300
Iran^Footnote 36	2,320	1,065	245	900
South Korea^Footnote 37	525	280	65	155
Sri Lanka	1,595	1,140	100	185
Iraq	570	235	150	50
Bangladesh	1,365	915	85	230
Lebanon	3,880	585	2,170	1,035
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	980	260	415	145
Taiwan	180	120	35	30
Afghanistan	435	130	35	230
Japan	445	245	65	120
Turkey	930	415	215	175
Israel	310	145	75	85
Nepal	100	45	0	45
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	75	55	0	0
United Arab Emirates	205	110	45	40
Saudi Arabia	425	310	80	20
Syria^Footnote 39	915	275	340	170
Other places of birth in Asia	2,440	955	680	520
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	135	105	25	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	1,612,640	387,875	1,048,685	135,900
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	1,025,370	221,315	762,025	31,295
Immigrants^Footnote 43	538,280	149,095	262,045	99,655
Before 1971	79,795	31,330	28,220	14,190
1971 to 1980	55,150	17,370	26,520	8,640
1981 to 1990	70,420	18,925	33,195	13,185
1991 to 2000	108,550	31,720	50,105	21,060
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	224,365	49,750	124,010	42,580
2001 to 2005	83,045	19,065	43,750	18,115
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	141,315	30,685	80,260	24,465
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	48,995	17,470	24,615	4,945
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	1,612,640	387,875	1,048,690	135,900
First generation^Footnote 48	591,975	168,165	289,405	104,850
Second generation^Footnote 49	305,580	120,960	145,330	29,080
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	715,090	98,750	613,955	1,965
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	1,612,645	387,880	1,048,690	135,900
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	9,510	2,520	6,845	125
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	5,080	1,645	3,355	80
Métis single identity	3,250	530	2,710	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	355	190	170	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	220	45	175	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	595	120	445	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,603,130	385,355	1,041,840	135,775
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	1,612,640	387,875	1,048,685	135,900
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	2,670	895	1,720	50
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,609,970	386,990	1,046,970	135,845
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	1,364,810	335,620	883,580	117,900
In the labour force	862,805	215,295	566,835	74,510
Employed	776,540	192,860	513,880	64,995
Unemployed	86,270	22,435	52,955	9,515
Not in the labour force	502,000	120,325	316,740	43,390
Participation rate	63.2	64.1	64.2	63.2
Employment rate	56.9	57.5	58.2	55.1
Unemployment rate	10.0	10.4	9.3	12.8
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	862,810	215,300	566,835	74,505
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	37,245	8,895	22,895	4,650
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	825,560	206,405	543,935	69,855
Employee	741,545	183,540	490,630	62,615
Self-employed	84,015	22,865	53,310	7,240
Self-employed (incorporated)	29,260	8,270	18,010	2,800
Without paid help	15,595	3,710	10,325	1,450
With paid help	13,670	4,555	7,685	1,345
Self-employed (unincorporated)	53,450	14,140	34,625	4,300
Without paid help	43,205	10,575	29,290	3,080
With paid help	10,240	3,565	5,330	1,215
Unpaid family worker	1,300	455	675	145
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	862,805	215,295	566,830	74,505
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	37,250	8,890	22,895	4,650
All occupations^Footnote 61	825,560	206,405	543,935	69,855
0 Management occupations	79,555	23,040	49,725	6,510
00 Senior management occupations	12,565	3,165	8,730	650
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	30,395	8,670	19,925	1,755
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	26,830	8,015	15,445	3,220
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	9,770	3,190	5,630	885
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	148,490	37,360	99,790	10,980
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	33,420	8,505	22,555	2,325
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	51,340	11,845	36,275	3,125
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	6,135	1,775	3,670	680
14 Office support occupations	38,875	10,455	24,865	3,435
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	18,720	4,780	12,425	1,410
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	70,655	17,270	45,105	8,160
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	43,880	10,835	27,915	5,070
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	26,775	6,435	17,190	3,085
3 Health occupations	53,750	10,745	38,310	4,580
30 Professional occupations in nursing	11,850	2,295	8,610	930
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	12,915	2,640	8,975	1,290
32 Technical occupations in health	14,020	2,550	10,145	1,285
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	14,970	3,265	10,575	1,070
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	106,520	26,685	73,270	6,345
40 Professional occupations in education services	42,790	12,030	28,190	2,515
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	25,425	5,455	18,945	985
