Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Cowichan Valley
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 24.9 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	78,675	77,720	770	70
0 to 4 years	3,785	3,750	0	0
5 to 9 years	3,910	3,885	25	0
10 to 14 years	4,455	4,450	0	0
15 to 19 years	5,095	5,055	20	0
20 to 24 years	3,825	3,810	10	0
25 to 29 years	3,205	3,180	25	0
30 to 34 years	3,870	3,790	70	0
35 to 39 years	4,090	4,050	40	0
40 to 44 years	4,855	4,810	40	0
45 to 49 years	6,300	6,215	80	0
50 to 54 years	6,890	6,770	110	0
55 to 59 years	6,705	6,630	75	0
60 to 64 years	6,635	6,535	90	0
65 to 69 years	4,980	4,900	55	0
70 to 74 years	3,610	3,535	45	0
75 to 79 years	2,860	2,825	30	0
80 to 84 years	1,910	1,865	35	0
85 years and over	1,680	1,670	0	0
Median age^Footnote 3	46.9	46.8	53.9	19.6
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	66,520	65,635	735	50
Married or living with a common-law partner	41,820	41,155	605	30
Married (and not separated)	34,475	33,955	475	0
Living common law	7,350	7,205	130	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	24,700	24,480	130	25
Single (never legally married)	14,350	14,280	50	20
Separated	1,920	1,900	20	0
Divorced	4,680	4,630	30	0
Widowed	3,745	3,670	25	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	78,675	77,725	770	70
Single responses	78,300	77,395	755	45
English	72,705	72,705	0	0
French	865	130	740	0
Non-official languages	4,725	4,560	0	40
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	3,530	3,375	0	40
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0
Cantonese	65	65	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	115	70	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	695	690	0	0
German	950	925	0	20
Greek	25	30	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	75	75	0	0
Italian	150	150	0	0
Korean	45	50	0	0
Mandarin	25	25	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	640	585	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	35	0	0
Polish	105	105	0	0
Portuguese	50	45	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	80	85	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	60	55	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	175	175	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	120	115	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	40	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	1,195	1,175	0	0
Multiple responses	375	330	0	25
English and French	95	70	0	25
English and non-official language	245	245	0	0
French and non-official language	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	78,670	77,725	770	70
English only	74,125	74,130	0	0
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	4,430	3,590	770	70
Neither English nor French	110	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	78,675	77,725	775	70
Single responses	78,385	77,485	760	35
English	77,165	76,545	620	0
French	160	30	135	0
Non-official languages	1,060	915	0	35
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	955	820	0	30
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	35	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	100	90	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	20	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	40	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	505	445	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	25	0	0
Polish	20	25	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	40	40	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	35	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	25	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	105	95	0	0
Multiple responses	285	240	15	30
English and French	45	0	10	35
English and non-official language	240	245	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	78,675	77,725	770	70
None	75,610	75,025	470	35
English	505	385	95	20
French	565	385	185	0
Non-official language	1,925	1,895	0	0
Aboriginal	440	440	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,485	1,460	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	0	20	0
French and non-official language	40	40	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	6,670	6,435	85	45
Aboriginal languages	495	495	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	450	450	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,185	5,945	85	45
Italian	255	240	0	0
Portuguese	85	85	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	895	840	45	0
Dutch	780	780	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	1,460	1,425	15	25
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	230	230	0	0
Norwegian	65	65	0	0
Swedish	80	80	0	0
Afrikaans	70	65	0	0
Gaelic languages	30	30	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	35	0	0
Czech	140	145	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	115	115	0	0
Russian	155	155	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	35	35	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	85	85	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	60	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	115	115	0	0
Hungarian	80	75	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	15	0	0
Gujarati	20	20	0	0
Hindi	255	260	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	700	640	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	80	70	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	35	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	215	190	0	0
Korean	75	75	0	0
Cantonese	70	70	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	45	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	120	75	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	30	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	40	0	0
Bisayan languages	20	20	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	230	225	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	25	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	210	200	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	77,990	77,060	775	55
Non-movers	69,000	68,200	650	50
Movers	8,995	8,865	120	0
Non-migrants	4,110	4,060	45	0
Migrants	4,880	4,800	80	0
Internal migrants	4,625	4,550	75	0
Intraprovincial migrants	3,940	3,865	75	0
Interprovincial migrants	685	675	0	0
External migrants	255	255	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	74,890	73,975	760	50
Non-movers	45,595	45,110	410	35
Movers	29,285	28,860	350	20
Non-migrants	12,815	12,690	65	0
Migrants	16,475	16,165	280	15
Internal migrants	15,480	15,185	270	0
Intraprovincial migrants	12,050	11,865	165	0
Interprovincial migrants	3,435	3,320	100	0
External migrants	1,000	985	15	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	78,675	77,725	775	70
Canadian citizens	76,855	75,940	765	55
Canadian citizens only	75,495	74,630	745	30
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	1,365	1,310	25	25
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	1,815	1,780	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	78,675	77,725	775	70
