Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Waterloo
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 23.7 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	499,615	483,940	6,385	2,235
0 to 4 years	30,840	28,755	160	60
5 to 9 years	30,795	30,225	165	180
10 to 14 years	31,280	30,575	205	425
15 to 19 years	34,405	33,865	230	245
20 to 24 years	37,190	36,615	350	145
25 to 29 years	35,495	35,015	285	120
30 to 34 years	34,040	33,335	410	220
35 to 39 years	35,155	34,400	475	170
40 to 44 years	36,925	35,995	520	245
45 to 49 years	40,325	39,320	635	90
50 to 54 years	37,165	35,845	810	120
55 to 59 years	31,520	30,275	575	100
60 to 64 years	26,285	25,130	435	35
65 to 69 years	19,470	18,465	440	20
70 to 74 years	14,050	13,065	335	35
75 to 79 years	11,205	10,440	180	25
80 to 84 years	7,705	7,240	115	0
85 years and over	5,770	5,395	55	0
Median age^Footnote 3	37.2	37.0	48.7	28.3
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	406,695	394,385	5,855	1,575
Married or living with a common-law partner	243,550	235,495	3,855	980
Married (and not separated)	210,695	203,345	3,210	975
Living common law	32,850	32,145	650	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	163,145	158,890	2,005	595
Single (never legally married)	111,580	109,800	970	530
Separated	12,325	11,965	250	0
Divorced	21,740	21,060	495	45
Widowed	17,500	16,065	285	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	499,610	483,940	6,385	2,235
Single responses	493,670	478,200	6,250	2,180
English	375,970	375,970	0	0
French	6,515	420	6,100	0
Non-official languages	111,190	101,815	150	2,180
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	94,120	85,855	110	2,015
Arabic	4,660	4,120	0	150
Bengali	600	575	0	0
Cantonese	1,555	1,405	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5,070	4,545	0	125
Creoles	70	25	0	50
Dutch	2,780	2,685	0	20
German	15,750	15,065	0	105
Greek	1,575	1,475	0	0
Gujarati	2,520	2,155	0	100
Hindi	780	760	0	0
Hungarian	1,410	1,385	0	0
Italian	1,750	1,695	0	20
Korean	1,385	1,215	0	40
Mandarin	2,975	2,630	0	40
Panjabi (Punjabi)	3,645	3,100	0	40
Persian (Farsi)	2,750	2,375	0	60
Polish	5,755	5,495	0	120
Portuguese	10,460	9,200	15	85
Romanian	4,895	4,325	30	380
Russian	1,790	1,570	0	90
Serbian	5,085	4,370	0	285
Spanish	7,890	7,305	0	175
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,490	1,460	0	0
Tamil	720	685	0	0
Ukrainian	830	810	0	0
Urdu	2,965	2,715	0	45
Vietnamese	2,960	2,700	0	25
Other languages^Footnote 7	17,050	15,945	40	160
Multiple responses	5,940	5,740	140	60
English and French	315	250	30	30
English and non-official language	5,405	5,400	0	0
French and non-official language	155	50	105	0
English, French and non-official language	70	40	0	30
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	499,610	483,940	6,390	2,240
English only	460,325	460,325	0	0
French only	240	0	245	0
English and French	31,795	23,415	6,145	2,235
Neither English nor French	7,250	200	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	499,610	483,940	6,390	2,235
Single responses	486,405	471,030	6,200	2,125
English	424,445	419,985	4,460	0
French	1,805	160	1,650	0
Non-official languages	60,160	50,895	90	2,125
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	51,485	43,295	85	1,950
Arabic	2,480	1,975	0	125
Bengali	340	310	0	0
Cantonese	1,010	865	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,810	3,305	0	115
Creoles	95	0	0	50
Dutch	645	550	0	20
German	5,950	5,270	0	100
Greek	545	450	0	0
Gujarati	1,755	1,400	0	95
Hindi	485	460	0	0
Hungarian	460	430	0	0
Italian	550	495	0	20
Korean	1,055	890	0	45
Mandarin	2,410	2,065	0	45
Panjabi (Punjabi)	2,495	1,950	0	35
Persian (Farsi)	1,980	1,605	0	60
Polish	2,770	2,515	0	115
Portuguese	4,730	3,470	0	80
Romanian	2,735	2,185	0	385
Russian	1,240	1,020	0	85
Serbian	4,095	3,375	0	285
Spanish	4,610	4,020	0	185
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	640	625	0	0
Tamil	430	380	0	0
Ukrainian	200	185	0	0
Urdu	1,850	1,580	0	50
Vietnamese	2,125	1,860	0	15
Other languages^Footnote 11	8,665	7,595	0	170
Multiple responses	13,205	12,910	190	110
English and French	150	35	80	35
English and non-official language	12,870	12,860	0	0
French and non-official language	55	0	50	0
English, French and non-official language	135	0	50	80
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	499,610	483,940	6,390	2,235
None	436,445	425,945	3,090	930
English	27,475	24,920	1,045	1,125
French	4,540	2,580	1,955	0
Non-official language	30,060	29,590	235	60
