Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Winnipeg, CY
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 21.3 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	650,000	618,395	21,550	1,985
0 to 4 years	36,935	34,630	710	55
5 to 9 years	35,685	34,535	740	160
10 to 14 years	38,940	37,910	710	235
15 to 19 years	44,025	42,825	805	300
20 to 24 years	48,060	46,610	1,120	165
25 to 29 years	47,385	45,875	1,320	80
30 to 34 years	44,590	43,115	1,105	140
35 to 39 years	43,090	41,570	1,145	125
40 to 44 years	43,650	41,795	1,230	110
45 to 49 years	50,265	47,975	1,590	115
50 to 54 years	49,370	46,555	2,050	65
55 to 59 years	43,785	41,030	2,090	130
60 to 64 years	37,525	35,110	1,845	125
65 to 69 years	26,040	24,015	1,510	45
70 to 74 years	20,070	18,000	1,330	25
75 to 79 years	16,975	15,455	995	40
80 to 84 years	13,015	11,785	670	45
85 years and over	10,600	9,605	580	30
Median age^Footnote 3	38.4	37.8	50.7	29.5
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	538,440	511,325	19,395	1,535
Married or living with a common-law partner	294,210	278,110	11,175	765
Married (and not separated)	251,270	236,780	9,660	730
Living common law	42,935	41,330	1,515	35
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	244,230	233,215	8,215	765
Single (never legally married)	167,125	161,730	4,345	640
Separated	13,925	13,135	610	40
Divorced	34,000	32,210	1,550	20
Widowed	29,180	26,135	1,715	65
Total population in private households by mother tongue	649,995	618,395	21,550	1,985
Single responses	637,495	606,430	21,095	1,905
English	466,945	466,920	0	0
French	21,810	1,365	20,445	0
Non-official languages	148,740	138,145	620	1,905
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	3,025	3,020	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	950	945	0	0
Dene	20	15	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	65	70	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	1,375	1,375	0	0
Oji-Cree	620	615	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	127,065	118,320	285	1,535
Arabic	3,045	2,355	160	280
Bengali	500	475	0	0
Cantonese	3,580	2,835	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5,740	4,685	0	15
Creoles	360	300	30	35
Dutch	1,350	1,345	0	0
German	16,130	15,905	0	150
Greek	1,005	975	0	0
Gujarati	1,110	1,015	0	0
Hindi	1,535	1,455	0	10
Hungarian	1,000	955	0	40
Italian	3,890	3,805	0	25
Korean	2,380	1,990	0	35
Mandarin	2,310	1,980	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	9,520	8,250	0	75
Persian (Farsi)	1,630	1,465	0	25
Polish	5,480	5,165	0	50
Portuguese	5,005	4,460	0	85
Romanian	550	455	0	70
Russian	3,480	3,185	0	85
Serbian	705	645	0	20
Spanish	6,455	5,855	20	180
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	36,195	35,445	25	125
Tamil	465	440	0	20
Ukrainian	9,230	9,000	0	105
Urdu	1,545	1,520	0	0
Vietnamese	2,870	2,350	0	60
Other languages^Footnote 7	18,645	16,805	330	365
Multiple responses	12,500	11,965	460	80
English and French	1,070	810	185	75
English and non-official language	10,815	10,810	0	0
French and non-official language	555	285	270	0
English, French and non-official language	60	55	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	649,995	618,395	21,550	1,985
English only	574,065	574,070	0	0
French only	915	0	915	0
English and French	66,605	44,030	20,585	1,985
Neither English nor French	8,410	300	50	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	649,995	618,395	21,550	1,985
Single responses	625,920	595,155	20,820	1,880
English	542,355	530,665	11,695	0
French	9,325	480	8,840	0
Non-official languages	74,240	64,010	285	1,885
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	625	615	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	180	175	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	305	305	0	0
Oji-Cree	140	135	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	64,965	56,395	140	1,515
Arabic	2,090	1,510	55	280
Bengali	300	270	0	0
Cantonese	2,415	1,620	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	3,885	2,890	0	15
Creoles	195	145	0	40
Dutch	70	65	0	0
German	2,435	2,200	0	150
Greek	475	430	0	0
Gujarati	710	620	0	0
Hindi	860	790	0	0
Hungarian	225	185	0	40
Italian	1,090	1,000	0	25
Korean	2,025	1,645	0	35
Mandarin	1,880	1,585	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	7,210	5,935	0	75
Persian (Farsi)	1,270	1,100	0	35
Polish	2,065	1,750	0	40
Portuguese	1,825	1,295	0	75
Romanian	220	145	0	65
Russian	2,320	2,025	0	85
Serbian	490	425	0	15
Spanish	3,720	3,105	20	175
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	22,370	21,615	0	120
Tamil	140	120	0	15
Ukrainian	1,725	1,520	0	100
Urdu	820	795	0	0
Vietnamese	2,140	1,625	0	60
Other languages^Footnote 11	8,650	7,005	145	365
Multiple responses	24,075	23,240	730	110