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	23,845	4,405	17,425	1,960
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	2,910	540	2,225	150
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	11,550	4,260	6,480	735
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45,220	10,460	32,860	1,850
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	19,870	4,890	14,330	630
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25,345	5,570	18,535	1,215
6 Sales and service occupations	210,115	54,315	132,815	20,660
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	16,975	4,880	10,580	1,460
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	30,805	8,880	17,425	3,440
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	38,655	10,530	24,310	3,685
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	51,915	12,480	34,020	5,260
66 Sales support occupations	27,075	6,090	18,110	2,710
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	44,690	11,455	28,365	4,105
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	71,930	15,980	48,640	6,765
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	22,840	4,845	15,945	1,875
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	12,550	2,640	8,705	1,115
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	10,945	2,990	7,165	660
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	20,125	4,405	13,045	2,585
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	5,470	1,105	3,770	540
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,820	1,030	2,445	255
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	400	110	260	35
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	925	120	645	100
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	2,495	800	1,535	130
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	35,515	9,515	20,980	3,750
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	3,645	620	2,605	405
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	14,535	3,995	8,145	1,595
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	7,440	2,345	4,150	815
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	9,900	2,550	6,085	935
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	862,805	215,295	566,830	74,510
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	37,250	8,890	22,895	4,650
All industries^Footnote 64	825,560	206,405	543,935	69,860
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,980	370	1,345	195
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	660	195	430	35
22 Utilities	4,930	360	4,370	185
23 Construction	26,745	6,245	18,295	2,085
31-33 Manufacturing	78,250	22,030	46,275	8,385
41 Wholesale trade	39,195	13,510	21,900	3,510
44-45 Retail trade	90,690	21,820	59,220	9,135
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	35,295	9,825	21,580	3,750
51 Information and cultural industries	36,970	7,900	26,750	2,300
52 Finance and insurance	39,275	10,280	25,675	3,260
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15,505	4,070	10,000	1,375
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	83,590	21,320	55,500	6,620
55 Management of companies and enterprises	930	300	535	85
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	42,325	10,430	27,060	4,505
61 Educational services	71,050	19,695	46,935	4,315
62 Health care and social assistance	101,065	20,600	72,720	7,485
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	21,195	4,995	15,320	855
72 Accommodation and food services	58,645	17,575	33,195	6,560
81 Other services (except public administration)	38,095	10,270	24,685	2,830
91 Public administration	39,175	4,605	32,155	2,395
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	776,535	192,855	513,880	64,990
Usual place of work	664,720	163,510	441,380	55,955
Work in CSD of residence	549,940	127,855	373,500	45,475
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	56,690	25,005	25,855	5,565
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	55,775	9,665	40,960	4,665
Work in a different province	2,315	985	1,065	250
Worked at home	45,940	12,620	29,710	3,150
Worked outside Canada	3,145	935	1,765	370
No fixed workplace address	62,735	15,790	41,020	5,530
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	727,455	179,300	482,405	61,480
Car, truck or van - as a driver	350,780	87,195	231,130	30,920
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	21,260	6,615	12,615	1,680
Public transit	263,880	63,475	175,160	23,215
Walked	61,870	15,530	41,690	4,350
Bicycle	22,935	4,715	17,445	760
Other methods	6,740	1,775	4,360	550
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	898,020	225,700	589,395	76,795
English	213,670	149,415	43,910	19,270
French	574,025	41,540	493,290	37,940
Non-official language	13,090	3,965	3,320	2,575
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	13,080	3,965	3,320	2,565
English and French	87,020	27,310	44,900	14,630
English and non-official language	2,675	1,875	165	400
French and non-official language	2,475	145	1,870	335
English, French and non-official language	5,070	1,445	1,940	1,655
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	898,020	225,700	589,395	76,795
None	509,980	122,580	346,360	36,210
English	247,965	30,370	195,650	21,540
French	106,855	61,335	33,645	11,570
Non-official language	22,375	8,305	8,930	4,590
