Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural, Education and Labour Characteristics (322), Sex (3) and Income Status in 2010 (6) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural, education and labour characteristics , sex and income status in 2010 for the population in private households in Brooks
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 45.1 %

Selected demographic, sociocultural, education and labour characteristics (322)	Income status in 2010 (6)
	Total - Income status in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure^Footnote 2	Population for the income status based on after-tax low-income measure	Low-income population	Prevalence of low income %	Other population	Concept not applicable^Footnote 3
Total - Age groups^Footnote 4	22,550	22,550	2,420	10.7	20,135	0
Under 15 years	5,020	5,020	750	14.9	4,275	0
15 to 24 years	2,795	2,795	240	8.6	2,560	0
25 to 54 years	10,415	10,415	945	9.1	9,470	0
25 to 34 years	3,645	3,645	355	9.7	3,295	0
35 to 44 years	3,530	3,530	265	7.5	3,270	0
45 to 54 years	3,240	3,240	335	10.3	2,905	0
55 to 64 years	2,375	2,380	330	13.9	2,045	0
65 years and over	1,945	1,945	155	8.0	1,795	0
65 to 74 years	1,235	1,235	90	7.3	1,145	0
75 years and over	710	710	65	9.2	645	0
Population in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	22,550	22,550	2,420	10.7	20,135	0
Married or living with a common-law partner	11,690	11,690	740	6.3	10,950	0
Married (and not separated)	9,940	9,940	665	6.7	9,275	0
Living common law	1,745	1,750	80	4.6	1,670	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	10,860	10,860	1,675	15.4	9,180	0
Single (never legally married)	9,120	9,120	1,195	13.1	7,925	0
Separated	400	400	175	43.8	230	0
Divorced	915	920	210	22.8	710	0
Widowed	420	425	95	22.4	325	0
Persons in economic families by family structure and presence and age of children^Footnote 6	19,490	19,490	1,890	9.7	17,595	0
Couple family	17,660	17,655	1,255	7.1	16,400	0
Couple only	5,095	5,095	235	4.6	4,865	0
Couple with children	12,375	12,370	1,025	8.3	11,345	0
With children under 18 years	10,820	10,820	935	8.6	9,885	0
Without children under 6 years	5,365	5,360	400	7.5	4,965	0
With children under 6 years	5,455	5,455	535	9.8	4,920	0
Couple with other relatives only	190	190	0	0.0	190	0
Lone-parent family	1,605	1,605	635	39.6	970	0
Female-parent family	1,350	1,350	610	45.2	740	0
Female-parent family with no other relatives	1,315	1,310	605	46.2	710	0
With children under 18 years	1,040	1,035	560	54.1	475	0
Without children under 6 years	575	575	255	44.3	320	0
With children under 6 years	465	465	305	65.6	160	0
Male-parent family	255	255	25	9.8	230	0
Male-parent family with no other relatives	255	250	25	10.0	230	0
With children under 18 years	150	150	25	16.7	125	0
Without children under 6 years	100	100	20	20.0	80	0
With children under 6 years	50	50	0	0.0	50	0
Other economic family^Footnote 7	225	225	0	0.0	225	0
Persons not in economic families aged 15 years and over^Footnote 8	3,060	3,060	525	17.2	2,535	0
Less than 65 years	2,510	2,515	380	15.1	2,125	0
65 years and over	550	550	140	25.5	410	0
Total children in economic families^Footnote 9	7,125	7,125	940	13.2	6,185	0
Under 6 years	2,170	2,170	315	14.5	1,855	0
6 to 14 years	2,815	2,815	425	15.1	2,385	0
15 to 17 years	885	885	115	13.0	765	0
18 to 24 years	910	910	35	3.8	875	0
25 years and over	345	345	35	10.1	305	0
Total - Household living arrangements^Footnote 10	22,550	22,550	2,415	10.7	20,135	0
Total persons in households with at least one census family	19,730	19,735	1,895	9.6	17,840	0
Married spouses, common-law partners	11,365	11,370	735	6.5	10,630	0
Lone parents	660	655	225	34.4	435	0
Children in families with two parents present	6,070	6,065	525	8.7	5,545	0
Children in families with one parent present	1,005	1,010	410	40.6	600	0
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^Footnote 11	240	240	0	0.0	240	0
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	395	395	0	0.0	395	0
Total persons in non-census family households	2,815	2,820	525	18.6	2,290	0
Living with relatives^Footnote 12	155	155	0	0.0	150	0
Living with non-relatives only	885	885	95	10.7	785	0
Living alone	1,785	1,780	430	24.2	1,355	0
Total population in private households by citizenship^Footnote 13	22,550	22,550	2,415	10.7	20,135	0
Canadian citizens	20,465	20,470	2,195	10.7	18,270	0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,575	5,580	815	14.6	4,765	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,890	14,890	1,380	9.3	13,505	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 14	2,085	2,085	220	10.6	1,860	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 15	22,550	22,550	2,415	10.7	20,130	0
Non-immigrants^Footnote 16	18,570	18,570	2,040	11.0	16,535	0
Immigrants^Footnote 17	3,420	3,420	375	11.0	3,040	0
Before 1971	240	240	25	10.4	210	0
1971 to 1980	150	150	0	0.0	140	0
1981 to 1990	295	290	20	6.9	270	0
1991 to 2000	695	695	45	6.5	655	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 18	2,040	2,040	275	13.5	1,770	0
2001 to 2005	520	520	80	15.4	440	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 19	1,525	1,520	200	13.2	1,325	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 20	555	560	0	0.0	555	0
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration^Footnote 21	3,420	3,420	375	11.0	3,045	0
Under 5 years	375	375	55	14.7	320	0
5 to 14 years	585	585	35	6.0	555	0
15 to 24 years	705	700	55	7.9	645	0
25 to 44 years	1,620	1,620	205	12.7	1,415	0
45 years and over	135	135	30	22.2	105	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 22	22,550	22,550	2,420	10.7	20,135	0
Non-immigrants^Footnote 23	18,575	18,575	2,040	11.0	16,535	0
Born in province of residence	12,030	12,030	1,350	11.2	10,685	0
Born outside province of residence	6,540	6,540	685	10.5	5,850	0
Immigrants^Footnote 24	3,420	3,425	380	11.1	3,040	0
Americas	705	705	60	8.5	640	0
United States	100	105	0	0.0	95	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Mexico	305	300	40	13.3	260	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Colombia	160	160	0	0.0	160	0
El Salvador	50	50	0	0.0	50	0
Peru	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	80	80	0	0.0	65	0
Europe	570	565	85	15.0	485	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 25	205	210	0	0.0	200	0