Aboriginal	30	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	30,030	29,575	225	65
English and French	120	15	0	100
English and non-official language	570	540	15	0
French and non-official language	400	350	45	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	128,780	118,775	755	2,205
Aboriginal languages	70	60	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	30	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	20	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	128,730	118,735	740	2,205
Italian	2,740	2,590	55	55
Portuguese	12,245	10,945	50	80
Romanian	5,720	5,130	40	385
Spanish	11,865	11,025	215	215
Dutch	4,250	4,095	0	30
Flemish	135	125	0	0
German	19,765	18,865	115	200
Yiddish	15	15	0	0
Danish	315	310	0	0
Norwegian	85	80	0	0
Swedish	350	350	0	0
Afrikaans	255	255	0	0
Gaelic languages	60	55	0	0
Bosnian	605	550	0	50
Bulgarian	155	150	0	0
Croatian	3,250	3,135	0	20
Czech	710	695	0	0
Macedonian	135	120	0	0
Polish	6,400	6,125	0	120
Russian	2,690	2,445	0	120
Serbian	5,725	5,010	0	270
Serbo-Croatian	545	480	0	40
Slovak	650	625	0	0
Slovenian	280	275	0	0
Ukrainian	1,185	1,145	0	0
Latvian	115	115	0	0
Lithuanian	75	75	0	0
Greek	1,955	1,830	0	0
Armenian	540	475	40	0
Albanian	845	755	0	0
Estonian	90	90	0	0
Finnish	160	150	0	0
Hungarian	1,735	1,680	0	30
Turkish	890	855	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	55	55	0	0
Somali	690	610	0	0
Amharic	630	585	0	25
Arabic	6,145	5,425	75	180
Hebrew	285	260	0	0
Maltese	90	95	0	0
Tigrigna	335	310	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	400	340	0	0
Bengali	750	730	0	0
Gujarati	3,115	2,740	0	100
Hindi	4,445	4,220	0	80
Konkani	40	35	0	0
Marathi	180	170	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	5,280	4,700	0	55
Sindhi	340	330	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	305	295	0	0
Urdu	4,620	4,300	0	75
Nepali	25	25	0	0
Kurdish	525	490	0	0
Pashto	775	695	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	3,180	2,790	0	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	145	140	0	0
Kannada	55	55	0	0
Malayalam	320	315	0	0
Tamil	925	880	0	0
Telugu	280	275	0	0
Japanese	675	560	0	55
Korean	1,480	1,315	0	40
Cantonese	2,055	1,880	0	0
Fukien	25	30	0	0
Hakka	20	0	0	0
Mandarin	3,630	3,275	0	45
Taiwanese	50	50	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5,420	4,900	0	120
Lao	1,650	1,505	0	0
Thai	225	205	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	325	310	0	0
Vietnamese	3,445	3,155	0	20
Bisayan languages	85	85	0	0
Ilocano	50	55	0	0
Malay	180	175	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	1,780	1,770	0	0
Akan (Twi)	210	205	0	0
Lingala	10	0	15	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	20	10	0	0
Swahili	310	280	25	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	135	130	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	230	170	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	465	430	0	0
Creoles	195	135	15	45
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	2,470	2,290	25	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	493,750	478,650	6,335	2,230
Non-movers	430,375	417,680	5,315	1,860
Movers	63,375	60,970	1,020	365
Non-migrants	36,750	35,700	485	130
Migrants	26,620	25,270	535	235
Internal migrants	22,765	21,935	495	130
Intraprovincial migrants	20,455	19,810	360	105
Interprovincial migrants	2,310	2,125	140	30
External migrants	3,860	3,335	40	105
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	468,775	455,185	6,225	2,180
Non-movers	283,975	276,685	3,355	1,060
Movers	184,800	178,495	2,875	1,120
Non-migrants	101,980	99,350	1,360	460
Migrants	82,815	79,145	1,515	655
Internal migrants	66,600	64,540	1,370	330
Intraprovincial migrants	59,930	58,395	1,005	210
Interprovincial migrants	6,670	6,145	365	120
External migrants	16,215	14,610	145	325
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	499,615	483,940	6,385	2,235
Canadian citizens	474,460	461,420	6,210	1,720
Canadian citizens only	458,205	446,315	6,010	1,300
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	16,255	15,105	195	425
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	25,150	22,525	180	515
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	499,610	483,940	6,390	2,235
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	384,160	376,090	5,610	515
Born in province of residence	345,500	340,020	3,115	465
Born outside province of residence	38,660	36,075	2,500	45
Immigrants^Footnote 22	111,495	104,185	740	1,660
Americas	16,915	16,405	30	150
United States	4,310	4,275	0	15
Jamaica	1,395	1,395	0	0
