Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Deux-Montagnes^{Footnote 1}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 12.4 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 3	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	94,580	6,640	86,820	980
0 to 4 years	6,100	330	5,690	35
5 to 9 years	5,370	305	5,000	65
10 to 14 years	5,585	385	5,105	95
15 to 19 years	6,775	505	6,195	75
20 to 24 years	5,465	325	5,080	45
25 to 29 years	5,360	315	5,005	40
30 to 34 years	6,775	495	6,170	105
35 to 39 years	6,455	460	5,850	150
40 to 44 years	6,780	530	6,145	105
45 to 49 years	8,175	665	7,425	85
50 to 54 years	8,135	525	7,555	55
55 to 59 years	6,685	450	6,175	45
60 to 64 years	5,815	485	5,290	20
65 to 69 years	4,255	310	3,915	0
70 to 74 years	2,850	215	2,595	25
75 to 79 years	2,035	160	1,860	0
80 to 84 years	1,275	105	1,150	0
85 years and over	685	70	595	0
Median age^Footnote 4	39.5	42.1	39.4	36.1
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	77,520	5,625	71,025	785
Married or living with a common-law partner	47,105	3,410	43,105	545
Married (and not separated)	27,145	2,540	24,090	465
Living common law	19,965	870	19,010	80
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	30,410	2,210	27,920	235
Single (never legally married)	20,500	1,350	18,970	170
Separated	1,195	90	1,095	0
Divorced	5,410	455	4,905	45
Widowed	3,310	320	2,950	25
Total population in private households by mother tongue	94,580	6,645	86,825	975
Single responses	93,940	6,490	86,440	875
English	5,565	5,535	25	0
French	84,310	30	84,280	0
Non-official languages	4,065	925	2,135	875
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	3,215	775	1,560	780
Arabic	535	65	285	160
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	50	25	0	0
Creoles	120	0	100	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	120	60	40	0
Greek	170	165	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	20	0	0
Italian	265	70	165	20
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	0	0	15
Polish	160	65	60	25
Portuguese	160	30	100	0
Romanian	420	0	180	225
Russian	195	55	35	105
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	700	75	475	145
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	50	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	0	35	45
Other languages^Footnote 8	840	150	570	95
Multiple responses	640	155	385	100
English and French	300	60	135	105
English and non-official language	95	90	0	0
French and non-official language	245	0	245	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 9	94,580	6,640	86,825	980
English only	1,655	1,650	0	0
French only	47,520	0	47,520	0
English and French	45,245	4,980	39,290	980
Neither English nor French	155	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	94,580	6,645	86,825	975
Single responses	93,560	6,460	86,145	830
English	6,095	5,260	830	0
French	85,875	965	84,910	0
Non-official languages	1,600	225	405	830
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	1,425	215	365	735
Arabic	290	0	100	155
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	20	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	30	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	0	0	0
Italian	20	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	0	0
Polish	50	0	0	25
Portuguese	45	0	0	0
Romanian	300	0	65	220
Russian	180	50	25	105
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	340	0	155	145
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	0	0	45
Other languages^Footnote 12	175	0	45	95
Multiple responses	1,020	185	680	150
English and French	290	50	115	130
English and non-official language	135	135	0	0
French and non-official language	570	0	565	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	0	15
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	94,580	6,645	86,825	980
None	84,400	3,990	79,865	440
English	5,555	665	4,820	60
French	2,670	1,495	790	375
Non-official language	1,600	405	1,175	0
Aboriginal	35	30	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,565	375	1,175	0
English and French	100	0	0	90
English and non-official language	170	0	165	0
French and non-official language	75	75	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 13	7,295	1,420	4,870	875
Aboriginal languages	90	60	30	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	85	55	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,205	1,360	4,835	875
Italian	695	200	435	50
Portuguese	225	40	145	20
Romanian	440	0	195	220
Spanish	2,820	265	2,350	200
Dutch	20	0	15	0
Flemish	35	0	0	0
German	310	105	165	35
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	35	0	35	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	50	0	15	30
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	195	75	80	35
Russian	250	60	60	130
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	235	195	40	0
Armenian	55	20	25	0
Albanian	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	65	35	10	25
Turkish	35	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	70	0	75	0
Oromo	30	0	25	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	925	85	645	165
Hebrew	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	20	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	35	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	50	10	0	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	0	15	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	0	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	0	25	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	75	25	10	0
Lao	220	0	200	0
Thai	25	15	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	60	0	30	20
Vietnamese	115	0	45	45
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	65	60	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	15	0	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	120	0	110	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	290	45	240	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 16	160	0	135	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 17	93,400	6,565	85,735	970
Non-movers	83,410	5,870	76,555	880
Movers	9,985	695	9,180	90
Non-migrants	3,520	185	3,305	35
Migrants	6,465	510	5,880	55
Internal migrants	6,365	485	5,810	60
Intraprovincial migrants	6,290	440	5,775	60
