Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in York
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 22.5 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	1,024,225	960,120	9,000	8,090
0 to 4 years	58,760	53,225	310	190
5 to 9 years	64,535	62,950	475	800
10 to 14 years	68,880	67,210	410	1,140
15 to 19 years	75,345	73,505	450	1,160
20 to 24 years	67,995	66,470	315	785
25 to 29 years	58,860	57,145	250	530
30 to 34 years	59,785	57,855	545	385
35 to 39 years	73,250	70,540	880	490
40 to 44 years	84,210	80,830	680	500
45 to 49 years	90,620	85,675	960	465
50 to 54 years	82,545	78,080	780	350
55 to 59 years	67,275	62,565	860	370
60 to 64 years	57,300	52,190	670	190
65 to 69 years	38,345	32,690	505	235
70 to 74 years	29,530	24,220	340	190
75 to 79 years	22,520	17,030	250	150
80 to 84 years	14,870	11,040	210	70
85 years and over	9,600	6,890	115	90
Median age^Footnote 3	39.0	38.1	46.2	24.7
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	832,050	776,735	7,800	5,960
Married or living with a common-law partner	522,805	485,730	5,455	2,905
Married (and not separated)	492,005	456,165	4,870	2,770
Living common law	30,800	29,565	590	135
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	309,245	291,005	2,345	3,060
Single (never legally married)	225,320	219,640	1,340	2,500
Separated	16,515	15,325	180	100
Divorced	33,425	30,610	405	175
Widowed	33,985	25,430	420	275
Total population in private households by mother tongue	1,024,225	960,120	9,000	8,090
Single responses	997,865	934,570	8,360	7,920
English	521,390	521,385	0	0
French	8,280	500	7,780	0
Non-official languages	468,195	412,680	580	7,920
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	40	40	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	35	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	423,685	371,735	505	7,120
Arabic	8,915	7,885	60	585
Bengali	1,245	1,220	0	10
Cantonese	71,255	57,390	25	975
Chinese, n.o.s.	47,765	38,925	0	645
Creoles	355	195	120	40
Dutch	1,915	1,900	0	15
German	5,390	5,295	0	65
Greek	8,880	8,620	0	40
Gujarati	10,075	9,260	0	100
Hindi	4,690	4,525	0	40
Hungarian	2,980	2,840	0	40
Italian	58,895	54,895	55	270
Korean	11,440	10,080	0	150
Mandarin	27,070	20,650	15	255
Panjabi (Punjabi)	10,270	9,085	0	135
Persian (Farsi)	28,130	25,320	45	850
Polish	4,430	4,130	30	105
Portuguese	7,435	6,920	0	70
Romanian	6,090	5,095	45	620
Russian	33,285	29,600	0	1,085
Serbian	1,725	1,495	0	100
Spanish	13,035	12,040	25	300
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	13,740	13,505	0	45
Tamil	23,160	21,200	0	290
Ukrainian	1,990	1,885	0	20
Urdu	12,415	11,800	15	130
Vietnamese	7,115	5,985	0	145
Other languages^Footnote 7	44,470	40,910	70	805
Multiple responses	26,360	25,555	640	170
English and French	435	285	25	120
English and non-official language	24,940	24,910	0	0
French and non-official language	790	210	585	0
English, French and non-official language	200	145	0	50
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	1,024,225	960,120	9,005	8,090
English only	908,670	908,665	0	0
French only	530	0	535	0
English and French	66,985	50,460	8,435	8,090
Neither English nor French	48,040	990	35	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	1,024,225	960,120	9,000	8,090
Single responses	968,005	904,585	8,570	7,835
English	683,500	678,255	5,245	0
French	3,135	260	2,880	0
Non-official languages	281,370	226,075	445	7,835
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	261,950	209,785	385	7,040
Arabic	4,515	3,450	80	540
Bengali	680	645	0	15
Cantonese	59,775	44,765	0	1,025
Chinese, n.o.s.	33,245	25,080	0	595
Creoles	125	40	40	35
Dutch	165	145	0	10
German	600	535	0	50
Greek	2,945	2,695	0	40
Gujarati	5,685	4,880	0	110
Hindi	2,260	2,095	0	40
Hungarian	835	720	0	35
Italian	18,140	14,170	60	270
Korean	8,410	7,055	0	150
Mandarin	22,160	15,770	15	280
Panjabi (Punjabi)	6,720	5,585	0	135
Persian (Farsi)	20,350	17,510	45	855
Polish	1,605	1,365	0	75
Portuguese	2,400	1,885	0	55
Romanian	3,265	2,275	40	600
Russian	24,935	21,135	15	1,100
Serbian	1,005	780	0	100
Spanish	6,650	5,605	40	325
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	4,780	4,550	0	45
Tamil	17,695	15,755	0	295
Ukrainian	710	645	0	0
Urdu	7,775	7,100	20	130
Vietnamese	4,525	3,530	0	135
Other languages^Footnote 11	19,415	16,290	60	795
Multiple responses	56,225	55,530	435	255
English and French	420	120	135	170
English and non-official language	55,485	55,330	160	0
French and non-official language	155	35	120	0
English, French and non-official language	160	50	20	85
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	1,024,225	960,120	9,000	8,090
None	765,695	714,670	4,285	2,875
