Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Waterloo, CY
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 22.4 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	97,100	94,145	1,065	710
0 to 4 years	4,935	4,535	35	25
5 to 9 years	5,705	5,575	30	80
10 to 14 years	6,010	5,760	30	210
15 to 19 years	7,200	7,110	20	65
20 to 24 years	9,460	9,305	85	50
25 to 29 years	6,665	6,560	60	35
30 to 34 years	5,900	5,745	65	80
35 to 39 years	6,445	6,325	85	20
40 to 44 years	7,235	7,065	90	55
45 to 49 years	7,870	7,650	110	15
50 to 54 years	7,395	7,170	115	0
55 to 59 years	6,070	5,845	105	20
60 to 64 years	4,940	4,735	80	25
65 to 69 years	3,705	3,565	70	0
70 to 74 years	2,640	2,555	25	0
75 to 79 years	2,160	1,995	40	0
80 to 84 years	1,525	1,465	20	0
85 years and over	1,240	1,175	0	0
Median age^Footnote 3	37.2	37.1	47.3	17.7
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	80,440	78,275	970	395
Married or living with a common-law partner	47,445	46,015	690	220
Married (and not separated)	42,540	41,235	600	215
Living common law	4,905	4,785	90	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	32,995	32,255	280	180
Single (never legally married)	24,595	24,230	165	165
Separated	1,860	1,805	30	0
Divorced	3,415	3,365	40	0
Widowed	3,125	2,855	50	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	97,095	94,145	1,065	710
Single responses	95,815	92,945	1,020	680
English	71,545	71,545	0	0
French	1,075	80	995	0
Non-official languages	23,195	21,320	20	680
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	20,300	18,570	0	665
Arabic	1,460	1,350	0	35
Bengali	245	240	0	0
Cantonese	670	635	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,835	2,545	0	75
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	310	300	0	0
German	2,655	2,570	0	70
Greek	315	290	0	0
Gujarati	415	310	0	75
Hindi	245	240	0	0
Hungarian	235	235	0	0
Italian	350	345	0	0
Korean	735	630	0	40
Mandarin	1,865	1,645	0	25
Panjabi (Punjabi)	755	635	0	35
Persian (Farsi)	675	625	0	15
Polish	1,060	1,020	0	10
Portuguese	355	335	0	0
Romanian	535	455	0	55
Russian	750	650	0	60
Serbian	655	550	0	50
Spanish	1,260	1,145	0	70
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	285	285	0	0
Tamil	355	335	0	0
Ukrainian	140	130	0	0
Urdu	790	745	0	25
Vietnamese	355	310	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	2,895	2,745	0	20
Multiple responses	1,285	1,200	50	30
English and French	55	35	0	0
English and non-official language	1,160	1,160	0	0
French and non-official language	35	0	35	0
English, French and non-official language	30	0	0	25
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	97,095	94,140	1,065	710
English only	87,175	87,175	0	0
French only	50	0	55	0
English and French	8,665	6,935	1,015	715
Neither English nor French	1,205	30	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	97,100	94,145	1,065	710
Single responses	94,435	91,540	1,040	680
English	81,675	80,925	750	0
French	285	0	270	0
Non-official languages	12,475	10,600	0	680
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	11,370	9,630	0	660
Arabic	760	650	0	35
Bengali	155	145	0	0
Cantonese	420	380	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,195	1,910	0	65
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	30	20	0	0
German	475	400	0	70
Greek	105	85	0	0
Gujarati	275	175	0	80
Hindi	155	150	0	0
Hungarian	75	80	0	0
Italian	95	90	0	0
Korean	515	405	0	40
Mandarin	1,485	1,245	0	35
Panjabi (Punjabi)	515	395	0	30
Persian (Farsi)	520	475	0	15
Polish	450	410	0	15
Portuguese	115	100	0	0
Romanian	255	185	0	60
Russian	495	390	0	60
Serbian	500	395	0	45
Spanish	735	620	0	65
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	95	0	0
Tamil	200	190	0	0
Ukrainian	15	0	0	0
Urdu	465	415	0	25
Vietnamese	290	240	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	1,100	965	0	20
Multiple responses	2,665	2,605	30	30
English and French	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,605	2,600	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	0	0	25
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	97,100	94,140	1,065	710
None	83,295	81,430	535	250
English	6,475	5,805	170	430
French	810	485	325	0
Non-official language	6,290	6,225	35	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	6,280	6,220	40	0
English and French	20	0	0	20
English and non-official language	135	130	0	0
French and non-official language	65	65	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	27,560	25,490	185	705
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	27,545	25,475	190	705
Italian	655	630	0	0
Portuguese	500	485	0	0
Romanian	680	585	25	55
Spanish	2,280	2,080	75	80
Dutch	435	425	0	0
Flemish	50	45	0	0
German	3,650	3,535	25	80
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	80	65	0	0
Norwegian	45	45	0	0
Swedish	155	155	0	0
Afrikaans	100	100	0	0
Gaelic languages	20	25	0	0
Bosnian	90	90	0	0
Bulgarian	60	60	0	0
Croatian	315	310	0	0
Czech	160	165	0	0
Macedonian	25	20	0	0
Polish	1,200	1,170	0	15
Russian	900	795	0	55
Serbian	680	595	0	20
Serbo-Croatian	135	100	0	35
Slovak	150	150	0	0
Slovenian	80	75	0	0
Ukrainian	290	285	0	0
Latvian	20	15	0	0
Lithuanian	15	15	0	0
Greek	420	400	0	0
Armenian	90	85	0	0
Albanian	35	30	0	0
Estonian	30	30	0	0
Finnish	15	15	0	0
Hungarian	330	310	0	0
Turkish	315	315	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	55	45	0	0
Amharic	125	115	0	0
Arabic	1,760	1,605	20	55
Hebrew	140	130	0	0
Maltese	15	15	0	0
Tigrigna	20	15	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	320	315	0	0
Gujarati	515	415	0	80
Hindi	1,375	1,290	0	65
Konkani	20	20	0	0
Marathi	60	55	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	1,185	1,050	0	40
Sindhi	95	95	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	70	70	0	0
Urdu	1,100	1,035	0	30
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	95	100	0	0