English and French	605	120	410	75
English and non-official language	23,075	23,025	45	0
French and non-official language	335	75	260	0
English, French and non-official language	60	15	15	30
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	649,995	618,395	21,550	1,990
None	554,950	536,040	10,910	745
English	40,640	34,355	5,010	840
French	11,445	6,305	5,025	110
Non-official language	41,335	40,445	405	115
Aboriginal	1,685	1,685	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	39,650	38,765	405	115
English and French	145	10	20	115
English and non-official language	715	545	140	0
French and non-official language	735	685	50	0
English, French and non-official language	35	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	178,825	166,385	2,460	1,915
Aboriginal languages	4,475	4,440	25	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	1,535	1,530	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	2,215	2,220	0	0
Oji-Cree	705	705	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	20	20	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	105	110	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	180	155	25	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	174,400	161,995	2,440	1,910
Italian	5,200	5,040	45	50
Portuguese	6,205	5,575	105	90
Romanian	780	680	0	80
Spanish	12,675	11,195	865	200
Dutch	1,675	1,650	25	0
Flemish	150	125	0	0
German	19,745	19,205	245	195
Yiddish	780	780	0	0
Danish	240	230	0	0
Norwegian	145	135	0	0
Swedish	210	195	0	0
Afrikaans	285	285	0	0
Gaelic languages	35	35	0	0
Bosnian	705	665	0	0
Bulgarian	160	155	0	0
Croatian	1,160	1,030	0	70
Czech	605	605	0	0
Macedonian	175	170	0	0
Polish	6,720	6,320	25	95
Russian	4,960	4,510	45	125
Serbian	885	795	0	20
Serbo-Croatian	485	455	0	0
Slovak	210	190	0	0
Slovenian	235	235	0	0
Ukrainian	12,050	11,760	40	115
Latvian	55	55	0	0
Lithuanian	85	75	0	0
Greek	1,400	1,325	40	0
Armenian	65	60	0	0
Albanian	260	255	0	0
Estonian	25	25	0	0
Finnish	170	170	0	0
Hungarian	1,085	1,030	0	50
Turkish	200	185	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	305	295	0	0
Somali	740	690	0	0
Amharic	1,605	1,490	0	15
Arabic	4,430	3,530	275	290
Hebrew	2,550	2,485	0	0
Maltese	20	15	0	0
Tigrigna	1,005	920	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	40	45	0	0
Bengali	630	600	0	0
Gujarati	1,310	1,215	0	0
Hindi	6,850	6,560	0	55
Konkani	55	50	0	0
Marathi	55	50	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	11,915	10,625	0	80
Sindhi	105	105	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	535	520	0	0
Urdu	2,320	2,255	0	0
Nepali	665	470	0	0
Kurdish	265	250	0	0
Pashto	135	130	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,950	1,770	0	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	105	100	0	0
Kannada	60	60	0	0
Malayalam	310	270	0	0
Tamil	555	525	0	20
Telugu	160	160	0	0
Japanese	830	815	0	0
Korean	2,625	2,235	0	35
Cantonese	4,345	3,475	0	0
Fukien	45	45	0	0
Hakka	20	15	0	0
Mandarin	3,550	3,045	0	0
Taiwanese	95	90	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,415	5,345	0	20
Lao	945	805	0	40
Thai	415	375	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	530	390	0	0
Vietnamese	3,770	3,125	20	60
Bisayan languages	1,065	1,060	0	0
Ilocano	1,160	1,150	0	0
Malay	275	270	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	45,615	44,770	60	130
Akan (Twi)	125	125	0	0
Lingala	420	90	290	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	130	20	30	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	230	150	75	0
Swahili	1,190	840	190	95
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	405	280	110	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	955	870	60	0
African languages, n.i.e.	660	605	20	0
Creoles	615	515	65	40
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	4,520	3,930	220	75
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	642,600	611,670	21,430	1,960
Non-movers	550,615	524,460	18,910	1,575
Movers	91,985	87,210	2,520	390
Non-migrants	67,055	64,195	1,980	200
Migrants	24,930	23,015	540	195
Internal migrants	13,250	12,535	415	135
Intraprovincial migrants	6,880	6,685	170	0
Interprovincial migrants	6,375	5,850	245	135
External migrants	11,680	10,485	125	65
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	613,065	583,765	20,840	1,930
Non-movers	359,565	342,605	12,995	985
Movers	253,490	241,160	7,855	950
Non-migrants	171,575	164,815	5,290	380
Migrants	81,920	76,350	2,560	570
Internal migrants	39,730	37,540	1,795	140
Intraprovincial migrants	20,415	19,375	975	0
Interprovincial migrants	19,315	18,165	825	140
External migrants	42,185	38,810	760	430
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	649,995	618,395	21,550	1,985
Canadian citizens	594,270	567,545	20,680	1,430