English	114,790	107,235	1,695	4,480
French	6,770	4,400	2,225	135
Non-official language	133,115	130,625	570	200
Aboriginal	20	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	133,090	130,605	565	205
English and French	600	185	55	355
English and non-official language	1,725	1,580	80	25
French and non-official language	1,525	1,425	100	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	555,280	497,580	2,665	8,020
Aboriginal languages	110	110	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	75	75	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	25	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	555,170	497,470	2,665	8,020
Italian	82,420	77,945	425	375
Portuguese	9,695	9,105	70	80
Romanian	6,955	5,910	65	625
Spanish	21,805	19,980	530	470
Dutch	2,235	2,215	0	20
Flemish	35	35	0	0
German	9,305	8,955	105	190
Yiddish	2,060	2,010	0	0
Danish	505	480	0	0
Norwegian	215	215	0	0
Swedish	435	440	0	0
Afrikaans	1,410	1,380	0	30
Gaelic languages	160	160	0	0
Bosnian	195	170	0	0
Bulgarian	1,040	895	0	50
Croatian	1,765	1,705	0	0
Czech	555	545	0	0
Macedonian	3,880	3,740	0	30
Polish	5,240	4,925	45	105
Russian	38,905	34,865	75	1,210
Serbian	2,110	1,875	0	110
Serbo-Croatian	225	215	0	0
Slovak	765	755	0	0
Slovenian	660	660	0	0
Ukrainian	4,635	4,300	0	75
Latvian	315	310	0	0
Lithuanian	505	490	0	0
Greek	12,400	12,105	40	40
Armenian	3,555	3,100	15	285
Albanian	1,545	1,455	0	0
Estonian	360	350	0	0
Finnish	705	700	0	0
Hungarian	3,780	3,600	0	70
Turkish	3,160	2,825	0	70
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	40	35	0	0
Somali	475	445	0	0
Amharic	345	330	0	0
Arabic	12,825	11,080	430	725
Hebrew	17,290	16,580	245	230
Maltese	635	625	0	0
Tigrigna	140	135	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,390	2,005	0	0
Bengali	1,520	1,490	0	10
Gujarati	14,245	13,280	100	135
Hindi	17,870	17,120	35	160
Konkani	425	425	0	0
Marathi	560	550	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	15,525	14,300	0	135
Sindhi	1,840	1,750	0	20
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,875	1,810	0	0
Urdu	17,720	16,875	30	135
Nepali	100	100	0	0
Kurdish	770	725	0	0
Pashto	745	695	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	32,725	29,770	90	910
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	680	635	0	0
Kannada	170	165	0	0
Malayalam	1,620	1,585	0	0
Tamil	27,435	25,480	0	300
Telugu	485	460	0	20
Japanese	2,390	2,200	0	25
Korean	12,475	11,100	15	150
Cantonese	87,605	72,040	75	1,075
Fukien	655	540	0	0
Hakka	1,565	1,320	20	15
Mandarin	45,315	36,075	30	685
Taiwanese	1,100	995	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	47,920	39,695	55	575
Lao	1,130	1,065	0	0
Thai	515	500	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,845	1,670	0	45
Vietnamese	9,460	7,995	50	155
Bisayan languages	520	515	0	0
Ilocano	775	760	0	0
Malay	1,330	1,290	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	18,165	17,930	0	40
Akan (Twi)	560	560	0	0
Lingala	25	0	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	25	0	30	0
Swahili	1,590	1,520	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	215	180	30	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	755	650	45	0
African languages, n.i.e.	220	210	0	0
Creoles	910	450	400	55
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	3,825	3,395	20	75
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	1,014,015	951,325	8,935	8,085
Non-movers	914,640	860,380	8,080	7,045
Movers	99,380	90,950	860	1,045
Non-migrants	42,690	39,340	315	395
Migrants	56,690	51,605	545	650
Internal migrants	46,065	43,325	495	470
Intraprovincial migrants	44,015	41,560	375	430
Interprovincial migrants	2,050	1,765	120	30
External migrants	10,625	8,280	55	185
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	965,465	906,900	8,695	7,900
Non-movers	619,845	587,805	5,325	4,260
Movers	345,620	319,090	3,365	3,645
Non-migrants	151,580	142,625	995	1,260
Migrants	194,040	176,465	2,370	2,385
Internal migrants	151,340	141,870	1,950	1,670
Intraprovincial migrants	145,230	136,565	1,525	1,525
Interprovincial migrants	6,115	5,305	435	145
External migrants	42,695	34,595	415	715
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	1,024,225	960,125	9,000	8,090
Canadian citizens	942,695	894,185	8,465	7,070
Canadian citizens only	887,690	844,120	8,000	5,625
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	55,010	50,065	460	1,445
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	81,530	65,935	540	1,020
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	1,024,225	960,120	9,000	8,090
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	551,425	538,010	5,955	2,435
Born in province of residence	511,675	501,650	2,935	2,210