Interprovincial migrants	80	45	35	0
External migrants	100	30	70	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 18	88,475	6,315	81,130	940
Non-movers	54,800	3,960	50,425	335
Movers	33,680	2,355	30,700	610
Non-migrants	11,305	735	10,450	115
Migrants	22,370	1,620	20,250	490
Internal migrants	21,760	1,465	19,835	455
Intraprovincial migrants	21,455	1,330	19,705	415
Interprovincial migrants	305	135	130	35
External migrants	610	155	415	35
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 19	94,580	6,645	86,825	975
Canadian citizens	93,540	6,380	86,160	885
Canadian citizens only	92,445	6,230	85,400	710
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,095	150	760	170
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 20	1,040	265	660	95
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 21	94,580	6,645	86,825	980
Non-immigrants^Footnote 22	89,640	5,675	83,655	255
Born in province of residence	87,265	4,995	82,005	215
Born outside province of residence	2,375	680	1,660	40
Immigrants^Footnote 23	4,845	945	3,110	720
Americas	1,045	245	680	120
United States	170	85	85	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	205	0	190	0
Mexico	125	0	65	40
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
Colombia	65	0	55	0
El Salvador	55	0	45	0
Peru	30	0	25	0
Chile	20	0	15	0
Other places of birth in Americas	340	85	195	65
Europe	2,265	390	1,425	425
United Kingdom^Footnote 24	130	115	0	0
Italy	135	30	90	0
Germany	145	35	85	0
Poland	95	0	50	0
Portugal	90	25	55	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0
France	650	0	640	0
Romania	370	0	165	190
Russian Federation	140	40	30	70
Greece	50	50	0	0
Ukraine	35	0	20	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
Hungary	20	15	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	365	30	250	85
Africa	675	55	550	65
Morocco	185	0	155	30
Algeria	145	0	135	0
Egypt	60	15	35	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	275	30	230	15
Asia	860	260	455	110
India	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 25	75	20	55	0
Philippines	75	65	15	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 26	90	0	40	20
Pakistan	20	25	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 27	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 28	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	230	45	120	55
Taiwan	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	240	40	175	20
Oceania and other^Footnote 29	0	0	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 31	95	25	60	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 32	660	155	425	75
Americas	185	55	105	20
United States	20	0	0	0
Mexico	30	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	35	0	35	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	15	0	0	0
Colombia	35	0	30	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	45	0	0	0
Europe	180	0	135	35
France	65	0	65	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	50	0	25	25
Moldova^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	0	35	0
Africa	195	25	150	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	35	0	35	0
Egypt	20	0	0	0
Morocco	45	0	30	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	85	0	60	15
Asia	105	65	35	0
Philippines	40	35	0	0
China^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	10	20	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 41	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 42	94,580	6,645	86,825	980
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	89,640	5,675	83,660	255
Immigrants^Footnote 44	4,845	945	3,105	715
Before 1971	790	265	475	40
1971 to 1980	715	115	545	35
1981 to 1990	715	170	450	85
1991 to 2000	935	125	590	210
2001 to 2011^Footnote 45	1,685	280	1,050	360
2001 to 2005	1,025	125	620	280
2006 to 2011^Footnote 46	660	150	430	75
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 47	100	25	60	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 48	94,580	6,645	86,820	980
First generation^Footnote 49	5,025	985	3,240	725
Second generation^Footnote 50	5,380	1,480	3,705	155
Third generation or more^Footnote 51	84,175	4,185	79,880	95
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	94,575	6,640	86,820	980
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 52	1,385	315	1,070	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 53	920	245	675	0
Métis single identity	370	50	325	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 54	25	0	20	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 55	45	0	40	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	93,190	6,330	85,755	975
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 56	94,580	6,645	86,825	980
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 57	595	225	375	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	93,985	6,420	86,455	980
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 58	77,520	5,620	71,025	785
In the labour force	53,735	3,605	49,510	610
Employed	50,745	3,320	46,845	570
Unemployed	2,990	285	2,665	45
Not in the labour force	23,780	2,020	21,515	175
Participation rate	69.3	64.1	69.7	77.7
Employment rate	65.5	59.1	66.0	72.6
Unemployment rate	5.6	7.9	5.4	7.4
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	53,735	3,605	49,510	615
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 59	1,060	125	920	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 60	52,675	3,475	48,590	595
Employee	47,220	3,250	43,480	485
Self-employed	5,455	225	5,115	115
Self-employed (incorporated)	2,235	65	2,120	55
Without paid help	1,110	40	1,040	30
With paid help	1,125	25	1,080	20
Self-employed (unincorporated)	3,100	160	2,870	65
Without paid help	2,395	110	2,220	65
With paid help	705	50	655	0
Unpaid family worker	125	0	120	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	53,735	3,605	49,510	610
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 61	1,060	125	920	0
All occupations^Footnote 62	52,675	3,480	48,590	600
0 Management occupations	5,725	390	5,270	65
00 Senior management occupations	905	40	850	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,680	130	1,540	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,910	120	1,745	50
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,235	95	1,135	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,115	790	8,195	130