Guyana	2,400	2,400	0	0
Haiti	25	20	0	0
Mexico	1,065	915	0	65
Trinidad and Tobago	735	735	0	0
Colombia	1,200	1,130	0	30
El Salvador	2,240	2,085	0	0
Peru	170	145	0	30
Chile	330	330	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	3,050	2,975	0	0
Europe	54,030	50,685	395	890
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	12,220	12,210	0	0
Italy	1,110	1,055	0	20
Germany	5,020	4,940	0	50
Poland	4,610	4,450	0	45
Portugal	7,900	6,685	15	65
Netherlands	2,050	2,025	0	15
France	390	140	245	0
Romania	4,770	4,300	35	335
Russian Federation	955	835	0	60
Greece	605	545	0	0
Ukraine	795	765	0	0
Croatia	2,405	2,315	0	25
Hungary	765	755	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,220	2,800	0	160
Serbia	2,285	2,120	0	25
Ireland, Republic of	670	670	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	4,275	4,080	40	65
Africa	6,140	5,560	275	145
Morocco	35	15	20	0
Algeria	70	30	30	0
Egypt	900	810	25	40
South Africa, Republic of	445	450	0	0
Nigeria	240	230	0	0
Ethiopia	760	730	0	0
Kenya	510	465	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	3,175	2,835	190	95
Asia	34,125	31,265	40	470
India	6,700	5,975	0	110
China^Footnote 24	5,520	4,985	0	115
Philippines	1,890	1,880	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	885	840	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	2,665	2,350	0	0
Pakistan	3,200	3,015	0	55
Sri Lanka	675	660	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	1,370	1,290	0	35
Korea, South^Footnote 27	1,135	1,000	0	25
Lebanon	345	315	0	0
Taiwan	455	450	0	0
Iraq	1,360	1,120	0	35
Bangladesh	515	495	0	0
Afghanistan	985	800	0	0
Japan	180	180	0	0
Turkey	390	375	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	5,860	5,525	0	40
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	280	275	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	265	265	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	3,955	3,665	35	65
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	15,460	13,610	120	465
Americas	2,660	2,460	0	85
United States	855	835	0	0
Mexico	405	295	0	50
Cuba	50	50	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	90	90	0	0
Brazil	105	105	0	0
Colombia	605	570	0	0
Guyana	125	120	0	0
Peru	65	55	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	80	70	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	270	260	0	0
Europe	2,650	2,210	25	150
France	15	0	15	0
Germany	100	85	0	10
Poland	185	155	0	0
Romania	585	510	0	60
Moldova^Footnote 33	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	245	165	0	0
Ukraine	110	95	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	470	465	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	925	730	0	20
Africa	1,855	1,600	85	25
Nigeria	135	130	0	0
Ethiopia	310	285	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	285	245	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	275	250	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	15	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	95	35	65	0
South Africa, Republic of	60	60	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	640	560	15	0
Asia	8,275	7,310	0	205
Philippines	480	475	0	0
China^Footnote 35	1,395	1,210	0	45
India	1,480	1,280	0	85
Pakistan	815	735	0	15
Iran^Footnote 36	500	445	0	20
South Korea^Footnote 37	355	295	0	0
Sri Lanka	85	90	0	0
Iraq	795	600	0	0
Bangladesh	200	195	0	0
Lebanon	50	45	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	210	145	0	0
Taiwan	145	145	0	0
Afghanistan	180	125	0	0
Japan	55	55	0	0
Turkey	80	75	0	0
Israel	60	55	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	25	25	0	0
United Arab Emirates	70	70	0	0
Saudi Arabia	90	90	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	200	175	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,000	975	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	30	30	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	499,610	483,940	6,390	2,235
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	384,165	376,090	5,615	515
Immigrants^Footnote 43	111,495	104,185	740	1,660
Before 1971	24,750	24,060	145	45
1971 to 1980	15,365	14,395	125	45
1981 to 1990	16,175	15,275	115	175
1991 to 2000	24,390	22,695	90	500
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	30,820	27,755	265	895
2001 to 2005	15,355	14,145	145	425
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	15,460	13,610	120	465
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	3,955	3,665	35	60
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	499,610	483,940	6,385	2,235