Pashto	45	30	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	845	795	0	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	50	45	0	0
Kannada	20	15	0	0
Malayalam	105	110	0	0
Tamil	390	375	0	0
Telugu	110	110	0	0
Japanese	250	230	0	0
Korean	790	680	0	40
Cantonese	890	830	0	0
Fukien	25	25	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,260	2,045	0	30
Taiwanese	40	35	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,025	2,735	0	65
Lao	190	155	0	0
Thai	30	30	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	420	350	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	65	60	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	325	325	0	0
Akan (Twi)	85	85	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	70	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	40	35	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	410	365	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	96,200	93,360	1,050	710
Non-movers	83,080	80,710	905	565
Movers	13,120	12,655	140	140
Non-migrants	6,590	6,450	55	30
Migrants	6,525	6,200	85	115
Internal migrants	5,125	4,925	75	70
Intraprovincial migrants	4,515	4,340	65	60
Interprovincial migrants	610	580	0	0
External migrants	1,400	1,275	0	45
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	92,160	89,610	1,035	690
Non-movers	56,780	55,410	600	385
Movers	35,375	34,195	430	300
Non-migrants	15,970	15,545	205	95
Migrants	19,405	18,655	230	210
Internal migrants	14,130	13,780	195	55
Intraprovincial migrants	12,345	12,045	170	35
Interprovincial migrants	1,790	1,735	25	15
External migrants	5,270	4,870	40	155
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	97,100	94,140	1,065	710
Canadian citizens	89,905	87,570	1,025	485
Canadian citizens only	85,795	83,710	915	400
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	4,105	3,860	115	80
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	7,195	6,570	40	230
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	97,095	94,140	1,070	710
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	71,395	69,980	865	195
Born in province of residence	63,975	63,000	445	175
Born outside province of residence	7,420	6,980	420	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	23,910	22,455	190	490
Americas	3,200	3,105	0	70
United States	1,210	1,200	0	0
Jamaica	195	200	0	0
Guyana	415	410	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	215	175	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	125	130	0	0
Colombia	185	170	0	0
El Salvador	150	135	0	0
Peru	70	55	0	0
Chile	35	35	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	605	590	0	0
Europe	8,620	8,155	140	190
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	2,325	2,320	0	0
Italy	155	155	0	0
Germany	1,145	1,115	0	35
Poland	835	815	0	0
Portugal	150	140	0	0
Netherlands	275	275	0	0
France	145	0	95	0
Romania	660	575	20	50
Russian Federation	420	370	0	45
Greece	130	120	0	0
Ukraine	215	210	0	0
Croatia	260	220	0	0
Hungary	130	125	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	420	370	0	40
Serbia	260	240	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	150	155	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	940	905	25	0
Africa	1,620	1,550	45	15
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	445	425	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	145	150	0	0
Nigeria	70	65	0	0
Ethiopia	135	130	0	0
Kenya	145	145	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	660	640	20	0
Asia	10,395	9,575	0	210
India	1,630	1,450	0	80
China^Footnote 24	3,320	3,055	0	45
Philippines	300	300	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	395	380	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	370	310	0	0
Pakistan	710	645	0	35
Sri Lanka	220	210	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	580	550	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	635	545	0	25
Lebanon	75	70	0	0
Taiwan	360	355	0	0
Iraq	140	125	0	0
Bangladesh	180	180	0	0
Afghanistan	45	45	0	0
Japan	75	80	0	0
Turkey	110	110	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,240	1,170	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	75	75	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	70	70	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	1,795	1,705	0	30
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	4,140	3,685	25	225
Americas	730	665	0	60
United States	325	315	0	0
Mexico	105	75	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	40	35	0	0
Colombia	130	120	0	0
Guyana	30	35	0	0
Peru	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	60	60	0	0
Europe	460	380	0	60
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	45	35	0	10
Poland	30	20	0	0
Romania	15	20	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	120	70	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	120	115	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	115	105	0	0
Africa	365	340	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	35	30	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	155	150	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	20	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	145	130	15	0
Asia	2,560	2,290	0	100
Philippines	150	145	0	0
China^Footnote 35	715	625	0	0
India	465	375	0	75
Pakistan	230	205	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	210	210	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	230	185	0	0
Sri Lanka	35	40	0	0
Iraq	20	20	0	0
Bangladesh	35	30	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	40	25	0	0
Taiwan	110	105	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	40	35	0	0
Turkey	25	20	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	20	15	0	0
United Arab Emirates	25	20	0	0
Saudi Arabia	35	40	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	140	130	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	97,095	94,145	1,070	715
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	71,395	69,980	865	190
