Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural, Education and Labour Characteristics (322), Sex (3) and Income Status in 2010 (6) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural, education and labour characteristics , sex and income status in 2010 for the population in private households in Val-d'Or
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 30.3 %

Selected demographic, sociocultural, education and labour characteristics (322)	Income status in 2010 (6)
	Total - Income status in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure^Footnote 2	Population for the income status based on after-tax low-income measure	Low-income population	Prevalence of low income %	Other population	Concept not applicable^Footnote 3
Total - Age groups^Footnote 4	32,615	31,220	4,030	12.9	27,190	1,395
Under 15 years	5,855	5,270	540	10.2	4,730	585
15 to 24 years	4,305	3,990	540	13.5	3,450	310
25 to 54 years	14,010	13,590	1,455	10.7	12,130	425
25 to 34 years	4,125	3,970	455	11.5	3,515	155
35 to 44 years	4,110	3,930	315	8.0	3,615	175
45 to 54 years	5,780	5,690	690	12.1	4,995	95
55 to 64 years	4,570	4,520	655	14.5	3,860	50
65 years and over	3,875	3,850	840	21.8	3,010	20
65 to 74 years	2,475	2,455	475	19.3	1,985	15
75 years and over	1,400	1,395	370	26.5	1,030	0
Population in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	32,610	31,220	4,030	12.9	27,190	1,395
Married or living with a common-law partner	15,990	15,515	1,205	7.8	14,305	475
Married (and not separated)	7,835	7,695	640	8.3	7,060	140
Living common law	8,150	7,815	570	7.3	7,250	335
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	16,625	15,705	2,820	18.0	12,885	920
Single (never legally married)	13,280	12,400	1,775	14.3	10,625	880
Separated	405	395	100	25.3	295	15
Divorced	1,635	1,620	515	31.8	1,110	15
Widowed	1,300	1,290	430	33.3	860	10
Persons in economic families by family structure and presence and age of children^Footnote 6	27,125	25,770	2,305	8.9	23,460	1,360
Couple family	23,405	22,335	1,600	7.2	20,740	1,070
Couple only	7,940	7,855	735	9.4	7,125	85
Couple with children	15,330	14,355	825	5.7	13,525	980
With children under 18 years	12,665	11,725	715	6.1	11,015	935
Without children under 6 years	6,490	6,340	405	6.4	5,930	150
With children under 6 years	6,175	5,385	300	5.6	5,085	785
Couple with other relatives only	130	125	40	32.0	90	10
Lone-parent family	3,245	2,980	615	20.6	2,360	265
Female-parent family	2,535	2,310	575	24.9	1,740	225
Female-parent family with no other relatives	2,440	2,310	565	24.5	1,740	130
With children under 18 years	1,675	1,560	485	31.1	1,075	120
Without children under 6 years	1,175	1,145	255	22.3	890	35
With children under 6 years	500	415	235	56.6	185	85
Male-parent family	710	670	45	6.7	625	45
Male-parent family with no other relatives	695	670	45	6.7	620	30
With children under 18 years	415	385	35	9.1	350	25
Without children under 6 years	325	315	0	0.0	305	10
With children under 6 years	90	70	20	28.6	50	20
Other economic family^Footnote 7	475	455	95	20.9	365	20
Persons not in economic families aged 15 years and over^Footnote 8	5,490	5,450	1,720	31.6	3,730	35
Less than 65 years	3,940	3,905	1,140	29.2	2,760	35
65 years and over	1,545	1,545	580	37.5	970	0
Total children in economic families^Footnote 9	9,420	8,665	780	9.0	7,880	755
Under 6 years	2,555	2,250	265	11.8	1,985	300
6 to 14 years	3,210	2,955	245	8.3	2,715	255
15 to 17 years	1,230	1,155	110	9.5	1,040	75
18 to 24 years	1,795	1,710	125	7.3	1,575	90
25 years and over	635	600	30	5.0	570	35
Total - Household living arrangements^Footnote 10	32,610	31,220	4,030	12.9	27,190	1,395
Total persons in households with at least one census family	27,070	25,715	2,270	8.8	23,445	1,360
Married spouses, common-law partners	15,880	15,405	1,175	7.6	14,230	470
Lone parents	1,440	1,345	240	17.8	1,105	100
Children in families with two parents present	7,215	6,705	390	5.8	6,315	510
Children in families with one parent present	2,035	1,835	390	21.3	1,445	195
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^Footnote 11	305	245	60	24.5	180	70
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	195	180	0	0.0	160	15
Total persons in non-census family households	5,540	5,505	1,760	32.0	3,745	35
Living with relatives^Footnote 12	245	235	60	25.5	175	10
Living with non-relatives only	760	745	95	12.8	650	10
Living alone	4,535	4,525	1,600	35.4	2,920	10
Total population in private households by citizenship^Footnote 13	32,615	31,220	4,030	12.9	27,190	1,395
Canadian citizens	32,405	31,010	3,970	12.8	27,035	1,395
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,070	6,390	655	10.3	5,740	675
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,330	24,615	3,315	13.5	21,300	720
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 14	210	215	60	27.9	155	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 15	32,615	31,220	4,030	12.9	27,190	1,395
Non-immigrants^Footnote 16	32,120	30,730	3,955	12.9	26,770	1,395
Immigrants^Footnote 17	435	435	30	6.9	405	0
Before 1971	105	105	10	9.5	90	0
1971 to 1980	45	45	0	0.0	45	0
1981 to 1990	15	15	0	0.0	15	0
1991 to 2000	55	60	0	0.0	55	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 18	215	215	0	0.0	205	0
2001 to 2005	75	75	0	0.0	75	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 19	140	140	0	0.0	135	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 20	55	55	0	0.0	15	0
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration^Footnote 21	435	430	30	7.0	405	0
Under 5 years	115	115	0	0.0	115	0
5 to 14 years	35	35	0	0.0	30	0
15 to 24 years	75	70	0	0.0	65	0
25 to 44 years	210	210	10	4.8	200	0
45 years and over	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 22	32,610	31,220	4,030	12.9	27,190	1,395
Non-immigrants^Footnote 23	32,120	30,730	3,960	12.9	26,770	1,395
Born in province of residence	31,085	29,695	3,800	12.8	25,895	1,390
Born outside province of residence	1,040	1,030	160	15.5	875	0
Immigrants^Footnote 24	435	435	30	6.9	405	0
Americas	45	45	0	0.0	45	0
United States	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Peru	10	10	0	0.0	10	0