Canadian citizens only	580,945	555,175	20,310	1,140
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	13,330	12,375	375	290
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	55,720	50,845	865	555
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	649,995	618,400	21,550	1,985
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	501,410	480,130	19,465	540
Born in province of residence	418,805	401,340	15,800	460
Born outside province of residence	82,610	78,795	3,670	80
Immigrants^Footnote 22	142,230	132,460	1,895	1,405
Americas	16,215	15,610	140	225
United States	4,175	4,095	40	35
Jamaica	1,250	1,250	0	0
Guyana	1,070	1,065	0	0
Haiti	95	25	65	0
Mexico	965	835	0	30
Trinidad and Tobago	1,600	1,595	0	0
Colombia	365	330	0	0
El Salvador	1,495	1,410	0	40
Peru	235	220	0	0
Chile	720	700	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	4,260	4,075	25	85
Europe	38,295	36,260	535	395
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	8,570	8,555	0	0
Italy	2,865	2,765	0	25
Germany	4,040	3,990	25	0
Poland	4,730	4,445	0	35
Portugal	3,655	3,150	0	55
Netherlands	1,235	1,225	0	0
France	585	215	365	0
Romania	675	600	0	60
Russian Federation	1,510	1,430	0	0
Greece	590	565	0	0
Ukraine	3,235	3,080	0	35
Croatia	1,015	955	0	0
Hungary	665	635	0	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,015	955	0	0
Serbia	360	325	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	295	295	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	3,255	3,060	75	90
Africa	9,835	8,020	1,130	420
Morocco	360	70	115	165
Algeria	45	0	25	0
Egypt	500	460	0	25
South Africa, Republic of	515	510	0	0
Nigeria	1,325	1,320	0	0
Ethiopia	1,485	1,400	0	10
Kenya	480	460	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	5,135	3,790	955	215
Asia	77,405	72,090	90	365
India	11,245	10,155	0	65
China^Footnote 24	5,980	4,550	0	0
Philippines	43,275	42,680	15	85
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	1,425	1,305	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	3,340	2,695	35	30
Pakistan	1,425	1,360	0	0
Sri Lanka	725	715	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	835	780	0	15
Korea, South^Footnote 27	1,935	1,690	0	20
Lebanon	85	75	0	0
Taiwan	245	240	0	0
Iraq	515	430	0	0
Bangladesh	325	310	0	0
Afghanistan	695	595	0	0
Japan	175	175	0	0
Turkey	80	70	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	5,100	4,265	0	120
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	480	480	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	480	480	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	6,360	5,800	190	40
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	44,780	40,775	775	535
Americas	2,265	2,105	20	40
United States	600	580	0	0
Mexico	380	330	0	0
Cuba	25	25	0	0
Haiti	25	0	20	0
Jamaica	85	80	0	0
Brazil	70	55	0	15
Colombia	185	160	0	0
Guyana	95	100	0	0
Peru	100	90	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	20	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	680	645	0	0
Europe	2,690	2,350	125	35
France	100	0	100	0
Germany	200	190	0	0
Poland	120	100	0	0
Romania	60	45	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	110	100	0	0
Russian Federation	495	450	0	0
Ukraine	735	655	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	300	290	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	575	510	0	0
Africa	4,470	3,370	620	250
Nigeria	865	860	0	0
Ethiopia	575	515	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	215	215	0	0
Algeria	25	0	15	0
Egypt	220	195	0	0
Morocco	130	15	45	70
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	40	0	35	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	480	195	200	70
South Africa, Republic of	80	75	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,805	1,285	290	65
Asia	35,250	32,840	0	215
Philippines	21,360	21,105	0	60
China^Footnote 35	2,420	1,785	0	0
India	5,625	5,100	0	30
Pakistan	560	510	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	375	350	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	1,070	910	0	15
Sri Lanka	200	195	0	0
Iraq	215	150	0	0
Bangladesh	210	195	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	425	315	0	0
Taiwan	60	50	0	0
Afghanistan	125	80	0	0
Japan	55	60	0	0
Turkey	20	0	0	0
Israel	500	450	0	0
Nepal	135	115	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	75	75	0	0
United Arab Emirates	75	80	0	0
Saudi Arabia	90	80	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	160	110	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,490	1,090	0	25
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	110	110	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	650,000	618,395	21,550	1,985
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	501,410	480,130	19,470	540