Immigrants^Footnote 43	23,905	22,455	190	490
Before 1971	4,615	4,505	55	15
1971 to 1980	2,440	2,310	35	0
1981 to 1990	3,010	2,900	0	15
1991 to 2000	5,765	5,365	35	125
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	8,085	7,385	50	325
2001 to 2005	3,945	3,695	25	100
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	4,140	3,690	25	225
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	1,795	1,705	0	30
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	97,095	94,145	1,065	710
First generation^Footnote 48	26,125	24,570	215	520
Second generation^Footnote 49	20,285	19,640	125	175
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	50,685	49,930	720	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	97,100	94,145	1,070	710
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	825	800	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	510	505	0	0
Métis single identity	270	250	20	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	40	40	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	96,270	93,345	1,040	710
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	97,100	94,140	1,065	710
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	210	210	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	96,890	93,935	1,070	710
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	80,445	78,275	970	395
In the labour force	55,220	54,075	645	285
Employed	51,230	50,205	615	225
Unemployed	3,990	3,870	35	65
Not in the labour force	25,220	24,200	325	110
Participation rate	68.6	69.1	66.5	72.2
Employment rate	63.7	64.1	63.4	57.0
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.2	5.4	22.8
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	55,220	54,075	645	285
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	1,160	1,110	0	35
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	54,060	52,960	640	255
Employee	49,020	48,025	615	230
Self-employed	5,040	4,945	30	20
Self-employed (incorporated)	1,795	1,760	0	0
Without paid help	685	655	0	0
With paid help	1,110	1,100	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	3,175	3,120	20	0
Without paid help	2,440	2,410	15	0
With paid help	730	710	0	0
Unpaid family worker	70	70	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	55,220	54,080	645	285
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	1,160	1,115	0	35
All occupations^Footnote 61	54,060	52,965	640	250
0 Management occupations	6,785	6,675	75	0
00 Senior management occupations	705	680	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	3,040	3,005	25	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,985	1,960	0	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,050	1,030	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,680	8,515	80	60
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,155	2,110	30	15
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,780	2,735	20	30
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	915	905	0	0
14 Office support occupations	2,035	1,985	25	15
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	795	785	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	7,195	7,075	75	30
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	5,125	5,050	35	30
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,065	2,025	35	0
3 Health occupations	2,700	2,655	30	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	665	650	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	945	940	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	630	610	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	460	460	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,285	8,085	125	70
40 Professional occupations in education services	4,750	4,595	85	65
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,585	1,575	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	890	885	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	300	290	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	760	740	15	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,775	1,715	40	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	655	630	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,115	1,090	25	0
6 Sales and service occupations	11,190	10,920	160	55
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,420	1,395	20	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,075	1,040	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	2,635	2,540	70	15
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,090	2,055	15	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,615	1,585	0	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,355	2,300	30	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,470	4,435	25	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,770	1,750	0	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	765	760	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	570	565	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	995	980	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	380	375	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	470	460	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	50	50	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	115	115	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	300	300	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,515	2,410	30	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	290	275	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	630	595	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	1,185	1,155	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	410	385	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	55,220	54,080	645	285
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	1,160	1,110	0	35
All industries^Footnote 64	54,055	52,965	640	250
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	230	215	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	25	0	0