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	68,925	68,185	695	35
Born in province of residence	47,100	46,985	75	30
Born outside province of residence	21,825	21,195	620	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	9,465	9,260	75	35
Americas	1,480	1,475	0	0
United States	1,220	1,215	0	0
Jamaica	15	20	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	50	55	0	0
Colombia	30	25	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	115	115	0	0
Europe	6,240	6,155	55	25
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	3,775	3,775	0	0
Italy	105	100	0	0
Germany	590	580	0	0
Poland	105	105	0	0
Portugal	40	40	0	0
Netherlands	700	705	0	0
France	45	0	45	0
Romania	40	40	0	0
Russian Federation	35	40	0	0
Greece	20	20	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
Hungary	55	55	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	20	20	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	140	145	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	535	515	0	0
Africa	260	255	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	180	175	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	65	55	0	0
Asia	1,220	1,110	0	0
India	525	485	0	0
China^Footnote 24	120	75	0	0
Philippines	200	200	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	40	30	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	30	30	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	35	35	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	55	55	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	50	45	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	145	140	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	260	265	0	0
Fiji	20	25	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	240	240	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	285	285	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	680	655	0	0
Americas	185	185	0	0
United States	150	150	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	20	0	0
Europe	290	285	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	55	55	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	190	195	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	40	0	0
Africa	15	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	0	0
Asia	155	145	0	0
Philippines	40	40	0	0
China^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
India	40	40	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	30	30	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	35	35	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	78,675	77,725	770	70
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	68,925	68,185	690	35
Immigrants^Footnote 43	9,465	9,260	75	35
Before 1971	4,815	4,755	30	0
1971 to 1980	1,775	1,760	0	0
1981 to 1990	905	885	0	0
1991 to 2000	715	670	0	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	1,255	1,190	30	0
2001 to 2005	580	535	0	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	675	655	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	285	285	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	78,675	77,725	775	70
First generation^Footnote 48	10,140	9,925	80	35
Second generation^Footnote 49	16,705	16,580	90	35
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	51,825	51,220	605	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	78,675	77,725	775	70
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	8,525	8,450	70	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	6,920	6,915	0	0
Métis single identity	1,480	1,415	65	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	50	50	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	65	65	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	70,145	69,270	705	60
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	78,670	77,720	770	70
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	6,205	6,195	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	72,470	71,530	765	70
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	66,520	65,640	735	50
In the labour force	39,025	38,530	445	15
Employed	35,960	35,500	415	15
Unemployed	3,060	3,030	30	0
Not in the labour force	27,495	27,105	295	35
Participation rate	58.7	58.7	60.5	30.0
Employment rate	54.1	54.1	56.5	30.0
Unemployment rate	7.8	7.9	6.7	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	39,025	38,530	445	15
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	835	815	20	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	38,185	37,720	420	15
Employee	31,990	31,605	345	0
Self-employed	6,200	6,110	80	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	2,100	2,085	0	0
Without paid help	795	790	0	0
With paid help	1,310	1,295	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	4,020	3,950	60	0
Without paid help	3,080	3,025	55	0
With paid help	940	935	0	0
Unpaid family worker	75	70	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	39,025	38,530	440	15
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	835	815	20	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	38,185	37,720	420	15
0 Management occupations	4,345	4,275	65	0
00 Senior management occupations	365	365	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,040	1,025	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,690	1,650	40	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,255	1,240	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,020	4,980	40	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	745	740	0	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,815	1,795	0	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	625	620	0	0
14 Office support occupations	1,320	1,315	0	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	510	510	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,935	1,925	0	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	895	880	0	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,045	1,045	0	0
