Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Whitby, T
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 24.7 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	120,290	117,430	1,935	300
0 to 4 years	7,680	7,475	35	0
5 to 9 years	8,610	8,450	120	30
10 to 14 years	8,970	8,835	100	45
15 to 19 years	9,690	9,520	110	55
20 to 24 years	7,500	7,410	75	20
25 to 29 years	6,265	6,185	65	20
30 to 34 years	7,345	7,215	100	25
35 to 39 years	9,175	8,950	190	25
40 to 44 years	10,110	9,870	200	20
45 to 49 years	11,250	10,970	250	0
50 to 54 years	9,385	9,140	195	0
55 to 59 years	7,230	7,015	150	0
60 to 64 years	5,915	5,700	150	0
65 to 69 years	3,740	3,555	115	0
70 to 74 years	2,880	2,760	40	0
75 to 79 years	2,250	2,190	0	0
80 to 84 years	1,340	1,290	15	0
85 years and over	950	910	0	0
Median age^Footnote 3	37.2	37.0	44.5	22.8
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	95,030	92,675	1,680	220
Married or living with a common-law partner	58,750	57,125	1,225	120
Married (and not separated)	52,240	50,830	1,020	115
Living common law	6,510	6,295	200	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	36,280	35,555	460	100
Single (never legally married)	25,120	24,750	270	95
Separated	2,845	2,785	55	0
Divorced	4,815	4,695	80	0
Widowed	3,500	3,320	55	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	120,290	117,425	1,940	305
Single responses	118,725	115,910	1,895	300
English	101,150	101,150	0	0
French	1,950	95	1,850	0
Non-official languages	15,625	14,660	45	305
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	13,370	12,465	40	260
Arabic	510	485	0	0
Bengali	150	135	0	0
Cantonese	500	410	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	550	475	0	0
Creoles	65	0	20	35
Dutch	555	560	0	0
German	665	665	0	0
Greek	500	490	0	0
Gujarati	275	265	0	0
Hindi	265	255	0	0
Hungarian	300	290	0	0
Italian	1,720	1,685	0	0
Korean	315	285	0	0
Mandarin	405	345	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	255	220	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	665	560	0	0
Polish	870	845	0	0
Portuguese	550	500	0	20
Romanian	350	290	0	40
Russian	215	190	0	0
Serbian	195	160	0	0
Spanish	1,040	920	0	80
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	975	970	0	0
Tamil	400	395	0	0
Ukrainian	155	150	0	0
Urdu	790	780	0	0
Vietnamese	150	130	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	2,260	2,190	0	40
Multiple responses	1,565	1,515	45	0
English and French	95	90	0	0
English and non-official language	1,415	1,415	0	0
French and non-official language	45	0	35	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	120,290	117,430	1,935	300
English only	110,290	110,290	0	0
French only	45	0	45	0
English and French	9,320	7,125	1,895	305
Neither English nor French	635	15	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	120,285	117,430	1,940	305
Single responses	117,815	114,980	1,925	285
English	110,985	109,900	1,090	0
French	905	75	830	0
Non-official languages	5,920	5,005	0	285
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	5,455	4,585	0	260
Arabic	90	75	0	0
Bengali	40	25	0	0
Cantonese	330	240	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	405	330	0	0
Creoles	40	0	0	35
Dutch	30	30	0	0
German	20	20	0	0
Greek	145	145	0	0
Gujarati	160	155	0	0
Hindi	125	120	0	0
Hungarian	80	80	0	0
Italian	255	220	0	0
Korean	215	190	0	0
Mandarin	345	280	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	160	120	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	380	270	0	0
Polish	395	375	0	0
Portuguese	135	90	0	20
Romanian	180	115	0	40
Russian	105	80	0	0
Serbian	115	85	0	0
Spanish	405	285	0	85
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	190	190	0	0
Tamil	345	335	0	0
Ukrainian	25	20	0	0
Urdu	635	625	0	0
Vietnamese	105	85	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	465	420	0	25
Multiple responses	2,475	2,450	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,425	2,425	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	120,290	117,430	1,940	300
None	109,930	108,210	995	130
English	3,400	2,850	445	90
French	1,380	915	420	45
Non-official language	5,385	5,335	50	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,380	5,330	50	0
English and French	45	0	0	35
English and non-official language	45	30	15	0
French and non-official language	95	75	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	20,305	19,190	195	300
Aboriginal languages	40	40	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	15	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20,265	19,150	190	305
Italian	2,270	2,210	15	15
Portuguese	775	710	30	20
Romanian	375	315	0	40
Spanish	1,920	1,740	50	95
Dutch	695	695	0	0
Flemish	45	45	0	0
German	1,085	1,070	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	35	35	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	75	70	0	0
Afrikaans	185	180	0	0
Gaelic languages	65	60	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	65	70	0	0
Croatian	220	195	0	0
Czech	60	60	0	0
Macedonian	435	410	0	0
Polish	1,035	1,010	0	0
Russian	325	290	0	0
Serbian	225	195	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	75	75	0	0
Slovenian	145	140	0	0
Ukrainian	220	215	0	0
Latvian	25	20	0	0
Lithuanian	65	60	0	0
Greek	855	845	0	0
Armenian	40	30	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	50	50	0	0
Finnish	55	60	0	0
Hungarian	310	295	0	0
Turkish	85	85	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	45	40	0	0
Arabic	785	730	30	0
Hebrew	20	20	0	0
Maltese	160	160	0	0
Tigrigna	20	20	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	225	205	0	0
Gujarati	475	460	0	0
Hindi	935	900	0	0
Konkani	20	20	0	0
Marathi	65	65	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	560	510	0	0
Sindhi	95	85	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	150	150	0	0
Urdu	1,215	1,205	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	25	0	0
Pashto	60	60	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	805	700	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	25	0	0
Kannada	55	55	0	0
Malayalam	50	40	0	0
