Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Division No. 16
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 30.5 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	67,005	64,600	1,535	390
0 to 4 years	5,315	5,020	65	0
5 to 9 years	3,840	3,745	65	30
10 to 14 years	3,605	3,550	20	30
15 to 19 years	4,060	3,895	90	75
20 to 24 years	6,230	6,055	115	0
25 to 29 years	8,130	7,910	200	0
30 to 34 years	6,935	6,675	210	30
35 to 39 years	5,780	5,600	120	55
40 to 44 years	5,500	5,345	90	40
45 to 49 years	5,645	5,420	155	45
50 to 54 years	5,575	5,335	230	0
55 to 59 years	3,580	3,445	110	0
60 to 64 years	1,645	1,565	35	0
65 to 69 years	620	595	10	0
70 to 74 years	230	215	15	0
75 to 79 years	165	145	0	0
80 to 84 years	85	40	0	0
85 years and over	55	45	0	0
Median age^Footnote 3	31.5	31.5	35.0	21.7
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	54,235	52,285	1,380	310
Married or living with a common-law partner	33,780	32,585	885	175
Married (and not separated)	25,400	24,510	590	160
Living common law	8,375	8,075	290	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	20,460	19,705	495	140
Single (never legally married)	16,175	15,600	410	135
Separated	1,380	1,360	20	0
Divorced	2,350	2,270	50	0
Widowed	560	465	0	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	67,005	64,600	1,530	395
Single responses	65,980	63,630	1,490	380
English	53,440	53,430	0	0
French	1,505	60	1,445	0
Non-official languages	11,035	10,140	30	380
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	835	820	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	505	490	0	0
Dene	330	325	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	7,850	7,100	30	320
Arabic	620	505	0	65
Bengali	175	160	0	0
Cantonese	50	45	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	380	305	0	0
Creoles	35	0	0	20
Dutch	70	65	0	0
German	160	155	0	0
Greek	15	15	0	0
Gujarati	860	755	0	0
Hindi	215	210	0	0
Hungarian	55	55	0	0
Italian	60	60	0	0
Korean	55	60	0	0
Mandarin	170	150	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	360	355	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	150	135	0	15
Polish	140	135	0	0
Portuguese	115	105	0	0
Romanian	90	75	0	0
Russian	50	50	0	0
Serbian	25	20	0	0
Spanish	1,095	890	0	130
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,810	1,795	0	0
Tamil	115	110	0	0
Ukrainian	50	40	0	0
Urdu	925	815	0	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	2,350	2,220	0	60
Multiple responses	1,025	970	45	0
English and French	65	55	0	0
English and non-official language	910	910	0	0
French and non-official language	45	0	45	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	67,005	64,600	1,535	390
English only	61,795	61,795	0	0
French only	120	0	120	0
English and French	4,580	2,775	1,415	395
Neither English nor French	505	30	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	67,005	64,600	1,535	390
Single responses	65,605	63,260	1,505	360
English	58,725	58,015	710	0
French	780	25	755	0
Non-official languages	6,095	5,220	40	360
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	180	165	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	50	40	0	0
Dene	130	130	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	4,735	3,985	40	310
Arabic	320	220	0	65
Bengali	115	100	0	0
Cantonese	20	15	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	280	210	0	0
Creoles	30	0	0	25
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	25	30	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	675	565	0	0
Hindi	100	100	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	25	0	0
Korean	25	25	0	0
Mandarin	120	95	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	105	105	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	85	65	10	15
Polish	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	70	0	0
Romanian	55	45	0	0
Russian	50	35	0	0
Serbian	25	0	0	0
Spanish	835	630	0	125
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	910	895	0	0
Tamil	70	65	0	0
Ukrainian	20	20	0	0
Urdu	720	610	0	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	1,180	1,070	0	40
Multiple responses	1,400	1,340	30	30
English and French	45	0	0	30
English and non-official language	1,350	1,335	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	67,005	64,600	1,535	390
None	58,735	57,315	800	180
English	3,485	2,930	380	140
French	615	310	295	15
Non-official language	4,050	4,015	25	0
Aboriginal	615	610	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,435	3,410	25	0
English and French	55	0	0	45
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	30	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	13,835	12,785	185	380
Aboriginal languages	1,305	1,290	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	825	810	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	520	515	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,535	11,495	185	380
Italian	230	175	0	0
Portuguese	185	175	0	0
Romanian	100	90	0	0
Spanish	1,550	1,280	65	130
Dutch	110	105	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	355	340	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	235	225	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	25	0	0
Bulgarian	45	45	0	0
Croatian	25	25	0	0
Czech	45	45	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	155	155	0	0
Russian	125	110	0	0
Serbian	35	30	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	65	55	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	65	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	25	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	25	0	0
Hungarian	55	55	0	0
Turkish	85	85	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	40	45	0	0
Somali	335	335	0	0
Amharic	235	175	0	0
Arabic	1,220	1,075	35	75
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	235	215	0	0
Gujarati	935	825	0	0
Hindi	1,235	1,205	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	85	90	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	685	680	0	0