Italy	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Germany	75	75	0	0.0	40	0
Poland	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Netherlands	105	110	0	0.0	95	0
France	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Russian Federation	35	35	0	0.0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Ukraine	45	45	0	0.0	40	0
Croatia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	45	45	0	0.0	40	0
Africa	885	885	170	19.2	715	0
Morocco	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	30	0	0.0	25	0
Nigeria	65	70	0	0.0	70	0
Ethiopia	255	255	90	35.3	165	0
Kenya	35	35	0	0.0	35	0
Other places of birth in Africa	500	495	75	15.2	425	0
Asia	1,245	1,245	60	4.8	1,185	0
India	55	50	25	50.0	30	0
China^Footnote 26	175	175	0	0.0	175	0
Philippines	500	500	0	0.0	500	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	10	10	0	0.0	15	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 27	80	80	0	0.0	80	0
Pakistan	135	135	0	0.0	135	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Iran^Footnote 28	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 29	35	30	0	0.0	20	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	240	240	25	10.4	220	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 30	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 31	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 32	555	560	0	0.0	555	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 33	22,550	22,550	2,415	10.7	20,130	0
First generation^Footnote 34	4,000	4,005	375	9.4	3,625	0
Second generation^Footnote 35	4,105	4,105	385	9.4	3,725	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 36	14,440	14,445	1,655	11.5	12,785	0
Total population in private households by visible minority^Footnote 37	22,550	22,550	2,415	10.7	20,135	0
Total visible minority population^Footnote 38	3,675	3,680	310	8.4	3,370	0
South Asian^Footnote 39	270	275	20	7.3	250	0
Chinese	360	360	0	0.0	360	0
Black	1,030	1,030	135	13.1	895	0
Filipino	890	890	0	0.0	890	0
Latin American	405	410	0	0.0	390	0
Arab	215	215	45	20.9	175	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 40	220	220	55	25.0	165	0
West Asian^Footnote 41	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Korean	50	50	30	60.0	20	0
Japanese	95	95	0	0.0	90	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 42	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 43	120	115	0	0.0	115	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 44	18,870	18,875	2,105	11.2	16,765	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	22,550	22,550	2,415	10.7	20,135	0
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 45	995	995	235	23.6	760	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 46	420	420	165	39.3	260	0
Métis single identity	560	555	75	13.5	480	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 47	10	10	0	0.0	10	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 48	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	21,555	21,555	2,180	10.1	19,375	0
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 49	22,550	22,550	2,415	10.7	20,135	0
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 50	230	230	120	52.2	110	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	22,315	22,315	2,290	10.3	20,025	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 51	22,550	22,550	2,420	10.7	20,135	0
Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 52	1,195	1,200	305	25.4	890	0
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^Footnote 53	580	575	215	37.4	360	0
Métis ancestry	670	665	105	15.8	560	0
Inuit ancestry	10	10	0	0.0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^Footnote 54	21,355	21,355	2,115	9.9	19,240	0
Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 55	22,550	22,550	2,415	10.7	20,135	0
English	17,735	17,740	1,890	10.7	15,850	0
French	310	315	45	14.3	270	0
Non-official language	4,265	4,265	465	10.9	3,800	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,250	4,255	455	10.7	3,800	0
English and French	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
English and non-official language	230	225	20	8.9	205	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^Footnote 56	22,550	22,550	2,415	10.7	20,135	0
English	21,930	21,930	2,315	10.6	19,620	0
French	320	325	45	13.8	280	0
English and French	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Neither English nor French	295	290	50	17.2	240	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 57	22,120	22,120	2,385	10.8	19,740	0
Non-movers	19,065	19,060	1,880	9.9	17,185	0
Movers	3,060	3,060	510	16.7	2,555	0
Non-migrants	2,040	2,040	330	16.2	1,710	0
Migrants	1,020	1,020	180	17.6	840	0
Internal migrants	740	740	50	6.8	685	0
Intraprovincial migrants	450	455	20	4.4	430	0
Interprovincial migrants	290	285	30	10.5	255	0
External migrants	280	280	125	44.6	155	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 58	20,695	20,695	2,200	10.6	18,495	0
Non-movers	11,945	11,950	1,335	11.2	10,615	0
Movers	8,745	8,745	860	9.8	7,880	0
Non-migrants	4,570	4,565	490	10.7	4,075	0
Migrants	4,180	4,180	370	8.9	3,810	0
Internal migrants	2,515	2,515	210	8.3	2,305	0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,535	1,530	135	8.8	1,400	0
Interprovincial migrants	985	980	75	7.7	910	0
External migrants	1,660	1,660	155	9.3	1,505	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 59	17,530	17,535	1,670	9.5	15,860	0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,490	4,490	455	10.1	4,035	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 60	5,465	5,465	505	9.2	4,960	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 61	7,580	7,580	715	9.4	6,865	0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 62	2,425	2,425	215	8.9	2,215	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,880	2,880	410	14.2	2,470	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 63	425	425	0	0.0	415	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,845	1,850	80	4.3	1,765	0
Bachelor's degree	1,405	1,405	65	4.6	1,345	0
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 64	440	440	0	0.0	425	0
Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 65	12,795	12,795	1,280	10.0	11,510	0