Tamil	505	490	0	0
Telugu	75	75	0	0
Japanese	95	95	0	0
Korean	335	305	0	0
Cantonese	600	495	0	0
Fukien	15	15	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	560	495	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	570	500	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	95	95	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	150	125	0	0
Bisayan languages	85	90	0	0
Ilocano	20	20	0	0
Malay	45	45	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	1,260	1,260	0	0
Akan (Twi)	65	70	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	25	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	115	90	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	40	30	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	115	115	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0
Creoles	110	40	35	40
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	285	285	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	118,790	115,980	1,935	305
Non-movers	107,700	105,230	1,710	285
Movers	11,085	10,745	225	15
Non-migrants	4,865	4,745	90	0
Migrants	6,220	6,005	140	15
Internal migrants	5,735	5,565	140	10
Intraprovincial migrants	5,380	5,265	80	10
Interprovincial migrants	355	300	60	0
External migrants	485	440	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	112,615	109,955	1,900	300
Non-movers	73,775	72,150	1,200	180
Movers	38,835	37,805	700	120
Non-migrants	15,915	15,630	205	25
Migrants	22,925	22,175	495	95
Internal migrants	20,805	20,185	465	80
Intraprovincial migrants	19,610	19,105	365	65
Interprovincial migrants	1,195	1,080	95	15
External migrants	2,120	1,990	30	10
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	120,290	117,425	1,940	300
Canadian citizens	116,270	113,640	1,890	285
Canadian citizens only	112,715	110,250	1,865	205
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,565	3,390	30	75
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	4,015	3,785	45	20
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	120,290	117,425	1,935	300
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	94,640	92,715	1,645	110
Born in province of residence	84,960	83,875	820	95
Born outside province of residence	9,680	8,840	830	15
Immigrants^Footnote 22	25,160	24,235	290	195
Americas	6,005	5,850	55	75
United States	715	695	20	0
Jamaica	1,870	1,870	0	0
Guyana	855	855	0	0
Haiti	50	0	30	0
Mexico	135	115	0	20
Trinidad and Tobago	930	930	0	0
Colombia	150	135	0	15
El Salvador	60	60	0	0
Peru	80	75	0	0
Chile	65	55	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,090	1,050	0	20
Europe	10,730	10,495	60	65
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	4,890	4,885	0	0
Italy	1,030	995	0	0
Germany	535	535	0	0
Poland	665	640	0	0
Portugal	370	350	0	0
Netherlands	510	515	0	0
France	60	35	25	0
Romania	370	315	0	30
Russian Federation	215	200	0	0
Greece	350	345	0	0
Ukraine	50	50	0	0
Croatia	110	115	0	0
Hungary	165	165	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	25	0	0
Serbia	125	125	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	280	285	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	970	925	25	0
Africa	1,525	1,315	160	45
Morocco	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	220	215	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	235	235	0	0
Nigeria	275	275	0	0
Ethiopia	50	50	0	0
Kenya	140	140	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	585	400	140	45
Asia	6,800	6,475	0	0
India	1,190	1,145	0	0
China^Footnote 24	825	715	0	0
Philippines	1,290	1,290	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	340	280	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	150	125	0	0
Pakistan	750	750	0	0
Sri Lanka	460	460	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	230	230	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	290	280	0	0
Lebanon	125	105	0	0
Taiwan	15	20	0	0
Iraq	60	60	0	0
Bangladesh	110	100	0	0
Afghanistan	335	295	0	0
Japan	15	15	0	0
Turkey	45	45	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	560	550	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	95	95	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	80	80	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	485	480	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	2,105	1,945	20	40
Americas	475	450	0	0
United States	170	165	0	0
Mexico	20	20	0	0
Cuba	25	25	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	115	110	0	0
Brazil	55	45	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	20	20	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	50	0	0
Europe	335	295	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	25	30	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	195	195	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	55	50	0	0
Africa	330	300	0	25
Nigeria	170	170	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	25	0	0	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	45	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	55	0	0
Asia	965	905	0	0
Philippines	175	180	0	0
China^Footnote 35	135	90	0	0
India	230	225	0	0
Pakistan	85	85	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	25	30	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	25	30	0	0
Sri Lanka	45	40	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	20	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	25	25	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	80	80	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	75	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	120,290	117,430	1,935	300
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	94,640	92,715	1,650	110
Immigrants^Footnote 43	25,160	24,235	290	195
Before 1971	6,835	6,755	40	0
1971 to 1980	4,540	4,445	40	0
1981 to 1990	4,125	4,020	25	25
1991 to 2000	4,915	4,625	55	60
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	4,750	4,380	130	90
2001 to 2005	2,645	2,435	105	55
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	2,105	1,945	25	40
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	490	480	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	120,285	117,425	1,935	305
