Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Pontiac, MÉ
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 45.0 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	5,620	2,450	3,135	35
0 to 4 years	370	130	245	0
5 to 9 years	345	170	170	0
10 to 14 years	325	155	175	0
15 to 19 years	365	175	190	0
20 to 24 years	270	110	155	0
25 to 29 years	325	120	205	0
30 to 34 years	345	150	195	0
35 to 39 years	370	180	190	0
40 to 44 years	430	160	270	0
45 to 49 years	500	200	290	0
50 to 54 years	495	180	320	0
55 to 59 years	440	130	310	0
60 to 64 years	350	190	165	0
65 to 69 years	320	170	150	0
70 to 74 years	170	90	65	0
75 to 79 years	85	65	15	0
80 to 84 years	70	55	15	0
85 years and over	40	30	0	0
Median age^Footnote 3	41.6	41.6	41.5	46.4
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	4,575	2,005	2,550	0
Married or living with a common-law partner	3,030	1,150	1,855	0
Married (and not separated)	2,105	950	1,135	0
Living common law	920	195	725	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	1,545	850	695	0
Single (never legally married)	1,035	525	505	0
Separated	90	55	40	0
Divorced	190	90	100	0
Widowed	235	185	55	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	5,620	2,450	3,135	40
Single responses	5,530	2,385	3,130	0
English	2,285	2,275	0	0
French	3,065	0	3,060	0
Non-official languages	185	110	55	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	135	75	55	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	25	0	30	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	30	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	50	35	0	0
Multiple responses	85	65	0	25
English and French	80	60	0	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	5,615	2,445	3,130	35
English only	1,300	1,300	0	0
French only	720	0	725	0
English and French	3,590	1,150	2,410	35
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	5,620	2,450	3,130	35
Single responses	5,465	2,375	3,080	0
English	2,480	2,215	265	0
French	2,935	115	2,820	0
Non-official languages	50	45	0	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	155	75	50	30
English and French	105	0	30	0
English and non-official language	20	15	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	5,620	2,445	3,130	40
None	4,230	1,870	2,325	30
English	715	100	610	0
French	545	365	180	0
Non-official language	110	95	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	110	95	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	355	235	105	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	360	235	110	20
Italian	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	30	0	30	0
Spanish	135	85	50	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	40	0	30	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Russian	100	100	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	0	0	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	5,565	2,445	3,090	35
Non-movers	5,115	2,300	2,785	25
Movers	455	140	305	0
Non-migrants	80	35	50	0
Migrants	375	115	255	0
Internal migrants	330	75	250	0
Intraprovincial migrants	285	65	220	0
Interprovincial migrants	50	10	35	0
External migrants	40	35	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	5,245	2,320	2,890	35
Non-movers	3,750	1,800	1,920	25
Movers	1,495	520	970	0
Non-migrants	350	215	130	0
Migrants	1,145	300	840	0
Internal migrants	1,110	275	835	0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,000	210	785	0
Interprovincial migrants	115	65	55	0
External migrants	35	20	0	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	5,615	2,450	3,135	35
Canadian citizens	5,570	2,405	3,130	30
Canadian citizens only	5,520	2,380	3,115	25
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	50	30	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	45	45	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	5,620	2,450	3,135	35
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	5,365	2,295	3,040	30
Born in province of residence	3,530	1,185	2,340	0
Born outside province of residence	1,835	1,110	700	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	245	140	90	0
Americas	60	35	25	0
United States	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	145	100	40	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	20	25	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Romania	25	0	25	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	25	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 24	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	0	0	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	0	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	25	0	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	0
United States	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	5,620	2,450	3,130	40
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	5,365	2,295	3,040	30
Immigrants^Footnote 43	245	145	90	0
Before 1971	55	40	0	0
1971 to 1980	45	20	0	0
1981 to 1990	35	0	30	0
1991 to 2000	65	50	0	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	35	25	0	0
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	25	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	5,620	2,450	3,130	40
First generation^Footnote 48	265	160	90	0
Second generation^Footnote 49	390	270	120	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	4,960	2,020	2,920	25
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	5,615	2,450	3,135	40
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	690	195	485	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	140	50	90	0
Métis single identity	495	155	340	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,930	2,250	2,645	35
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	5,620	2,450	3,130	35
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	200	40	160	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,420	2,410	2,975	35
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	4,570	2,000	2,545	0
In the labour force	3,145	1,215	1,925	0
Employed	2,925	1,090	1,830	0
Unemployed	220	125	95	0
Not in the labour force	1,425	780	625	0
Participation rate	68.8	60.8	75.6	0.0
Employment rate	64.0	54.5	71.9	0.0
Unemployment rate	7.0	10.3	4.9	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	3,145	1,215	1,925	0
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	0	0	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	3,110	1,180	1,920	0
Employee	2,790	1,065	1,720	0
Self-employed	320	115	200	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	75	25	45	0
Without paid help	35	0	25	0
With paid help	35	20	20	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	235	75	160	0
