Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Roussillon^{Footnote 1}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 24.5 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 3	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	160,590	22,455	134,095	3,435
0 to 4 years	10,195	1,340	8,445	135
5 to 9 years	9,960	1,395	8,445	105
10 to 14 years	10,415	1,495	8,685	235
15 to 19 years	12,335	1,580	10,445	310
20 to 24 years	9,305	1,505	7,580	215
25 to 29 years	8,095	1,150	6,690	245
30 to 34 years	10,680	1,380	9,035	265
35 to 39 years	11,435	1,790	9,195	450
40 to 44 years	12,550	1,835	10,275	440
45 to 49 years	14,365	2,045	11,975	320
50 to 54 years	13,660	1,665	11,685	255
55 to 59 years	10,440	1,190	9,045	180
60 to 64 years	9,025	1,180	7,725	110
65 to 69 years	6,825	820	5,930	30
70 to 74 years	5,090	825	4,125	75
75 to 79 years	3,320	700	2,540	25
80 to 84 years	1,940	295	1,600	0
85 years and over	960	250	675	20
Median age^Footnote 4	39.1	39.0	39.2	37.5
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	130,015	18,225	108,520	2,960
Married or living with a common-law partner	81,040	11,155	67,695	2,005
Married (and not separated)	50,480	8,735	39,715	1,860
Living common law	30,555	2,420	27,980	145
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	48,980	7,070	40,820	955
Single (never legally married)	34,300	4,780	28,705	805
Separated	1,825	330	1,465	30
Divorced	7,730	1,175	6,445	90
Widowed	5,120	785	4,205	35
Total population in private households by mother tongue	160,585	22,460	134,095	3,435
Single responses	158,480	21,710	132,960	3,215
English	18,490	18,455	35	0
French	128,470	30	128,445	0
Non-official languages	11,520	3,220	4,480	3,215
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	10,435	3,035	3,920	2,975
Arabic	1,075	125	780	160
Bengali	55	15	0	20
Cantonese	190	40	90	55
Chinese, n.o.s.	520	205	90	160
Creoles	295	35	190	75
Dutch	135	130	0	0
German	285	195	65	20
Greek	435	280	20	105
Gujarati	25	25	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	155	90	30	25
Italian	1,145	630	315	160
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	0	25	25
Panjabi (Punjabi)	80	55	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	140	50	20	45
Polish	500	165	95	210
Portuguese	645	180	295	150
Romanian	910	65	280	520
Russian	825	160	240	370
Serbian	25	25	0	0
Spanish	2,430	330	1,240	725
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	70	0	0
Tamil	30	20	0	0
Ukrainian	55	25	0	0
Urdu	95	70	0	0
Vietnamese	225	30	100	80
Other languages^Footnote 8	1,080	180	560	240
Multiple responses	2,105	750	1,135	215
English and French	590	140	260	195
English and non-official language	590	590	0	0
French and non-official language	885	20	870	0
English, French and non-official language	35	0	0	25
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 9	160,585	22,455	134,095	3,435
English only	7,200	7,195	0	0
French only	67,255	0	67,260	0
English and French	85,500	15,240	66,825	3,430
Neither English nor French	635	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	160,585	22,460	134,090	3,435
Single responses	157,655	21,370	132,490	3,195
English	20,655	18,590	2,065	0
French	130,540	1,895	128,645	0
Non-official languages	6,450	885	1,780	3,190
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	5,895	825	1,595	2,975
Arabic	365	50	145	155
Bengali	45	15	0	20
Cantonese	110	0	50	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	530	180	100	185
Creoles	140	0	60	70
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	20	0	0	15
Greek	220	85	0	105
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	70	30	0	0
Italian	290	25	75	160
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	0	0	20
Panjabi (Punjabi)	50	25	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	130	30	0	70
Polish	335	65	45	200
Portuguese	275	30	95	135
Romanian	760	55	145	525
Russian	680	90	150	395
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,560	70	635	720
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	0	0	0
Urdu	60	0	0	0
Vietnamese	175	0	50	75
Other languages^Footnote 12	560	55	180	220
Multiple responses	2,935	1,085	1,605	240
English and French	750	225	315	215
English and non-official language	825	825	0	0
French and non-official language	1,300	0	1,285	0
English, French and non-official language	50	0	0	25
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	160,585	22,455	134,095	3,435
None	138,085	15,930	120,180	1,460
English	11,265	1,395	9,440	425
French	6,855	3,725	2,165	920
Non-official language	3,140	1,110	1,915	95
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,130	1,105	1,905	90
English and French	550	20	20	515
English and non-official language	395	20	360	0
French and non-official language	285	260	25	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 13	19,285	5,125	10,320	3,240
Aboriginal languages	30	25	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	20	20	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	19,260	5,100	10,320	3,235
Italian	2,290	1,175	865	215
Portuguese	950	265	500	165
Romanian	1,025	120	320	545
Spanish	6,430	865	4,625	805
Dutch	170	155	20	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	690	360	290	45
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	145	0	65	70
Croatian	55	0	25	0
Czech	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0
Polish	555	210	105	215
Russian	1,030	205	340	435
Serbian	35	20	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	70	65	0	0
Ukrainian	120	30	25	60
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	730	445	125	135
Armenian	30	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	205	100	55	40
Turkish	55	0	10	35
Berber languages (Kabyle)	55	0	60	0
Oromo	125	0	80	30