Immigrants^Footnote 43	142,230	132,465	1,890	1,405
Before 1971	24,195	23,415	255	180
1971 to 1980	18,785	17,720	170	110
1981 to 1990	17,315	16,005	165	110
1991 to 2000	19,730	18,265	220	240
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	62,195	57,055	1,080	765
2001 to 2005	17,420	16,285	310	225
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	44,780	40,770	775	535
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	6,355	5,800	190	40
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	649,995	618,395	21,550	1,985
First generation^Footnote 48	150,375	139,990	2,115	1,455
Second generation^Footnote 49	128,725	125,335	1,775	460
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	370,895	353,070	17,665	70
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	649,995	618,395	21,555	1,985
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	72,335	68,480	3,820	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	29,490	29,320	145	0
Métis single identity	41,235	37,590	3,635	10
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	340	325	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	745	725	15	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	530	515	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	577,665	549,920	17,730	1,975
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	649,995	618,395	21,550	1,985
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	28,285	28,110	145	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	621,715	590,290	21,405	1,985
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	538,440	511,325	19,395	1,535
In the labour force	367,555	352,305	12,135	925
Employed	345,805	331,560	11,585	770
Unemployed	21,755	20,745	550	155
Not in the labour force	170,885	159,020	7,260	610
Participation rate	68.3	68.9	62.6	60.3
Employment rate	64.2	64.8	59.7	50.2
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.9	4.5	16.8
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	367,555	352,305	12,135	925
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	5,970	5,635	135	30
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	361,585	346,670	12,000	895
Employee	335,240	321,510	10,985	835
Self-employed	26,345	25,160	1,010	55
Self-employed (incorporated)	8,610	8,165	410	10
Without paid help	2,780	2,575	205	0
With paid help	5,830	5,595	205	15
Self-employed (unincorporated)	17,375	16,650	595	45
Without paid help	12,635	12,110	435	35
With paid help	4,735	4,540	165	0
Unpaid family worker	360	340	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	367,555	352,305	12,130	920
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	5,965	5,640	135	30
All occupations^Footnote 61	361,590	346,665	12,000	895
0 Management occupations	33,075	31,705	1,255	40
00 Senior management occupations	3,555	3,380	145	15
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	12,980	12,255	715	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	11,300	11,025	215	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	5,240	5,045	180	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	63,220	60,770	2,260	80
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	11,235	10,880	340	15
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	18,985	18,095	835	30
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	3,740	3,615	120	0
14 Office support occupations	20,395	19,565	735	30
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	8,850	8,620	230	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	23,570	22,645	760	70
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	12,085	11,635	355	35
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	11,485	11,015	410	35
3 Health occupations	27,950	26,930	875	110
30 Professional occupations in nursing	7,560	7,250	285	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	6,010	5,830	130	40
32 Technical occupations in health	6,360	6,140	200	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	8,020	7,710	260	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	48,055	45,680	2,130	165
40 Professional occupations in education services	15,340	14,400	850	75
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	10,470	10,030	405	30
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	9,795	9,390	355	30
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	2,920	2,740	175	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	9,530	9,125	340	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	9,805	9,225	560	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	3,930	3,575	350	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	5,875	5,650	220	0
6 Sales and service occupations	88,715	85,240	2,295	250