Without paid help	185	60	130	0
With paid help	45	20	30	0
Unpaid family worker	0	0	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	3,140	1,220	1,920	0
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	3,105	1,180	1,925	0
0 Management occupations	440	120	325	0
00 Senior management occupations	70	20	50	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	155	55	100	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	60	15	45	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	160	25	130	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	850	355	495	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	155	35	120	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	385	175	205	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	50	30	0	0
14 Office support occupations	220	100	120	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	40	20	25	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	160	65	95	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	125	45	85	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	40	25	15	0
3 Health occupations	185	50	130	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	40	15	30	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	20	0	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	0	0	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	120	0	90	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	270	75	195	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	80	0	60	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	65	20	50	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	85	25	60	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	40	0	25	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	0	0	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	0	70	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	35	0	30	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50	0	35	0
6 Sales and service occupations	330	150	180	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	0	0	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	50	0	25	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	60	20	40	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	70	35	30	0
66 Sales support occupations	80	50	35	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	60	20	40	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	710	295	415	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	190	65	120	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	180	75	105	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	20	0	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	235	130	105	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	85	0	65	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	25	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	0	0	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	0	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	50	30	15	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	0	0	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	0	0	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	0	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	3,145	1,215	1,920	0
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0
All industries^Footnote 64	3,110	1,180	1,925	0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	70	40	30	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	475	120	365	0
31-33 Manufacturing	70	25	45	0
41 Wholesale trade	45	20	25	0
44-45 Retail trade	230	105	125	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	140	85	55	0
51 Information and cultural industries	40	30	15	0
52 Finance and insurance	65	15	45	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	45	0	45	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	155	105	55	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	85	30	55	0
61 Educational services	150	50	100	0
62 Health care and social assistance	350	65	280	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95	15	80	0
72 Accommodation and food services	140	45	100	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	135	60	75	0
91 Public administration	800	370	435	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	2,925	1,095	1,830	0
Usual place of work	2,220	850	1,365	0
Work in CSD of residence	180	95	90	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	50	20	30	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	1,065	240	820	0
Work in a different province	920	490	425	0
Worked at home	205	65	145	0
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	495	175	320	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	2,720	1,025	1,690	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	2,285	835	1,440	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	225	90	130	0
Public transit	90	45	45	0
Walked	35	25	0	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	0
Other methods	75	25	50	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	3,320	1,290	2,025	0
English	1,530	1,095	435	0
French	1,555	110	1,435	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	220	70	150	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	3,320	1,285	2,030	0
None	1,705	855	845	0
English	1,005	120	880	0
French	615	305	305	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	4,570	2,005	2,550	0
No certificate, diploma or degree	980	530	435	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	1,015	510	505	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	2,575	960	1,610	0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	830	210	620	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	595	120	475	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	235	95	145	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	960	435	520	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	165	70	95	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	620	240	375	0
Bachelor's degree	425	130	285	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	0	25	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0
Master's degree	130	65	60	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	15	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	2,575	960	1,610	0
Education	120	30	90	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	25	50	0
Humanities	80	45	35	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	225	85	145	0