First generation^Footnote 48	25,925	24,985	290	195
Second generation^Footnote 49	31,520	31,100	145	105
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	62,845	61,340	1,505	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	120,285	117,430	1,935	300
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	1,485	1,405	75	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	900	875	25	0
Métis single identity	450	410	45	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	100	100	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	30	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	118,800	116,020	1,860	305
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	120,285	117,425	1,940	300
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	460	445	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	119,830	116,980	1,930	300
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	95,030	92,675	1,680	220
In the labour force	68,575	67,090	1,230	175
Employed	63,540	62,145	1,170	155
Unemployed	5,035	4,945	65	0
Not in the labour force	26,455	25,590	450	50
Participation rate	72.2	72.4	73.2	79.5
Employment rate	66.9	67.1	69.6	70.5
Unemployment rate	7.3	7.4	5.3	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	68,575	67,090	1,230	170
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	1,630	1,595	15	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	66,945	65,490	1,210	155
Employee	61,105	59,815	1,095	140
Self-employed	5,840	5,680	110	20
Self-employed (incorporated)	2,000	1,925	55	0
Without paid help	715	685	0	0
With paid help	1,280	1,230	45	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	3,720	3,645	50	0
Without paid help	2,710	2,670	25	0
With paid help	1,010	970	25	0
Unpaid family worker	120	115	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	68,580	67,085	1,230	175
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	1,630	1,595	20	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	66,950	65,490	1,210	160
0 Management occupations	9,735	9,565	165	0
00 Senior management occupations	915	905	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	4,270	4,180	85	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,805	2,760	35	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,745	1,715	35	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,370	12,105	220	35
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,830	2,790	30	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	4,150	4,030	90	15
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	725	720	0	0
14 Office support occupations	3,280	3,190	80	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,385	1,365	20	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,155	4,990	130	35
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,855	2,755	65	30
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,300	2,230	65	0
3 Health occupations	3,275	3,205	75	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,190	1,170	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	630	620	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	990	955	35	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	470	465	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	9,525	9,250	250	25
40 Professional occupations in education services	3,630	3,455	160	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,710	1,670	35	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,550	1,525	15	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	1,535	1,520	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,105	1,075	20	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,985	1,930	50	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	655	620	30	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,330	1,315	20	0
6 Sales and service occupations	14,810	14,525	205	45
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	2,260	2,220	35	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,580	1,525	50	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	3,580	3,505	45	20
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,895	2,835	35	0
66 Sales support occupations	2,150	2,130	15	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,345	2,315	30	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,025	6,935	80	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,495	2,450	45	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,640	1,595	25	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	880	870	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,495	1,495	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	520	520	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	780	760	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	155	155	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	130	130	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	495	475	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,275	2,240	30	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	770	750	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	525	525	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	720	705	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	265	260	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	68,575	67,090	1,230	170
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	1,630	1,595	15	0
All industries^Footnote 64	66,945	65,490	1,210	160
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	265	260	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	90	85	0	0
22 Utilities	2,235	2,215	25	0
23 Construction	3,815	3,740	65	0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,460	5,355	90	0
41 Wholesale trade	3,510	3,410	95	0
44-45 Retail trade	7,755	7,625	90	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,620	2,585	30	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,535	2,480	50	0
