Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Cumberland
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 39.8 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	30,230	29,865	315	55
0 to 4 years	1,225	1,185	45	0
5 to 9 years	1,290	1,265	0	0
10 to 14 years	1,660	1,655	0	0
15 to 19 years	1,765	1,745	0	0
20 to 24 years	1,280	1,275	0	0
25 to 29 years	1,180	1,160	0	0
30 to 34 years	1,240	1,225	0	0
35 to 39 years	1,695	1,695	0	0
40 to 44 years	1,945	1,895	30	0
45 to 49 years	2,400	2,395	0	0
50 to 54 years	2,540	2,520	20	0
55 to 59 years	2,660	2,630	20	0
60 to 64 years	2,635	2,605	25	0
65 to 69 years	2,215	2,185	20	0
70 to 74 years	1,580	1,525	0	0
75 to 79 years	1,095	1,085	0	0
80 to 84 years	995	990	0	0
85 years and over	845	830	0	0
Median age^Footnote 3	48.7	48.7	52.4	19.9
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	26,060	25,760	250	45
Married or living with a common-law partner	16,145	15,910	215	25
Married (and not separated)	13,455	13,260	170	25
Living common law	2,695	2,650	45	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	9,905	9,850	35	0
Single (never legally married)	5,490	5,470	0	0
Separated	740	735	0	0
Divorced	1,560	1,560	0	0
Widowed	2,120	2,090	30	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	30,230	29,865	315	50
Single responses	30,140	29,800	285	50
English	29,340	29,340	0	0
French	335	50	285	0
Non-official languages	465	405	0	50
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	435	380	0	50
Arabic	35	0	0	30
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	25	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	55	55	0	0
German	150	140	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	30	20	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	50	50	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	20	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	30	30	0	0
Multiple responses	90	65	0	0
English and French	25	30	0	0
English and non-official language	40	35	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	30,230	29,865	315	50
English only	28,640	28,635	0	0
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	1,565	1,220	290	50
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	30,230	29,860	310	50
Single responses	30,215	29,845	310	50
English	29,850	29,640	205	0
French	125	0	105	0
Non-official languages	250	190	0	55
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	240	190	0	50
Arabic	35	0	0	35
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	95	95	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	35	25	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	50	50	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	15	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	30,235	29,865	310	50
None	29,615	29,425	180	0
English	155	120	0	0
French	320	195	90	30
Non-official language	145	115	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	145	115	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	795	705	35	55
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	785	695	35	50
Italian	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	95	90	0	0
Dutch	70	70	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	205	165	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	0
Russian	40	40	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	0	0	35
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	35	30	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	35	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	160	155	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	29,965	29,595	315	50
Non-movers	27,165	26,820	285	50
Movers	2,800	2,775	25	0
Non-migrants	1,365	1,365	0	0
Migrants	1,440	1,415	25	0
Internal migrants	1,395	1,375	25	0
Intraprovincial migrants	865	865	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	530	510	0	0
External migrants	40	40	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	29,005	28,680	265	50
Non-movers	20,880	20,690	175	0
Movers	8,120	7,985	90	40
Non-migrants	3,455	3,430	0	0
Migrants	4,665	4,560	70	45
Internal migrants	4,325	4,265	60	0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,500	2,500	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	1,825	1,770	55	0
External migrants	340	295	0	40
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	30,230	29,860	310	50
Canadian citizens	29,990	29,645	310	30
Canadian citizens only	29,805	29,490	310	0
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	185	155	0	25
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	240	215	0	25
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	30,230	29,865	310	50
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	29,325	28,995	310	0
Born in province of residence	23,175	23,135	40	0
Born outside province of residence	6,145	5,860	270	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	855	820	0	40
Americas	185	190	0	0
United States	155	150	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	550	535	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	285	285	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0
Germany	170	160	0	0
Poland	10	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	50	50	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	15	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	105	75	0	25
India	25	25	0	0
China^Footnote 24	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	0	0	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	0	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	50	55	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	130	125	0	0
Americas	40	35	0	0
United States	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	60	65	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	60	55	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	35	30	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	30,230	29,860	310	50
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	29,325	28,990	315	0
Immigrants^Footnote 43	855	820	0	40
Before 1971	375	380	0	0
1971 to 1980	145	140	0	0
1981 to 1990	50	50	0	0
1991 to 2000	100	80	0	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	185	170	0	0
2001 to 2005	50	45	0	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	135	125	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	50	50	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	30,230	29,860	315	50
First generation^Footnote 48	930	895	0	40
Second generation^Footnote 49	1,595	1,550	0	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	27,705	27,420	290	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	30,230	29,860	310	50
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	450	450	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	340	340	0	0
Métis single identity	80	80	0	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	29,780	29,415	305	50
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	30,235	29,860	310	55
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	140	140	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	30,090	29,720	310	55
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	26,055	25,760	255	45
In the labour force	14,370	14,245	115	0
Employed	12,740	12,620	110	0
Unemployed	1,630	1,625	0	0
Not in the labour force	11,685	11,515	135	35
Participation rate	55.2	55.3	45.1	0.0
Employment rate	48.9	49.0	43.1	0.0
Unemployment rate	11.3	11.4	0.0	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	14,370	14,245	120	0