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	6,840	6,635	180	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	11,745	11,135	290	20
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	16,760	16,350	310	60
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	20,445	19,660	620	85
66 Sales support occupations	12,060	11,725	240	25
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	20,875	19,740	655	60
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	46,750	44,855	1,465	120
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	16,865	16,015	680	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	9,195	8,880	265	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	4,970	4,865	80	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	11,520	11,050	320	80
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	4,195	4,050	120	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,410	3,260	85	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	665	650	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	640	615	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	2,110	1,995	60	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	17,045	16,355	315	15
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	2,050	1,990	45	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	6,210	5,960	115	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	5,180	4,965	75	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	3,605	3,435	85	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	367,555	352,305	12,130	920
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	5,970	5,635	135	30
All industries^Footnote 64	361,590	346,670	12,000	895
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,915	1,805	65	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	480	440	40	0
22 Utilities	4,320	4,150	140	25
23 Construction	20,570	19,590	825	35
31-33 Manufacturing	33,310	32,085	645	40
41 Wholesale trade	14,115	13,575	450	30
44-45 Retail trade	40,915	39,790	835	110
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	18,935	18,165	640	55
51 Information and cultural industries	8,155	7,755	370	0
52 Finance and insurance	17,865	17,140	675	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	5,670	5,515	130	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	19,225	18,650	505	40
55 Management of companies and enterprises	375	365	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	14,905	14,175	565	25
61 Educational services	29,890	28,200	1,540	125
62 Health care and social assistance	49,615	47,550	1,870	125
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	8,475	8,135	315	0
72 Accommodation and food services	26,340	25,245	435	115
81 Other services (except public administration)	16,290	15,750	435	30
91 Public administration	30,235	28,570	1,510	105
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	345,805	331,555	11,585	770
Usual place of work	297,355	285,275	9,775	680
Work in CSD of residence	284,755	273,110	9,420	650
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	1,065	1,050	0	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	10,400	10,035	300	20
Work in a different province	1,135	1,075	50	0
Worked at home	13,185	12,615	495	0
Worked outside Canada	830	775	30	0
No fixed workplace address	34,425	32,895	1,280	55
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	331,785	318,165	11,060	735
Car, truck or van - as a driver	229,155	220,070	7,635	490
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	24,380	23,345	665	40
Public transit	48,530	46,660	1,420	120
Walked	18,095	17,100	760	75
Bicycle	7,075	6,745	310	0
Other methods	4,550	4,255	265	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	392,455	376,175	12,955	1,010
English	382,575	370,725	9,790	885
French	3,600	1,090	2,430	75
Non-official language	3,035	1,995	30	0
Aboriginal	45	45	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,990	1,950	30	0
English and French	1,385	670	685	30
English and non-official language	1,830	1,680	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	15	20	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	392,455	376,175	12,955	1,015
None	369,975	359,295	8,075	790
English	3,665	1,860	1,505	40
French	7,920	4,545	3,275	100
Non-official language	10,495	10,155	40	60
Aboriginal	445	450	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10,050	9,710	40	60
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	375	320	45	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	538,435	511,325	19,395	1,530
No certificate, diploma or degree	106,795	98,740	4,085	305
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	153,960	147,770	4,670	290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	277,685	264,810	10,635	940