First generation^Footnote 48	116,625	108,955	805	1,725
Second generation^Footnote 49	99,520	97,300	415	455
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	283,465	277,685	5,165	55
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	499,610	483,940	6,385	2,235
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	6,825	6,510	310	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	4,230	4,090	140	0
Métis single identity	2,120	1,955	165	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	220	225	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	60	55	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	190	185	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	492,785	477,435	6,075	2,235
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	499,615	483,940	6,385	2,235
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	1,710	1,665	45	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	497,905	482,275	6,345	2,235
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	406,695	394,385	5,860	1,575
In the labour force	283,680	277,530	3,875	1,115
Employed	263,815	258,195	3,630	990
Unemployed	19,865	19,330	240	125
Not in the labour force	123,015	116,860	1,985	455
Participation rate	69.8	70.4	66.1	70.8
Employment rate	64.9	65.5	61.9	62.9
Unemployment rate	7.0	7.0	6.2	11.2
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	283,675	277,525	3,870	1,115
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	5,940	5,735	65	45
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	277,740	271,795	3,800	1,065
Employee	253,070	247,610	3,530	965
Self-employed	24,670	24,185	275	105
Self-employed (incorporated)	8,265	8,105	115	20
Without paid help	3,160	3,085	55	0
With paid help	5,105	5,020	60	15
Self-employed (unincorporated)	15,725	15,405	150	80
Without paid help	11,720	11,495	125	65
With paid help	4,000	3,905	25	15
Unpaid family worker	680	680	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	283,680	277,525	3,870	1,115
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	5,935	5,730	70	50
All occupations^Footnote 61	277,740	271,800	3,800	1,065
0 Management occupations	30,515	29,975	400	55
00 Senior management occupations	2,930	2,820	95	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	10,435	10,300	95	25
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	10,300	10,130	125	10
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	6,845	6,730	85	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	43,745	42,850	595	210
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	7,900	7,730	95	55
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	13,460	13,150	230	65
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	3,760	3,695	50	0
14 Office support occupations	11,675	11,450	140	55
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	6,950	6,825	80	35
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	23,565	23,015	365	170
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	14,335	13,995	200	130
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	9,225	9,020	160	35
3 Health occupations	14,075	13,850	155	60
30 Professional occupations in nursing	3,875	3,810	40	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	2,830	2,780	25	30
32 Technical occupations in health	4,060	4,000	55	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	3,310	3,265	35	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	30,555	29,885	490	145
40 Professional occupations in education services	13,145	12,730	290	100
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	5,575	5,535	45	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	5,520	5,435	50	35
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,950	1,905	45	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	4,365	4,280	70	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	6,715	6,600	75	35
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	2,415	2,360	35	15
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,300	4,240	35	20
6 Sales and service occupations	61,655	60,190	855	220
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	6,175	6,070	80	20
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	6,530	6,355	70	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	14,085	13,730	255	40
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	12,190	11,805	255	95
66 Sales support occupations	8,030	7,965	40	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	14,640	14,260	145	40
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	39,460	38,730	505	70