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	325	325	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	14,040	13,920	115	0
Employee	13,020	12,915	105	0
Self-employed	1,025	1,005	0	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	250	240	0	0
Without paid help	85	85	0	0
With paid help	165	160	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	755	745	0	0
Without paid help	485	480	0	0
With paid help	270	265	0	0
Unpaid family worker	20	20	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	14,365	14,245	115	0
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	325	325	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	14,045	13,925	115	0
0 Management occupations	1,385	1,375	0	0
00 Senior management occupations	65	60	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	360	360	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	570	575	0	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	385	380	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,790	1,785	0	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	150	145	0	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	640	640	0	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	130	130	0	0
14 Office support occupations	595	585	0	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	285	285	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	500	505	0	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	160	160	0	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	345	345	0	0
3 Health occupations	975	950	0	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	320	300	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	90	80	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	280	280	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	290	290	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,730	1,715	0	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	450	445	0	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	350	345	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	260	260	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	105	105	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	565	565	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	205	200	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	95	90	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	110	110	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	3,285	3,250	40	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	210	200	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	465	460	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	675	670	0	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	540	515	0	0
66 Sales support occupations	480	480	0	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	925	920	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,425	2,415	0	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	550	545	0	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	730	730	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	190	180	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	795	795	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	155	155	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	705	695	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	270	265	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	225	230	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	205	205	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,035	1,040	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	100	100	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	300	300	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	200	200	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	440	435	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	14,370	14,245	115	0
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	330	325	0	0
All industries^Footnote 64	14,045	13,925	110	0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	830	815	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	340	335	0	0
22 Utilities	100	100	0	0
23 Construction	705	705	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,860	1,845	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	365	355	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	1,835	1,830	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	475	475	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	225	225	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	315	310	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	90	90	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	390	385	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	570	550	0	0
61 Educational services	1,050	1,045	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	1,915	1,890	20	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	220	225	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	740	735	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	735	735	0	0
91 Public administration	1,280	1,275	0	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	12,735	12,625	110	0
Usual place of work	10,800	10,695	95	0
Work in CSD of residence	4,780	4,750	0	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	4,680	4,650	40	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	585	580	0	0
Work in a different province	745	715	35	0
Worked at home	805	795	0	0
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,130	1,125	0	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	11,935	11,825	100	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	9,905	9,795	100	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	900	900	0	0
Public transit	80	80	0	0
Walked	835	830	0	0
Bicycle	25	25	0	0
Other methods	185	185	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	15,205	15,060	120	0
English	15,060	14,955	80	0
French	105	95	0	0
Non-official language	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15	0	0	0
English and French	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	15,205	15,060	115	0
None	14,950	14,830	95	0
English	40	0	0	0
French	175	160	0	0
Non-official language	40	40	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	40	40	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	26,060	25,760	250	45
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,265	7,165	85	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	6,570	6,510	55	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	12,220	12,080	105	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	3,415	3,380	25	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	2,060	2,040	15	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	1,350	1,340	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,325	5,280	40	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	810	790	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,675	2,625	40	0
Bachelor's degree	1,655	1,635	20	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	325	325	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	70	70	0	0
Master's degree	520	500	0	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	105	100	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	12,220	12,075	110	40
Education	1,065	1,050	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	100	100	0	0
Humanities	445	435	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	915	910	0	0