Born outside province of residence	39,750	36,355	3,020	215
Immigrants^Footnote 22	463,120	413,625	2,960	5,565
Americas	41,415	40,415	205	270
United States	7,635	7,575	20	30
Jamaica	8,390	8,385	0	0
Guyana	7,260	7,255	0	0
Haiti	130	0	125	0
Mexico	790	770	0	20
Trinidad and Tobago	3,710	3,695	0	0
Colombia	1,735	1,565	0	50
El Salvador	900	845	0	0
Peru	1,245	1,130	0	40
Chile	575	525	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	9,040	8,670	30	115
Europe	126,200	116,645	860	1,795
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	17,555	17,495	0	45
Italy	38,100	34,250	75	210
Germany	4,185	4,105	0	55
Poland	4,045	3,850	0	50
Portugal	4,695	4,200	30	35
Netherlands	1,780	1,770	0	0
France	1,020	475	520	30
Romania	6,055	5,165	45	520
Russian Federation	13,315	11,970	0	325
Greece	5,400	5,185	0	0
Ukraine	9,530	8,800	0	120
Croatia	1,045	1,010	0	0
Hungary	1,910	1,850	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	845	755	0	40
Serbia	1,200	1,125	0	30
Ireland, Republic of	1,190	1,195	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	14,335	13,455	125	315
Africa	20,975	18,730	1,465	550
Morocco	1,010	450	495	65
Algeria	125	85	35	0
Egypt	3,265	2,710	245	255
South Africa, Republic of	4,460	4,445	0	0
Nigeria	1,410	1,395	0	0
Ethiopia	370	365	0	0
Kenya	2,445	2,395	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	7,895	6,890	690	180
Asia	273,495	236,845	415	2,930
India	26,670	24,820	15	120
China^Footnote 24	64,620	44,865	20	455
Philippines	17,255	17,025	0	25
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	47,725	43,800	0	500
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	11,155	9,080	25	145
Pakistan	11,090	10,615	0	60
Sri Lanka	19,900	18,385	0	115
Iran^Footnote 26	24,570	22,325	70	630
Korea, South^Footnote 27	10,230	9,075	0	125
Lebanon	1,855	1,460	130	225
Taiwan	3,970	3,565	0	30
Iraq	4,480	3,850	0	70
Bangladesh	800	780	0	0
Afghanistan	2,845	2,635	0	20
Japan	855	825	0	0
Turkey	1,775	1,570	0	30
Other places of birth in Asia	23,705	22,170	100	365
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	1,035	990	0	0
Fiji	320	295	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	720	695	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	9,680	8,485	90	90
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	47,725	37,995	390	710
Americas	3,710	3,460	0	45
United States	1,375	1,340	0	0
Mexico	155	145	0	10
Cuba	130	90	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	345	350	0	0
Brazil	150	145	0	0
Colombia	335	245	0	0
Guyana	165	160	0	0
Peru	115	75	0	20
Venezuela^Footnote 32	75	70	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	860	830	0	0
Europe	6,780	5,515	150	210
France	115	0	105	0
Germany	235	225	0	0
Poland	50	40	0	0
Romania	565	340	0	60
Moldova^Footnote 33	310	280	0	20
Russian Federation	2,120	1,675	0	45
Ukraine	1,050	820	0	30
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	660	660	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,670	1,465	30	45
Africa	2,020	1,770	150	65
Nigeria	400	400	0	0
Ethiopia	45	45	0	0
Mauritius	95	35	55	0
Somalia	25	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	525	470	0	40
Morocco	40	25	15	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	35	30	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	210	210	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	630	540	55	0
Asia	35,170	27,220	80	380
Philippines	2,970	2,930	0	0
China^Footnote 35	12,300	7,140	15	60
India	2,985	2,705	0	30
Pakistan	1,560	1,470	0	20
Iran^Footnote 36	4,475	3,710	25	95
South Korea^Footnote 37	1,805	1,540	0	0
Sri Lanka	2,090	1,735	0	0
Iraq	960	615	0	40
Bangladesh	145	140	0	0
Lebanon	135	80	0	50
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	405	300	0	0
Taiwan	460	410	0	10
Afghanistan	390	355	0	0
Japan	180	180	0	0
Turkey	175	120	0	0
Israel	1,180	1,130	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	990	850	0	20
United Arab Emirates	245	235	0	0
Saudi Arabia	50	45	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	25	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,625	1,475	0	35
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	45	35	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	1,024,225	960,125	9,000	8,090
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	551,425	538,005	5,955	2,430
Immigrants^Footnote 43	463,120	413,625	2,955	5,565
Before 1971	72,355	67,580	775	420
1971 to 1980	57,570	54,180	390	315
1981 to 1990	78,190	70,145	535	900
1991 to 2000	140,815	125,465	495	1,840
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	114,195	96,250	765	2,095
2001 to 2005	66,470	58,260	370	1,390
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	47,725	37,995	390	710
