Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural, Education and Labour Characteristics (322), Sex (3) and Income Status in 2010 (6) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural, education and labour characteristics , sex and income status in 2010 for the population in private households in Penticton
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 30.3 %

Selected demographic, sociocultural, education and labour characteristics (322)	Income status in 2010 (6)
	Total - Income status in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure^Footnote 2	Population for the income status based on after-tax low-income measure	Low-income population	Prevalence of low income %	Other population	Concept not applicable^Footnote 3
Total - Age groups^Footnote 4	41,335	39,670	6,965	17.6	32,705	1,665
Under 15 years	5,470	5,240	1,160	22.1	4,075	230
15 to 24 years	4,470	4,280	900	21.0	3,385	185
25 to 54 years	14,595	14,205	2,475	17.4	11,730	390
25 to 34 years	3,750	3,640	600	16.5	3,040	110
35 to 44 years	4,195	4,055	750	18.5	3,310	135
45 to 54 years	6,655	6,510	1,125	17.3	5,385	145
55 to 64 years	6,595	6,335	1,045	16.5	5,290	255
65 years and over	10,215	9,615	1,390	14.5	8,225	605
65 to 74 years	5,085	4,730	685	14.5	4,045	350
75 years and over	5,130	4,885	705	14.4	4,180	250
Population in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	41,335	39,670	6,965	17.6	32,705	1,665
Married or living with a common-law partner	20,965	20,140	1,895	9.4	18,245	825
Married (and not separated)	17,565	16,900	1,460	8.6	15,440	670
Living common law	3,395	3,245	435	13.4	2,810	150
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	20,370	19,530	5,070	26.0	14,460	840
Single (never legally married)	13,325	12,770	3,120	24.4	9,650	555
Separated	1,105	1,045	350	33.5	695	65
Divorced	3,180	3,080	945	30.7	2,135	100
Widowed	2,765	2,635	655	24.9	1,980	125
Persons in economic families by family structure and presence and age of children^Footnote 6	33,250	31,870	4,515	14.2	27,350	1,385
Couple family	27,940	26,910	2,515	9.3	24,400	1,030
Couple only	12,525	11,925	1,175	9.9	10,755	600
Couple with children	14,725	14,300	1,325	9.3	12,980	420
With children under 18 years	11,475	11,135	1,095	9.8	10,040	345
Without children under 6 years	6,740	6,600	520	7.9	6,080	145
With children under 6 years	4,735	4,535	575	12.7	3,960	200
Couple with other relatives only	685	685	0	0.0	670	0
Lone-parent family	4,445	4,150	1,755	42.3	2,390	295
Female-parent family	3,720	3,470	1,610	46.4	1,865	245
Female-parent family with no other relatives	3,650	3,440	1,605	46.7	1,835	210
With children under 18 years	2,455	2,320	1,290	55.6	1,025	135
Without children under 6 years	1,565	1,480	755	51.0	725	80
With children under 6 years	895	835	540	64.7	300	60
Male-parent family	730	680	150	22.1	530	50
Male-parent family with no other relatives	710	675	150	22.2	530	35
With children under 18 years	410	380	115	30.3	270	30
Without children under 6 years	330	305	100	32.8	205	20
With children under 6 years	80	75	10	13.3	60	10
Other economic family^Footnote 7	865	810	250	30.9	555	60
Persons not in economic families aged 15 years and over^Footnote 8	8,090	7,800	2,445	31.3	5,355	285
Less than 65 years	4,700	4,560	1,405	30.8	3,150	145
65 years and over	3,390	3,245	1,040	32.0	2,205	145
Total children in economic families^Footnote 9	9,820	9,395	1,830	19.5	7,565	425
Under 6 years	2,025	1,925	405	21.0	1,515	95
6 to 14 years	3,375	3,245	740	22.8	2,500	130
15 to 17 years	1,450	1,385	260	18.8	1,130	65
18 to 24 years	1,885	1,795	255	14.2	1,540	95
25 years and over	1,085	1,040	165	15.9	875	45
Total - Household living arrangements^Footnote 10	41,340	39,670	6,960	17.5	32,710	1,670
Total persons in households with at least one census family	33,195	31,820	4,490	14.1	27,330	1,370
Married spouses, common-law partners	20,710	19,895	1,850	9.3	18,045	815
Lone parents	1,930	1,820	745	40.9	1,075	115
Children in families with two parents present	6,790	6,590	645	9.8	5,945	200
Children in families with one parent present	2,800	2,605	1,130	43.4	1,480	195
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^Footnote 11	565	525	45	8.6	480	40
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	390	385	75	19.5	305	10
Total persons in non-census family households	8,145	7,850	2,475	31.5	5,380	290
Living with relatives^Footnote 12	445	430	100	23.3	330	20
Living with non-relatives only	1,380	1,350	335	24.8	1,025	30
Living alone	6,315	6,065	2,040	33.6	4,030	250
Total population in private households by citizenship^Footnote 13	41,335	39,670	6,965	17.6	32,705	1,665
Canadian citizens	40,215	38,585	6,620	17.2	31,965	1,630
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,935	6,635	1,435	21.6	5,205	300
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	33,275	31,955	5,190	16.2	26,765	1,325