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	2,045	365	1,475	185
Hebrew	155	50	0	85
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	60	15	15	15
Gujarati	30	25	0	0
Hindi	115	50	20	30
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	130	85	0	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	0	0
Urdu	195	155	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	45	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	180	50	25	75
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	45	35	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	25	45	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	265	50	145	65
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	0	40	25
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	670	230	200	180
Lao	60	0	30	20
Thai	45	0	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	265	0	140	20
Vietnamese	285	45	135	80
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	135	125	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	20	0	0
Lingala	115	0	100	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	0	20	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	25	0	30	0
Swahili	35	0	30	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	25	0	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	110	45	70	0
African languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0
Creoles	760	95	595	75
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 16	400	0	350	25
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 17	158,730	22,215	132,625	3,380
Non-movers	143,465	19,930	120,255	2,850
Movers	15,260	2,285	12,365	530
Non-migrants	5,270	895	4,290	75
Migrants	9,990	1,395	8,080	450
Internal migrants	9,570	1,290	7,810	415
Intraprovincial migrants	9,320	1,220	7,680	375
Interprovincial migrants	245	70	130	45
External migrants	425	100	265	40
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 18	150,395	21,115	125,650	3,300
Non-movers	98,875	13,955	83,255	1,510
Movers	51,515	7,160	42,390	1,790
Non-migrants	18,375	2,810	15,155	370
Migrants	33,140	4,350	27,230	1,415
Internal migrants	31,445	4,065	26,145	1,180
Intraprovincial migrants	30,920	3,845	25,850	1,180
Interprovincial migrants	530	225	295	0
External migrants	1,700	280	1,090	230
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 19	160,590	22,455	134,090	3,430
Canadian citizens	157,570	21,575	132,610	2,905
Canadian citizens only	154,240	20,860	130,795	2,130
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,330	720	1,815	775
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 20	3,015	875	1,485	530
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 21	160,585	22,455	134,095	3,435
Non-immigrants^Footnote 22	146,390	17,855	127,600	680
Born in province of residence	142,190	16,020	125,255	645
Born outside province of residence	4,200	1,835	2,345	30
Immigrants^Footnote 23	13,800	4,410	6,330	2,740
Americas	3,730	1,605	1,435	635
United States	345	215	105	20
Jamaica	345	345	0	0
Guyana	130	130	0	0
Haiti	345	0	310	20
Mexico	295	70	120	100
Trinidad and Tobago	225	220	0	0
Colombia	155	0	90	50
El Salvador	165	30	40	80
Peru	285	0	215	50
Chile	230	20	165	45
Other places of birth in Americas	1,220	540	380	270
Europe	5,330	1,560	2,310	1,350
United Kingdom^Footnote 24	310	305	0	0
Italy	620	200	245	145
Germany	225	135	80	0
Poland	330	130	60	135
Portugal	450	110	215	110
Netherlands	105	100	0	0
France	920	0	905	0
Romania	775	65	205	495
Russian Federation	250	80	80	80
Greece	140	115	0	30
Ukraine	245	30	40	150
Croatia	0	0	0	0
Hungary	85	55	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	0	0	0
Serbia	25	0	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	25	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	805	195	435	170
Africa	2,315	335	1,755	220
Morocco	570	0	505	60
Algeria	410	0	370	45
Egypt	315	140	160	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	35	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	20	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	955	125	730	100
Asia	2,395	890	825	540
India	145	115	0	20
China^Footnote 25	525	210	155	145
Philippines	105	95	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	40	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 26	220	0	125	55
Pakistan	155	125	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	0	0	15
Iran^Footnote 27	130	40	15	50
Korea, South^Footnote 28	40	0	25	0
Lebanon	280	45	205	25
Taiwan	50	25	20	0
Iraq	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	40	15	0	0
Afghanistan	20	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	0	0
Turkey	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	575	130	225	150
Oceania and other^Footnote 29	25	20	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 30	25	20	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 31	395	190	160	20
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 32	1,825	350	1,065	310
Americas	555	70	310	145
United States	25	20	0	0
Mexico	85	15	45	25
Cuba	65	0	50	0
Haiti	30	0	25	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	55	0	35	20
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	95	0	70	20
Venezuela^Footnote 33	70	0	30	35
Other places of birth in Americas	100	0	55	30
Europe	490	70	285	100
France	135	0	140	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	60	0	35	20
Moldova^Footnote 34	65	0	35	30
Russian Federation	40	0	25	0
Ukraine	60	10	0	25
United Kingdom^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	90	30	35	0
Africa	420	65	305	50
Nigeria	35	30	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	35	0	35	0
Egypt	45	0	35	0
Morocco	115	0	115	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	30	0	25	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	145	15	90	40
