Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Dufferin
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 37.4 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	56,085	55,330	540	10
0 to 4 years	3,340	3,265	0	0
5 to 9 years	3,470	3,445	0	0
10 to 14 years	4,110	4,070	25	0
15 to 19 years	4,610	4,580	20	0
20 to 24 years	3,485	3,475	0	0
25 to 29 years	2,610	2,590	15	0
30 to 34 years	3,115	3,100	0	0
35 to 39 years	3,680	3,610	60	0
40 to 44 years	4,360	4,285	60	0
45 to 49 years	5,280	5,145	110	0
50 to 54 years	4,535	4,515	0	0
55 to 59 years	3,645	3,615	30	0
60 to 64 years	3,240	3,195	45	0
65 to 69 years	2,250	2,195	55	0
70 to 74 years	1,660	1,625	0	0
75 to 79 years	1,370	1,325	30	0
80 to 84 years	845	825	20	0
85 years and over	475	460	0	0
Median age^Footnote 3	39.5	39.3	48.1	17.8
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	45,160	44,540	505	15
Married or living with a common-law partner	28,280	27,790	395	0
Married (and not separated)	24,025	23,615	320	0
Living common law	4,255	4,175	80	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	16,885	16,755	110	15
Single (never legally married)	11,095	11,045	45	0
Separated	1,445	1,440	0	0
Divorced	2,260	2,240	15	0
Widowed	2,080	2,025	40	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	56,085	55,330	535	10
Single responses	55,750	55,010	535	10
English	51,195	51,190	0	0
French	565	40	525	0
Non-official languages	3,995	3,775	0	10
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	3,335	3,150	0	10
Arabic	65	65	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	130	50	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	490	490	0	0
German	710	650	0	0
Greek	70	75	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	60	65	0	0
Hungarian	90	90	0	0
Italian	320	320	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	30	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	145	125	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	20	0	0
Polish	405	390	0	0
Portuguese	275	275	0	0
Romanian	50	50	0	0
Russian	55	45	0	0
Serbian	15	15	0	0
Spanish	205	205	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	95	0	0
Tamil	20	20	0	0
Ukrainian	40	40	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	20	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	660	625	0	0
Multiple responses	330	325	0	0
English and French	35	35	0	0
English and non-official language	280	280	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	56,080	55,330	535	10
English only	53,030	53,030	0	0
French only	0	0	0	0
English and French	2,835	2,295	530	10
Neither English nor French	210	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	56,080	55,330	540	10
Single responses	55,840	55,090	540	10
English	54,400	53,970	430	0
French	130	25	105	0
Non-official languages	1,310	1,090	0	15
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	1,005	815	0	10
Arabic	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	125	45	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	50	45	0	0
German	165	105	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	30	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	80	60	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0
Polish	195	185	0	0
Portuguese	40	40	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0
Russian	50	50	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	50	45	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	50	0	0
Tamil	15	15	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	305	275	0	0
Multiple responses	245	245	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	245	240	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	56,080	55,330	540	10
None	53,490	53,020	270	0
English	690	615	60	0
French	500	295	200	0
Non-official language	1,355	1,345	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,350	1,345	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	55	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	5,110	4,865	30	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,110	4,870	30	10
Italian	480	485	0	0
Portuguese	370	370	0	0
Romanian	60	60	0	0
Spanish	580	570	0	0
Dutch	570	545	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	965	900	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	25	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	25	30	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0
Gaelic languages	25	25	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	140	140	0	0
Czech	60	55	0	0
Macedonian	50	55	0	0
Polish	415	395	0	0
Russian	75	65	0	0
Serbian	10	15	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0
Slovenian	20	15	0	0
Ukrainian	75	75	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	100	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	0	0
Finnish	30	30	0	0
Hungarian	110	115	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0
Arabic	85	85	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	75	80	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0
Hindi	125	120	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	180	160	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	20	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	15	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0
Japanese	175	150	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	150	70	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	30	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0
Bisayan languages	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	30	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	175	180	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	155	145	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	55,425	54,680	540	15
Non-movers	48,770	48,130	460	15
Movers	6,660	6,550	85	0
Non-migrants	2,720	2,670	50	0
Migrants	3,935	3,880	35	0
Internal migrants	3,825	3,775	30	0
Intraprovincial migrants	3,720	3,665	35	0
Interprovincial migrants	110	115	0	0
External migrants	110	105	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	52,740	52,065	530	10
Non-movers	33,960	33,470	370	0
Movers	18,780	18,595	165	0
Non-migrants	7,970	7,940	20	0
Migrants	10,815	10,650	140	0
Internal migrants	10,425	10,290	130	0
Intraprovincial migrants	10,120	9,995	115	0
Interprovincial migrants	310	290	0	0
External migrants	385	365	0	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	56,085	55,330	540	10
Canadian citizens	54,680	53,960	525	15
Canadian citizens only	53,725	53,025	515	10
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	955	930	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	1,400	1,375	15	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	56,080	55,330	540	15
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	49,115	48,520	500	0
Born in province of residence	44,035	43,750	195	0
Born outside province of residence	5,075	4,770	305	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	6,775	6,615	40	0
Americas	1,140	1,140	0	0
United States	405	405	0	0
Jamaica	285	280	0	0
Guyana	120	120	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	70	70	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	55	55	0	0
Colombia	0	10	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Chile	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	185	180	0	0
Europe	4,825	4,775	35	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	2,295	2,295	0	0
Italy	200	200	0	0
Germany	440	440	0	0
Poland	305	285	0	0
Portugal	205	205	0	0
Netherlands	490	480	0	0
France	15	0	0	0
Romania	65	65	0	0
Russian Federation	40	40	0	0
Greece	40	45	0	0
Ukraine	20	20	0	0
Croatia	105	100	0	0
Hungary	35	30	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	35	0	0
Serbia	15	15	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	175	175	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	350	335	15	0
Africa	60	60	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	25	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	20	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	710	605	0	0
India	150	135	0	0
China^Footnote 24	85	55	0	0