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	44,705	42,285	1,995	75
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	26,325	24,920	1,130	45
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	18,385	17,370	870	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	86,025	82,055	3,500	190
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	24,505	23,320	845	145
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	122,445	117,150	4,285	535
Bachelor's degree	80,740	77,575	2,615	290
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	14,535	13,770	635	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	3,950	3,830	55	15
Master's degree	18,535	17,535	790	120
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	4,685	4,455	195	30
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	277,685	264,810	10,640	940
Education	25,205	23,470	1,565	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	9,685	9,275	350	0
Humanities	16,435	15,600	685	75
Social and behavioural sciences and law	27,945	26,800	985	90
Business, management and public administration	58,770	56,120	2,255	165
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10,735	10,335	305	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	12,005	11,595	370	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	51,195	48,945	1,685	230
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	4,730	4,535	125	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	46,800	44,795	1,660	125
Personal, protective and transportation services	14,160	13,315	645	20
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	20	20	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	277,685	264,810	10,635	940
Inside Canada	229,070	218,480	9,980	445
Newfoundland and Labrador	535	540	0	0
Prince Edward Island	80	80	0	0
Nova Scotia	895	865	30	0
New Brunswick	765	585	175	0
Quebec	1,980	1,325	615	40
Ontario	12,205	11,605	550	50
Manitoba	201,595	192,775	8,335	340
Saskatchewan	3,585	3,480	100	0
Alberta	4,290	4,225	50	0
British Columbia	3,080	2,945	120	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	40	35	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	48,610	46,330	655	490
Total population in private households by visible minority	649,995	618,395	21,555	1,985
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	139,190	129,855	1,765	1,105
South Asian^Footnote 82	22,945	21,140	25	165
Chinese	14,980	12,855	40	50
Black	17,410	15,630	1,315	220
Filipino	56,400	55,585	40	110
Latin American	6,475	5,975	45	145
Arab	2,670	2,105	190	230
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	6,990	6,045	40	100
West Asian^Footnote 84	1,965	1,805	0	25
Korean	2,690	2,305	0	35
Japanese	1,400	1,380	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	1,495	1,445	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	3,770	3,585	45	15
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	510,805	488,545	19,790	880
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	650,000	618,395	21,550	1,990
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	315,630	296,920	9,995	1,475
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	334,365	321,480	11,555	510
Canadian - Total responses	108,955	100,890	7,800	95
Canadian - Single responses	39,600	37,735	1,825	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	69,355	63,150	5,975	85
English- Total responses	137,080	135,840	1,135	35
English - Single responses	18,255	18,235	15	0
English - Multiple responses	118,825	117,605	1,120	35
French - Total responses	85,025	68,695	16,220	75
French - Single responses	10,225	4,250	5,955	20
French - Multiple responses	74,795	64,445	10,260	60
Scottish - Total responses	113,465	112,350	1,080	0
Scottish - Single responses	9,330	9,315	20	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	104,135	103,035	1,065	0
Irish - Total responses	85,800	84,600	1,160	0
Irish - Single responses	4,980	4,965	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	80,820	79,630	1,155	0
German - Total responses	105,910	104,750	895	140
German - Single responses	23,350	23,205	30	50
German - Multiple responses	82,565	81,545	865	90
Italian - Total responses	16,830	16,390	270	60
Italian - Single responses	6,085	5,975	0	30
Italian - Multiple responses	10,745	10,410	260	0
Chinese - Total responses	20,120	17,785	75	70
Chinese - Single responses	13,255	11,150	0	35
Chinese - Multiple responses	6,860	6,640	60	35
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	38,395	37,635	730	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	15,800	15,725	55	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	22,600	21,905	675	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	98,860	98,115	380	150