Asia	345	135	160	25
Philippines	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 36	55	30	20	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 37	15	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 38	25	0	15	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	75	0	65	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	20	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	30	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 41	15	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 42	160,590	22,455	134,095	3,435
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	146,395	17,855	127,595	675
Immigrants^Footnote 44	13,800	4,410	6,335	2,740
Before 1971	2,360	1,445	670	210
1971 to 1980	1,775	655	955	165
1981 to 1990	1,840	610	750	400
1991 to 2000	3,305	810	1,645	755
2001 to 2011^Footnote 45	4,525	885	2,315	1,205
2001 to 2005	2,700	540	1,250	890
2006 to 2011^Footnote 46	1,825	350	1,065	315
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 47	390	195	165	20
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 48	160,585	22,455	134,095	3,435
First generation^Footnote 49	14,415	4,685	6,620	2,770
Second generation^Footnote 50	13,505	5,815	6,920	515
Third generation or more^Footnote 51	132,665	11,950	120,550	150
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	160,585	22,460	134,095	3,430
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 52	1,735	515	1,220	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 53	930	380	550	0
Métis single identity	700	45	655	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	75	75	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 54	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	158,850	21,945	132,880	3,430
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 56	160,585	22,455	134,095	3,435
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 57	495	305	190	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	160,090	22,155	133,905	3,430
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 58	130,020	18,225	108,515	2,965
In the labour force	91,465	12,045	77,010	2,350
Employed	86,570	11,080	73,300	2,140
Unemployed	4,895	970	3,715	210
Not in the labour force	38,555	6,180	31,505	610
Participation rate	70.3	66.1	71.0	79.3
Employment rate	66.6	60.8	67.5	72.2
Unemployment rate	5.4	8.1	4.8	8.9
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	91,465	12,045	77,010	2,350
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 59	1,520	380	1,055	85
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 60	89,940	11,665	75,955	2,265
Employee	82,235	10,745	69,445	1,995
Self-employed	7,710	915	6,510	270
Self-employed (incorporated)	2,995	430	2,425	130
Without paid help	1,320	165	1,065	80
With paid help	1,670	270	1,355	50
Self-employed (unincorporated)	4,565	480	3,955	125
Without paid help	3,535	385	3,060	85
With paid help	1,035	100	900	40
Unpaid family worker	145	0	125	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	91,465	12,045	77,010	2,350
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 61	1,520	380	1,050	80
All occupations^Footnote 62	89,945	11,665	75,955	2,265
0 Management occupations	10,510	1,465	8,745	290
00 Senior management occupations	1,620	145	1,460	15
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	3,925	550	3,245	130
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	3,230	445	2,660	130
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,735	320	1,390	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	17,430	2,460	14,550	420
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	3,320	345	2,850	125
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	6,285	825	5,305	150
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,085	205	870	0
14 Office support occupations	4,475	800	3,560	115
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	2,275	280	1,970	25
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	6,680	940	5,385	355
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	3,550	505	2,840	200
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	3,130	435	2,545	150
3 Health occupations	5,685	635	4,925	125
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,585	235	1,305	35
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	930	45	865	20
32 Technical occupations in health	1,785	160	1,580	50
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	1,380	190	1,180	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	9,065	1,020	7,860	180
40 Professional occupations in education services	3,365	415	2,905	45
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,240	110	1,075	55
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	2,420	230	2,120	70
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,075	95	980	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	965	170	780	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,020	270	1,710	30
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	530	75	450	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,490	195	1,260	30
6 Sales and service occupations	20,300	2,705	17,080	510
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	2,110	225	1,830	60
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	2,345	275	1,980	85
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	4,600	590	3,925	90
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	4,505	735	3,640	135
66 Sales support occupations	3,200	340	2,835	25
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	3,540	540	2,875	130
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	13,600	1,600	11,770	225
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	4,305	475	3,770	60
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	3,125	415	2,665	40
