Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Pontiac
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 47.4 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	14,135	8,550	5,520	65
0 to 4 years	655	300	340	0
5 to 9 years	700	440	265	0
10 to 14 years	845	480	345	0
15 to 19 years	890	525	355	0
20 to 24 years	770	535	225	0
25 to 29 years	650	415	230	0
30 to 34 years	560	325	235	0
35 to 39 years	675	360	315	0
40 to 44 years	770	385	385	0
45 to 49 years	1,155	645	515	0
50 to 54 years	1,255	750	505	0
55 to 59 years	1,260	805	450	0
60 to 64 years	1,265	885	380	0
65 to 69 years	1,010	580	425	0
70 to 74 years	615	340	280	0
75 to 79 years	440	315	130	0
80 to 84 years	350	265	80	0
85 years and over	265	200	65	0
Median age^Footnote 3	47.3	49.2	45.5	13.8
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	11,935	7,335	4,575	0
Married or living with a common-law partner	7,250	4,405	2,830	0
Married (and not separated)	5,890	3,795	2,090	0
Living common law	1,360	610	740	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	4,685	2,925	1,740	0
Single (never legally married)	2,685	1,670	1,005	0
Separated	230	190	35	0
Divorced	835	490	335	0
Widowed	935	575	370	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	14,135	8,550	5,525	65
Single responses	13,915	8,460	5,450	0
English	8,325	8,320	0	0
French	5,430	20	5,415	0
Non-official languages	155	120	0	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	140	110	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	50	50	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	220	85	70	65
English and French	200	80	55	65
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	14,135	8,550	5,525	65
English only	6,075	6,075	0	0
French only	830	0	830	0
English and French	7,225	2,470	4,695	70
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	14,135	8,545	5,520	65
Single responses	13,890	8,430	5,465	0
English	9,020	8,255	760	0
French	4,860	170	4,690	0
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	245	120	60	70
English and French	185	60	60	65
English and non-official language	60	60	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	14,135	8,550	5,520	65
None	11,345	7,845	3,430	65
English	1,755	105	1,650	0
French	905	525	385	0
Non-official language	95	40	60	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	85	35	45	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	35	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	470	265	205	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	460	260	195	0
Italian	70	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	150	40	110	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	170	130	45	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	30	25	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	14,065	8,510	5,485	70
Non-movers	12,655	7,590	5,050	0
Movers	1,405	925	435	50
Non-migrants	515	355	130	0
Migrants	895	570	300	0
Internal migrants	890	565	300	0
Intraprovincial migrants	600	315	265	0
Interprovincial migrants	290	250	35	0
External migrants	0	0	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	13,480	8,250	5,185	50
Non-movers	10,090	6,290	3,790	0
Movers	3,390	1,955	1,395	0
Non-migrants	1,205	700	490	0
Migrants	2,185	1,255	905	0
Internal migrants	2,165	1,250	890	0
Intraprovincial migrants	1,495	735	740	0
Interprovincial migrants	670	515	150	0
External migrants	15	0	0	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	14,135	8,545	5,520	65
Canadian citizens	14,055	8,480	5,510	65
Canadian citizens only	14,000	8,460	5,475	65
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	60	20	35	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	80	65	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	14,135	8,550	5,525	65
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	13,855	8,340	5,450	65
Born in province of residence	8,895	4,625	4,220	50
Born outside province of residence	4,965	3,715	1,225	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	275	210	65	0
Americas	80	60	0	0
United States	70	50	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	155	115	45	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	50	50	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0
Germany	25	20	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	25	25	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 24	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	0	0	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	0	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	0	0	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	30	15	0	0
Americas	10	0	0	0
United States	10	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	14,135	8,545	5,520	65
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	13,850	8,340	5,445	65
Immigrants^Footnote 43	275	210	70	0
Before 1971	115	80	40	0
1971 to 1980	50	50	0	0
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	50	45	0	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	60	30	30	0
2001 to 2005	35	0	0	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	25	15	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	14,135	8,545	5,520	65
First generation^Footnote 48	305	220	80	0
Second generation^Footnote 49	550	520	35	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	13,280	7,805	5,410	65
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	14,135	8,545	5,520	65
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	2,545	795	1,685	65
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	305	140	165	0
Métis single identity	2,040	560	1,440	45
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	40	25	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	160	65	75	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	11,590	7,755	3,840	0
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	14,135	8,550	5,525	65
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	390	135	235	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,745	8,405	5,290	45
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	11,935	7,330	4,575	0
In the labour force	6,380	3,805	2,555	0
Employed	5,620	3,370	2,235	0
Unemployed	760	440	320	0
Not in the labour force	5,560	3,520	2,020	0
Participation rate	53.5	51.9	55.8	0.0
Employment rate	47.1	46.0	48.9	0.0
Unemployment rate	11.9	11.6	12.5	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	6,380	3,805	2,555	0
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	140	55	85	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	6,235	3,750	2,470	0
Employee	5,300	3,085	2,200	0
Self-employed	935	665	270	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	180	75	100	0
Without paid help	60	20	40	0
With paid help	120	50	65	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	725	560	165	0
Without paid help	545	415	130	0
With paid help	175	150	0	0