Business, management and public administration	685	250	440	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	0	25	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	50	55	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	730	275	455	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	30	30	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	295	120	175	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	155	35	120	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	2,575	960	1,615	0
Inside Canada	2,495	890	1,605	0
Newfoundland and Labrador	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	0	0	0	0
New Brunswick	15	0	0	0
Quebec	1,520	365	1,155	0
Ontario	905	470	435	0
Manitoba	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewan	0	0	0	0
Alberta	0	0	0	0
British Columbia	0	0	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	75	70	0	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	5,615	2,450	3,135	35
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	155	80	75	0
South Asian^Footnote 82	0	0	0	0
Chinese	20	0	0	0
Black	35	30	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	5,460	2,375	3,055	30
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	5,620	2,450	3,130	40
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	2,510	790	1,695	0
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	3,110	1,655	1,440	15
Canadian - Total responses	3,195	1,045	2,125	25
Canadian - Single responses	1,425	365	1,040	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	1,770	680	1,085	0
English- Total responses	940	785	155	0
English - Single responses	60	60	0	0
English - Multiple responses	875	725	155	0
French - Total responses	2,275	635	1,630	0
French - Single responses	430	0	415	0
French - Multiple responses	1,850	630	1,215	0
Scottish - Total responses	595	525	70	0
Scottish - Single responses	25	20	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	570	505	60	0
Irish - Total responses	1,515	1,200	310	0
Irish - Single responses	245	210	35	0
Irish - Multiple responses	1,270	990	275	0
German - Total responses	265	215	50	0
German - Single responses	0	0	0	0
German - Multiple responses	255	210	45	0
Italian - Total responses	150	100	55	0
Italian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	145	95	55	0
Chinese - Total responses	30	0	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	475	175	300	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	60	0	55	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	415	175	245	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	85	70	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	85	70	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	50	0	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	50	0	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	15	15	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	15	15	0	0
Polish- Total responses	140	130	0	0
Polish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	135	125	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	15	15	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	15	15	0	0
Russian- Total responses	0	0	0	0
Russian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	35	30	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	20	20	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Métis - Total responses	350	140	210	0
Métis - Single responses	30	0	20	0
Métis - Multiple responses	315	130	185	0
Portuguese - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
American - Total responses	145	115	30	0
American - Single responses	0	0	0	0
American - Multiple responses	140	115	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	35	0	35	0
Spanish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	35	0	30	0
Swedish - Total responses	25	20	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	25	25	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	20	10	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	15	10	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	4,570	2,000	2,550	0
Without income	220	75	145	0
With income	4,355	1,930	2,400	0
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	375	180	190	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	280	115	170	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	290	155	130	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	445	260	175	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	355	200	155	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	535	175	350	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	605	260	345	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	485	190	300	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	580	235	340	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	170	85	85	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	230	65	165	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	140	40	100	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	90	30	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 96	37,401	31,222	40,799	0
Average income $^Footnote 97	41,469	37,473	44,811	0
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	4,575	2,000	2,550	0
Without after-tax income	220	75	145	0
With after-tax income	4,355	1,930	2,400	0
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	400	190	210	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	300	145	155	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	280	145	130	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	490	295	185	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	540	220	320	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	775	285	485	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	590	305	285	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	520	170	345	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	295	135	160	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	120	40	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	45	0	40	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	32,403	28,773	34,874	0
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	33,961	31,294	36,193	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	4,570	2,000	2,550	0
With employment income	3,220	1,290	1,930	0
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	41,990	36,779	42,275	0
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	43,095	39,372	45,527	0
With wages and salaries	2,915	1,150	1,760	0
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	42,362	40,425	43,037	0
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	44,864	41,672	46,902	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	3,145	1,220	1,925	0
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	1,875	730	1,140	0
All others^Footnote 108	1,270	485	780	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.