Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Madawaska
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 28.2 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	32,330	1,645	30,645	35
0 to 4 years	1,475	100	1,380	0
5 to 9 years	1,490	120	1,370	0
10 to 14 years	1,525	90	1,430	0
15 to 19 years	1,740	50	1,685	0
20 to 24 years	1,595	80	1,515	0
25 to 29 years	1,620	60	1,555	0
30 to 34 years	1,825	135	1,690	0
35 to 39 years	1,965	120	1,835	0
40 to 44 years	2,085	150	1,930	0
45 to 49 years	2,755	115	2,630	0
50 to 54 years	3,300	105	3,185	0
55 to 59 years	3,000	160	2,840	0
60 to 64 years	2,830	125	2,700	0
65 to 69 years	1,950	55	1,895	0
70 to 74 years	1,185	60	1,120	0
75 to 79 years	930	25	900	0
80 to 84 years	680	45	635	0
85 years and over	380	35	345	0
Median age^Footnote 3	46.5	41.4	46.7	50.8
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	27,835	1,335	26,465	35
Married or living with a common-law partner	18,030	940	17,070	0
Married (and not separated)	13,100	755	12,325	0
Living common law	4,935	185	4,750	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	9,805	400	9,395	0
Single (never legally married)	5,785	210	5,575	0
Separated	1,010	80	930	0
Divorced	1,250	20	1,225	0
Widowed	1,760	90	1,665	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	32,330	1,645	30,650	35
Single responses	32,125	1,620	30,490	0
English	1,545	1,515	25	0
French	30,400	0	30,385	0
Non-official languages	185	90	80	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	170	85	70	0
Arabic	90	30	60	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	40	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	205	20	155	25
English and French	195	25	150	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	32,330	1,650	30,650	35
English only	480	480	0	0
French only	12,735	0	12,740	0
English and French	19,085	1,165	17,885	40
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	32,330	1,645	30,645	35
Single responses	32,170	1,605	30,550	0
English	1,355	970	380	0
French	30,730	610	30,115	0
Non-official languages	80	20	55	0
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	55	20	30	0
Arabic	35	20	15	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	160	40	95	25
English and French	110	15	70	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	0	30	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	32,330	1,650	30,645	35
None	27,690	880	26,780	30
English	3,855	350	3,510	0
French	690	390	295	0
Non-official language	45	0	35	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	45	0	35	0
English and French	25	20	0	0
English and non-official language	20	0	20	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	440	90	335	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	435	90	335	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0
Romanian	40	0	0	0
Spanish	195	0	180	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	105	30	75	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	50	0	50	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	32,010	1,650	30,330	30
Non-movers	29,080	1,485	27,560	35
Movers	2,925	160	2,770	0
Non-migrants	1,900	80	1,820	0
Migrants	1,025	85	945	0
Internal migrants	990	80	915	0
Intraprovincial migrants	755	40	720	0
Interprovincial migrants	235	40	195	0
External migrants	30	0	30	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	30,850	1,550	29,270	35
Non-movers	22,860	1,045	21,795	20
Movers	7,990	505	7,470	0
Non-migrants	4,695	235	4,465	0
Migrants	3,290	270	3,010	0
Internal migrants	3,105	220	2,880	0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,335	160	2,170	0
Interprovincial migrants	775	60	715	0
External migrants	185	50	125	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	32,330	1,650	30,650	40
Canadian citizens	31,880	1,455	30,405	20
Canadian citizens only	31,390	1,295	30,070	20
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	490	155	330	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	455	195	240	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	32,330	1,650	30,650	35
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	30,980	1,150	29,820	0
Born in province of residence	27,740	830	26,905	0
Born outside province of residence	3,240	320	2,915	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	1,270	475	770	25
Americas	1,070	415	645	0
United States	1,040	410	625	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	0	20	0
Europe	90	25	50	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0
France	30	0	30	0
Romania	45	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	60	20	35	0
Morocco	15	0	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	0	20	0
Asia	50	0	35	0
India	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 24	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	0	35	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	0	0	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	0	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	75	25	55	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	170	75	90	0
Americas	50	30	15	0
United States	40	30	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0
Europe	60	25	30	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	45	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0
Africa	50	20	30	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	20	20	0
Asia	15	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	32,330	1,650	30,645	35
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	30,980	1,145	29,820	0
Immigrants^Footnote 43	1,275	480	775	25
Before 1971	265	45	220	0
1971 to 1980	410	180	230	0
1981 to 1990	235	60	175	0
1991 to 2000	80	50	25	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	275	145	120	0
2001 to 2005	105	70	35	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	170	70	85	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	70	20	50	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	32,330	1,645	30,645	35
First generation^Footnote 48	1,395	515	855	20
Second generation^Footnote 49	1,595	260	1,335	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	29,340	870	28,455	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	32,330	1,645	30,645	35
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	505	45	460	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	290	40	250	0
Métis single identity	160	0	155	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	60	0	55	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	31,820	1,600	30,185	35
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	32,330	1,645	30,650	35
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	245	40	205	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	32,085	1,610	30,445	35
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	27,840	1,335	26,465	35
In the labour force	16,985	800	16,165	0
Employed	15,185	700	14,480	0
Unemployed	1,795	105	1,685	0
Not in the labour force	10,855	535	10,300	0
Participation rate	61.0	59.9	61.1	0.0
Employment rate	54.5	52.4	54.7	0.0