Aboriginal	55	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	22,320	8,275	8,915	4,580
English and French	755	240	125	370
English and non-official language	6,665	975	3,935	1,745
French and non-official language	3,375	1,890	730	755
English, French and non-official language	45	0	20	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	1,364,810	335,620	883,575	117,900
No certificate, diploma or degree	273,360	53,665	178,335	22,130
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	283,135	84,405	171,140	23,100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	808,315	197,555	534,100	72,670
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	140,785	26,275	103,190	10,150
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	99,250	17,445	73,950	7,055
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	41,535	8,830	29,240	3,095
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	206,890	53,580	135,895	16,620
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	77,685	17,465	52,825	6,805
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	382,955	100,235	242,195	39,095
Bachelor's degree	225,405	60,300	142,150	22,055
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	42,260	10,270	26,535	5,275
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	9,895	2,300	6,150	1,375
Master's degree	86,490	21,455	56,205	8,570
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	18,905	5,915	11,155	1,830
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	808,315	197,550	534,100	72,665
Education	45,675	10,150	32,515	2,710
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	57,340	13,475	40,965	2,750
Humanities	64,055	16,875	42,070	4,860
Social and behavioural sciences and law	106,855	27,590	70,345	8,430
Business, management and public administration	179,820	44,660	117,900	16,485
Physical and life sciences and technologies	38,205	10,835	22,860	4,435
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	43,250	11,410	26,505	5,160
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	137,935	32,675	87,720	16,455
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	7,795	1,600	5,365	785
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	90,695	20,640	61,815	7,845
Personal, protective and transportation services	36,570	7,615	25,950	2,740
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	120	20	95	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	808,315	197,550	534,100	72,665
Inside Canada	618,110	141,065	439,450	37,140
Newfoundland and Labrador	270	235	20	0
Prince Edward Island	140	110	20	0
Nova Scotia	1,855	1,535	285	40
New Brunswick	1,980	630	1,285	65
Quebec	592,305	125,800	429,925	36,145
Ontario	16,660	9,100	6,870	690
Manitoba	650	420	185	45
Saskatchewan	420	335	75	0
Alberta	1,280	1,030	210	30
British Columbia	2,465	1,845	530	80
Yukon	40	0	25	0
Northwest Territories	15	0	15	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	190,205	56,485	94,645	35,525
Total population in private households by visible minority	1,612,645	387,875	1,048,690	135,900
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	510,665	146,125	259,315	78,670
South Asian^Footnote 82	53,515	32,945	4,940	11,065
Chinese	46,845	21,675	9,610	9,265
Black	147,100	31,745	107,435	6,715
Filipino	21,750	19,315	420	1,795
Latin American	67,160	8,030	36,590	17,945
Arab	102,625	10,815	71,490	16,370
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	39,570	7,330	19,580	8,705
West Asian^Footnote 84	12,155	4,735	2,445	4,235
Korean	3,335	1,900	505	710
Japanese	2,025	1,275	460	245
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	4,435	2,015	1,920	415
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	10,150	4,345	3,925	1,205
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	1,101,980	241,750	789,375	57,230
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	1,612,645	387,880	1,048,690	135,900
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	1,166,070	260,230	754,530	115,535
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	446,570	127,645	294,160	20,360
Canadian - Total responses	496,290	55,830	436,705	2,935
Canadian - Single responses	298,545	20,550	276,985	715
Canadian - Multiple responses	197,740	35,280	159,725	2,220
English- Total responses	55,330	39,050	15,305	935
English - Single responses	8,805	7,115	1,560	130
English - Multiple responses	46,520	31,935	13,740	810
French - Total responses	350,890	28,555	319,920	2,190
French - Single responses	130,965	1,690	129,100	120
French - Multiple responses	219,925	26,860	190,815	2,070
Scottish - Total responses	44,880	29,120	15,405	360
Scottish - Single responses	4,955	3,005	1,940	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	39,925	26,115	13,460	345
Irish - Total responses	85,475	37,825	47,100	540
Irish - Single responses	12,280	4,585	7,675	0
Irish - Multiple responses	73,200	33,240	39,420	525
German - Total responses	32,935	15,785	15,615	1,375
German - Single responses	4,980	2,685	1,875	400
German - Multiple responses	27,955	13,100	13,740	975
Italian - Total responses	147,060	68,040	56,340	17,770
Italian - Single responses	97,585	49,690	28,255	14,995
Italian - Multiple responses	49,470	18,350	28,090	2,780
Chinese - Total responses	58,435	24,755	14,970	11,305
Chinese - Single responses	46,155	20,485	9,420	9,585