Chile	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Europe	185	185	15	8.1	170	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 25	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Italy	25	25	0	0.0	20	0
Germany	40	35	0	0.0	30	0
Poland	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
France	75	80	0	0.0	70	0
Romania	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	15	0	0.0	15	0
Africa	150	155	0	0.0	145	0
Morocco	40	40	0	0.0	35	0
Algeria	80	80	0	0.0	80	0
Egypt	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	30	0	0.0	30	0
Asia	45	50	0	0.0	45	0
India	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
China^Footnote 26	15	20	0	0.0	20	0
Philippines	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 27	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Iran^Footnote 28	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 29	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 30	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 31	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 32	60	60	0	0.0	15	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 33	32,610	31,220	4,030	12.9	27,190	1,395
First generation^Footnote 34	500	505	75	14.9	430	0
Second generation^Footnote 35	795	780	85	10.9	695	15
Third generation or more^Footnote 36	31,315	29,940	3,875	12.9	26,060	1,380
Total population in private households by visible minority^Footnote 37	32,615	31,220	4,035	12.9	27,190	1,395
Total visible minority population^Footnote 38	375	380	35	9.2	350	0
South Asian^Footnote 39	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Chinese	25	30	0	0.0	25	0
Black	105	105	0	0.0	105	0
Filipino	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Latin American	35	35	0	0.0	30	0
Arab	140	145	20	13.8	125	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 40	45	45	0	0.0	50	0
West Asian^Footnote 41	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 42	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 43	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 44	32,235	30,845	4,000	13.0	26,845	1,395
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	32,610	31,220	4,030	12.9	27,190	1,395
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 45	2,240	850	155	18.2	695	1,390
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 46	1,790	405	90	22.2	315	1,380
Métis single identity	395	395	50	12.7	345	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 47	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 48	40	30	0	0.0	25	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	30,370	30,370	3,875	12.8	26,495	0
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 49	32,615	31,220	4,035	12.9	27,190	1,390
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 50	1,840	455	60	13.2	390	1,385
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	30,770	30,765	3,965	12.9	26,800	10
Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 51	32,615	31,220	4,030	12.9	27,190	1,395
Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 52	3,175	1,780	300	16.9	1,480	1,390
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^Footnote 53	2,950	1,560	265	17.0	1,300	1,390
Métis ancestry	220	210	35	16.7	175	15
Inuit ancestry	35	35	0	0.0	30	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^Footnote 54	29,440	29,440	3,730	12.7	25,710	0
Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 55	32,615	31,220	4,030	12.9	27,190	1,395
English	865	785	125	15.9	660	80
French	30,630	29,955	3,865	12.9	26,090	675
Non-official language	960	355	25	7.0	325	610
Aboriginal	635	30	0	0.0	30	610
Non-Aboriginal	325	320	25	7.8	300	0
English and French	95	95	0	0.0	90	0
English and non-official language	15	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
French and non-official language	45	20	0	0.0	0	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^Footnote 56	32,615	31,220	4,035	12.9	27,190	1,395
English	975	855	130	15.2	725	115
French	31,500	30,290	3,900	12.9	26,390	1,215
English and French	125	75	0	0.0	70	55
Neither English nor French	10	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 57	32,210	30,890	4,005	13.0	26,885	1,325
Non-movers	28,495	27,365	3,380	12.4	23,985	1,135
Movers	3,715	3,520	625	17.8	2,895	195
Non-migrants	2,475	2,305	410	17.8	1,895	170
Migrants	1,235	1,215	215	17.7	1,000	25
Internal migrants	1,120	1,100	155	14.1	945	20
Intraprovincial migrants	1,055	1,030	135	13.1	900	20
Interprovincial migrants	65	70	20	28.6	50	0
External migrants	115	115	60	52.2	50	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 58	30,475	29,360	3,810	13.0	25,550	1,115
Non-movers	19,230	18,630	2,250	12.1	16,380	605
Movers	11,240	10,730	1,560	14.5	9,170	510
Non-migrants	8,010	7,560	1,240	16.4	6,320	450
Migrants	3,235	3,170	320	10.1	2,850	70
Internal migrants	3,105	3,040	285	9.4	2,750	65
Intraprovincial migrants	3,000	2,935	280	9.5	2,660	65
Interprovincial migrants	105	105	0	0.0	95	0
External migrants	130	130	30	23.1	100	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 59	26,760	25,950	3,490	13.4	22,455	815
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,970	7,390	1,610	21.8	5,775	580
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 60	5,675	5,620	635	11.3	4,985	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 61	13,120	12,940	1,250	9.7	11,695	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 62	5,505	5,385	700	13.0	4,680	125
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,550	3,520	290	8.2	3,235	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 63	1,110	1,085	75	6.9	1,010	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,955	2,950	180	6.1	2,775	0
Bachelor's degree	2,200	2,200	120	5.5	2,085	0
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 64	750	750	60	8.0	690	0
Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 65	18,580	18,105	2,110	11.7	15,995	475
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,195	3,900	755	19.4	3,145	295
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 66	3,665	3,640	420	11.5	3,220	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 67	10,720	10,560	935	8.9	9,630	155