3 Health occupations	2,735	2,660	70	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	670	640	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	495	485	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	830	790	35	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	745	740	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,395	4,340	55	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,325	1,310	15	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	845	835	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,030	1,020	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	355	340	15	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	840	840	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	910	895	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	400	390	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	510	505	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	9,180	9,095	55	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	590	580	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,450	1,425	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	1,750	1,740	0	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,420	1,410	0	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,595	1,585	10	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,370	2,345	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,870	6,785	85	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,875	2,820	55	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,505	1,485	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	470	470	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,540	1,540	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	475	465	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,325	1,320	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	365	365	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	470	470	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	490	480	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,475	1,455	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	350	340	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	505	500	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	330	330	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	285	285	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	39,025	38,530	445	15
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	835	815	20	0
All industries^Footnote 64	38,185	37,715	425	15
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,025	2,020	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	225	225	0	0
22 Utilities	160	155	0	0
23 Construction	4,000	3,955	45	0
31-33 Manufacturing	2,715	2,660	55	0
41 Wholesale trade	860	855	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,000	4,925	75	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,400	1,400	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	400	405	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,105	1,090	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	685	680	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,045	2,020	25	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,470	1,455	0	0
61 Educational services	2,655	2,625	35	0
62 Health care and social assistance	4,870	4,815	50	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	955	955	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,850	2,805	15	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,815	1,800	20	0
91 Public administration	2,950	2,885	65	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	35,960	35,500	415	15
Usual place of work	26,565	26,220	305	0
Work in CSD of residence	7,355	7,250	70	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	12,150	12,030	115	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	6,750	6,635	110	0
Work in a different province	305	305	0	0
Worked at home	3,665	3,625	35	0
Worked outside Canada	75	70	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,660	5,580	75	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	32,220	31,800	375	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	26,935	26,585	325	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,025	2,010	10	0
Public transit	530	525	0	0
Walked	1,770	1,740	0	0
Bicycle	390	380	0	0
Other methods	575	560	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	42,480	41,965	465	20
English	42,280	41,840	420	15
French	55	20	35	0
Non-official language	70	35	0	0
Aboriginal	15	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	55	25	0	0
English and French	35	30	0	0
English and non-official language	30	30	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	42,480	41,965	465	20
None	41,830	41,420	365	15
English	55	30	20	0
French	225	155	70	0
Non-official language	350	345	0	0
Aboriginal	95	90	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	255	250	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	66,520	65,640	735	50
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,065	12,915	90	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	18,890	18,655	180	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	34,565	34,065	465	30
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	9,215	9,105	100	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	4,335	4,280	50	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	4,880	4,825	50	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,455	12,305	135	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	3,290	3,195	90	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,610	9,455	140	0
Bachelor's degree	6,200	6,095	105	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	760	750	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	350	345	0	0
Master's degree	1,920	1,895	25	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	380	370	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	34,560	34,065	470	30
Education	3,180	3,140	35	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,250	1,235	0	0
Humanities	1,380	1,350	30	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,705	2,645	55	0
Business, management and public administration	5,520	5,435	85	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	915	910	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	610	605	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,530	8,440	85	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,350	1,330	20	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	6,705	6,610	85	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,410	2,360	50	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	34,565	34,065	465	25
Inside Canada	30,875	30,445	420	0
Newfoundland and Labrador	45	45	0	0
Prince Edward Island	65	65	0	0
Nova Scotia	330	320	0	0
New Brunswick	60	55	0	0
Quebec	515	425	90	0
Ontario	2,740	2,690	50	0
Manitoba	755	745	0	0
Saskatchewan	670	655	0	0
Alberta	2,670	2,645	25	0
British Columbia	22,985	22,765	215	0
Yukon	35	30	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	3,685	3,615	50	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	78,675	77,725	775	70
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	3,170	3,020	35	0
South Asian^Footnote 82	1,150	1,095	0	0
Chinese	505	455	0	0
Black	185	185	0	0
Filipino	440	445	0	0
Latin American	95	95	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	205	200	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	30	35	0	0
Korean	75	75	0	0
Japanese	310	280	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	115	115	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	50	50	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	75,500	74,705	740	60
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	78,675	77,725	775	70
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	33,020	32,535	345	30
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	45,655	45,180	430	35
Canadian - Total responses	18,490	18,200	280	0