Sindhi	25	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	40	0	0
Urdu	1,250	1,140	0	30
Nepali	25	25	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	190	165	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	40	35	0	0
Kannada	15	15	0	0
Malayalam	380	345	0	0
Tamil	165	160	0	0
Telugu	30	30	0	0
Japanese	20	25	0	0
Korean	50	50	0	0
Cantonese	130	135	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	20	20	0	0
Mandarin	340	315	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	380	310	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	40	40	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	15	0	0
Bisayan languages	40	40	0	0
Ilocano	30	25	0	0
Malay	80	80	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	2,050	2,030	0	0
Akan (Twi)	90	90	0	0
Lingala	20	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	55	25	25	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	140	140	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	180	180	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	125	105	0	0
Creoles	50	25	0	20
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	320	310	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	65,830	63,530	1,495	385
Non-movers	48,785	47,370	985	180
Movers	17,050	16,160	505	200
Non-migrants	10,240	9,825	255	105
Migrants	6,810	6,335	245	95
Internal migrants	6,010	5,600	240	95
Intraprovincial migrants	2,245	2,060	45	70
Interprovincial migrants	3,765	3,545	195	25
External migrants	800	735	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	61,690	59,580	1,465	370
Non-movers	20,365	19,870	325	105
Movers	41,320	39,710	1,140	265
Non-migrants	15,675	15,295	245	85
Migrants	25,640	24,415	895	180
Internal migrants	21,200	20,210	875	105
Intraprovincial migrants	5,810	5,690	110	0
Interprovincial migrants	15,390	14,515	765	95
External migrants	4,440	4,210	20	80
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	67,005	64,600	1,530	390
Canadian citizens	61,275	59,260	1,480	260
Canadian citizens only	60,025	58,075	1,475	220
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,250	1,185	0	35
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	5,730	5,340	50	135
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	67,000	64,600	1,530	390
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	54,665	52,955	1,405	115
Born in province of residence	20,875	20,405	200	105
Born outside province of residence	33,795	32,550	1,205	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	10,330	9,720	125	230
Americas	1,525	1,410	0	60
United States	445	435	0	0
Jamaica	90	90	0	0
Guyana	45	45	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	75	40	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	40	35	0	0
Colombia	80	55	0	0
El Salvador	60	55	0	0
Peru	35	35	0	0
Chile	115	115	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	545	500	0	30
Europe	1,450	1,410	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	650	655	0	0
Italy	25	30	0	0
Germany	105	105	0	0
Poland	90	90	0	0
Portugal	25	25	0	0
Netherlands	85	80	0	0
France	10	0	0	0
Romania	80	75	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	65	55	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
Hungary	35	40	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	15	15	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	40	40	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	170	170	0	0
Africa	1,860	1,625	90	110
Morocco	15	0	10	0
Algeria	30	0	20	0
Egypt	95	60	0	35
South Africa, Republic of	290	285	0	0
Nigeria	300	290	0	0
Ethiopia	265	220	0	0
Kenya	20	20	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	840	745	65	30
Asia	5,430	5,190	15	50
India	1,770	1,700	0	0
China^Footnote 24	385	325	0	0
Philippines	1,120	1,115	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	50	45	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	20	15	0	0
Pakistan	895	825	0	20
Sri Lanka	75	75	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	100	100	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	45	45	0	0
Lebanon	245	235	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	50	50	0	0
Bangladesh	100	95	0	0
Afghanistan	30	25	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	45	45	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	485	480	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	70	75	0	0
Fiji	25	25	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	45	50	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	2,005	1,930	0	45
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	3,645	3,305	45	115
Americas	665	575	0	45
United States	135	135	0	0
Mexico	60	35	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	35	40	0	0
Colombia	45	15	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	275	245	0	15
Other places of birth in Americas	80	80	0	0
Europe	185	165	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	25	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	50	50	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	45	0	0
Africa	865	745	45	45
Nigeria	185	175	0	0
Ethiopia	80	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	40	45	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	200	195	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	255	225	0	0
Asia	1,905	1,800	0	0
Philippines	555	555	0	0
China^Footnote 35	125	100	0	0
India	690	645	0	0
Pakistan	330	300	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	25	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	35	35	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	40	45	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	70	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	67,005	64,600	1,535	390
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	54,665	52,955	1,405	120
Immigrants^Footnote 43	10,330	9,720	120	230
Before 1971	380	355	0	0
1971 to 1980	960	930	15	0
1981 to 1990	830	805	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,640	1,560	25	25