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 68	4,505	4,395	505	11.5	3,890	105
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,700	2,670	225	8.4	2,450	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 69	915	890	60	6.7	830	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,600	2,595	135	5.2	2,460	0
Bachelor's degree	1,935	1,940	75	3.9	1,865	0
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 70	660	660	65	9.8	600	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 71	26,760	25,950	3,490	13.4	22,455	810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 72	13,640	13,015	2,245	17.2	10,770	635
Education	1,115	1,090	40	3.7	1,050	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	290	290	35	12.1	255	0
Humanities	485	480	25	5.2	455	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	720	700	25	3.6	675	20
Business, management and public administration	3,075	3,060	315	10.3	2,740	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	385	385	0	0.0	340	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	200	0	0.0	175	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,980	3,945	445	11.3	3,505	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	365	345	30	8.7	315	20
Health and related fields^Footnote 73	1,420	1,400	145	10.4	1,260	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,065	1,040	105	10.1	930	20
Other fields of study^Footnote 74	10	0	0	not applicable ...	0	10
Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence^Footnote 75	26,760	25,950	3,495	13.5	22,455	810
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,640	13,010	2,240	17.2	10,770	630
With postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,120	12,940	1,250	9.7	11,690	180
Location of study inside Canada	12,940	12,760	1,200	9.4	11,560	180
Same as province or territory of residence	12,495	12,320	1,130	9.2	11,185	175
Another province or territory	445	440	70	15.9	370	10
Location of study outside Canada	180	185	50	27.0	130	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 76	26,765	25,950	3,495	13.5	22,455	815
In the labour force	18,170	17,850	1,525	8.5	16,330	325
Employed	16,900	16,715	1,320	7.9	15,395	185
Unemployed	1,270	1,135	205	18.1	930	135
Not in the labour force	8,590	8,100	1,970	24.3	6,130	490
Participation rate	67.9	68.8	43.6	not applicable ...	72.7	39.9
Employment rate	63.1	64.4	37.8	not applicable ...	68.6	22.7
Unemployment rate	7.0	6.4	13.4	not applicable ...	5.7	41.5
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by class of worker^Footnote 77	26,760	25,950	3,495	13.5	22,460	810
Class of worker - not applicable^Footnote 78	7,380	6,960	1,800	25.9	5,160	420
All classes of worker^Footnote 79	19,385	18,990	1,695	8.9	17,300	390
Employee	18,030	17,650	1,525	8.6	16,120	385
Self-employed^Footnote 80	1,350	1,345	170	12.6	1,175	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^Footnote 81	26,765	25,950	3,495	13.5	22,460	810
Occupation - not applicable^Footnote 82	7,380	6,955	1,800	25.9	5,160	420
All occupations^Footnote 83	19,380	18,990	1,695	8.9	17,295	390
0 Management occupations	1,565	1,540	65	4.2	1,475	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,875	2,825	190	6.7	2,635	50
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,570	1,560	190	12.2	1,370	15
3 Health occupations	1,080	1,070	35	3.3	1,035	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,035	1,950	90	4.6	1,860	85
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	275	260	75	28.8	185	15
6 Sales and service occupations	5,155	5,105	715	14.0	4,390	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,915	2,815	185	6.6	2,630	100
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,190	1,145	85	7.4	1,055	45
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	730	725	65	9.0	660	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 84	26,765	25,950	3,495	13.5	22,455	810
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 85	7,380	6,960	1,800	25.9	5,160	420
All industries^Footnote 86	19,380	18,995	1,695	8.9	17,295	390
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	320	295	20	6.8	275	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,395	2,390	150	6.3	2,235	10
22 Utilities	185	185	0	0.0	180	0
23 Construction	825	815	25	3.1	795	10
31-33 Manufacturing	1,290	1,280	85	6.6	1,200	10
41 Wholesale trade	735	730	0	0.0	715	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,510	2,510	235	9.4	2,280	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	695	685	115	16.8	570	10
51 Information and cultural industries	455	450	0	0.0	445	0
52 Finance and insurance	440	440	60	13.6	375	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	225	220	25	11.4	195	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,185	1,180	205	17.4	980	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	620	620	100	16.1	520	0
61 Educational services	1,055	1,035	35	3.4	1,000	20
62 Health care and social assistance	2,420	2,350	135	5.7	2,210	70
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	230	230	65	28.3	165	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,585	1,575	235	14.9	1,335	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,010	1,005	140	13.9	865	0
91 Public administration	1,195	990	30	3.0	960	205
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010^Footnote 87	26,760	25,950	3,495	13.5	22,455	810
Did not work in 2010^Footnote 88	7,990	7,530	1,920	25.5	5,610	460
Worked in 2010	18,770	18,425	1,575	8.5	16,850	345
1 to 13 weeks	1,360	1,280	310	24.2	970	85
14 to 26 weeks	1,720	1,625	170	10.5	1,455	100
27 to 39 weeks	1,220	1,185	165	13.9	1,020	30
40 to 48 weeks	2,925	2,895	175	6.0	2,720	30
49 to 52 weeks	11,550	11,445	755	6.6	10,685	105
Average weeks worked in 2010	43.3	43.5	36.8	not applicable ...	44.2	30.3
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010^Footnote 89	26,760	25,950	3,495	13.5	22,460	810
Did not work in 2010^Footnote 90	7,990	7,525	1,920	25.5	5,610	465
Worked in 2010	18,770	18,425	1,570	8.5	16,845	345
Worked full-time in 2010	15,125	14,790	1,050	7.1	13,735	335
Worked part-time in 2010	3,645	3,635	525	14.4	3,110	10