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	14,825	14,555	200	25
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	6,850	6,780	65	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	5,290	5,240	55	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	9,465	9,225	135	40
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	3,035	2,935	50	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,065	3,890	145	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	735	660	75	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,600	1,550	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	1,730	1,680	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	23,395	22,810	230	90
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	2,665	2,600	55	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	5,635	5,505	60	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	10,220	9,950	80	80
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	4,875	4,750	25	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	283,675	277,525	3,870	1,115
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	5,935	5,730	65	50
All industries^Footnote 64	277,740	271,800	3,800	1,065
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,085	4,010	35	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	275	270	0	0
22 Utilities	1,105	1,060	40	0
23 Construction	17,370	17,065	180	50
31-33 Manufacturing	51,680	50,545	645	200
41 Wholesale trade	13,660	13,220	320	40
44-45 Retail trade	31,325	30,785	355	75
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	11,760	11,520	160	40
51 Information and cultural industries	5,780	5,705	45	25
52 Finance and insurance	16,950	16,505	295	120
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,860	4,780	40	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	17,445	17,045	295	75
55 Management of companies and enterprises	180	180	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	11,640	11,380	140	40
61 Educational services	23,130	22,460	495	140
62 Health care and social assistance	24,675	24,325	230	100
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	4,255	4,145	90	15
72 Accommodation and food services	15,925	15,635	100	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	10,540	10,325	130	40
91 Public administration	11,075	10,835	200	30
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	263,815	258,195	3,630	990
Usual place of work	222,760	218,000	3,115	845
Work in CSD of residence	109,225	107,055	1,385	355
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	80,250	78,520	1,125	365
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	32,845	31,985	600	130
Work in a different province	440	435	0	0
Worked at home	15,950	15,655	205	40
Worked outside Canada	985	930	0	40
No fixed workplace address	24,125	23,620	310	65
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	246,880	241,615	3,425	910
Car, truck or van - as a driver	201,485	197,195	2,870	745
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	16,555	16,220	145	50
Public transit	12,780	12,470	185	65
Walked	10,795	10,575	155	30
Bicycle	2,815	2,740	45	25
Other methods	2,450	2,415	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	300,995	294,175	4,180	1,210
English	295,140	289,655	3,590	1,100
French	875	405	445	30
Non-official language	3,395	2,800	0	20
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,390	2,800	0	20
English and French	485	310	140	40
English and non-official language	1,065	990	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	0	0	20
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	300,995	294,175	4,185	1,210
None	290,910	285,695	3,050	950
English	1,725	1,405	220	30
French	2,750	1,740	885	115
Non-official language	5,340	5,115	0	65
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,330	5,105	0	65
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	260	215	0	45
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	406,695	394,385	5,860	1,575
No certificate, diploma or degree	82,010	77,375	1,285	220
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	112,930	110,405	1,450	245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	211,755	206,605	3,125	1,110
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	30,825	30,060	550	60
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	16,180	15,600	415	45
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	14,645	14,460	130	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	81,515	79,660	1,295	260