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	6,520	6,065	75	200
2001 to 2005	2,880	2,760	30	90
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	3,645	3,305	50	115
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	2,005	1,930	0	40
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	67,000	64,600	1,530	395
First generation^Footnote 48	12,385	11,700	130	275
Second generation^Footnote 49	6,855	6,500	55	115
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	47,765	46,400	1,350	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	67,000	64,600	1,535	390
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	7,595	7,510	70	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	4,550	4,535	10	0
Métis single identity	2,675	2,605	65	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	130	130	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	125	120	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	120	120	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	59,405	57,090	1,465	390
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	67,000	64,605	1,530	390
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	4,135	4,115	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	62,870	60,490	1,520	390
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	54,240	52,290	1,380	310
In the labour force	44,890	43,430	1,140	220
Employed	42,770	41,370	1,100	210
Unemployed	2,120	2,065	40	0
Not in the labour force	9,350	8,855	235	90
Participation rate	82.8	83.1	82.6	71.0
Employment rate	78.9	79.1	79.7	67.7
Unemployment rate	4.7	4.8	3.5	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	44,890	43,430	1,140	220
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	425	420	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	44,465	43,015	1,135	220
Employee	42,740	41,365	1,075	220
Self-employed	1,720	1,640	60	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	935	890	45	0
Without paid help	415	390	0	0
With paid help	520	500	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	735	710	20	0
Without paid help	455	440	0	0
With paid help	280	270	0	0
Unpaid family worker	0	0	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	44,890	43,430	1,145	220
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	430	420	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	44,460	43,015	1,135	220
0 Management occupations	3,805	3,735	65	0
00 Senior management occupations	140	135	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	985	970	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,190	1,155	30	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,495	1,475	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,470	6,300	130	35
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	650	610	20	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,630	2,535	80	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	235	220	15	0
14 Office support occupations	1,790	1,765	25	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,170	1,165	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,545	4,420	75	45
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,360	2,285	35	40
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,185	2,135	40	0
3 Health occupations	1,290	1,275	0	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	370	370	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	215	210	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	530	525	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	170	170	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,260	3,125	95	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,200	1,175	30	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	435	410	10	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	395	380	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	480	455	25	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	750	695	35	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	550	520	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	90	90	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	455	430	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	7,730	7,425	195	60
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	515	485	25	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,100	1,060	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	1,100	1,070	30	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,610	1,545	45	0
66 Sales support occupations	995	930	40	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,410	2,330	45	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	13,005	12,560	415	20
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	3,865	3,755	85	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	2,600	2,460	140	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	440	435	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	5,480	5,315	150	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	615	590	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,480	1,395	75	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	845	835	10	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	180	125	55	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	450	430	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,325	2,255	65	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	1,975	1,950	20	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	65	55	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	105	75	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	175	175	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	44,890	43,430	1,140	220
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	430	420	0	0
All industries^Footnote 64	44,460	43,010	1,140	220
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	55	50	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	13,050	12,625	360	50
22 Utilities	350	320	30	0