Canadian - Single responses	7,425	7,315	110	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	11,070	10,885	175	0
English- Total responses	31,900	31,820	75	0
English - Single responses	6,825	6,815	0	0
English - Multiple responses	25,075	25,005	60	0
French - Total responses	8,300	7,740	525	30
French - Single responses	660	480	180	0
French - Multiple responses	7,640	7,265	345	35
Scottish - Total responses	21,965	21,910	60	0
Scottish - Single responses	2,260	2,255	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	19,710	19,650	50	0
Irish - Total responses	15,060	14,950	110	0
Irish - Single responses	1,235	1,230	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	13,830	13,720	110	0
German - Total responses	10,665	10,620	20	25
German - Single responses	1,565	1,555	0	0
German - Multiple responses	9,100	9,065	25	0
Italian - Total responses	2,260	2,250	0	0
Italian - Single responses	335	335	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	1,930	1,920	0	0
Chinese - Total responses	635	585	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	360	310	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	275	275	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	8,280	8,180	90	15
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	4,900	4,900	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	3,375	3,280	90	10
Ukrainian - Total responses	3,665	3,650	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	625	620	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	3,040	3,030	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	1,180	1,125	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	785	730	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	400	390	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	4,980	4,970	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	1,400	1,400	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	3,580	3,575	0	0
Polish- Total responses	2,365	2,355	0	0
Polish - Single responses	235	230	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	2,130	2,120	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	505	510	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	195	195	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	310	310	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	2,150	2,145	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	560	560	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	1,590	1,590	0	0
Russian- Total responses	1,420	1,425	0	0
Russian - Single responses	185	190	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	1,235	1,235	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	3,170	3,150	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	295	295	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	2,875	2,860	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	2,880	2,880	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	380	380	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	2,505	2,500	0	0
Métis - Total responses	1,775	1,750	25	0
Métis - Single responses	120	115	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	1,660	1,635	25	0
Portuguese - Total responses	335	325	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	70	65	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	260	260	0	0
American - Total responses	1,515	1,510	0	0
American - Single responses	105	100	0	0
American - Multiple responses	1,410	1,410	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	615	615	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	35	35	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	580	580	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	2,560	2,560	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	160	165	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	2,395	2,400	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	600	600	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	110	110	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	495	490	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	66,520	65,640	735	50
Without income	2,990	2,950	30	0
With income	63,525	62,690	710	30
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	6,255	6,190	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,795	4,760	30	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,775	6,690	75	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	6,030	5,905	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	10,075	9,935	120	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	7,960	7,905	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	6,375	6,295	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,350	4,270	70	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	5,765	5,690	75	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	2,760	2,720	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	2,390	2,330	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	1,285	1,240	50	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	1,105	1,090	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 96	27,710	27,730	32,122	27,791
Average income $^Footnote 97	36,028	35,993	42,001	33,808
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	66,520	65,635	740	45
Without after-tax income	3,010	2,965	25	0
With after-tax income	63,505	62,675	705	35
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	6,370	6,300	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	5,020	4,980	30	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,895	6,820	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	6,360	6,235	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	11,420	11,270	135	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	9,010	8,930	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	6,580	6,480	95	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,340	4,285	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	5,080	5,000	70	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	1,360	1,315	40	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	1,075	1,060	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	26,061	26,089	30,803	27,791
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	31,407	31,380	36,055	30,180
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	66,515	65,635	735	45
With employment income	43,375	42,825	490	25
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	25,927	25,900	36,146	15,899
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	34,722	34,660	41,848	34,597
With wages and salaries	38,860	38,375	430	10
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	28,334	28,271	45,338	4,856
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	36,396	36,323	45,520	18,439
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	39,025	38,530	440	15
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	18,225	17,950	255	0
All others^Footnote 108	20,800	20,580	185	15

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.