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,555	75	1,455	25
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,510	280	3,190	35
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	500	25	470	0
14 Office support occupations	1,950	210	1,690	50
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,605	195	1,400	10
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,775	230	3,450	95
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,840	105	1,680	55
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,935	125	1,765	45
3 Health occupations	3,140	125	2,985	25
30 Professional occupations in nursing	935	30	900	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	345	15	330	0
32 Technical occupations in health	1,000	45	950	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	850	35	800	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,955	295	4,615	45
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,685	125	1,535	30
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	845	55	785	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,505	55	1,440	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	455	25	435	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	465	35	425	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,335	120	1,200	20
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	410	60	340	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	925	60	855	0
6 Sales and service occupations	12,225	845	11,265	105
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,110	95	1,005	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,405	150	1,255	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	3,005	175	2,815	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,445	190	2,210	45
66 Sales support occupations	1,755	80	1,660	20
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,505	150	2,325	20
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,970	530	8,380	65
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,100	190	2,895	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,965	95	1,860	15
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	810	75	735	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,405	150	2,220	35
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	690	15	670	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	675	20	635	25
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	120	0	105	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	275	0	270	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	285	15	260	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,755	130	2,590	25
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	440	0	425	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	755	50	700	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,005	45	950	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	555	15	525	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 63	53,735	3,605	49,510	615
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 64	1,060	130	915	0
All industries^Footnote 65	52,680	3,475	48,590	600
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	940	0	920	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	165	0	155	0
22 Utilities	445	0	425	0
23 Construction	4,320	200	4,095	20
31-33 Manufacturing	6,795	475	6,235	80
41 Wholesale trade	2,995	275	2,660	60
44-45 Retail trade	6,975	375	6,575	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,230	410	2,775	55
51 Information and cultural industries	1,355	105	1,235	15
52 Finance and insurance	2,140	100	2,025	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	685	55	630	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,760	280	3,385	90
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	0	45	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,880	130	1,690	55
61 Educational services	3,130	265	2,830	35
62 Health care and social assistance	5,340	245	5,035	60
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	985	55	920	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,425	240	2,160	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,465	135	2,310	20
91 Public administration	2,600	80	2,485	30
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 66	50,745	3,320	46,850	570
Usual place of work	42,535	2,830	39,235	470
Work in CSD of residence	7,815	290	7,490	30
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	6,680	380	6,260	45
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	27,950	2,135	25,425	395
Work in a different province	90	25	55	0
Worked at home	3,330	190	3,105	35
Worked outside Canada	65	20	45	0
No fixed workplace address	4,810	280	4,465	70
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 67	47,345	3,110	43,700	530
Car, truck or van - as a driver	38,915	2,370	36,165	370
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,685	130	1,520	35
Public transit	4,690	515	4,060	115
Walked	1,435	65	1,360	0
Bicycle	290	0	280	0
Other methods	325	20	310	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 68	56,280	3,770	51,865	630
English	3,910	1,830	1,965	115
French	49,510	1,500	47,605	405
Non-official language	25	20	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25	15	0	0
English and French	2,720	390	2,215	110
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	0	35	0
English, French and non-official language	60	15	45	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 69	56,280	3,770	51,870	635
None	36,320	1,650	34,340	315
English	17,025	1,025	15,785	215
French	2,570	1,005	1,520	50
Non-official language	255	60	155	40
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	255	55	155	40
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	0	55	10
French and non-official language	30	20	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 70	77,520	5,625	71,025	785
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,250	1,240	16,850	95
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 71	19,115	1,670	17,295	140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 72	40,155	2,715	36,880	550
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 73	14,225	880	13,250	90