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Low income can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey, the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT).

For this measure, the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale, the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household.

All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status.

Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS), low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns, direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys, administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However, analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e., for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information, refer to the Income Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006.

Footnote 3

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting or fishing) could have made the interpretation of low-income rates more difficult.

Footnote 4

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 7

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

Footnote 8

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 9

Economic family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex.

Persons in the economic family other than the economic family reference person are classified as the married spouse or the common-law partner of the reference person, children of the reference person (including grandchildren), or other economic family members (including foster children). Children of the reference person may be of any age or marital status.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 13

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 14

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 15

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 16

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 17

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 18

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 19

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 21

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 22

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 23

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 24

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 25

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 26

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 27

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 28

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 29

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 30

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 31

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 32

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 33

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 34

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 35

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 36

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 37

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups:  South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

Footnote 38

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 39

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 40

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 41

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 42

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 43

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 44

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 45

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 46

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 47

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian. 'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 51

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'

Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

Footnote 55

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Footnote 56

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

Footnote 57

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 58

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 59

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 60

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 61

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 62

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 63

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

Footnote 64

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 65

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 66

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 67

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 68

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 69

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

Footnote 70

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 71

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.



For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.



For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 72

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 73

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 74

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 75

'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 77

Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business, as well as unpaid family workers.

Footnote 78

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 79

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 80

Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers.

Footnote 81

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

Footnote 82

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 83

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 84

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 85

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 86

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 87

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 88

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

Footnote 89

Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not, on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks.

Footnote 90

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011043.