Unpaid family worker	35	30	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	6,380	3,810	2,555	0
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	140	55	85	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	6,240	3,755	2,470	0
0 Management occupations	660	485	180	0
00 Senior management occupations	50	15	35	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	140	115	35	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	195	135	65	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	270	225	45	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	830	440	385	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	55	45	0	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	310	105	205	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	20	20	0	0
14 Office support occupations	270	180	90	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	170	95	70	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	180	95	85	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	55	0	40	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	125	85	45	0
3 Health occupations	445	260	185	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	170	95	75	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	20	0	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	115	80	40	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	135	65	70	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	765	420	345	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	275	150	130	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	115	60	60	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	205	115	90	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	20	15	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	145	80	65	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	145	90	65	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	90	55	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	55	30	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	1,145	660	485	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	30	0	15	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	210	135	75	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	175	115	60	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	185	125	65	0
66 Sales support occupations	220	80	135	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	325	185	140	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,505	895	590	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	470	330	130	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	210	155	55	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	100	55	40	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	410	205	210	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	310	155	155	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	255	195	60	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	65	30	40	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	90	75	15	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	95	95	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	310	220	90	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	55	45	10	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	105	75	30	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	95	80	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	55	20	40	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	6,380	3,810	2,555	0
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	140	60	85	0
All industries^Footnote 64	6,240	3,755	2,470	0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	455	395	60	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	0	50	0
22 Utilities	40	30	0	0
23 Construction	760	490	255	0
31-33 Manufacturing	435	300	140	0
41 Wholesale trade	60	55	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	655	315	340	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	425	205	220	0
51 Information and cultural industries	90	55	40	0
52 Finance and insurance	205	175	30	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	20	25	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	110	95	15	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	210	110	100	0
61 Educational services	465	270	200	0
62 Health care and social assistance	810	400	405	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	160	100	60	0
72 Accommodation and food services	285	195	90	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	255	160	100	0
91 Public administration	680	360	315	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	5,620	3,365	2,235	0
Usual place of work	4,135	2,510	1,610	0
Work in CSD of residence	910	515	395	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	1,240	600	635	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	515	215	300	0
Work in a different province	1,475	1,185	280	0
Worked at home	725	385	340	0
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	745	475	270	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	4,875	2,985	1,875	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,925	2,410	1,515	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	430	210	200	0
Public transit	100	75	25	0
Walked	335	220	115	0
Bicycle	0	0	0	0
Other methods	80	60	20	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	6,805	4,155	2,625	0
English	4,630	3,865	760	0
French	1,840	225	1,615	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	330	50	250	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	6,810	4,155	2,625	0
None	4,325	3,205	1,090	0
English	1,150	180	975	0
French	1,310	760	550	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	11,935	7,330	4,575	0
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,600	2,620	1,965	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	2,460	1,705	750	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	4,885	3,005	1,865	0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	1,685	860	820	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	1,020	420	605	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	665	445	220	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,995	1,375	620	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	360	225	120	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	845	550	300	0
Bachelor's degree	525	305	215	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	70	25	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	25	0	0
Master's degree	185	140	40	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	4,885	3,010	1,865	0
Education	455	315	140	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	50	90	0
Humanities	270	140	130	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	300	225	70	0