Chinese - Multiple responses	12,280	4,270	5,550	1,720
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	32,715	4,850	27,585	260
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	4,500	450	3,995	50
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	28,220	4,400	23,585	215
Ukrainian - Total responses	14,070	7,295	4,080	2,235
Ukrainian - Single responses	4,180	2,035	1,085	910
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	9,885	5,260	2,995	1,320
East Indian - Total responses	26,990	18,135	3,250	3,880
East Indian - Single responses	19,020	12,905	1,485	3,105
East Indian - Multiple responses	7,980	5,230	1,775	780
Dutch - Total responses	6,620	3,955	2,330	300
Dutch - Single responses	1,070	715	315	40
Dutch - Multiple responses	5,545	3,245	2,015	265
Polish- Total responses	26,280	15,105	7,515	3,205
Polish - Single responses	9,595	5,150	2,165	2,015
Polish - Multiple responses	16,680	9,955	5,350	1,190
Filipino - Total responses	23,300	20,665	460	1,930
Filipino - Single responses	19,170	17,095	200	1,635
Filipino - Multiple responses	4,125	3,570	260	295
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	8,580	7,360	1,130	85
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	1,260	1,170	85	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	7,325	6,195	1,045	85
Russian- Total responses	21,115	10,445	5,470	4,350
Russian - Single responses	6,995	2,640	1,960	1,980
Russian - Multiple responses	14,115	7,805	3,510	2,370
Welsh - Total responses	3,325	2,930	385	0
Welsh - Single responses	200	180	20	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	3,125	2,745	365	0
Norwegian - Total responses	2,070	1,465	555	45
Norwegian - Single responses	205	130	75	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	1,865	1,330	480	0
Métis - Total responses	3,360	625	2,715	15
Métis - Single responses	535	70	460	0
Métis - Multiple responses	2,825	560	2,255	10
Portuguese - Total responses	24,385	7,640	12,065	3,685
Portuguese - Single responses	14,990	4,020	7,485	2,645
Portuguese - Multiple responses	9,395	3,620	4,580	1,045
American - Total responses	11,330	5,915	5,060	300
American - Single responses	1,275	740	520	0
American - Multiple responses	10,055	5,175	4,535	290
Spanish - Total responses	34,695	8,245	19,375	6,170
Spanish - Single responses	9,220	1,740	5,000	2,055
Spanish - Multiple responses	25,475	6,500	14,375	4,115
Swedish - Total responses	2,190	1,540	550	90
Swedish - Single responses	210	165	30	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	1,980	1,375	520	80
Hungarian - Total responses	9,425	5,950	1,975	1,115
Hungarian - Single responses	3,170	2,090	510	420
Hungarian - Multiple responses	6,255	3,860	1,465	690
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	1,364,810	335,620	883,575	117,900
Without income	69,385	18,840	39,445	9,710
With income	1,295,420	316,785	844,130	108,190
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	137,355	42,145	77,125	15,430
$5,000 to $9,999	122,365	31,345	75,330	12,150
$10,000 to $14,999	155,170	37,400	96,210	13,835
$15,000 to $19,999	146,555	34,895	93,900	12,185
$20,000 to $29,999	200,690	48,730	129,270	18,410
$30,000 to $39,999	164,405	36,890	112,370	13,735
$40,000 to $49,999	115,705	25,895	81,315	8,035
$50,000 to $59,999	77,840	17,000	55,965	4,645
$60,000 to $79,999	88,495	20,275	62,665	5,270
$80,000 to $99,999	38,330	9,230	26,830	2,195
$100,000 and over	48,520	12,980	33,155	2,285
$100,000 to $124,999	21,735	5,685	15,005	970
$125,000 and over	26,780	7,295	18,150	1,320
Median income $^Footnote 96	23,757	22,059	25,683	20,196
Average income $^Footnote 97	33,859	32,904	35,419	28,573
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	1,364,805	335,625	883,575	117,900
Without after-tax income	69,255	18,750	39,445	9,670
With after-tax income	1,295,555	316,870	844,130	108,230
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	140,065	42,790	78,970	15,595
$5,000 to $9,999	123,850	31,645	76,385	12,240
$10,000 to $14,999	157,850	38,200	97,760	14,120
$15,000 to $19,999	160,390	38,490	102,745	13,515
$20,000 to $29,999	244,060	57,680	160,740	21,180
$30,000 to $39,999	188,450	41,700	130,760	14,620
$40,000 to $49,999	116,520	25,970	82,475	7,690
$50,000 to $59,999	67,300	15,545	47,565	3,975
$60,000 to $79,999	57,065	13,975	39,655	3,305
$80,000 to $99,999	19,230	5,200	13,065	905
$100,000 and over	20,785	5,665	14,010	1,085
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	22,369	21,030	23,860	19,491
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	28,286	27,474	29,407	24,864
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	1,364,810	335,620	883,575	117,895
With employment income	868,495	214,300	575,615	72,630
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	26,983	25,003	28,765	21,780
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	36,208	35,347	37,544	29,528
With wages and salaries	811,535	199,045	539,290	67,745
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	27,774	25,675	29,415	22,415
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	35,661	35,109	36,828	29,259
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	862,810	215,295	566,830	74,505
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	415,390	105,870	274,020	33,155
All others^Footnote 108	447,415	109,425	292,810	41,355

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.