Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Les Maskoutains
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 21.2 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	81,860	520	80,930	260
0 to 4 years	4,715	0	4,680	0
5 to 9 years	4,190	0	4,175	0
10 to 14 years	4,480	15	4,430	30
15 to 19 years	5,355	10	5,315	35
20 to 24 years	5,240	0	5,220	10
25 to 29 years	4,975	35	4,895	45
30 to 34 years	5,445	45	5,380	0
35 to 39 years	4,685	55	4,605	25
40 to 44 years	5,250	55	5,170	0
45 to 49 years	6,525	60	6,425	40
50 to 54 years	6,915	35	6,840	20
55 to 59 years	6,345	70	6,250	0
60 to 64 years	5,470	55	5,400	0
65 to 69 years	4,210	20	4,175	0
70 to 74 years	3,170	35	3,120	0
75 to 79 years	2,235	0	2,205	0
80 to 84 years	1,560	0	1,555	0
85 years and over	1,100	0	1,075	0
Median age^Footnote 3	41.9	48.2	41.8	31.5
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	68,475	505	67,640	225
Married or living with a common-law partner	40,575	275	40,100	155
Married (and not separated)	22,725	165	22,415	110
Living common law	17,850	105	17,685	40
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	27,895	230	27,540	75
Single (never legally married)	18,690	105	18,525	60
Separated	765	0	755	0
Divorced	5,180	95	5,055	0
Widowed	3,260	35	3,205	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	81,860	525	80,930	260
Single responses	81,635	505	80,730	245
English	520	470	50	0
French	79,170	0	79,170	0
Non-official languages	1,950	40	1,510	245
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	1,655	30	1,265	220
Arabic	280	0	250	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0
Creoles	40	0	40	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	40	0	35	0
Greek	40	0	0	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	0	40	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	130	0	70	55
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	35	0	20	0
Spanish	930	0	720	100
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	0	25	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	290	0	240	25
Multiple responses	220	10	195	15
English and French	80	0	70	0
English and non-official language	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	130	0	125	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	81,860	520	80,925	260
English only	100	100	0	0
French only	61,140	0	61,140	0
English and French	20,465	420	19,780	260
Neither English nor French	155	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	81,860	525	80,930	260
Single responses	81,540	520	80,630	240
English	240	190	50	0
French	80,065	300	79,770	0
Non-official languages	1,230	25	815	240
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	1,065	25	695	210
Arabic	115	0	85	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	0	0	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	0	0	55
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	750	0	555	95
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	165	0	120	25
Multiple responses	320	0	295	20
English and French	90	0	70	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	220	0	220	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	81,860	520	80,930	260
None	78,880	245	78,355	135
English	1,585	150	1,400	35
French	735	105	560	70
Non-official language	565	0	545	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	570	0	545	10
English and French	15	0	0	20
English and non-official language	70	0	60	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	3,670	70	3,195	245
Aboriginal languages	25	0	25	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,645	70	3,170	250
Italian	145	0	140	0
Portuguese	175	0	110	55
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	2,340	35	2,105	115
Dutch	30	0	20	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	140	0	130	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	0	15	0
Serbian	30	0	20	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	0	15	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	50	0	50	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	375	0	340	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	0	0	0
Lao	35	0	15	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	0	20	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	35	0	30	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	120	0	110	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	60	0	65	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	65	0	60	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	80,980	525	80,050	260
Non-movers	71,310	400	70,600	185
Movers	9,665	120	9,450	80
Non-migrants	5,225	70	5,130	20
Migrants	4,440	55	4,320	50
Internal migrants	4,265	30	4,170	50
Intraprovincial migrants	4,195	25	4,115	40
Interprovincial migrants	70	0	55	0
External migrants	175	20	145	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	77,145	520	76,245	255
Non-movers	48,845	240	48,495	80
Movers	28,305	280	27,755	180
Non-migrants	14,250	130	14,040	65
Migrants	14,055	145	13,710	115
Internal migrants	13,155	115	12,960	55
Intraprovincial migrants	12,910	110	12,725	55
Interprovincial migrants	245	0	240	0
External migrants	900	30	755	60
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	81,860	520	80,930	260
Canadian citizens	80,420	455	79,725	185
Canadian citizens only	79,930	435	79,315	145
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	490	0	410	40
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	1,440	60	1,205	75
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	81,860	525	80,930	260
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	79,115	420	78,630	50
Born in province of residence	78,255	290	77,900	45
Born outside province of residence	865	130	730	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	2,620	90	2,220	195
Americas	1,170	50	935	120
United States	125	25	100	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Haiti	60	0	60	0
Mexico	75	0	35	30
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0
Colombia	645	0	560	35
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	55	0	40	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	180	0	125	40
Europe	620	20	560	25
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	0	0	0	0
Italy	25	0	15	0
Germany	40	0	40	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Portugal	40	0	40	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0
France	275	0	280	0
Romania	30	0	25	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Greece	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