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,520	240	1,260	20
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	3,835	410	3,320	100
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	820	55	750	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	550	70	460	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	90	0	65	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	135	0	135	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	315	55	265	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,105	505	3,470	110
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	515	40	440	35
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	1,540	205	1,295	35
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	920	130	755	30
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,130	135	980	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 63	91,460	12,045	77,010	2,345
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 64	1,520	380	1,055	85
All industries^Footnote 65	89,940	11,665	75,955	2,265
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	610	35	575	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	125	20	100	0
22 Utilities	935	25	895	0
23 Construction	5,585	565	4,920	100
31-33 Manufacturing	11,060	1,410	9,330	295
41 Wholesale trade	4,715	800	3,825	85
44-45 Retail trade	11,570	1,075	10,280	205
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	5,610	1,075	4,375	150
51 Information and cultural industries	2,440	285	2,075	65
52 Finance and insurance	5,285	825	4,295	170
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,540	205	1,275	60
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	6,155	945	4,940	275
55 Management of companies and enterprises	95	15	80	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,260	560	2,595	105
61 Educational services	6,095	990	5,010	100
62 Health care and social assistance	9,940	1,110	8,595	220
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,325	120	1,175	25
72 Accommodation and food services	4,425	655	3,545	220
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,820	575	3,155	90
91 Public administration	5,355	370	4,910	75
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 66	86,570	11,080	73,300	2,140
Usual place of work	74,510	9,475	63,185	1,800
Work in CSD of residence	12,115	1,470	10,390	235
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	12,915	760	12,010	145
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	49,270	7,195	40,630	1,420
Work in a different province	210	45	155	0
Worked at home	4,200	495	3,540	165
Worked outside Canada	115	45	70	0
No fixed workplace address	7,745	1,065	6,500	175
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 67	82,255	10,540	69,685	1,975
Car, truck or van - as a driver	66,720	7,955	57,365	1,345
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	3,660	585	2,970	100
Public transit	9,100	1,715	6,935	450
Walked	1,825	200	1,565	55
Bicycle	430	25	400	0
Other methods	525	55	445	30
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 68	96,495	12,630	81,380	2,410
English	11,135	6,885	3,685	550
French	77,370	3,460	72,710	1,160
Non-official language	170	60	85	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	170	60	85	0
English and French	7,590	2,155	4,800	635
English and non-official language	40	35	0	0
French and non-official language	65	0	40	0
English, French and non-official language	115	30	60	40
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 69	96,490	12,630	81,380	2,410
None	59,435	6,920	51,090	1,355
English	30,070	2,355	27,085	635
French	6,170	3,110	2,790	265
Non-official language	610	220	295	95
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	605	215	290	90
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	140	0	95	40
French and non-official language	65	20	20	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 70	130,015	18,225	108,520	2,960
No certificate, diploma or degree	25,215	3,210	21,485	335
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 71	32,620	5,305	26,670	615
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 72	72,190	9,715	60,360	2,015
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 73	21,550	2,465	18,715	345
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 74	15,045	1,655	13,175	200
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 75	6,505	815	5,535	145
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	23,105	3,665	18,940	465
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 76	6,185	755	5,235	185
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	21,350	2,830	17,475	1,020
Bachelor's degree	15,080	1,870	12,615	575
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,375	400	1,790	180
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	375	65	290	25
Master's degree	3,210	405	2,590	220
Earned doctorate^Footnote 77	305	100	190	20
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 78	72,190	9,715	60,355	2,015
Education	5,055	520	4,470	65
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,280	385	1,860	15
Humanities	3,110	480	2,570	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,805	1,030	4,525	255
Business, management and public administration	18,230	2,550	15,195	465
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,870	275	1,535	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,535	495	2,855	175
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	17,035	2,195	14,225	585
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	730	75	635	15
Health and related fields^Footnote 79	8,980	1,145	7,605	215
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,540	570	4,865	100