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	9,680	8,490	85	95
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	1,024,225	960,120	9,005	8,085
First generation^Footnote 48	474,835	423,975	3,110	5,660
Second generation^Footnote 49	300,675	292,225	1,240	2,370
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	248,715	243,920	4,650	55
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	1,024,225	960,120	9,000	8,090
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	4,560	4,330	230	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	2,860	2,785	70	0
Métis single identity	1,215	1,085	130	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	85	85	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	95	95	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	310	275	25	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,019,665	955,790	8,775	8,080
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	1,024,225	960,120	9,000	8,090
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	1,520	1,480	35	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,022,705	958,645	8,965	8,085
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	832,050	776,735	7,800	5,960
In the labour force	569,895	548,715	5,405	3,735
Employed	528,355	509,650	4,980	3,270
Unemployed	41,540	39,060	425	465
Not in the labour force	262,155	228,025	2,395	2,225
Participation rate	68.5	70.6	69.3	62.7
Employment rate	63.5	65.6	63.8	54.9
Unemployment rate	7.3	7.1	7.9	12.4
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	569,895	548,710	5,400	3,735
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	13,440	12,410	130	285
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	556,450	536,305	5,270	3,455
Employee	483,150	466,385	4,570	3,025
Self-employed	73,305	69,920	700	430
Self-employed (incorporated)	32,465	31,335	280	140
Without paid help	12,040	11,585	145	70
With paid help	20,420	19,755	135	70
Self-employed (unincorporated)	38,950	36,855	390	275
Without paid help	24,605	23,475	275	130
With paid help	14,345	13,380	120	135
Unpaid family worker	1,885	1,740	25	15
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	569,895	548,710	5,405	3,735
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	13,445	12,405	135	280
All occupations^Footnote 61	556,450	536,305	5,275	3,450
0 Management occupations	77,495	74,780	1,000	435
00 Senior management occupations	9,895	9,540	170	40
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	30,530	29,705	480	185
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	24,100	23,135	155	155
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	12,965	12,405	205	60
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	110,405	107,675	1,060	640
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	29,500	28,765	320	250
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	34,190	33,340	430	150
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	8,565	8,345	60	50
14 Office support occupations	29,075	28,415	205	150
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	9,080	8,815	45	40
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	56,020	54,415	525	590
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	39,255	38,120	345	505
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	16,765	16,295	180	80
3 Health occupations	27,105	26,485	165	215
30 Professional occupations in nursing	6,745	6,635	35	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	8,345	8,155	55	110
32 Technical occupations in health	7,905	7,675	65	65
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	4,115	4,015	0	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	61,235	59,035	885	545
40 Professional occupations in education services	23,805	22,925	535	270
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	13,695	13,285	180	155
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	11,385	11,140	80	75
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	3,340	3,290	35	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	9,010	8,410	50	45
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	16,520	16,050	220	145
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	4,740	4,545	120	55
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	11,775	11,510	105	95
6 Sales and service occupations	123,490	117,965	930	630
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	17,580	17,100	185	90
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	15,045	13,420	90	30
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	31,860	30,885	225	180
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	24,410	23,435	260	190