Business, management and public administration	2,900	2,850	55	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	255	240	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	260	260	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,945	2,930	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	395	395	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	1,940	1,915	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,000	990	0	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	12,225	12,075	105	35
Inside Canada	11,790	11,660	105	0
Newfoundland and Labrador	155	155	0	0
Prince Edward Island	255	250	0	0
Nova Scotia	8,615	8,565	50	0
New Brunswick	1,420	1,365	35	0
Quebec	100	85	0	0
Ontario	840	835	0	0
Manitoba	70	75	0	0
Saskatchewan	15	15	0	0
Alberta	160	160	0	0
British Columbia	160	155	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	435	415	0	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	30,230	29,860	310	50
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	860	820	0	40
South Asian^Footnote 82	80	75	0	0
Chinese	65	65	0	0
Black	465	465	0	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0
Latin American	50	50	0	0
Arab	35	0	0	35
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	29,370	29,040	315	0
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	30,230	29,860	310	55
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	14,740	14,545	140	50
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	15,490	15,315	170	0
Canadian - Total responses	13,560	13,435	130	0
Canadian - Single responses	7,395	7,320	80	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	6,165	6,115	50	0
English- Total responses	11,915	11,875	40	0
English - Single responses	3,185	3,190	0	0
English - Multiple responses	8,730	8,685	40	0
French - Total responses	4,760	4,535	220	0
French - Single responses	520	460	60	0
French - Multiple responses	4,245	4,080	160	0
Scottish - Total responses	9,670	9,660	0	0
Scottish - Single responses	1,605	1,605	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	8,070	8,060	0	0
Irish - Total responses	6,435	6,420	0	0
Irish - Single responses	775	780	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	5,655	5,650	0	0
German - Total responses	2,270	2,235	0	0
German - Single responses	470	460	0	0
German - Multiple responses	1,805	1,775	0	0
Italian - Total responses	240	235	0	0
Italian - Single responses	50	50	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	190	185	0	0
Chinese - Total responses	60	65	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	25	25	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	35	40	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	1,085	1,080	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	60	55	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,025	1,020	0	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	215	215	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	70	70	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	145	145	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	75	65	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	35	30	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	35	35	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	965	965	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	175	170	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	795	795	0	0
Polish- Total responses	145	150	0	0
Polish - Single responses	15	10	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	135	135	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	445	445	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	75	75	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	370	365	0	0
Russian- Total responses	50	55	0	0
Russian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	40	45	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	455	455	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	20	15	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	440	435	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	105	105	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	100	100	0	0
Métis - Total responses	145	135	0	0
Métis - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	120	115	0	0
Portuguese - Total responses	35	40	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	25	25	0	0
American - Total responses	45	45	0	0
American - Single responses	0	0	0	0
American - Multiple responses	45	45	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	90	90	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	80	80	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	55	55	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	55	60	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	75	75	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	70	70	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	26,055	25,760	250	45
Without income	1,120	1,100	0	0
With income	24,940	24,665	240	30
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	2,365	2,360	10	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	2,790	2,780	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	2,600	2,535	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	3,120	3,065	50	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	4,120	4,070	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	3,525	3,495	25	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	2,305	2,285	20	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,480	1,450	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	1,665	1,645	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	505	495	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	460	460	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	175	175	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	285	285	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 96	22,968	22,973	19,419	57,347
Average income $^Footnote 97	30,317	30,317	26,710	59,408
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	26,060	25,760	250	45
Without after-tax income	1,175	1,150	0	0
With after-tax income	24,880	24,605	240	35
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	2,370	2,365	10	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	2,835	2,830	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	2,615	2,555	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	3,595	3,545	50	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	4,990	4,935	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	3,715	3,695	20	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	2,275	2,245	15	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,230	1,210	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	815	800	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	200	200	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	230	235	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	21,549	21,550	18,281	52,227
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	26,172	26,158	23,951	54,709
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	26,055	25,760	250	45
With employment income	15,155	15,020	110	0
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	25,425	25,453	15,371	0
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	31,309	31,345	28,585	0
With wages and salaries	14,185	14,065	100	0
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	26,407	26,431	15,778	0
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	32,258	32,289	30,644	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	14,370	14,245	115	0
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	7,960	7,885	60	0
All others^Footnote 108	6,410	6,360	50	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.