22 Utilities	160	155	0	0
23 Construction	2,310	2,300	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	8,370	8,200	75	40
41 Wholesale trade	2,305	2,255	45	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,005	5,895	70	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,045	1,025	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,550	1,515	25	20
52 Finance and insurance	5,110	5,020	60	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	880	840	0	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,790	4,670	95	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	60	60	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,705	1,695	0	0
61 Educational services	7,720	7,515	120	75
62 Health care and social assistance	4,290	4,250	35	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	775	750	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,900	2,830	25	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,685	1,625	25	0
91 Public administration	2,150	2,115	25	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	51,235	50,205	610	220
Usual place of work	43,990	43,120	540	160
Work in CSD of residence	23,810	23,355	275	110
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	16,250	15,925	205	45
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	3,800	3,715	60	0
Work in a different province	130	130	0	0
Worked at home	3,445	3,370	45	20
Worked outside Canada	250	235	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,545	3,475	30	20
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	47,535	46,600	570	185
Car, truck or van - as a driver	37,320	36,615	430	135
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	3,320	3,255	45	0
Public transit	2,590	2,515	45	15
Walked	2,735	2,685	45	0
Bicycle	995	965	0	0
Other methods	580	575	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	59,995	58,695	760	270
English	59,055	58,025	635	240
French	185	100	85	0
Non-official language	420	320	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	420	315	0	0
English and French	120	80	35	0
English and non-official language	190	180	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	59,995	58,700	760	270
None	57,875	56,905	540	200
English	245	160	70	0
French	545	370	155	0
Non-official language	1,245	1,200	0	20
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,235	1,195	0	20
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	75	55	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	80,440	78,275	970	400
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,965	10,435	105	50
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	19,395	18,925	240	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	50,080	48,905	630	290
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	4,260	4,185	45	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	2,045	2,015	20	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	2,215	2,170	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,080	12,835	195	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	3,035	2,945	25	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	29,710	28,940	365	255
Bachelor's degree	16,980	16,635	200	75
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,835	2,765	40	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	695	685	0	0
Master's degree	6,860	6,605	85	125
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	2,335	2,250	40	30
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	50,085	48,905	630	295
Education	3,625	3,545	55	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,575	1,515	30	0
Humanities	4,090	3,970	80	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,095	5,945	115	0
Business, management and public administration	9,560	9,325	140	70
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,680	2,620	15	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,210	4,130	40	40
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,085	9,815	100	110
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	710	695	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	5,690	5,625	35	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,695	1,655	35	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	70	70	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	50,080	48,905	630	295
Inside Canada	40,020	39,310	520	150
Newfoundland and Labrador	200	205	0	0
Prince Edward Island	20	15	0	0
Nova Scotia	365	365	0	0
New Brunswick	180	160	0	0
Quebec	710	600	70	0
Ontario	37,295	36,735	420	110
Manitoba	235	230	0	0
Saskatchewan	110	110	0	0
Alberta	425	415	0	0
British Columbia	475	465	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	10,060	9,595	115	145
Total population in private households by visible minority	97,095	94,140	1,065	710
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	19,835	18,415	75	365
South Asian^Footnote 82	5,145	4,820	0	125
Chinese	6,560	6,055	0	55
Black	1,425	1,360	55	0
Filipino	430	430	0	0
Latin American	1,050	995	0	20
Arab	1,555	1,440	0	35
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	935	815	0	55
West Asian^Footnote 84	1,020	960	0	30
Korean	830	720	0	35
Japanese	225	205	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	285	285	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	375	350	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	77,265	75,725	995	350
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	97,100	94,145	1,065	710
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	48,760	46,670	475	565
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	48,335	47,475	590	145
Canadian - Total responses	21,705	21,210	455	25
Canadian - Single responses	8,720	8,585	130	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	12,985	12,620	325	25
English- Total responses	24,345	24,245	80	0
English - Single responses	4,140	4,125	0	0
