Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural, Education and Labour Characteristics (322), Sex (3) and Income Status in 2010 (6) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural, education and labour characteristics , sex and income status in 2010 for the population in private households in Squamish
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 28.9 %

Selected demographic, sociocultural, education and labour characteristics (322)	Income status in 2010 (6)
	Total - Income status in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure^Footnote 2	Population for the income status based on after-tax low-income measure	Low-income population	Prevalence of low income %	Other population	Concept not applicable^Footnote 3
Total - Age groups^Footnote 4	17,225	16,900	1,990	11.8	14,915	320
Under 15 years	3,460	3,405	360	10.6	3,045	60
15 to 24 years	1,930	1,870	225	12.0	1,645	55
25 to 54 years	8,565	8,420	935	11.1	7,485	140
25 to 34 years	2,740	2,700	240	8.9	2,460	40
35 to 44 years	3,245	3,205	335	10.5	2,870	40
45 to 54 years	2,570	2,510	360	14.3	2,155	60
55 to 64 years	1,740	1,700	280	16.5	1,425	40
65 years and over	1,530	1,510	190	12.6	1,320	20
65 to 74 years	935	920	105	11.4	820	10
75 years and over	595	590	90	15.3	505	10
Population in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	17,225	16,905	1,985	11.7	14,915	320
Married or living with a common-law partner	8,665	8,550	750	8.8	7,805	110
Married (and not separated)	6,680	6,610	485	7.3	6,115	75
Living common law	1,980	1,945	260	13.4	1,685	35
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	8,560	8,350	1,235	14.8	7,110	210
Single (never legally married)	6,925	6,755	870	12.9	5,885	170
Separated	395	370	65	17.6	310	20
Divorced	790	780	190	24.4	590	10
Widowed	455	440	115	26.1	330	15
Persons in economic families by family structure and presence and age of children^Footnote 6	14,665	14,380	1,335	9.3	13,045	285
Couple family	12,930	12,750	985	7.7	11,765	180
Couple only	3,480	3,450	350	10.1	3,100	30
Couple with children	9,175	9,035	640	7.1	8,400	140
With children under 18 years	7,900	7,795	560	7.2	7,235	105
Without children under 6 years	3,715	3,655	215	5.9	3,435	65
With children under 6 years	4,180	4,145	345	8.3	3,800	40
Couple with other relatives only	280	260	0	0.0	260	15
Lone-parent family	1,405	1,320	320	24.2	1,005	85
Female-parent family	890	830	205	24.7	620	60
Female-parent family with no other relatives	865	820	210	25.6	605	45
With children under 18 years	585	550	135	24.5	410	35
Without children under 6 years	310	285	80	28.1	210	20
With children under 6 years	280	260	60	23.1	200	15
Male-parent family	515	495	105	21.2	385	20
Male-parent family with no other relatives	515	495	110	22.2	385	25
With children under 18 years	395	390	110	28.2	280	10
Without children under 6 years	310	305	95	31.1	210	10
With children under 6 years	80	80	10	12.5	70	0
Other economic family^Footnote 7	330	310	30	9.7	275	20
Persons not in economic families aged 15 years and over^Footnote 8	2,560	2,520	650	25.8	1,870	35
Less than 65 years	2,170	2,140	500	23.4	1,635	35
65 years and over	390	385	150	39.0	235	10
Total children in economic families^Footnote 9	5,295	5,165	495	9.6	4,670	130
Under 6 years	1,675	1,655	155	9.4	1,505	15
6 to 14 years	1,775	1,740	205	11.8	1,540	35
15 to 17 years	605	595	65	10.9	525	10
18 to 24 years	780	745	40	5.4	700	35
25 years and over	460	425	0	0.0	400	30
Total - Household living arrangements^Footnote 10	17,220	16,905	1,985	11.7	14,910	320
Total persons in households with at least one census family	14,800	14,525	1,335	9.2	13,185	280
Married spouses, common-law partners	8,540	8,435	695	8.2	7,740	105
Lone parents	665	630	125	19.8	505	40
Children in families with two parents present	4,190	4,135	295	7.1	3,840	55
Children in families with one parent present	930	875	200	22.9	675	60
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^Footnote 11	260	245	0	0.0	245	15
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	210	205	0	0.0	180	10
Total persons in non-census family households	2,420	2,380	650	27.3	1,730	40
Living with relatives^Footnote 12	70	60	0	0.0	35	10
Living with non-relatives only	845	835	70	8.4	770	10
Living alone	1,505	1,480	560	37.8	920	25
Total population in private households by citizenship^Footnote 13	17,225	16,900	1,990	11.8	14,915	320
Canadian citizens	16,060	15,755	1,725	10.9	14,030	305
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,895	3,825	355	9.3	3,470	70
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	12,160	11,930	1,370	11.5	10,555	235
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 14	1,160	1,150	260	22.6	880	20
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 15	17,225	16,900	1,985	11.7	14,915	320
Non-immigrants^Footnote 16	14,095	13,800	1,595	11.6	12,200	300
Immigrants^Footnote 17	2,910	2,890	335	11.6	2,555	15
Before 1971	660	655	0	0.0	645	10
1971 to 1980	530	525	70	13.3	460	0
1981 to 1990	260	260	25	9.6	230	0
1991 to 2000	490	485	40	8.2	440	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 18	970	970	190	19.6	775	0
2001 to 2005	335	330	45	13.6	290	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 19	635	635	150	23.6	485	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 20	220	210	60	28.6	155	10
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration^Footnote 21	2,905	2,895	335	11.6	2,555	15
Under 5 years	330	320	30	9.4	295	0
5 to 14 years	555	555	85	15.3	470	0
15 to 24 years	675	675	55	8.1	615	0
25 to 44 years	1,120	1,115	165	14.8	945	0
45 years and over	230	225	0	0.0	225	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 22	17,225	16,905	1,985	11.7	14,915	320
Non-immigrants^Footnote 23	14,100	13,800	1,595	11.6	12,205	300
Born in province of residence	9,535	9,260	940	10.2	8,320	280
Born outside province of residence	4,560	4,535	650	14.3	3,890	20
Immigrants^Footnote 24	2,910	2,890	340	11.8	2,555	15
Americas	460	455	0	0.0	455	0
United States	220	210	0	0.0	215	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Mexico	40	45	0	0.0	45	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Chile	90	90	0	0.0	85	0