Unemployment rate	10.6	13.1	10.4	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	16,985	800	16,160	0
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	285	0	270	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	16,700	795	15,890	0
Employee	15,705	760	14,940	0
Self-employed	990	35	955	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	390	0	385	0
Without paid help	110	0	110	0
With paid help	280	0	275	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	575	35	540	0
Without paid help	345	0	335	0
With paid help	230	25	200	0
Unpaid family worker	30	0	25	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	16,985	800	16,165	0
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	290	0	270	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	16,700	795	15,890	0
0 Management occupations	1,280	75	1,205	0
00 Senior management occupations	155	0	155	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	330	50	285	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	470	0	460	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	320	0	305	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,110	100	2,010	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	190	0	190	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,070	45	1,025	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	55	0	55	0
14 Office support occupations	455	30	430	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	335	25	310	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	520	65	445	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	165	25	150	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	350	45	305	0
3 Health occupations	1,615	55	1,555	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	450	0	440	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	245	0	240	0
32 Technical occupations in health	375	0	370	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	550	35	515	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,750	85	1,670	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	550	25	520	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	235	10	220	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	390	0	375	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	195	0	195	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	385	35	350	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	215	0	205	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	75	0	65	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	140	0	140	0
6 Sales and service occupations	4,100	265	3,830	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	130	30	105	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	510	25	485	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	700	20	680	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	805	135	665	0
66 Sales support occupations	730	20	710	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,220	35	1,185	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,125	95	3,020	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	985	45	940	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	580	0	565	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	170	0	160	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,125	15	1,095	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	270	0	260	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	535	0	525	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	85	0	80	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	335	0	330	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	115	0	115	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,450	35	1,415	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	190	0	185	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	450	0	445	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	110	0	115	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	700	25	680	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	16,985	800	16,165	0
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	285	0	270	0
All industries^Footnote 64	16,700	795	15,895	0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	910	25	885	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	0	35	0
22 Utilities	50	0	50	0
23 Construction	1,025	60	965	0
31-33 Manufacturing	2,610	130	2,480	0
41 Wholesale trade	385	30	355	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,140	60	2,080	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	845	30	810	0
51 Information and cultural industries	320	75	250	0
52 Finance and insurance	335	0	325	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	95	0	95	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	300	25	275	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	385	15	370	0
61 Educational services	965	45	920	0
62 Health care and social assistance	2,925	115	2,810	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	250	0	235	0
72 Accommodation and food services	990	65	925	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	635	35	595	0
91 Public administration	1,480	55	1,430	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	15,185	695	14,480	0
Usual place of work	12,735	530	12,200	0
Work in CSD of residence	6,255	255	6,000	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	4,910	130	4,785	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	1,325	135	1,190	0
Work in a different province	240	0	225	0
Worked at home	720	65	660	0
Worked outside Canada	135	35	100	0
No fixed workplace address	1,595	70	1,515	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	14,325	600	13,720	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	12,770	545	12,220	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	575	10	565	0
Public transit	55	0	45	0
Walked	685	35	655	0
Bicycle	35	0	40	0
Other methods	200	0	195	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	18,185	835	17,335	0
English	1,420	410	1,000	0
French	15,575	315	15,260	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	1,180	110	1,060	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	18,185	840	17,335	0
None	10,205	405	9,785	0
English	7,065	230	6,830	0
French	910	195	715	0
Non-official language	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	27,835	1,335	26,470	35
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,385	285	8,095	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	7,155	485	6,660	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	12,290	565	11,715	0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	4,105	145	3,955	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	2,705	100	2,590	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	1,405	40	1,360	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,865	225	3,640	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	945	35	905	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,375	170	3,210	0
Bachelor's degree	2,310	110	2,200	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	395	20	375	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190	0	180	0