Other fields of study^Footnote 80	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 81	72,190	9,715	60,360	2,020
Inside Canada	67,520	8,400	58,140	950
Newfoundland and Labrador	25	25	0	0
Prince Edward Island	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	70	45	25	0
New Brunswick	240	70	165	0
Quebec	66,130	7,870	57,320	915
Ontario	805	225	550	35
Manitoba	40	25	20	0
Saskatchewan	45	25	20	0
Alberta	80	55	30	0
British Columbia	55	50	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	4,665	1,315	2,215	1,065
Total population in private households by visible minority	160,585	22,460	134,095	3,430
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	11,935	4,645	5,555	1,395
South Asian^Footnote 83	825	650	75	65
Chinese	1,260	370	570	265
Black	4,355	2,500	1,735	125
Filipino	185	180	0	0
Latin American	2,145	355	1,170	535
Arab	1,585	160	1,300	100
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	625	70	350	105
West Asian^Footnote 85	270	50	80	115
Korean	45	0	30	0
Japanese	55	15	15	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	195	90	105	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	400	205	130	60
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	148,650	17,815	128,535	2,040
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 89	160,585	22,455	134,095	3,435
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 90	109,445	10,800	95,585	2,615
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 91	51,140	11,650	38,510	815
Canadian - Total responses	102,140	6,610	95,400	105
Canadian - Single responses	69,140	2,450	66,655	20
Canadian - Multiple responses	33,005	4,165	28,740	85
English- Total responses	7,520	4,980	2,465	70
English - Single responses	1,045	805	245	0
English - Multiple responses	6,475	4,180	2,220	75
French - Total responses	48,425	4,000	44,210	205
French - Single responses	15,325	260	15,050	15
French - Multiple responses	33,100	3,735	29,160	190
Scottish - Total responses	6,405	3,675	2,700	30
Scottish - Single responses	640	265	370	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	5,770	3,410	2,325	25
Irish - Total responses	12,905	5,005	7,845	55
Irish - Single responses	2,530	730	1,790	0
Irish - Multiple responses	10,375	4,275	6,060	35
German - Total responses	3,170	1,270	1,820	80
German - Single responses	685	250	420	0
German - Multiple responses	2,485	1,020	1,400	60
Italian - Total responses	6,835	2,405	4,135	240
Italian - Single responses	2,400	1,085	1,130	145
Italian - Multiple responses	4,440	1,325	3,005	95
Chinese - Total responses	1,470	405	690	285
Chinese - Single responses	1,100	315	475	260
Chinese - Multiple responses	370	95	215	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	4,170	735	3,415	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	670	115	555	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	3,505	620	2,865	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	965	455	350	130
Ukrainian - Single responses	310	150	110	45
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	655	305	240	85
East Indian - Total responses	875	585	185	95
East Indian - Single responses	390	265	100	15
East Indian - Multiple responses	485	315	85	80
Dutch - Total responses	625	435	160	0
Dutch - Single responses	195	160	35	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	430	275	125	0
Polish- Total responses	1,590	685	635	240
Polish - Single responses	605	220	155	205
Polish - Multiple responses	985	465	485	30
Filipino - Total responses	195	180	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	105	100	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	85	80	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 92	1,035	895	90	40
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 93	215	210	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 94	815	685	85	40
Russian- Total responses	1,015	365	305	310
Russian - Single responses	375	120	130	115
Russian - Multiple responses	640	250	175	190
Welsh - Total responses	200	185	15	0
Welsh - Single responses	15	15	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	190	170	20	0
Norwegian - Total responses	110	70	40	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	90	65	30	0
Métis - Total responses	755	50	705	0
Métis - Single responses	230	0	225	0
Métis - Multiple responses	520	40	485	0
Portuguese - Total responses	1,505	490	830	160
Portuguese - Single responses	835	265	415	140
Portuguese - Multiple responses	675	225	415	20
American - Total responses	785	270	510	0
American - Single responses	70	25	45	0
American - Multiple responses	715	245	470	0
Spanish - Total responses	1,710	460	1,015	185
Spanish - Single responses	315	45	200	55
Spanish - Multiple responses	1,395	410	815	135
Swedish - Total responses	180	145	40	0
Swedish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	180	135	45	0
Hungarian - Total responses	480	270	135	70
Hungarian - Single responses	175	105	30	35
Hungarian - Multiple responses	305	165	105	35
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 95	130,020	18,225	108,515	2,960
Without income	6,845	1,205	5,430	185
With income	123,170	17,020	103,090	2,770
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	9,680	1,795	7,520	310
$5,000 to $9,999	8,060	1,230	6,565	205
$10,000 to $14,999	10,385	1,555	8,555	220
$15,000 to $19,999	10,425	1,610	8,490	295
$20,000 to $29,999	15,735	2,355	12,935	390
$30,000 to $39,999	16,750	2,385	13,995	360
$40,000 to $49,999	14,725	1,935	12,450	340
$50,000 to $59,999	11,545	1,320	9,970	240
$60,000 to $79,999	14,520	1,595	12,675	240
$80,000 to $99,999	5,900	605	5,195	110
$100,000 and over	5,450	635	4,735	75
$100,000 to $124,999	2,905	305	2,540	60
$125,000 and over	2,545	330	2,195	15
Median income $^Footnote 97	34,428	29,917	35,448	29,469