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 74	10,415	630	9,730	60
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 75	3,810	255	3,520	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,215	970	12,080	165
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 76	3,330	205	3,060	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,385	655	8,490	235
Bachelor's degree	6,710	435	6,145	125
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	985	85	830	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	0	90	0
Master's degree	1,370	95	1,250	25
Earned doctorate^Footnote 77	215	30	180	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 78	40,155	2,720	36,875	550
Education	2,610	160	2,435	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,550	95	1,440	15
Humanities	1,965	185	1,725	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,155	250	2,840	60
Business, management and public administration	9,235	650	8,465	120
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,000	75	915	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,910	180	1,685	45
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,740	555	9,045	135
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	680	20	645	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 79	4,730	300	4,390	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,575	240	3,290	45
Other fields of study^Footnote 80	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 81	40,155	2,715	36,875	550
Inside Canada	38,475	2,410	35,780	295
Newfoundland and Labrador	30	25	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	20	0	0	0
New Brunswick	100	0	90	0
Quebec	37,800	2,230	35,295	270
Ontario	440	80	340	20
Manitoba	30	0	15	0
Saskatchewan	0	0	0	0
Alberta	40	15	20	0
British Columbia	30	15	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	1,680	305	1,100	260
Total population in private households by visible minority	94,580	6,645	86,820	980
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	3,380	625	2,320	360
South Asian^Footnote 83	180	70	110	0
Chinese	200	55	130	0
Black	920	145	750	20
Filipino	90	65	25	0
Latin American	595	70	400	120
Arab	720	40	530	130
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	450	85	310	45
West Asian^Footnote 85	50	10	0	15
Korean	35	25	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	35	0	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	85	0	50	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	91,195	6,020	84,500	615
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 89	94,580	6,640	86,825	980
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 90	64,310	2,985	60,410	805
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 91	30,270	3,655	26,415	175
Canadian - Total responses	66,350	2,605	63,640	100
Canadian - Single responses	43,910	925	42,915	60
Canadian - Multiple responses	22,445	1,675	20,720	45
English- Total responses	3,000	1,680	1,310	0
English - Single responses	395	280	115	0
English - Multiple responses	2,605	1,400	1,200	0
French - Total responses	32,010	1,360	30,620	30
French - Single responses	10,065	80	9,980	0
French - Multiple responses	21,945	1,275	20,630	25
Scottish - Total responses	2,540	1,165	1,370	0
Scottish - Single responses	280	90	195	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	2,260	1,075	1,175	0
Irish - Total responses	6,025	1,690	4,305	30
Irish - Single responses	1,210	210	990	0
Irish - Multiple responses	4,810	1,475	3,315	20
German - Total responses	1,900	555	1,320	20
German - Single responses	375	80	290	0
German - Multiple responses	1,525	475	1,030	0
Italian - Total responses	2,935	525	2,350	50
Italian - Single responses	860	170	665	20
Italian - Multiple responses	2,075	355	1,685	30
Chinese - Total responses	270	55	190	20
Chinese - Single responses	110	30	65	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	165	25	120	20
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	3,455	420	3,035	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	600	70	525	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	2,855	345	2,505	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	290	140	115	35
Ukrainian - Single responses	65	30	20	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	220	105	90	0
East Indian - Total responses	100	55	40	0
East Indian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	85	45	40	0
Dutch - Total responses	240	135	100	0
Dutch - Single responses	25	25	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	205	110	100	0
Polish- Total responses	555	200	315	35
Polish - Single responses	250	90	125	25
Polish - Multiple responses	300	110	185	0
Filipino - Total responses	105	80	25	0
Filipino - Single responses	75	60	15	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	30	20	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 92	445	325	120	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 93	105	75	25	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 94	340	245	90	0
Russian- Total responses	290	105	100	80
Russian - Single responses	155	55	25	80
Russian - Multiple responses	130	50	75	0
Welsh - Total responses	95	90	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	90	80	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	70	35	30	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	60	25	30	0
Métis - Total responses	315	0	305	0
Métis - Single responses	55	0	55	0
Métis - Multiple responses	265	0	250	0
Portuguese - Total responses	515	95	400	0
Portuguese - Single responses	190	35	140	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	325	65	255	0
American - Total responses	505	110	400	0
American - Single responses	70	25	50	0
American - Multiple responses	435	85	350	0
Spanish - Total responses	605	35	515	50
Spanish - Single responses	135	0	110	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	475	25	410	35
Swedish - Total responses	50	35	15	0
Swedish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	40	25	15	0
Hungarian - Total responses	255	100	135	0
Hungarian - Single responses	95	25	55	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	160	70	80	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 95	77,520	5,625	71,025	785
Without income	3,905	400	3,470	35
With income	73,615	5,230	67,550	755