Business, management and public administration	980	570	395	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	75	25	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	55	35	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,065	655	415	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	305	190	115	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	685	435	250	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	495	295	200	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	4,885	3,010	1,860	0
Inside Canada	4,710	2,870	1,825	0
Newfoundland and Labrador	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	20	20	0	0
New Brunswick	0	0	0	0
Quebec	2,615	1,110	1,500	0
Ontario	2,035	1,700	330	0
Manitoba	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewan	0	0	0	0
Alberta	25	25	0	0
British Columbia	0	0	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	175	135	35	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	14,135	8,550	5,520	65
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	50	35	0	0
South Asian^Footnote 82	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	0
Black	10	0	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	14,085	8,510	5,510	65
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	14,135	8,550	5,520	65
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	6,170	2,935	3,200	30
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	7,965	5,610	2,320	0
Canadian - Total responses	6,865	3,265	3,565	35
Canadian - Single responses	3,155	1,260	1,860	35
Canadian - Multiple responses	3,710	2,000	1,705	0
English- Total responses	3,135	2,855	255	0
English - Single responses	440	445	0	0
English - Multiple responses	2,690	2,410	255	0
French - Total responses	4,730	2,475	2,245	0
French - Single responses	700	40	660	0
French - Multiple responses	4,030	2,440	1,585	0
Scottish - Total responses	2,075	1,955	120	0
Scottish - Single responses	195	195	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	1,885	1,760	120	0
Irish - Total responses	4,245	3,915	325	0
Irish - Single responses	630	615	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	3,610	3,305	310	0
German - Total responses	1,095	1,030	65	0
German - Single responses	245	240	0	0
German - Multiple responses	845	790	60	0
Italian - Total responses	100	30	70	0
Italian - Single responses	50	0	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	55	30	25	0
Chinese - Total responses	45	45	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	40	35	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	1,575	685	855	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	275	0	270	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,300	685	585	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	30	30	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	20	15	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	50	30	20	0
East Indian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	45	20	20	0
Dutch - Total responses	75	65	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	65	60	0	0
Polish- Total responses	405	330	80	0
Polish - Single responses	45	35	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	365	295	70	0
Filipino - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	40	35	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	35	30	0	0
Russian- Total responses	0	0	0	0
Russian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	100	100	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	90	90	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Métis - Total responses	1,545	575	965	0
Métis - Single responses	360	45	320	0
Métis - Multiple responses	1,180	540	645	0
Portuguese - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
American - Total responses	95	80	0	0
American - Single responses	0	0	0	0
American - Multiple responses	95	80	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	25	20	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	20	25	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	40	35	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	40	35	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	11,935	7,330	4,575	0
Without income	720	395	315	0
With income	11,215	6,935	4,260	0
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	1,050	740	305	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	1,030	695	335	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	1,660	1,050	610	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	1,340	730	600	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	1,760	950	815	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	1,630	1,090	540	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	1,140	670	470	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	650	410	240	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	595	330	260	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	185	120	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	180	150	30	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	115	110	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	65	45	25	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 96	23,090	23,275	23,053	0
Average income $^Footnote 97	28,444	28,416	28,333	0
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	11,940	7,330	4,575	0
Without after-tax income	725	400	315	0
With after-tax income	11,210	6,930	4,265	0
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	1,045	740	305	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	1,080	740	345	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	1,690	1,065	620	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	1,365	750	605	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	2,170	1,230	940	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	1,985	1,275	715	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	935	485	445	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	480	320	160	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	305	200	95	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	115	90	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	40	35	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	21,609	21,570	21,649	0
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	24,678	24,564	24,771	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	11,940	7,330	4,575	0
With employment income	6,695	4,135	2,550	0
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	23,200	23,170	23,970	0
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	27,819	26,730	29,420	0
With wages and salaries	5,900	3,585	2,305	0
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	25,195	24,407	27,689	0
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	29,757	29,089	30,624	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	6,380	3,810	2,555	0
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	3,165	1,875	1,290	0
All others^Footnote 108	3,220	1,935	1,270	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.