Average income $^Footnote 98	40,879	36,244	41,889	34,241
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 99	130,020	18,225	108,515	2,960
Without after-tax income	6,975	1,220	5,535	190
With after-tax income	123,040	17,005	102,980	2,770
Under $5,000^Footnote 100	9,855	1,805	7,685	310
$5,000 to $9,999	8,385	1,260	6,870	195
$10,000 to $14,999	10,555	1,600	8,665	240
$15,000 to $19,999	11,770	1,795	9,630	315
$20,000 to $29,999	19,865	2,850	16,500	460
$30,000 to $39,999	21,605	3,010	18,085	505
$40,000 to $49,999	16,920	2,095	14,480	340
$50,000 to $59,999	11,235	1,215	9,780	230
$60,000 to $79,999	8,655	845	7,700	115
$80,000 to $99,999	2,270	330	1,900	45
$100,000 and over	1,920	210	1,695	0
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 101	30,507	26,985	31,187	26,707
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 102	33,564	30,305	34,271	29,144
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 103	130,020	18,225	108,515	2,960
With employment income	95,015	12,115	80,525	2,320
Median employment income $^Footnote 104	35,605	32,817	36,208	31,093
Average employment income $^Footnote 105	41,365	38,458	42,018	34,415
With wages and salaries	90,380	11,480	76,690	2,150
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	36,494	34,248	37,058	32,830
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 107	41,663	39,184	42,212	35,890
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	91,460	12,045	77,010	2,350
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 108	50,940	6,820	42,790	1,295
All others^Footnote 109	40,525	5,230	34,220	1,050

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 4

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 10

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 12

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 14

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 19

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 20

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 21

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 22

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 23

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 24

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 25

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 26

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 27

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 28

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 29

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 31

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 32

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 33

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 34

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 35

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 36

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 37

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 38

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 39

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 40

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 41

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 42

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 43

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 44

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 47

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 48

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 49

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 50

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 51

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 55

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 56

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 57

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 58

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 59

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 60

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 61

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 62

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 63

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 64

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 65

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 66

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 67

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 68

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 70

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 71

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 72

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 74

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 75

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 76

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 77

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 78

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 79

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 80

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 81

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 90

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 91

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 95

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

For population with income.

Footnote 99

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 100

Including loss.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 103

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with employment income.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 108

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 109

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.