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 14	1,120	1,085	340	31.3	740	40
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 15	41,335	39,670	6,960	17.5	32,705	1,665
Non-immigrants^Footnote 16	35,730	34,260	5,945	17.4	28,315	1,465
Immigrants^Footnote 17	5,475	5,285	985	18.6	4,300	190
Before 1971	2,660	2,565	515	20.1	2,050	95
1971 to 1980	990	935	80	8.6	860	55
1981 to 1990	525	510	95	18.6	420	10
1991 to 2000	560	545	140	25.7	410	10
2001 to 2011^Footnote 18	735	720	150	20.8	570	15
2001 to 2005	385	375	70	18.7	300	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 19	350	345	80	23.2	265	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 20	130	120	35	29.2	85	15
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration^Footnote 21	5,470	5,290	990	18.7	4,300	190
Under 5 years	530	515	155	30.1	360	15
5 to 14 years	1,025	1,005	135	13.4	875	25
15 to 24 years	1,545	1,485	360	24.2	1,120	60
25 to 44 years	1,825	1,765	275	15.6	1,490	65
45 years and over	545	520	60	11.5	460	25
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 22	41,335	39,670	6,965	17.6	32,705	1,665
Non-immigrants^Footnote 23	35,725	34,260	5,945	17.4	28,315	1,470
Born in province of residence	20,540	19,590	3,555	18.1	16,035	955
Born outside province of residence	15,185	14,670	2,390	16.3	12,280	515
Immigrants^Footnote 24	5,470	5,285	985	18.6	4,300	185
Americas	770	750	190	25.3	565	20
United States	575	560	160	28.6	395	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Mexico	35	35	0	0.0	30	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	55	55	0	0.0	55	0
Europe	3,440	3,315	595	17.9	2,715	130
United Kingdom^Footnote 25	1,290	1,230	230	18.7	1,000	60
Italy	135	140	0	0.0	135	0
Germany	500	475	75	15.8	395	25
Poland	55	60	10	16.7	45	0
Portugal	190	190	0	0.0	185	0
Netherlands	400	375	55	14.7	315	25
France	65	65	0	0.0	60	0
Romania	20	20	0	0.0	20	0
Russian Federation	15	15	0	0.0	0	0
Greece	30	30	0	0.0	30	0
Ukraine	20	20	0	0.0	15	0
Croatia	75	75	0	0.0	70	0
Hungary	120	120	40	33.3	80	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Serbia	50	50	0	0.0	45	0
Ireland, Republic of	60	60	0	0.0	60	0
Other places of birth in Europe	410	390	140	35.9	245	25
Africa	130	135	40	29.6	90	0
Morocco	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	75	70	0	0.0	45	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	45	0	0.0	35	0
Asia	1,035	1,010	160	15.8	850	0
India	520	515	25	4.9	495	0
China^Footnote 26	60	35	0	0.0	30	0
Philippines	155	155	35	22.6	120	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	40	35	0	0.0	35	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 27	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Iran^Footnote 28	35	40	0	0.0	40	0
Korea, South^Footnote 29	30	35	0	0.0	30	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	155	160	80	50.0	80	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 30	90	80	0	0.0	80	0
Fiji	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 31	90	80	0	0.0	80	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 32	135	120	35	29.2	90	15
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 33	41,340	39,675	6,965	17.6	32,705	1,665
First generation^Footnote 34	5,740	5,535	1,050	19.0	4,490	200
Second generation^Footnote 35	9,560	9,120	1,540	16.9	7,580	445
Third generation or more^Footnote 36	26,035	25,015	4,375	17.5	20,640	1,020
Total population in private households by visible minority^Footnote 37	41,335	39,670	6,965	17.6	32,710	1,665
Total visible minority population^Footnote 38	1,990	1,930	315	16.3	1,620	55
South Asian^Footnote 39	805	805	35	4.3	765	0
Chinese	205	165	10	6.1	150	0
Black	135	130	0	0.0	110	0
Filipino	215	210	55	26.2	155	0
Latin American	105	100	35	35.0	65	0
Arab	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 40	195	195	105	53.8	85	0
West Asian^Footnote 41	75	75	0	0.0	75	0
Korean	30	30	0	0.0	30	0
Japanese	145	145	25	17.2	120	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 42	30	30	0	0.0	25	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 43	50	50	0	0.0	35	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 44	39,350	37,740	6,650	17.6	31,085	1,610
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	41,340	39,670	6,965	17.6	32,710	1,665
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 45	2,765	2,140	640	29.9	1,500	625
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 46	1,430	840	295	35.1	540	585
Métis single identity	1,130	1,110	295	26.6	815	25
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	85	90	0	0.0	85	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 47	15	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 48	100	90	50	55.6	45	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	38,575	37,530	6,325	16.9	31,210	1,040
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 49	41,335	39,670	6,960	17.5	32,710	1,665