Other places of birth in Americas	60	55	0	0.0	55	0
Europe	1,150	1,145	115	10.0	1,030	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 25	655	650	50	7.7	605	0
Italy	65	65	0	0.0	65	0
Germany	105	100	0	0.0	85	0
Poland	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Netherlands	25	25	0	0.0	15	0
France	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Hungary	20	20	0	0.0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	190	195	0	0.0	180	0
Africa	85	85	0	0.0	80	0
Morocco	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	55	55	0	0.0	50	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	30	0	0.0	0	0
Asia	1,110	1,105	195	17.6	905	0
India	590	590	0	0.0	580	0
China^Footnote 26	15	15	0	0.0	15	0
Philippines	250	245	60	24.5	185	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 27	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Iran^Footnote 28	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 29	20	25	0	0.0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Japan	25	25	0	0.0	20	0
Turkey	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	135	135	75	55.6	65	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 30	100	100	0	0.0	85	0
Fiji	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 31	100	100	0	0.0	85	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 32	220	210	55	26.2	155	10
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 33	17,225	16,900	1,990	11.8	14,915	320
First generation^Footnote 34	3,160	3,140	400	12.7	2,740	25
Second generation^Footnote 35	3,905	3,880	390	10.1	3,490	25
Third generation or more^Footnote 36	10,160	9,885	1,195	12.1	8,685	275
Total population in private households by visible minority^Footnote 37	17,225	16,905	1,990	11.8	14,910	320
Total visible minority population^Footnote 38	2,185	2,175	255	11.7	1,925	10
South Asian^Footnote 39	1,010	1,010	90	8.9	920	0
Chinese	120	115	0	0.0	85	0
Black	100	95	0	0.0	90	0
Filipino	465	455	75	16.5	380	10
Latin American	125	130	0	0.0	125	0
Arab	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 40	95	90	0	0.0	70	0
West Asian^Footnote 41	25	20	0	0.0	20	0
Korean	30	30	0	0.0	0	0
Japanese	140	145	0	0.0	135	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 42	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 43	75	75	0	0.0	75	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 44	15,040	14,730	1,735	11.8	12,990	315
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	17,225	16,900	1,985	11.7	14,915	320
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 45	940	685	145	21.2	540	260
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 46	685	430	140	32.6	295	255
Métis single identity	225	225	0	0.0	220	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 47	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 48	10	15	0	0.0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	16,285	16,215	1,840	11.3	14,375	60
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 49	17,220	16,900	1,985	11.7	14,915	320
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 50	575	325	95	29.2	225	255
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	16,645	16,580	1,890	11.4	14,695	65
Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 51	17,225	16,905	1,990	11.8	14,915	325
Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 52	1,365	1,105	205	18.6	900	260
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^Footnote 53	1,045	790	175	22.2	615	255
Métis ancestry	365	360	45	12.5	315	0
Inuit ancestry	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^Footnote 54	15,860	15,795	1,780	11.3	14,015	65
Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 55	17,225	16,900	1,990	11.8	14,915	320
English	14,630	14,330	1,610	11.2	12,720	300
French	420	415	50	12.0	365	0
Non-official language	2,035	2,020	285	14.1	1,740	15
Aboriginal	10	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,025	2,020	280	13.9	1,735	10
English and French	30	30	0	0.0	25	0
English and non-official language	95	90	25	27.8	60	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^Footnote 56	17,220	16,900	1,990	11.8	14,915	320
English	16,585	16,265	1,915	11.8	14,355	320
French	410	410	55	13.4	355	0
English and French	45	40	0	0.0	40	0
Neither English nor French	180	180	0	0.0	165	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 57	16,925	16,605	1,965	11.8	14,640	320
Non-movers	14,075	13,800	1,330	9.6	12,465	280
Movers	2,845	2,810	635	22.6	2,175	35
Non-migrants	1,475	1,455	325	22.3	1,130	20
Migrants	1,375	1,355	310	22.9	1,045	20
Internal migrants	1,145	1,125	175	15.6	955	15
Intraprovincial migrants	895	880	125	14.2	760	15
Interprovincial migrants	245	245	50	20.4	195	0
External migrants	230	225	135	60.0	90	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 58	15,725	15,420	1,860	12.1	13,565	300
Non-movers	7,780	7,565	775	10.2	6,790	215
Movers	7,940	7,860	1,080	13.7	6,770	85
Non-migrants	3,580	3,540	455	12.9	3,090	40
Migrants	4,365	4,320	630	14.6	3,690	50
Internal migrants	3,550	3,510	425	12.1	3,085	45
Intraprovincial migrants	2,760	2,725	340	12.5	2,380	35
Interprovincial migrants	790	785	85	10.8	700	10
External migrants	810	810	205	25.3	605	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 59	13,760	13,500	1,630	12.1	11,870	260
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,090	2,020	395	19.6	1,625	75
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 60	4,110	4,040	460	11.4	3,580	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 61	7,555	7,435	775	10.4	6,665	120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 62	2,005	1,960	290	14.8	1,670	50
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,380	2,325	205	8.8	2,120	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 63	635	620	60	9.7	560	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,535	2,535	220	8.7	2,310	0
Bachelor's degree	1,520	1,520	125	8.2	1,400	0
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 64	1,010	1,015	95	9.4	915	0
Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 65	10,300	10,120	1,215	12.0	8,905	185
No certificate, diploma or degree	820	780	175	22.4	605	40