Croatia	25	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0
Serbia	0	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	125	0	120	0
Africa	560	0	525	0
Morocco	160	0	135	0
Algeria	110	0	110	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	260	0	245	0
Asia	270	20	200	40
India	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 24	65	0	50	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	30	0	20	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	0	25	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	45	0	30	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	0	25	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	0	0	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	0	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	120	0	75	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	985	25	825	50
Americas	515	0	405	40
United States	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	35	0	35	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	30	0	0	0
Colombia	350	0	295	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	40	0	25	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	0	40	0
Europe	70	0	65	0
France	50	0	50	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	10	0
Africa	305	0	280	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	80	0	75	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	90	0	75	0
Tunisia	35	0	30	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	45	0	40	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	0	60	0
Asia	95	0	70	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 35	15	0	10	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	15	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	45	0	30	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	81,860	520	80,925	260
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	79,120	420	78,630	50
Immigrants^Footnote 43	2,620	90	2,225	195
Before 1971	240	0	215	10
1971 to 1980	325	25	280	0
1981 to 1990	140	0	125	0
1991 to 2000	345	20	275	35
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	1,570	35	1,320	125
2001 to 2005	590	0	500	75
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	985	25	825	50
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	120	0	75	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	81,860	520	80,925	260
First generation^Footnote 48	2,810	105	2,365	210
Second generation^Footnote 49	2,205	125	2,010	40
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	76,850	290	76,550	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	81,860	520	80,925	265
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	520	0	520	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	330	0	335	0
Métis single identity	105	0	100	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	55	0	60	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	15	0	15	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	81,340	520	80,405	260
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	81,860	520	80,930	260
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	55	0	60	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	81,800	520	80,870	260
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	68,480	505	67,635	225
In the labour force	46,065	310	45,580	155
Employed	43,525	285	43,090	130
Unemployed	2,540	25	2,490	25
Not in the labour force	22,410	195	22,055	65
Participation rate	67.3	61.4	67.4	68.9
Employment rate	63.6	56.4	63.7	57.8
Unemployment rate	5.5	8.1	5.5	16.1
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	46,065	310	45,580	155
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	765	0	750	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	45,305	305	44,830	150
Employee	39,745	270	39,325	135
Self-employed	5,555	35	5,505	15
Self-employed (incorporated)	2,315	0	2,300	0
Without paid help	1,105	0	1,100	0
With paid help	1,210	0	1,200	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	3,085	25	3,050	0
Without paid help	2,220	20	2,195	0
With paid help	865	0	855	0
Unpaid family worker	155	0	155	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	46,065	315	45,580	155
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	765	0	750	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	45,300	305	44,830	150
0 Management occupations	4,435	25	4,385	25
00 Senior management occupations	630	0	625	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	760	0	750	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,355	0	1,325	20
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,705	0	1,690	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,665	80	6,570	20
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	895	0	880	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,475	45	2,425	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	540	0	535	0
14 Office support occupations	1,670	0	1,655	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,085	0	1,075	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,390	0	2,360	20
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	845	0	835	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,540	0	1,525	0
3 Health occupations	3,145	0	3,110	25
30 Professional occupations in nursing	635	0	630	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	375	0	350	25
32 Technical occupations in health	1,120	0	1,110	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,020	0	1,020	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,180	25	4,145	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,340	0	1,330	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	605	0	590	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,440	0	1,435	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	285	0	285	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	510	0	510	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	660	0	650	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	140	0	140	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	515	0	515	0
6 Sales and service occupations	10,495	60	10,390	30
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	875	0	870	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,700	0	1,700	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	2,210	0	2,165	20