23 Construction	4,720	4,565	125	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,950	1,900	30	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,875	1,830	40	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,705	3,575	105	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,040	1,995	40	0
51 Information and cultural industries	300	295	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	590	580	10	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	995	985	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,785	1,740	40	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	25	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,165	2,105	55	0
61 Educational services	2,045	1,985	50	0
62 Health care and social assistance	2,235	2,155	45	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	760	735	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,135	2,005	60	60
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,645	1,575	70	0
91 Public administration	2,040	1,970	45	25
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	42,770	41,370	1,100	210
Usual place of work	33,725	32,660	860	185
Work in CSD of residence	32,985	31,955	830	185
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	175	170	0	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	305	290	0	0
Work in a different province	265	245	0	0
Worked at home	1,360	1,285	35	0
Worked outside Canada	45	45	0	0
No fixed workplace address	7,640	7,375	205	20
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	41,370	40,040	1,065	205
Car, truck or van - as a driver	22,030	21,390	550	75
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	3,295	3,235	25	0
Public transit	13,500	12,980	425	70
Walked	1,615	1,520	40	50
Bicycle	45	35	0	0
Other methods	890	875	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	47,530	45,945	1,230	250
English	47,290	45,795	1,155	245
French	65	20	40	0
Non-official language	80	70	0	0
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	75	65	0	0
English and French	50	20	30	0
English and non-official language	40	30	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	47,530	45,940	1,230	250
None	46,350	45,120	925	210
English	65	40	20	0
French	455	140	290	25
Non-official language	595	575	0	0
Aboriginal	140	140	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	455	435	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	70	65	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	54,240	52,290	1,380	310
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,810	8,385	190	45
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	14,275	13,815	350	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	31,155	30,090	835	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	8,930	8,590	320	25
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	2,845	2,720	125	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	6,085	5,870	190	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,825	10,480	300	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	1,945	1,880	60	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,450	9,140	160	130
Bachelor's degree	6,505	6,305	130	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	885	855	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	150	120	0	0
Master's degree	1,815	1,780	0	40
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	95	85	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	31,150	30,090	840	180
Education	1,650	1,615	30	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	535	525	0	0
Humanities	900	880	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,840	1,745	55	30
Business, management and public administration	5,510	5,325	140	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	880	855	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	815	780	25	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,240	12,785	370	80
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	455	445	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	2,800	2,715	70	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,540	2,410	105	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	31,155	30,085	840	180
Inside Canada	25,330	24,490	790	45
Newfoundland and Labrador	4,715	4,710	0	0
Prince Edward Island	230	230	0	0
Nova Scotia	1,475	1,455	20	0
New Brunswick	685	575	110	0
Quebec	580	290	285	0
Ontario	2,785	2,630	140	0
Manitoba	360	350	0	0
Saskatchewan	665	650	15	0
Alberta	11,820	11,595	200	0
British Columbia	1,940	1,935	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	35	40	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	5,830	5,600	50	135
Total population in private households by visible minority	67,005	64,600	1,535	390
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	12,340	11,385	165	360
South Asian^Footnote 82	4,085	3,795	10	55
Chinese	745	655	0	0
Black	2,075	1,915	80	55
Filipino	2,240	2,215	0	0
Latin American	1,035	840	0	125
Arab	1,055	930	30	65
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	545	545	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	165	140	0	20
Korean	55	55	0	0
Japanese	35	40	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	80	70	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	220	195	0	25
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	54,665	53,215	1,370	30
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	67,005	64,600	1,535	390
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	39,255	37,715	770	325
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	27,750	26,885	765	65
Canadian - Total responses	22,355	21,535	820	0
Canadian - Single responses	12,965	12,650	315	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	9,395	8,885	500	0
English- Total responses	16,360	16,325	35	0
English - Single responses	4,660	4,655	0	0
English - Multiple responses	11,705	11,670	35	0
French - Total responses	7,075	6,100	960	0
French - Single responses	740	480	255	0