66 Sales support occupations	14,800	14,370	65	45
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	19,795	18,745	105	90
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	56,465	54,445	320	180
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	21,965	21,180	125	105
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	11,880	11,625	80	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	5,855	5,560	0	40
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	12,780	12,330	60	40
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	3,985	3,745	50	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,745	5,610	25	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	985	940	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	915	885	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	3,845	3,775	20	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	21,965	19,845	140	60
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	2,645	2,515	30	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	6,990	6,230	45	25
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	8,015	7,385	55	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	4,320	3,720	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	569,895	548,710	5,400	3,735
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	13,445	12,405	135	280
All industries^Footnote 64	556,455	536,305	5,270	3,450
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,440	2,365	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	550	540	0	0
22 Utilities	3,610	3,540	25	25
23 Construction	37,705	36,470	260	130
31-33 Manufacturing	55,010	51,635	520	280
41 Wholesale trade	37,200	35,440	505	265
44-45 Retail trade	64,385	62,220	345	420
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	19,095	18,625	145	60
51 Information and cultural industries	18,325	17,865	250	120
52 Finance and insurance	45,335	44,245	505	300
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	14,240	13,810	160	80
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	59,090	57,320	660	555
55 Management of companies and enterprises	860	835	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	22,485	21,815	150	90
61 Educational services	42,380	41,040	750	400
62 Health care and social assistance	45,955	44,710	315	320
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	9,975	9,840	55	35
72 Accommodation and food services	28,240	26,015	125	120
81 Other services (except public administration)	24,690	23,610	175	100
91 Public administration	24,880	24,370	275	140
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	528,355	509,645	4,980	3,270
Usual place of work	426,635	412,640	4,015	2,655
Work in CSD of residence	124,575	120,520	960	680
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	94,025	91,195	1,170	400
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	207,225	200,180	1,850	1,560
Work in a different province	810	750	30	15
Worked at home	40,035	38,085	520	275
Worked outside Canada	2,930	2,610	25	20
No fixed workplace address	58,755	56,310	425	315
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	485,390	468,950	4,435	2,970
Car, truck or van - as a driver	381,735	369,745	3,535	1,930
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	30,295	28,810	215	200
Public transit	57,425	55,130	560	715
Walked	10,350	9,980	90	85
Bicycle	1,330	1,260	0	0
Other methods	4,245	4,030	25	40
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	603,180	580,380	5,665	3,855
English	567,610	556,125	4,565	3,355
French	1,600	820	695	80
Non-official language	22,440	13,210	0	110
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	22,440	13,210	0	110
English and French	1,650	1,095	345	205
English and non-official language	9,650	8,965	15	65
French and non-official language	40	30	0	0
English, French and non-official language	190	135	0	35
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	603,180	580,380	5,660	3,855
None	554,570	536,660	3,725	3,110
English	9,305	7,470	510	115
French	5,360	3,750	1,315	280
Non-official language	32,980	31,720	40	275
Aboriginal	15	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	32,965	31,705	45	275
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	305	260	0	0
French and non-official language	650	520	75	60
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	832,050	776,735	7,800	5,960
No certificate, diploma or degree	138,520	114,155	950	1,005
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	205,590	193,200	1,595	1,130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	487,945	469,385	5,250	3,825
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	47,270	45,240	450	255