52 Finance and insurance	4,890	4,780	95	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,565	1,550	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,365	5,255	80	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	20	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,750	2,695	45	0
61 Educational services	5,855	5,625	215	0
62 Health care and social assistance	6,255	6,135	95	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,390	1,335	40	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,330	3,255	55	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,475	2,435	20	0
91 Public administration	4,765	4,655	105	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	63,545	62,145	1,170	155
Usual place of work	52,485	51,295	990	140
Work in CSD of residence	13,595	13,235	310	35
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	15,785	15,410	315	30
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	22,985	22,530	370	75
Work in a different province	120	120	0	0
Worked at home	4,565	4,460	85	15
Worked outside Canada	130	130	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,355	6,250	90	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	58,845	57,550	1,085	140
Car, truck or van - as a driver	46,770	45,775	860	80
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	3,140	3,055	65	0
Public transit	6,695	6,530	115	40
Walked	1,415	1,380	30	0
Bicycle	240	235	0	0
Other methods	590	570	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	71,655	70,080	1,315	180
English	70,640	69,440	1,000	155
French	385	160	210	0
Non-official language	125	90	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	130	90	0	0
English and French	280	170	105	0
English and non-official language	205	205	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	71,655	70,080	1,320	175
None	69,775	68,720	835	140
English	310	160	140	0
French	940	575	345	20
Non-official language	600	590	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	600	590	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	30	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	95,030	92,680	1,680	220
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,670	13,265	170	25
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	26,110	25,585	325	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	55,250	53,825	1,185	160
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	5,695	5,535	160	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	2,850	2,770	80	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	2,850	2,765	80	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	24,060	23,590	420	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	3,650	3,520	100	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	21,840	21,185	505	105
Bachelor's degree	14,650	14,230	345	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,920	2,815	55	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	315	315	0	0
Master's degree	3,615	3,500	90	20
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	340	325	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	55,250	53,825	1,185	155
Education	4,220	4,070	140	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,305	2,245	50	0
Humanities	2,820	2,755	50	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,055	6,920	110	20
Business, management and public administration	13,210	12,865	305	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,090	2,065	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,665	2,580	70	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,005	9,710	195	75
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	610	600	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	7,065	6,845	210	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,200	3,165	30	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	55,245	53,830	1,185	160
Inside Canada	47,495	46,305	1,085	85
Newfoundland and Labrador	340	335	0	0
Prince Edward Island	80	80	0	0
Nova Scotia	630	625	0	0
New Brunswick	230	200	25	0
Quebec	1,100	825	260	15
Ontario	44,130	43,285	765	70
Manitoba	220	215	0	0
Saskatchewan	110	105	0	0
Alberta	290	295	0	0
British Columbia	355	340	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	7,755	7,520	105	70
Total population in private households by visible minority	120,290	117,430	1,935	300
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	23,125	22,290	250	175
South Asian^Footnote 82	5,695	5,570	0	55
Chinese	2,290	2,090	0	0
Black	7,445	7,230	180	25
Filipino	2,250	2,255	0	0
Latin American	1,000	900	0	80
Arab	760	720	30	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	340	315	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	630	585	0	0
Korean	410	380	0	0
Japanese	275	270	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	850	845	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	1,180	1,135	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	97,165	95,135	1,680	125
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	120,290	117,425	1,940	305
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	56,230	54,545	940	185
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	64,060	62,885	995	120
Canadian - Total responses	34,295	33,335	935	0
Canadian - Single responses	12,585	12,285	295	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	21,710	21,050	645	0
English- Total responses	38,055	37,900	150	0
English - Single responses	7,880	7,880	0	0
English - Multiple responses	30,170	30,020	155	0
French - Total responses	11,255	9,955	1,250	55
French - Single responses	870	475	395	0
French - Multiple responses	10,385	9,480	860	45
Scottish - Total responses	27,515	27,410	100	0
Scottish - Single responses	3,255	3,250	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	24,255	24,160	95	0
Irish - Total responses	27,090	26,920	170	0
Irish - Single responses	2,765	2,755	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	24,325	24,165	160	0
German - Total responses	10,325	10,285	20	15
German - Single responses	1,130	1,130	0	0
German - Multiple responses	9,195	9,160	20	20