French - Multiple responses	6,335	5,620	700	0
Scottish - Total responses	9,390	9,355	30	0
Scottish - Single responses	1,165	1,165	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	8,225	8,195	30	0
Irish - Total responses	10,375	10,245	130	0
Irish - Single responses	1,660	1,645	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	8,715	8,600	110	0
German - Total responses	5,355	5,285	50	0
German - Single responses	745	745	0	0
German - Multiple responses	4,610	4,545	50	0
Italian - Total responses	1,045	1,005	0	0
Italian - Single responses	180	175	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	870	830	0	0
Chinese - Total responses	1,100	1,010	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	710	620	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	390	390	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	6,140	6,085	40	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	3,080	3,065	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	3,060	3,020	40	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	3,200	3,185	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	540	530	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	2,655	2,655	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	3,115	2,905	0	45
East Indian - Single responses	2,525	2,325	0	45
East Indian - Multiple responses	590	575	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	2,025	2,010	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	535	535	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	1,485	1,475	0	0
Polish- Total responses	1,415	1,415	0	0
Polish - Single responses	235	235	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,180	1,180	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	2,415	2,385	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	1,970	1,945	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	450	440	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	1,325	1,305	15	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	280	285	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	1,040	1,020	15	0
Russian- Total responses	870	865	0	0
Russian - Single responses	45	45	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	825	820	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	935	935	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	60	65	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	870	870	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	1,435	1,430	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	135	140	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	1,295	1,295	0	0
Métis - Total responses	2,335	2,205	130	0
Métis - Single responses	635	630	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	1,705	1,580	130	0
Portuguese - Total responses	250	240	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	60	60	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	185	185	0	0
American - Total responses	530	525	0	0
American - Single responses	100	100	0	0
American - Multiple responses	430	425	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	870	810	0	50
Spanish - Single responses	135	105	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	735	705	0	20
Swedish - Total responses	650	645	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	40	35	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	615	610	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	260	255	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	40	40	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	220	215	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	54,235	52,290	1,380	310
Without income	2,725	2,605	75	35
With income	51,510	49,680	1,305	275
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	4,470	4,210	145	30
$5,000 to $9,999	2,500	2,370	70	0
$10,000 to $14,999	2,280	2,155	55	35
$15,000 to $19,999	2,300	2,225	40	0
$20,000 to $29,999	3,100	2,975	65	25
$30,000 to $39,999	3,040	2,935	70	0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,915	2,840	45	0
$50,000 to $59,999	2,760	2,685	70	0
$60,000 to $79,999	5,135	4,960	155	0
$80,000 to $99,999	3,775	3,670	90	0
$100,000 and over	19,230	18,650	500	70
$100,000 to $124,999	4,485	4,365	90	0
$125,000 and over	14,745	14,280	410	60
Median income $^Footnote 96	68,653	69,390	71,187	30,374
Average income $^Footnote 97	87,874	88,458	85,123	57,220
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	54,235	52,285	1,380	310
Without after-tax income	2,740	2,615	75	30
With after-tax income	51,500	49,670	1,305	275
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	4,475	4,220	145	30
$5,000 to $9,999	2,545	2,425	70	0
$10,000 to $14,999	2,335	2,200	60	30
$15,000 to $19,999	2,500	2,415	50	0
$20,000 to $29,999	3,755	3,595	75	50
$30,000 to $39,999	3,825	3,715	70	0
$40,000 to $49,999	3,725	3,635	85	0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,870	3,755	115	0
$60,000 to $79,999	5,880	5,700	150	0
$80,000 to $99,999	4,895	4,765	110	0
$100,000 and over	13,695	13,255	380	55
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	56,879	57,250	58,050	26,790
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	67,438	67,856	65,626	45,840
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	54,240	52,290	1,380	310
With employment income	45,495	44,025	1,140	250
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	78,073	78,234	80,757	30,065
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	94,453	94,863	90,257	60,726
With wages and salaries	44,785	43,370	1,105	250
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	79,073	79,282	84,026	30,065
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	95,196	95,550	91,674	60,726
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	44,890	43,430	1,145	220
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	26,340	25,600	575	145
All others^Footnote 108	18,550	17,835	570	70

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.