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 50	1,085	520	195	37.5	325	565
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	40,255	39,155	6,770	17.3	32,385	1,100
Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 51	41,340	39,670	6,965	17.6	32,705	1,670
Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 52	3,465	2,845	815	28.6	2,035	620
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^Footnote 53	2,185	1,575	475	30.2	1,100	605
Métis ancestry	1,340	1,310	345	26.3	965	30
Inuit ancestry	90	85	0	0.0	85	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^Footnote 54	37,870	36,825	6,155	16.7	30,675	1,045
Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 55	41,335	39,670	6,965	17.6	32,705	1,665
English	36,130	34,725	6,100	17.6	28,630	1,410
French	735	715	135	18.9	580	15
Non-official language	4,200	3,980	670	16.8	3,305	220
Aboriginal	105	45	0	0.0	0	55
Non-Aboriginal	4,095	3,935	665	16.9	3,270	160
English and French	60	55	25	45.5	30	0
English and non-official language	195	175	40	22.9	135	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^Footnote 56	41,335	39,670	6,965	17.6	32,705	1,665
English	40,425	38,775	6,845	17.7	31,925	1,645
French	670	660	100	15.2	560	15
English and French	55	50	0	0.0	50	0
Neither English nor French	190	185	0	0.0	165	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 57	41,090	39,435	6,920	17.5	32,515	1,655
Non-movers	34,590	33,140	5,315	16.0	27,820	1,460
Movers	6,495	6,300	1,600	25.4	4,695	195
Non-migrants	4,025	3,945	1,090	27.6	2,850	80
Migrants	2,470	2,355	510	21.7	1,845	115
Internal migrants	2,340	2,235	450	20.1	1,785	105
Intraprovincial migrants	1,720	1,630	380	23.3	1,250	85
Interprovincial migrants	625	605	65	10.7	535	20
External migrants	130	120	60	50.0	60	10
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 58	39,725	38,140	6,625	17.4	31,515	1,585
Non-movers	23,045	21,995	3,325	15.1	18,670	1,050
Movers	16,680	16,145	3,300	20.4	12,845	535
Non-migrants	8,040	7,850	1,615	20.6	6,240	190
Migrants	8,640	8,290	1,685	20.3	6,605	345
Internal migrants	8,095	7,760	1,565	20.2	6,190	335
Intraprovincial migrants	5,765	5,500	1,155	21.0	4,350	265
Interprovincial migrants	2,330	2,255	415	18.4	1,845	75
External migrants	540	535	125	23.4	410	10
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 59	35,870	34,435	5,800	16.8	28,630	1,430
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,105	6,755	1,585	23.5	5,165	355
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 60	10,645	10,245	1,790	17.5	8,450	405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 61	18,115	17,440	2,425	13.9	15,010	680
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 62	4,910	4,655	735	15.8	3,920	255
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,185	6,905	1,075	15.6	5,825	285
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 63	1,715	1,655	305	18.4	1,350	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,305	4,230	315	7.4	3,920	75
Bachelor's degree	2,815	2,770	180	6.5	2,590	45
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 64	1,490	1,460	130	8.9	1,330	35
Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 65	21,180	20,540	3,515	17.1	17,020	645
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,385	2,250	690	30.7	1,560	140
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 66	5,880	5,705	965	16.9	4,735	175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 67	12,920	12,585	1,865	14.8	10,725	335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 68	3,010	2,880	475	16.5	2,405	130
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,260	5,125	875	17.1	4,250	130
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 69	1,170	1,150	240	20.9	905	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,480	3,435	275	8.0	3,165	45
Bachelor's degree	2,340	2,305	165	7.2	2,140	35
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 70	1,140	1,130	105	9.3	1,020	15
Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 71	35,870	34,435	5,805	16.9	28,630	1,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 72	17,750	16,995	3,375	19.9	13,620	755
Education	1,480	1,415	85	6.0	1,330	65
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	585	570	100	17.5	470	15
Humanities	730	705	125	17.7	575	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,155	1,110	145	13.1	965	45
Business, management and public administration	3,585	3,500	560	16.0	2,940	85
Physical and life sciences and technologies	600	600	75	12.5	530	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	365	360	35	9.7	325	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,090	3,935	460	11.7	3,480	160
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	540	505	30	5.9	475	35
Health and related fields^Footnote 73	3,650	3,475	535	15.4	2,940	175