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,995	30	1,970	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,165	0	1,155	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,550	0	2,530	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,700	60	7,630	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,355	30	2,325	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,820	0	1,805	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	800	0	795	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,285	15	2,265	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	440	0	435	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,350	0	1,340	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	115	0	120	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	930	0	920	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	305	0	305	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,280	20	4,245	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	430	0	430	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,305	0	1,290	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	630	0	625	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,915	0	1,895	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	46,065	315	45,580	155
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	765	0	750	0
All industries^Footnote 64	45,300	300	44,825	155
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,700	0	2,680	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	115	0	115	0
22 Utilities	465	0	470	0
23 Construction	3,030	35	2,990	0
31-33 Manufacturing	7,680	30	7,615	35
41 Wholesale trade	2,110	25	2,090	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,475	30	5,400	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,900	20	1,860	0
51 Information and cultural industries	410	0	410	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,850	20	1,825	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	605	0	600	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,160	15	2,135	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	0	35	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,440	0	1,425	0
61 Educational services	2,755	25	2,705	30
62 Health care and social assistance	5,120	0	5,100	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	460	0	460	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,825	25	2,780	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,425	0	2,400	0
91 Public administration	1,740	0	1,730	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	43,520	290	43,090	130
Usual place of work	36,740	235	36,380	105
Work in CSD of residence	19,605	125	19,420	55
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	8,090	35	8,030	30
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	8,975	75	8,870	20
Work in a different province	70	0	60	0
Worked at home	3,290	0	3,275	0
Worked outside Canada	35	0	30	0
No fixed workplace address	3,455	40	3,405	15
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	40,195	270	39,790	120
Car, truck or van - as a driver	34,180	240	33,840	95
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,425	0	1,410	0
Public transit	615	15	600	0
Walked	3,035	0	3,010	0
Bicycle	575	0	575	0
Other methods	360	0	350	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	48,765	335	48,240	170
English	495	70	395	30
French	47,530	250	47,150	125
Non-official language	70	0	40	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	65	0	40	0
English and French	640	0	620	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	20	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	48,765	335	48,235	170
None	41,950	185	41,665	90
English	6,175	115	6,005	55
French	365	40	305	0
Non-official language	185	0	180	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	185	0	180	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	85	0	80	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	68,475	505	67,640	225
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,750	150	19,485	35
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	15,450	125	15,265	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	33,270	230	32,880	150
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	12,630	90	12,535	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	9,410	70	9,335	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	3,220	15	3,200	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,040	70	10,945	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	2,630	0	2,605	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,975	60	6,800	105
Bachelor's degree	4,920	30	4,860	30
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	605	0	590	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	375	0	310	50
Master's degree	905	0	885	15
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	160	0	150	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	33,270	225	32,880	155
Education	2,600	0	2,585	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,050	0	1,045	0
Humanities	1,355	0	1,345	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,985	25	1,945	0
Business, management and public administration	7,100	50	7,030	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	870	25	850	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,085	0	1,065	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,235	55	7,165	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,240	10	2,210	20
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	4,700	30	4,605	65
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,035	0	3,020	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	33,270	230	32,885	155
Inside Canada	32,435	190	32,185	55
Newfoundland and Labrador	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	0	0	0	0
New Brunswick	15	0	20	0
Quebec	32,165	175	31,940	55
Ontario	175	15	160	0
Manitoba	0	0	0	0
Saskatchewan	0	0	0	0
Alberta	20	0	0	0
British Columbia	25	0	30	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	835	35	705	90
Total population in private households by visible minority	81,860	520	80,930	260
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	1,920	50	1,595	165
South Asian^Footnote 82	25	0	15	0
Chinese	120	0	100	0
Black	355	0	345	0
Filipino	0	0	0	0
Latin American	905	20	715	80
Arab	305	0	290	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	80	0	50	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	25	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	30	0	25	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	65	0	40	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	79,940	465	79,335	95