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,515	2,515	300	11.9	2,215	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 66	3,915	3,915	385	9.8	3,530	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 67	6,365	6,365	595	9.3	5,770	0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 68	2,025	2,020	165	8.2	1,865	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,400	2,395	350	14.6	2,045	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 69	295	295	0	0.0	280	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,650	1,650	75	4.5	1,580	0
Bachelor's degree	1,250	1,250	60	4.8	1,190	0
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 70	400	400	0	0.0	385	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 71	17,530	17,535	1,670	9.5	15,865	0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 72	9,955	9,950	955	9.6	8,995	0
Education	900	900	30	3.3	870	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	155	155	0	0.0	150	0
Humanities	185	185	0	0.0	175	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	340	340	85	25.0	250	0
Business, management and public administration	1,425	1,425	125	8.8	1,300	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	135	0	0.0	130	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	150	150	0	0.0	140	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,220	2,220	215	9.7	2,000	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	525	525	115	21.9	410	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 73	1,125	1,120	70	6.3	1,055	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	420	420	35	8.3	385	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 74	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence^Footnote 75	17,535	17,530	1,670	9.5	15,860	0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,955	9,955	960	9.6	8,995	0
With postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,580	7,580	710	9.4	6,870	0
Location of study inside Canada	6,235	6,235	630	10.1	5,605	0
Same as province or territory of residence	4,610	4,610	545	11.8	4,065	0
Another province or territory	1,625	1,625	90	5.5	1,540	0
Location of study outside Canada	1,345	1,345	80	5.9	1,265	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 76	17,530	17,530	1,670	9.5	15,860	0
In the labour force	13,365	13,365	1,040	7.8	12,325	0
Employed	12,635	12,635	995	7.9	11,640	0
Unemployed	730	730	40	5.5	690	0
Not in the labour force	4,165	4,170	635	15.2	3,535	0
Participation rate	76.2	76.2	62.3	not applicable ...	77.7	0.0
Employment rate	72.1	72.1	59.6	not applicable ...	73.4	0.0
Unemployment rate	5.5	5.5	3.8	not applicable ...	5.6	0.0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by class of worker^Footnote 77	17,535	17,530	1,665	9.5	15,865	0
Class of worker - not applicable^Footnote 78	3,285	3,285	525	16.0	2,760	0
All classes of worker^Footnote 79	14,245	14,245	1,145	8.0	13,100	0
Employee	11,980	11,985	865	7.2	11,115	0
Self-employed^Footnote 80	2,260	2,265	280	12.4	1,985	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^Footnote 81	17,535	17,530	1,670	9.5	15,860	0
Occupation - not applicable^Footnote 82	3,285	3,285	525	16.0	2,765	0
All occupations^Footnote 83	14,245	14,245	1,145	8.0	13,100	0
0 Management occupations	1,505	1,510	155	10.3	1,350	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,630	1,630	85	5.2	1,540	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	600	600	0	0.0	600	0
3 Health occupations	650	650	0	0.0	640	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,320	1,320	25	1.9	1,295	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	175	175	35	20.0	145	0
6 Sales and service occupations	2,710	2,705	365	13.5	2,345	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,405	2,405	275	11.4	2,130	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,460	1,465	65	4.4	1,400	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,785	1,785	130	7.3	1,655	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 84	17,530	17,530	1,670	9.5	15,860	0
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 85	3,285	3,285	525	16.0	2,760	0
All industries^Footnote 86	14,245	14,245	1,145	8.0	13,100	0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,075	1,075	115	10.7	955	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,065	2,060	65	3.2	1,995	0
22 Utilities	205	200	0	0.0	110	0
23 Construction	920	915	55	6.0	865	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,900	1,900	175	9.2	1,720	0
41 Wholesale trade	470	470	20	4.3	450	0
44-45 Retail trade	1,180	1,175	80	6.8	1,095	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	470	475	75	15.8	400	0
51 Information and cultural industries	110	110	0	0.0	95	0
52 Finance and insurance	290	285	0	0.0	275	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	205	205	0	0.0	185	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	560	560	45	8.0	515	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	240	240	30	12.5	205	0
61 Educational services	1,135	1,135	60	5.3	1,080	0
62 Health care and social assistance	1,025	1,020	35	3.4	985	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	155	155	0	0.0	140	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,060	1,060	125	11.8	935	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	625	630	60	9.5	565	0
91 Public administration	510	505	35	6.9	475	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010^Footnote 87	17,535	17,535	1,670	9.5	15,860	0
Did not work in 2010^Footnote 88	3,655	3,660	650	17.8	3,005	0
Worked in 2010	13,875	13,875	1,015	7.3	12,855	0
1 to 13 weeks	825	830	125	15.1	705	0
14 to 26 weeks	1,265	1,265	175	13.8	1,090	0
27 to 39 weeks	955	955	45	4.7	915	0
40 to 48 weeks	2,395	2,400	180	7.5	2,220	0
49 to 52 weeks	8,425	8,430	500	5.9	7,930	0
Average weeks worked in 2010	43.6	43.6	38.4	not applicable ...	44.0	0.0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010^Footnote 89	17,530	17,530	1,665	9.5	15,865	0
Did not work in 2010^Footnote 90	3,655	3,655	650	17.8	3,010	0
Worked in 2010	13,875	13,875	1,020	7.4	12,860	0
Worked full-time in 2010	11,400	11,400	755	6.6	10,650	0
Worked part-time in 2010	2,475	2,475	265	10.7	2,210	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Low income can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey, the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT).