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 66	2,935	2,890	335	11.6	2,555	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 67	6,545	6,445	705	10.9	5,745	100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 68	1,655	1,620	225	13.9	1,395	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,065	2,020	200	9.9	1,820	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 69	510	500	60	12.0	440	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,315	2,310	220	9.5	2,090	0
Bachelor's degree	1,380	1,380	120	8.7	1,255	0
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 70	935	930	100	10.8	835	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 71	13,760	13,500	1,630	12.1	11,870	260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 72	6,205	6,065	860	14.2	5,205	140
Education	495	490	35	7.1	455	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	340	340	20	5.9	325	0
Humanities	325	325	30	9.2	295	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	625	610	35	5.7	575	15
Business, management and public administration	1,350	1,330	170	12.8	1,165	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	215	215	0	0.0	200	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	185	190	0	0.0	175	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,645	1,620	185	11.4	1,435	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	275	275	65	23.6	210	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 73	1,370	1,360	95	7.0	1,260	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	715	695	120	17.3	575	25
Other fields of study^Footnote 74	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence^Footnote 75	13,760	13,500	1,630	12.1	11,870	260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,205	6,060	855	14.1	5,205	140
With postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,555	7,440	770	10.3	6,665	120
Location of study inside Canada	6,335	6,220	600	9.6	5,625	115
Same as province or territory of residence	4,590	4,475	450	10.1	4,030	110
Another province or territory	1,750	1,740	145	8.3	1,595	10
Location of study outside Canada	1,220	1,215	170	14.0	1,040	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 76	13,760	13,500	1,630	12.1	11,870	260
In the labour force	10,445	10,270	1,025	10.0	9,245	175
Employed	9,580	9,445	905	9.6	8,540	140
Unemployed	860	830	125	15.1	705	30
Not in the labour force	3,315	3,230	605	18.7	2,625	90
Participation rate	75.9	76.1	62.9	not applicable ...	77.9	67.3
Employment rate	69.6	70.0	55.5	not applicable ...	71.9	53.8
Unemployment rate	8.2	8.1	12.2	not applicable ...	7.6	17.1
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by class of worker^Footnote 77	13,760	13,495	1,630	12.1	11,870	260
Class of worker - not applicable^Footnote 78	2,595	2,510	580	23.1	1,930	85
All classes of worker^Footnote 79	11,165	10,990	1,045	9.5	9,945	180
Employee	9,635	9,455	630	6.7	8,830	175
Self-employed^Footnote 80	1,535	1,530	420	27.5	1,115	0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^Footnote 81	13,760	13,500	1,630	12.1	11,870	265
Occupation - not applicable^Footnote 82	2,595	2,505	585	23.4	1,930	85
All occupations^Footnote 83	11,165	10,990	1,045	9.5	9,940	180
0 Management occupations	1,365	1,340	240	17.9	1,105	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,250	1,230	85	6.9	1,150	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	540	540	15	2.8	520	0
3 Health occupations	725	720	35	4.9	685	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,210	1,180	100	8.5	1,085	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	350	345	15	4.3	330	0
6 Sales and service occupations	3,125	3,070	310	10.1	2,760	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,200	2,165	190	8.8	1,980	35
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	210	200	0	0.0	190	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	210	200	0	0.0	145	10
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 84	13,760	13,500	1,630	12.1	11,870	260
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 85	2,595	2,510	580	23.1	1,930	85
All industries^Footnote 86	11,170	10,995	1,045	9.5	9,940	175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	100	100	0	0.0	95	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	65	0	0.0	60	0
22 Utilities	40	45	0	0.0	40	0
23 Construction	1,555	1,540	280	18.2	1,270	10
31-33 Manufacturing	295	290	0	0.0	255	0
41 Wholesale trade	225	225	40	17.8	180	0
44-45 Retail trade	1,495	1,475	125	8.5	1,355	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	450	445	0	0.0	440	0
51 Information and cultural industries	205	200	0	0.0	195	0
52 Finance and insurance	305	310	20	6.5	285	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	280	285	20	7.0	265	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	775	775	85	11.0	685	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	not applicable ...	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	455	440	90	20.5	350	15
61 Educational services	670	665	30	4.5	635	10
62 Health care and social assistance	1,015	995	50	5.0	950	20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	515	510	45	8.8	455	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,315	1,300	150	11.5	1,150	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	610	605	55	9.1	550	0
91 Public administration	765	705	0	0.0	700	60
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010^Footnote 87	13,760	13,500	1,630	12.1	11,870	260
Did not work in 2010^Footnote 88	2,815	2,720	620	22.8	2,105	90
Worked in 2010	10,950	10,780	1,010	9.4	9,770	170
1 to 13 weeks	730	710	75	10.6	630	25
14 to 26 weeks	1,115	1,095	155	14.2	940	25
27 to 39 weeks	770	760	80	10.5	680	10
40 to 48 weeks	2,360	2,340	200	8.5	2,140	20
49 to 52 weeks	5,970	5,880	500	8.5	5,375	90
Average weeks worked in 2010	42.6	42.7	41.4	not applicable ...	42.8	39.0
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010^Footnote 89	13,760	13,500	1,630	12.1	11,870	265
Did not work in 2010^Footnote 90	2,810	2,720	620	22.8	2,105	95
Worked in 2010	10,950	10,775	1,010	9.4	9,765	170
Worked full-time in 2010	8,315	8,180	665	8.1	7,515	140
Worked part-time in 2010	2,630	2,600	345	13.3	2,250	30