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	81,860	525	80,925	260
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	63,295	315	62,695	155
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	18,565	205	18,230	105
Canadian - Total responses	59,805	230	59,565	10
Canadian - Single responses	44,810	155	44,655	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	14,990	75	14,915	10
English- Total responses	950	130	815	0
English - Single responses	140	30	110	0
English - Multiple responses	815	105	710	0
French - Total responses	27,635	105	27,510	25
French - Single responses	12,450	0	12,435	0
French - Multiple responses	15,190	95	15,070	25
Scottish - Total responses	745	35	710	0
Scottish - Single responses	155	0	150	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	590	30	560	0
Irish - Total responses	2,495	75	2,420	0
Irish - Single responses	565	0	550	0
Irish - Multiple responses	1,930	60	1,875	0
German - Total responses	725	35	680	0
German - Single responses	140	0	130	0
German - Multiple responses	585	30	550	0
Italian - Total responses	670	25	600	55
Italian - Single responses	195	0	190	0
Italian - Multiple responses	480	25	410	50
Chinese - Total responses	135	0	115	0
Chinese - Single responses	95	0	75	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	35	0	35	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	2,220	0	2,225	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	350	0	350	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,870	0	1,870	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	80	10	70	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	20	0	20	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	55	10	45	0
East Indian - Total responses	20	0	20	0
East Indian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	155	0	140	0
Dutch - Single responses	35	0	30	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	120	0	105	0
Polish- Total responses	105	0	100	0
Polish - Single responses	15	0	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	90	0	90	0
Filipino - Total responses	20	0	15	0
Filipino - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	15	0	15	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	70	20	50	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	25	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	40	0	30	0
Russian- Total responses	30	0	25	0
Russian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	30	0	25	0
Welsh - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	30	0	25	0
Norwegian - Single responses	20	0	20	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Métis - Total responses	190	0	190	0
Métis - Single responses	35	0	35	0
Métis - Multiple responses	150	0	155	0
Portuguese - Total responses	230	0	170	0
Portuguese - Single responses	85	0	75	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	140	0	100	0
American - Total responses	500	25	470	0
American - Single responses	45	0	45	0
American - Multiple responses	455	25	425	0
Spanish - Total responses	385	0	325	50
Spanish - Single responses	130	0	115	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	255	0	210	40
Swedish - Total responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	0	0	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	30	0	35	0
Hungarian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	35	0	30	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	68,475	505	67,640	225
Without income	2,890	25	2,845	20
With income	65,590	485	64,790	200
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	3,970	45	3,890	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,590	20	4,540	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,835	40	6,705	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	7,460	65	7,340	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	11,640	80	11,530	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	11,750	115	11,590	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	7,540	60	7,465	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,535	20	4,515	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	4,550	25	4,525	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	1,385	0	1,360	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	1,330	0	1,320	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	635	0	630	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	695	0	690	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 96	28,703	29,622	28,751	19,052
Average income $^Footnote 97	33,283	31,144	33,352	26,738
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	68,475	505	67,635	225
Without after-tax income	2,895	25	2,850	20
With after-tax income	65,580	480	64,785	205
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	4,140	40	4,065	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,775	20	4,725	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,950	35	6,820	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	8,180	70	8,060	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	15,325	130	15,160	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	12,770	110	12,610	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	6,640	40	6,595	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	3,560	15	3,545	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	2,205	0	2,175	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	535	0	530	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	505	0	505	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	25,864	26,821	25,893	18,770
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	28,356	26,603	28,410	23,164
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	68,475	505	67,635	225
With employment income	47,840	325	47,320	160
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	28,467	30,328	28,479	17,168
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	32,202	33,048	32,240	24,573
With wages and salaries	44,440	305	43,955	145
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	29,048	30,302	29,061	17,215
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	32,199	33,267	32,230	26,344
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	46,065	310	45,580	155
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	25,225	195	24,955	70
All others^Footnote 108	20,840	115	20,620	85

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.