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,335	1,265	280	22.1	980	75
Other fields of study^Footnote 74	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence^Footnote 75	35,870	34,435	5,805	16.9	28,630	1,435
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,755	16,995	3,375	19.9	13,615	760
With postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,115	17,440	2,425	13.9	15,015	675
Location of study inside Canada	15,905	15,285	1,980	13.0	13,305	615
Same as province or territory of residence	10,900	10,485	1,565	14.9	8,920	420
Another province or territory	5,000	4,800	415	8.6	4,385	200
Location of study outside Canada	2,210	2,150	440	20.5	1,710	60
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 76	35,870	34,435	5,805	16.9	28,630	1,430
In the labour force	20,490	19,950	2,810	14.1	17,145	545
Employed	18,750	18,315	2,380	13.0	15,940	430
Unemployed	1,745	1,635	430	26.3	1,205	105
Not in the labour force	15,375	14,485	2,995	20.7	11,485	890
Participation rate	57.1	57.9	48.4	not applicable ...	59.9	38.1
Employment rate	52.3	53.2	41.0	not applicable ...	55.7	30.1
Unemployment rate	8.5	8.2	15.3	not applicable ...	7.0	19.3
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by class of worker^Footnote 77	35,865	34,435	5,805	16.9	28,630	1,430
Class of worker - not applicable^Footnote 78	13,425	12,620	2,745	21.8	9,875	810
All classes of worker^Footnote 79	22,445	21,815	3,060	14.0	18,760	625
Employee	18,940	18,375	2,370	12.9	16,010	560
Self-employed^Footnote 80	3,505	3,440	690	20.1	2,750	65
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^Footnote 81	35,865	34,435	5,805	16.9	28,630	1,435
Occupation - not applicable^Footnote 82	13,425	12,615	2,745	21.8	9,875	810
All occupations^Footnote 83	22,440	21,820	3,060	14.0	18,755	625
0 Management occupations	2,565	2,525	285	11.3	2,240	45
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,165	3,080	290	9.4	2,795	90
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,115	1,090	130	11.9	965	20
3 Health occupations	1,635	1,595	200	12.5	1,395	45
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,465	2,390	185	7.7	2,210	75
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	560	535	115	21.5	425	15
6 Sales and service occupations	5,930	5,765	1,125	19.5	4,635	165
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,640	3,520	480	13.6	3,040	120
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	715	675	155	23.0	520	40
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	645	630	90	14.3	540	15
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 84	35,870	34,435	5,805	16.9	28,630	1,435
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 85	13,425	12,615	2,745	21.8	9,870	810
All industries^Footnote 86	22,440	21,820	3,060	14.0	18,755	625
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	700	665	135	20.3	530	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	170	170	0	0.0	170	0
22 Utilities	120	115	0	0.0	60	0
23 Construction	2,235	2,180	355	16.3	1,825	55
31-33 Manufacturing	1,635	1,605	155	9.7	1,450	30
41 Wholesale trade	400	400	30	7.5	370	10
44-45 Retail trade	2,980	2,940	425	14.5	2,515	40
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	770	740	45	6.1	685	30
51 Information and cultural industries	395	375	55	14.7	320	20
52 Finance and insurance	755	745	55	7.4	690	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	500	495	80	16.2	415	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,090	1,080	115	10.6	965	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	845	810	205	25.3	605	30
61 Educational services	1,415	1,380	55	4.0	1,320	35
62 Health care and social assistance	3,050	2,985	460	15.4	2,520	65
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	530	500	100	20.0	405	25
72 Accommodation and food services	2,140	2,060	470	22.8	1,590	80
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,265	1,200	185	15.4	1,010	65
91 Public administration	1,450	1,360	70	5.1	1,290	90
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010^Footnote 87	35,870	34,435	5,805	16.9	28,630	1,435
Did not work in 2010^Footnote 88	14,250	13,395	3,045	22.7	10,345	855
Worked in 2010	21,615	21,040	2,755	13.1	18,285	575
1 to 13 weeks	2,290	2,195	550	25.1	1,640	90
14 to 26 weeks	2,080	2,015	365	18.1	1,655	60
27 to 39 weeks	1,600	1,535	235	15.3	1,310	65
40 to 48 weeks	3,705	3,590	420	11.7	3,170	115
49 to 52 weeks	11,945	11,695	1,185	10.1	10,510	250
Average weeks worked in 2010	41.4	41.5	35.8	not applicable ...	42.3	37.5
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010^Footnote 89	35,870	34,435	5,805	16.9	28,630	1,435
Did not work in 2010^Footnote 90	14,250	13,395	3,050	22.8	10,345	855
Worked in 2010	21,615	21,040	2,755	13.1	18,285	580
Worked full-time in 2010	14,985	14,655	1,375	9.4	13,280	330
Worked part-time in 2010	6,630	6,385	1,380	21.6	5,005	250