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	12,520	12,165	155	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	86,890	84,720	1,125	705
Bachelor's degree	54,005	52,975	625	250
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	9,410	9,090	150	105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,815	1,745	25	15
Master's degree	17,505	16,930	235	265
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	4,160	3,980	95	70
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	211,755	206,600	3,125	1,110
Education	13,535	13,205	225	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	6,715	6,530	95	40
Humanities	13,895	13,550	210	90
Social and behavioural sciences and law	22,465	21,880	360	125
Business, management and public administration	42,575	41,630	660	170
Physical and life sciences and technologies	8,375	8,215	55	70
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	11,375	11,065	160	145
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	49,680	48,410	755	315
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,680	3,555	55	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	27,100	26,545	320	85
Personal, protective and transportation services	12,115	11,775	235	35
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	245	250	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	211,755	206,600	3,125	1,105
Inside Canada	177,200	173,785	2,790	510
Newfoundland and Labrador	1,585	1,580	0	0
Prince Edward Island	150	150	0	0
Nova Scotia	1,625	1,600	20	0
New Brunswick	630	585	45	0
Quebec	2,565	1,960	460	150
Ontario	166,395	163,745	2,195	350
Manitoba	855	815	40	0
Saskatchewan	430	430	0	0
Alberta	1,440	1,425	10	0
British Columbia	1,490	1,460	20	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	20	20	0	0
Outside Canada	34,550	32,810	335	605
Total population in private households by visible minority	499,615	483,940	6,385	2,235
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	77,085	71,785	395	930
South Asian^Footnote 82	21,165	19,740	20	220
Chinese	11,840	10,895	25	125
Black	10,535	10,065	255	75
Filipino	2,800	2,790	0	0
Latin American	8,200	7,725	0	100
Arab	4,815	4,220	45	110
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	7,490	6,915	30	80
West Asian^Footnote 84	4,000	3,535	0	115
Korean	1,610	1,440	0	40
Japanese	810	740	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	1,700	1,695	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	2,120	2,030	0	35
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	422,525	412,155	5,995	1,305
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	499,610	483,940	6,385	2,235
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	260,015	248,875	3,205	1,755
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	239,595	235,065	3,180	485
Canadian - Total responses	126,390	122,970	2,955	60
Canadian - Single responses	57,460	55,985	1,220	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	68,935	66,985	1,730	55
English- Total responses	121,335	120,765	515	0
English - Single responses	23,510	23,490	15	0
English - Multiple responses	97,825	97,275	505	0
French - Total responses	45,670	41,465	4,130	25
French - Single responses	4,065	2,625	1,435	0
French - Multiple responses	41,605	38,835	2,695	20
Scottish - Total responses	88,530	88,155	360	0
Scottish - Single responses	9,865	9,845	20	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	78,665	78,315	340	0
Irish - Total responses	87,415	86,900	470	20
Irish - Single responses	8,720	8,665	50	0
Irish - Multiple responses	78,690	78,235	415	15
German - Total responses	114,550	113,800	305	130
German - Single responses	29,135	28,890	0	55
German - Multiple responses	85,415	84,915	295	80
Italian - Total responses	15,470	15,255	130	35
Italian - Single responses	3,960	3,895	15	20
Italian - Multiple responses	11,510	11,360	115	0
Chinese - Total responses	14,195	13,115	30	195
Chinese - Single responses	10,830	9,865	15	160
Chinese - Multiple responses	3,365	3,250	0	30
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	10,040	9,625	420	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	990	970	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	9,050	8,650	395	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	11,770	11,590	40	60
Ukrainian - Single responses	2,225	2,160	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	9,545	9,425	40	40
East Indian - Total responses	16,520	15,515	0	205
East Indian - Single responses	12,185	11,340	0	180
East Indian - Multiple responses	4,335	4,170	0	25