English - Multiple responses	20,210	20,120	70	0
French - Total responses	8,565	7,845	700	20
French - Single responses	690	475	210	0
French - Multiple responses	7,875	7,365	490	20
Scottish - Total responses	17,465	17,420	50	0
Scottish - Single responses	1,730	1,725	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	15,735	15,690	35	0
Irish - Total responses	16,920	16,835	80	0
Irish - Single responses	1,370	1,360	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	15,555	15,475	75	0
German - Total responses	24,930	24,770	75	75
German - Single responses	6,300	6,260	0	40
German - Multiple responses	18,630	18,510	75	40
Italian - Total responses	3,255	3,220	15	0
Italian - Single responses	745	740	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	2,510	2,480	15	0
Chinese - Total responses	7,080	6,500	0	100
Chinese - Single responses	6,160	5,615	0	95
Chinese - Multiple responses	925	885	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	1,300	1,270	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	100	100	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,200	1,170	25	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	2,600	2,570	15	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	410	400	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	2,190	2,175	15	0
East Indian - Total responses	3,760	3,515	0	110
East Indian - Single responses	2,785	2,570	0	95
East Indian - Multiple responses	975	945	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	4,770	4,725	15	30
Dutch - Single responses	1,065	1,065	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	3,710	3,665	15	30
Polish- Total responses	4,715	4,660	15	15
Polish - Single responses	1,335	1,295	0	10
Polish - Multiple responses	3,380	3,365	10	0
Filipino - Total responses	500	495	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	330	330	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	170	165	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	2,820	2,810	15	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	475	470	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	2,355	2,340	0	0
Russian- Total responses	1,740	1,650	0	50
Russian - Single responses	400	345	0	50
Russian - Multiple responses	1,340	1,305	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	1,875	1,875	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	80	80	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,795	1,795	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	555	560	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	30	30	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	525	530	0	0
Métis - Total responses	505	445	60	0
Métis - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	490	430	60	0
Portuguese - Total responses	1,190	1,170	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	390	375	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	800	795	0	0
American - Total responses	1,210	1,210	0	0
American - Single responses	175	175	0	0
American - Multiple responses	1,035	1,030	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	960	910	25	20
Spanish - Single responses	145	140	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	815	770	25	20
Swedish - Total responses	815	810	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	115	120	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	695	690	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	1,450	1,415	0	15
Hungarian - Single responses	285	285	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	1,165	1,125	0	15
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	80,440	78,275	970	400
Without income	3,955	3,815	30	35
With income	76,485	74,455	940	365
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	8,635	8,355	70	70
$5,000 to $9,999	5,445	5,315	35	35
$10,000 to $14,999	6,080	5,890	20	30
$15,000 to $19,999	5,180	4,915	110	15
$20,000 to $29,999	8,850	8,580	90	45
$30,000 to $39,999	8,015	7,820	120	35
$40,000 to $49,999	6,765	6,650	65	15
$50,000 to $59,999	6,045	5,860	110	55
$60,000 to $79,999	8,265	8,140	95	10
$80,000 to $99,999	6,135	6,010	110	15
$100,000 and over	7,075	6,925	110	30
$100,000 to $124,999	3,225	3,170	30	20
$125,000 and over	3,850	3,750	80	0
Median income $^Footnote 96	34,738	35,028	43,818	22,312
Average income $^Footnote 97	49,253	49,530	54,655	36,052
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	80,440	78,275	970	395
Without after-tax income	3,970	3,840	30	35
With after-tax income	76,470	74,440	940	360
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	8,765	8,480	75	70
$5,000 to $9,999	5,615	5,480	35	30
$10,000 to $14,999	6,265	6,075	25	30
$15,000 to $19,999	5,515	5,240	115	20
$20,000 to $29,999	10,575	10,245	125	50
$30,000 to $39,999	9,535	9,340	110	45
$40,000 to $49,999	8,160	7,960	125	50
$50,000 to $59,999	6,195	6,090	65	15
$60,000 to $79,999	8,950	8,770	160	20
$80,000 to $99,999	3,510	3,435	40	30
$100,000 and over	3,390	3,320	65	0
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	31,617	31,878	36,746	21,335
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	40,380	40,590	44,122	31,148
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	80,440	78,275	970	400
With employment income	59,175	57,940	740	255
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	36,505	36,529	45,623	38,738
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	49,729	49,773	55,116	42,447
With wages and salaries	55,460	54,300	705	245
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	37,982	37,982	49,061	38,017
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	50,583	50,626	55,603	42,957
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	55,215	54,075	645	285
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	30,120	29,530	415	75
All others^Footnote 108	25,100	24,545	225	205

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.