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Low income can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey, the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT).

For this measure, the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale, the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household.

All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status.

Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS), low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns, direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys, administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However, analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e., for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information, refer to the Income Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006.

Footnote 3

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting or fishing) could have made the interpretation of low-income rates more difficult.

Footnote 4

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 7

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

Footnote 8

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 9

Economic family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex.

Persons in the economic family other than the economic family reference person are classified as the married spouse or the common-law partner of the reference person, children of the reference person (including grandchildren), or other economic family members (including foster children). Children of the reference person may be of any age or marital status.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 13

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 14

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 15

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 16

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 17

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 18

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 19

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 21

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 22

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 23

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 24

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 25

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 26

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 27

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 28

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 29

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 30

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 31

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 32

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 33

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 34

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 35

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 36

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 37

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups:  South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

Footnote 38

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 39

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 40

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 41

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 42

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 43

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 44

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 45

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 46

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 47

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian. 'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 51

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'

Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

Footnote 55

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Footnote 56

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

Footnote 57

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 58

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 59

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 60

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 61

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 62

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 63

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

Footnote 64

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 65

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 66

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 67

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 68

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 69

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

Footnote 70

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 71

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.



For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.



For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 72

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 73

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 74

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 75

'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 77

Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business, as well as unpaid family workers.

Footnote 78

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 79

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 80

Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers.

Footnote 81

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

Footnote 82

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 83

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 84

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 85

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 86

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 87

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 88

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

Footnote 89

Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not, on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks.

Footnote 90

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011043.