Ukrainian - Single responses	22,970	22,810	0	80
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	75,890	75,310	380	75
East Indian - Total responses	19,610	18,150	45	130
East Indian - Single responses	15,800	14,450	20	125
East Indian - Multiple responses	3,810	3,700	20	0
Dutch - Total responses	25,095	24,895	185	15
Dutch - Single responses	4,600	4,595	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	20,495	20,305	180	0
Polish- Total responses	50,385	49,685	310	95
Polish - Single responses	8,365	8,015	60	45
Polish - Multiple responses	42,020	41,670	255	55
Filipino - Total responses	58,260	57,420	60	115
Filipino - Single responses	48,850	48,115	45	100
Filipino - Multiple responses	9,405	9,300	0	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	12,575	12,490	85	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	1,980	1,970	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	10,600	10,520	80	0
Russian- Total responses	22,485	22,230	70	55
Russian - Single responses	2,665	2,615	0	25
Russian - Multiple responses	19,825	19,615	70	25
Welsh - Total responses	10,515	10,455	60	0
Welsh - Single responses	525	525	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	9,990	9,925	65	0
Norwegian - Total responses	10,630	10,575	65	0
Norwegian - Single responses	725	720	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	9,910	9,850	60	0
Métis - Total responses	41,005	37,600	3,385	25
Métis - Single responses	7,415	6,990	425	0
Métis - Multiple responses	33,595	30,610	2,955	20
Portuguese - Total responses	10,700	9,985	165	90
Portuguese - Single responses	6,465	5,970	45	60
Portuguese - Multiple responses	4,235	4,010	120	30
American - Total responses	5,655	5,355	285	0
American - Single responses	310	300	0	0
American - Multiple responses	5,340	5,055	270	0
Spanish - Total responses	9,940	9,325	320	110
Spanish - Single responses	1,285	1,185	0	40
Spanish - Multiple responses	8,655	8,135	305	75
Swedish - Total responses	12,020	11,965	60	0
Swedish - Single responses	700	700	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	11,315	11,260	60	0
Hungarian - Total responses	5,890	5,770	45	65
Hungarian - Single responses	1,305	1,265	0	40
Hungarian - Multiple responses	4,585	4,505	40	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	538,435	511,320	19,395	1,535
Without income	26,970	25,950	415	205
With income	511,465	485,370	18,980	1,325
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	47,700	45,260	1,315	190
$5,000 to $9,999	38,325	36,435	1,170	155
$10,000 to $14,999	43,135	40,560	1,335	75
$15,000 to $19,999	45,570	42,225	2,110	105
$20,000 to $29,999	78,255	74,405	2,600	250
$30,000 to $39,999	70,800	67,560	2,565	195
$40,000 to $49,999	56,820	54,030	2,475	120
$50,000 to $59,999	40,205	38,230	1,790	50
$60,000 to $79,999	48,940	46,700	2,010	90
$80,000 to $99,999	21,090	20,070	930	55
$100,000 and over	20,630	19,895	680	45
$100,000 to $124,999	9,900	9,505	380	25
$125,000 and over	10,720	10,395	300	20
Median income $^Footnote 96	30,344	30,450	33,330	25,692
Average income $^Footnote 97	38,159	38,347	39,583	31,737
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	538,440	511,325	19,395	1,530
Without after-tax income	27,045	26,015	420	205
With after-tax income	511,395	485,310	18,975	1,325
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	48,790	46,290	1,370	190
$5,000 to $9,999	39,540	37,615	1,210	150
$10,000 to $14,999	45,725	43,025	1,425	90
$15,000 to $19,999	52,380	48,845	2,165	140
$20,000 to $29,999	96,415	91,655	3,450	260
$30,000 to $39,999	83,225	79,285	3,295	215
$40,000 to $49,999	57,885	55,095	2,520	85
$50,000 to $59,999	35,920	34,275	1,510	55
$60,000 to $79,999	33,815	32,165	1,460	115
$80,000 to $99,999	9,075	8,695	350	25
$100,000 and over	8,615	8,380	215	0
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	27,066	27,205	29,580	23,032
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	31,739	31,870	32,945	27,263
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	538,435	511,320	19,395	1,535
With employment income	382,255	366,370	12,770	970
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	31,718	31,654	36,802	23,015
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	38,785	38,790	41,367	34,019
With wages and salaries	362,765	347,880	12,015	880
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	32,379	32,281	38,578	22,917
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	38,889	38,861	42,205	34,153
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	367,555	352,305	12,130	920
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	205,875	197,550	6,985	370
All others^Footnote 108	161,680	154,755	5,150	555

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.