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	25,945	24,670	245	115
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	21,330	20,570	200	140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	142,545	138,180	1,485	475
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	47,015	44,780	430	320
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	251,115	241,180	2,885	2,770
Bachelor's degree	160,790	155,065	1,665	1,355
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	32,240	30,860	385	415
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,260	5,870	40	95
Master's degree	46,290	44,275	665	720
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	5,530	5,115	135	185
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	487,940	469,380	5,250	3,825
Education	32,885	31,330	535	185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	18,335	17,710	180	135
Humanities	29,045	27,595	465	345
Social and behavioural sciences and law	57,160	55,355	570	430
Business, management and public administration	121,525	117,420	1,500	890
Physical and life sciences and technologies	23,055	22,170	175	305
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	32,575	31,555	355	185
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	96,570	92,280	845	795
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	5,300	5,085	35	60
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	52,080	50,045	430	435
Personal, protective and transportation services	19,390	18,810	160	55
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	25	25	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	487,940	469,385	5,250	3,825
Inside Canada	342,610	335,065	4,295	1,955
Newfoundland and Labrador	730	725	0	0
Prince Edward Island	65	65	0	0
Nova Scotia	2,365	2,335	15	0
New Brunswick	935	825	100	0
Quebec	8,295	6,740	1,240	300
Ontario	323,510	317,805	2,880	1,610
Manitoba	1,460	1,420	0	0
Saskatchewan	800	780	0	0
Alberta	2,255	2,235	10	0
British Columbia	2,135	2,075	20	20
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	45	35	0	0
Outside Canada	145,330	134,315	950	1,875
Total population in private households by visible minority	1,024,225	960,120	9,000	8,090
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	442,845	398,440	1,875	4,520
South Asian^Footnote 82	107,960	102,735	210	825
Chinese	181,030	150,860	600	1,895
Black	25,870	25,205	505	80
Filipino	24,860	24,565	0	40
Latin American	11,450	10,770	35	125
Arab	10,530	9,555	190	395
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	15,640	14,200	55	180
West Asian^Footnote 84	30,450	27,720	55	690
Korean	13,690	12,355	10	150
Japanese	3,130	3,010	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	5,795	5,650	75	25
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	12,445	11,815	115	100
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	581,380	561,680	7,125	3,570
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	1,024,225	960,120	9,000	8,090
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	717,260	661,500	5,075	6,480
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	306,965	298,620	3,925	1,605
Canadian - Total responses	129,870	126,290	2,685	130
Canadian - Single responses	50,160	48,860	1,060	10
Canadian - Multiple responses	79,710	77,435	1,625	120
English- Total responses	128,950	128,305	560	35
English - Single responses	26,720	26,705	15	0
English - Multiple responses	102,230	101,600	545	35
French - Total responses	37,765	33,325	4,335	80
French - Single responses	2,975	1,340	1,625	0
French - Multiple responses	34,790	31,985	2,705	65
Scottish - Total responses	85,205	84,845	320	35
Scottish - Single responses	10,195	10,190	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	75,010	74,650	315	30
Irish - Total responses	81,220	80,590	600	0
Irish - Single responses	8,250	8,215	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	72,970	72,375	570	0
German - Total responses	43,910	43,525	150	135
German - Single responses	6,635	6,565	0	45
German - Multiple responses	37,275	36,960	135	90
Italian - Total responses	159,945	155,380	490	320
Italian - Single responses	117,430	113,330	220	265
Italian - Multiple responses	42,520	42,055	270	55
Chinese - Total responses	191,335	160,705	620	1,975
Chinese - Single responses	170,300	140,940	370	1,815
Chinese - Multiple responses	21,035	19,760	250	160
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	7,030	6,790	235	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	675	655	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	6,355	6,135	215	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	21,760	20,590	50	365
Ukrainian - Single responses	5,740	5,360	0	80