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Low income can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey, the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT).

For this measure, the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale, the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household.

All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status.

Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS), low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns, direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys, administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However, analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e., for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information, refer to the Income Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006.

Footnote 3

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting or fishing) could have made the interpretation of low-income rates more difficult.

Footnote 4

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 7

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

Footnote 8

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 9

Economic family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex.

Persons in the economic family other than the economic family reference person are classified as the married spouse or the common-law partner of the reference person, children of the reference person (including grandchildren), or other economic family members (including foster children). Children of the reference person may be of any age or marital status.

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 13

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 14

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 15

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 16

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 17

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 18

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 19

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 21

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 22

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 23

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 24

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 25

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 26

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 27

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 28

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 29

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 30

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 31

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 32

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 33

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 34

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 35

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 36

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 37

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups:  South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

Footnote 38

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 39

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 40

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 41

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 42

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 43

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 44

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 45

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 46

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 47

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian. 'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 51

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'

Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

Footnote 55

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Footnote 56

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

Footnote 57

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 58

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 59

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 60

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 61

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 62

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 63

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

Footnote 64

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 65

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 66

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 67

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 68

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 69

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

Footnote 70

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 71

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.



For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.



For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 72

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 73

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 74

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 75

'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 77

Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business, as well as unpaid family workers.

Footnote 78

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 79

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 80

Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers.

Footnote 81

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

Footnote 82

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 83

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 84

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 85

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 86

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 87

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 88

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

Footnote 89

Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not, on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks.

Footnote 90

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011043.