Dutch - Total responses	24,345	24,225	20	40
Dutch - Single responses	6,890	6,855	0	15
Dutch - Multiple responses	17,455	17,370	20	30
Polish- Total responses	23,210	22,910	40	130
Polish - Single responses	7,405	7,205	0	75
Polish - Multiple responses	15,805	15,705	40	50
Filipino - Total responses	3,185	3,160	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	1,865	1,855	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	1,320	1,305	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	14,155	14,090	40	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	3,005	3,005	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	11,145	11,085	40	0
Russian- Total responses	6,220	5,985	25	115
Russian - Single responses	1,025	925	0	60
Russian - Multiple responses	5,195	5,055	30	55
Welsh - Total responses	8,265	8,255	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	575	575	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	7,695	7,685	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	1,915	1,910	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	80	80	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	1,830	1,830	0	0
Métis - Total responses	3,080	2,800	280	0
Métis - Single responses	155	150	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	2,920	2,655	265	0
Portuguese - Total responses	20,385	19,065	70	80
Portuguese - Single responses	13,645	12,450	15	75
Portuguese - Multiple responses	6,735	6,615	55	0
American - Total responses	6,285	6,235	25	0
American - Single responses	620	620	0	0
American - Multiple responses	5,660	5,615	25	0
Spanish - Total responses	5,225	4,990	95	35
Spanish - Single responses	1,135	1,110	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	4,090	3,880	90	35
Swedish - Total responses	2,380	2,370	15	0
Swedish - Single responses	285	285	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	2,090	2,080	15	0
Hungarian - Total responses	7,330	7,235	20	35
Hungarian - Single responses	1,640	1,625	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	5,690	5,610	20	30
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	406,695	394,385	5,860	1,570
Without income	19,240	18,520	260	115
With income	387,455	375,860	5,595	1,455
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	36,845	35,715	400	195
$5,000 to $9,999	26,475	25,740	220	85
$10,000 to $14,999	31,980	30,810	315	155
$15,000 to $19,999	30,795	29,165	600	95
$20,000 to $29,999	53,830	51,865	720	200
$30,000 to $39,999	48,460	47,195	705	205
$40,000 to $49,999	42,180	41,200	655	115
$50,000 to $59,999	32,360	31,630	485	135
$60,000 to $79,999	39,470	38,550	710	115
$80,000 to $99,999	23,395	22,820	430	70
$100,000 and over	21,660	21,190	345	85
$100,000 to $124,999	10,595	10,370	170	45
$125,000 and over	11,070	10,820	175	40
Median income $^Footnote 96	32,780	33,054	37,992	30,060
Average income $^Footnote 97	42,303	42,524	44,645	37,243
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	406,695	394,385	5,860	1,575
Without after-tax income	19,305	18,585	260	120
With after-tax income	387,390	375,800	5,600	1,460
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	37,360	36,220	405	195
$5,000 to $9,999	27,010	26,250	245	90
$10,000 to $14,999	32,805	31,620	320	155
$15,000 to $19,999	33,145	31,465	640	100
$20,000 to $29,999	64,080	61,850	900	225
$30,000 to $39,999	59,135	57,720	810	225
$40,000 to $49,999	47,000	45,865	785	180
$50,000 to $59,999	30,275	29,590	500	85
$60,000 to $79,999	36,000	35,085	685	130
$80,000 to $99,999	10,985	10,750	165	50
$100,000 and over	9,595	9,390	150	20
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	29,878	30,063	33,731	27,295
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	35,582	35,741	37,659	31,977
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	406,695	394,385	5,860	1,575
With employment income	296,000	289,340	4,115	1,180
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	34,616	34,575	42,073	35,111
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	42,977	42,995	47,412	38,973
With wages and salaries	276,910	270,665	3,885	1,100
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	35,872	35,854	42,412	35,148
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	43,771	43,787	48,151	39,662
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	283,680	277,530	3,870	1,120
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	161,575	158,060	2,355	635
All others^Footnote 108	122,105	119,470	1,515	485

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.