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	16,020	15,235	40	285
East Indian - Total responses	69,395	66,695	215	470
East Indian - Single responses	53,265	50,885	150	390
East Indian - Multiple responses	16,135	15,815	70	80
Dutch - Total responses	19,020	18,920	35	50
Dutch - Single responses	4,425	4,420	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	14,595	14,505	30	50
Polish- Total responses	32,630	31,910	225	210
Polish - Single responses	7,075	6,685	145	85
Polish - Multiple responses	25,560	25,230	75	125
Filipino - Total responses	26,775	26,470	0	45
Filipino - Single responses	19,885	19,645	0	25
Filipino - Multiple responses	6,890	6,825	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	15,980	15,900	75	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	3,700	3,685	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	12,285	12,215	60	0
Russian- Total responses	38,745	36,105	85	825
Russian - Single responses	13,470	12,095	0	355
Russian - Multiple responses	25,275	24,015	75	465
Welsh - Total responses	8,960	8,905	55	0
Welsh - Single responses	460	440	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	8,510	8,470	35	0
Norwegian - Total responses	2,295	2,280	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	165	165	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	2,135	2,120	0	0
Métis - Total responses	1,710	1,540	160	10
Métis - Single responses	100	70	30	0
Métis - Multiple responses	1,615	1,470	135	15
Portuguese - Total responses	19,935	19,215	155	65
Portuguese - Single responses	9,835	9,300	45	55
Portuguese - Multiple responses	10,095	9,920	110	0
American - Total responses	7,435	7,375	40	0
American - Single responses	540	530	0	0
American - Multiple responses	6,895	6,850	35	0
Spanish - Total responses	13,630	12,920	285	135
Spanish - Single responses	2,525	2,365	25	30
Spanish - Multiple responses	11,105	10,560	260	100
Swedish - Total responses	2,650	2,635	10	0
Swedish - Single responses	130	130	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	2,520	2,505	15	0
Hungarian - Total responses	9,545	9,355	0	70
Hungarian - Single responses	2,890	2,785	0	35
Hungarian - Multiple responses	6,650	6,565	0	40
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	832,045	776,735	7,800	5,960
Without income	51,115	47,240	340	685
With income	780,940	729,500	7,460	5,275
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	98,740	90,355	690	1,020
$5,000 to $9,999	57,095	52,220	380	485
$10,000 to $14,999	65,555	57,615	505	485
$15,000 to $19,999	65,075	54,590	550	435
$20,000 to $29,999	92,285	85,260	775	495
$30,000 to $39,999	77,435	74,010	555	335
$40,000 to $49,999	68,485	66,265	605	425
$50,000 to $59,999	56,455	54,820	580	350
$60,000 to $79,999	81,260	79,030	1,155	440
$80,000 to $99,999	53,550	52,100	655	430
$100,000 and over	65,010	63,235	1,010	365
$100,000 to $124,999	29,050	28,275	370	215
$125,000 and over	35,960	34,955	640	150
Median income $^Footnote 96	31,341	33,193	44,593	23,817
Average income $^Footnote 97	45,883	47,202	59,907	37,581
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	832,050	776,740	7,800	5,960
Without after-tax income	51,330	47,440	340	690
With after-tax income	780,720	729,300	7,460	5,275
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	100,075	91,675	695	1,025
$5,000 to $9,999	57,935	52,990	400	495
$10,000 to $14,999	66,890	58,860	505	485
$15,000 to $19,999	70,270	59,590	590	460
$20,000 to $29,999	105,905	98,360	855	590
$30,000 to $39,999	94,180	90,515	740	435
$40,000 to $49,999	81,530	79,080	780	495
$50,000 to $59,999	59,070	57,295	845	345
$60,000 to $79,999	82,265	80,030	1,060	610
$80,000 to $99,999	30,930	30,070	430	220
$100,000 and over	31,675	30,825	565	120
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	28,867	30,364	39,260	23,318
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	37,646	38,621	47,840	31,806
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	832,050	776,740	7,800	5,960
With employment income	588,000	565,230	5,565	3,825
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	36,064	36,810	51,997	34,729
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	49,062	49,555	64,428	42,976
With wages and salaries	535,880	516,425	5,060	3,495
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	38,593	39,096	55,750	36,438
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	50,437	50,824	67,614	43,158
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	569,895	548,710	5,405	3,735
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	322,675	312,460	3,235	1,975
All others^Footnote 108	247,215	236,245	2,170	1,760

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.