For this measure, the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale, the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household.

All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status.

Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS), low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns, direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys, administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However, analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e., for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information, refer to the Income Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006.

Footnote 3

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting or fishing) could have made the interpretation of low-income rates more difficult.

Footnote 4

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 7

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

Footnote 8

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 9

Economic family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex.

Persons in the economic family other than the economic family reference person are classified as the married spouse or the common-law partner of the reference person, children of the reference person (including grandchildren), or other economic family members (including foster children). Children of the reference person may be of any age or marital status.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 13

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 14

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 15

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 16

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 17

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 18

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 19

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 21

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 22

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 23

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 24

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 25

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 26

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 27

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 28

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 29

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 30

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 31

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 32

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 33

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 34

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 35

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 36

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 37

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups:  South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

Footnote 38

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 39

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 40

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 41

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 42

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 43

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 44

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 45

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 46

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 47

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian. 'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 51

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'

Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

Footnote 55

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Footnote 56

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

Footnote 57

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 58

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 59

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 60

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 61

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 62

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 63

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

Footnote 64

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 65

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 66

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 67

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 68

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 69

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

Footnote 70

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 71

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.



For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.



For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 72

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 73

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 74

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 75

'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 77

Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business, as well as unpaid family workers.

Footnote 78

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 79

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 80

Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers.

Footnote 81

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

Footnote 82

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 83

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 84

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 85

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 86

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 87

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 88

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

Footnote 89

Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not, on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks.

Footnote 90

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011043.