Italian - Total responses	9,045	8,950	45	0
Italian - Single responses	3,415	3,365	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	5,630	5,580	35	0
Chinese - Total responses	3,290	3,050	20	0
Chinese - Single responses	1,920	1,690	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	1,365	1,360	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	2,120	2,030	90	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	165	155	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,955	1,875	85	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	3,745	3,735	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	415	410	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	3,330	3,325	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	4,670	4,575	0	55
East Indian - Single responses	2,815	2,745	0	30
East Indian - Multiple responses	1,855	1,830	0	25
Dutch - Total responses	5,170	5,160	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	1,245	1,245	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	3,930	3,915	0	0
Polish- Total responses	4,740	4,675	35	15
Polish - Single responses	1,255	1,230	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	3,485	3,445	30	0
Filipino - Total responses	2,435	2,430	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	1,230	1,230	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	1,205	1,205	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	4,030	4,030	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	955	955	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	3,075	3,080	0	0
Russian- Total responses	1,085	1,060	0	0
Russian - Single responses	225	210	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	855	850	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	2,905	2,880	25	0
Welsh - Single responses	185	185	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	2,720	2,695	25	0
Norwegian - Total responses	595	590	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	580	580	0	0
Métis - Total responses	680	625	55	0
Métis - Single responses	50	45	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	630	580	50	0
Portuguese - Total responses	2,465	2,385	40	20
Portuguese - Single responses	825	790	20	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	1,640	1,595	20	20
American - Total responses	1,595	1,585	0	0
American - Single responses	50	50	0	0
American - Multiple responses	1,545	1,535	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	2,115	2,070	25	15
Spanish - Single responses	250	240	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	1,865	1,825	25	15
Swedish - Total responses	705	710	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	50	50	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	655	660	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	1,290	1,285	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	365	370	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	925	915	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	95,030	92,675	1,680	220
Without income	5,420	5,285	45	25
With income	89,605	87,390	1,635	195
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	9,635	9,365	180	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	6,150	6,025	70	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,390	6,260	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	5,935	5,695	100	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	9,175	8,960	115	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	8,930	8,785	115	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	7,620	7,465	130	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	7,210	7,050	155	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	11,030	10,760	225	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	8,250	8,005	230	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	9,290	9,025	240	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	4,825	4,645	160	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	4,460	4,380	80	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 96	38,188	38,171	51,291	28,493
Average income $^Footnote 97	49,913	49,934	56,959	41,653
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	95,030	92,675	1,680	220
Without after-tax income	5,445	5,310	45	25
With after-tax income	89,580	87,370	1,635	195
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	9,765	9,490	190	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	6,235	6,120	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	6,590	6,460	85	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	6,360	6,110	95	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	11,390	11,150	135	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	10,215	9,990	185	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	9,965	9,760	190	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	8,160	7,970	150	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	12,250	11,910	305	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	5,010	4,830	165	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	3,640	3,575	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	34,232	34,229	43,360	25,788
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	40,661	40,668	46,097	36,017
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	95,030	92,675	1,680	225
With employment income	71,170	69,605	1,305	175
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	41,706	41,562	55,483	25,020
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	51,818	51,768	57,767	40,470
With wages and salaries	66,940	65,500	1,205	155
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	43,705	43,416	58,940	31,885
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	52,868	52,781	60,708	41,084
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	68,575	67,090	1,230	170
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	40,710	39,795	790	85
All others^Footnote 108	27,865	27,295	440	80

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.