Master's degree	380	20	355	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	100	0	95	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	12,290	570	11,710	0
Education	1,090	50	1,040	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	175	0	170	0
Humanities	240	10	225	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	630	55	580	0
Business, management and public administration	2,560	95	2,470	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	180	15	160	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	255	0	245	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,140	140	2,990	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	490	35	460	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	2,480	110	2,370	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,035	55	985	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	20	0	20	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	12,290	565	11,710	0
Inside Canada	11,900	450	11,455	0
Newfoundland and Labrador	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Island	45	0	45	0
Nova Scotia	145	0	135	0
New Brunswick	9,610	330	9,270	0
Quebec	1,710	35	1,680	0
Ontario	335	50	290	0
Manitoba	10	0	10	0
Saskatchewan	0	0	0	0
Alberta	10	0	0	0
British Columbia	10	0	10	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	390	115	265	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	32,330	1,650	30,650	35
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	235	45	190	0
South Asian^Footnote 82	70	0	70	0
Chinese	0	0	0	0
Black	90	25	65	0
Filipino	15	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0	0
Arab	30	0	25	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	0	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	32,090	1,600	30,455	30
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	32,330	1,650	30,645	35
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	22,225	755	21,450	0
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	10,110	890	9,200	15
Canadian - Total responses	25,300	845	24,440	15
Canadian - Single responses	16,735	325	16,405	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	8,570	515	8,035	0
English- Total responses	960	440	515	0
English - Single responses	120	105	10	0
English - Multiple responses	840	335	500	0
French - Total responses	12,615	595	12,005	0
French - Single responses	4,000	85	3,915	0
French - Multiple responses	8,610	510	8,095	0
Scottish - Total responses	445	145	300	0
Scottish - Single responses	75	0	65	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	365	135	230	0
Irish - Total responses	1,405	310	1,100	0
Irish - Single responses	270	40	230	0
Irish - Multiple responses	1,135	265	870	0
German - Total responses	95	55	30	0
German - Single responses	0	0	0	0
German - Multiple responses	85	55	30	0
Italian - Total responses	240	40	195	0
Italian - Single responses	50	0	50	0
Italian - Multiple responses	190	40	150	0
Chinese - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	815	130	685	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	205	25	175	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	615	105	510	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	55	0	50	0
East Indian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	45	0	40	0
Dutch - Total responses	30	20	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	20	15	0	0
Polish- Total responses	0	0	0	0
Polish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	20	0	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	25	30	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	15	15	0	0
Russian- Total responses	0	0	0	0
Russian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Métis - Total responses	130	0	125	0
Métis - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	120	0	110	0
Portuguese - Total responses	45	0	40	0
Portuguese - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	40	0	0	0
American - Total responses	780	215	550	0
American - Single responses	120	70	50	0
American - Multiple responses	660	145	505	0
Spanish - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	27,835	1,335	26,465	35
Without income	890	55	835	0
With income	26,945	1,285	25,630	35
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	1,725	100	1,615	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	3,045	155	2,875	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	2,830	145	2,685	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	3,455	195	3,260	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	4,615	210	4,405	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	4,165	180	3,990	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	2,755	100	2,660	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,445	55	1,385	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	2,035	105	1,925	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	450	10	440	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	420	30	395	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	170	25	150	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	255	0	245	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 96	25,145	22,659	25,192	7,592
Average income $^Footnote 97	30,681	29,513	30,754	19,030
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	27,835	1,335	26,465	35
Without after-tax income	900	50	845	0
With after-tax income	26,935	1,280	25,620	35
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	1,800	100	1,695	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	3,040	165	2,870	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	2,955	160	2,790	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	3,840	205	3,640	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	5,740	280	5,460	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	4,620	125	4,500	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	2,155	90	2,050	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,590	95	1,495	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	780	35	755	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	190	25	165	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	225	0	220	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	23,054	20,752	23,171	7,592
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	26,685	25,990	26,731	17,903
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	27,835	1,335	26,470	35
With employment income	18,320	820	17,480	0
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	25,308	22,691	25,530	0
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	30,936	30,009	30,985	0
With wages and salaries	17,580	775	16,785	0
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	26,004	23,256	26,101	0
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	30,952	30,554	30,965	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	16,985	805	16,165	0
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	8,945	400	8,545	0
All others^Footnote 108	8,040	400	7,620	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.