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	5,860	495	5,290	60
$5,000 to $9,999	5,060	345	4,660	45
$10,000 to $14,999	6,560	480	5,980	60
$15,000 to $19,999	7,065	515	6,450	80
$20,000 to $29,999	10,315	750	9,455	115
$30,000 to $39,999	10,950	910	9,890	150
$40,000 to $49,999	8,910	575	8,260	65
$50,000 to $59,999	6,435	380	5,995	65
$60,000 to $79,999	7,315	440	6,790	85
$80,000 to $99,999	2,780	175	2,600	0
$100,000 and over	2,360	160	2,185	0
$100,000 to $124,999	1,205	80	1,125	0
$125,000 and over	1,150	85	1,060	0
Median income $^Footnote 97	31,759	30,356	31,940	30,576
Average income $^Footnote 98	37,253	35,205	37,474	33,865
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 99	77,520	5,625	71,020	785
Without after-tax income	3,895	400	3,455	30
With after-tax income	73,630	5,225	67,570	755
Under $5,000^Footnote 100	6,060	505	5,480	65
$5,000 to $9,999	5,195	350	4,790	45
$10,000 to $14,999	6,675	490	6,085	65
$15,000 to $19,999	7,820	565	7,135	95
$20,000 to $29,999	13,240	995	12,100	145
$30,000 to $39,999	13,470	990	12,320	160
$40,000 to $49,999	9,755	655	9,010	80
$50,000 to $59,999	5,495	295	5,145	50
$60,000 to $79,999	4,080	230	3,815	30
$80,000 to $99,999	975	70	900	0
$100,000 and over	855	65	780	0
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 101	28,421	26,868	28,564	28,467
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 102	31,049	29,533	31,207	29,063
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 103	77,520	5,625	71,025	790
With employment income	55,495	3,740	51,125	620
Median employment income $^Footnote 104	32,582	30,496	32,725	33,001
Average employment income $^Footnote 105	37,741	35,856	37,912	35,103
With wages and salaries	52,030	3,545	47,920	555
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	33,475	31,005	33,800	35,640
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 107	38,234	36,243	38,394	37,276
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	53,735	3,605	49,510	615
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 108	29,280	2,030	26,870	375
All others^Footnote 109	24,455	1,570	22,645	235

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 4

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 10

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 12

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 14

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 19

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 20

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 21

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 22

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 23

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 24

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 25

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 26

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 27

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 28

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 29

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 31

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 32

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 33

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 34

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 35

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 36

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 37

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 38

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 39

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 40

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 41

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 42

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 43

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 44

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 47

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 48

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 49

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 50

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 51

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 55

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 56

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 57

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 58

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 59

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 60

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 61

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 62

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 63

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 64

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 65

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 66

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 67

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 68

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 70

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 71

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 72

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 74

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 75

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 76

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 77

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 78

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 79

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 80

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 81

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 90

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 91

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 95

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

For population with income.

Footnote 99

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 100

Including loss.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 103

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with employment income.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 108

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 109

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.