Philippines	165	165	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	75	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	25	25	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	25	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	35	35	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	15	20	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	65	50	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	20	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	35	35	0	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	30	30	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	195	195	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	510	485	0	0
Americas	110	110	0	0
United States	50	55	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	25	0	0
Europe	240	235	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	165	165	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0
Asia	125	115	0	0
Philippines	75	75	0	0
China^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	56,085	55,330	535	10
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	49,115	48,520	500	0
Immigrants^Footnote 43	6,775	6,615	40	0
Before 1971	3,050	3,025	15	0
1971 to 1980	1,030	1,030	0	0
1981 to 1990	1,005	960	10	0
1991 to 2000	725	670	0	0
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	965	935	0	0
2001 to 2005	460	440	0	0
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	505	490	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	190	190	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	56,080	55,330	540	10
First generation^Footnote 48	7,110	6,950	40	0
Second generation^Footnote 49	10,520	10,465	25	0
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	38,455	37,915	475	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	56,080	55,330	540	10
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	690	685	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	460	455	0	0
Métis single identity	105	100	0	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	35	35	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	45	45	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	45	45	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	55,390	54,645	530	10
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	56,080	55,330	540	10
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	165	155	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	55,920	55,170	535	10
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	45,165	44,545	500	10
In the labour force	31,915	31,580	270	0
Employed	29,665	29,345	260	0
Unemployed	2,250	2,235	15	0
Not in the labour force	13,245	12,965	230	0
Participation rate	70.7	70.9	54.0	0.0
Employment rate	65.7	65.9	52.0	0.0
Unemployment rate	7.0	7.1	5.6	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	31,915	31,580	270	0
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	580	580	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	31,335	31,000	270	0
Employee	27,750	27,480	225	0
Self-employed	3,585	3,520	50	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	1,210	1,185	0	0
Without paid help	475	470	0	0
With paid help	730	710	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	2,300	2,260	40	0
Without paid help	1,685	1,645	0	0
With paid help	615	610	0	0
Unpaid family worker	80	80	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	31,915	31,580	275	0
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	585	580	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	31,335	31,000	270	0
0 Management occupations	3,990	3,945	25	0
00 Senior management occupations	355	360	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,205	1,200	0	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,170	1,155	0	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,260	1,240	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,250	4,220	30	0
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	490	485	0	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	1,270	1,255	0	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	325	330	0	0
14 Office support occupations	1,420	1,405	15	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	745	745	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,475	1,440	30	0
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	535	510	25	0
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	935	930	0	0
3 Health occupations	1,610	1,605	0	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	370	365	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	330	325	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	445	440	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	470	465	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,475	3,445	25	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,170	1,160	0	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	470	455	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	730	725	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	585	585	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	525	515	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	610	610	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	190	190	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	415	415	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	7,090	6,975	90	0
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	735	735	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	835	805	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	1,670	1,665	0	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	1,385	1,325	60	0
66 Sales support occupations	935	925	0	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,525	1,530	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,815	5,790	20	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	1,795	1,785	0	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,465	1,455	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	685	680	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,510	1,500	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	375	365	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	835	825	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	90	90	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	320	310	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	430	425	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,185	2,145	40	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	405	405	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	715	715	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	820	790	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	245	235	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	31,915	31,580	270	0
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	580	580	0	0
All industries^Footnote 64	31,330	31,000	275	0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	970	950	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	75	0	0
22 Utilities	305	310	0	0
23 Construction	2,615	2,600	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	4,065	3,990	70	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,825	1,790	35	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,805	3,790	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,995	1,970	30	0
51 Information and cultural industries	580	570	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,005	995	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	520	520	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,405	1,385	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	45	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,510	1,490	0	0
61 Educational services	1,985	1,945	40	0
62 Health care and social assistance	2,775	2,765	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	640	635	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,865	1,835	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,465	1,460	0	0
91 Public administration	1,895	1,890	0	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	29,665	29,345	260	0
Usual place of work	23,795	23,530	225	0
Work in CSD of residence	6,635	6,575	25	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	4,840	4,750	80	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	12,205	12,085	115	0
Work in a different province	115	115	0	0
Worked at home	2,345	2,320	20	0
Worked outside Canada	85	80	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,440	3,410	0	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	27,235	26,945	235	0
Car, truck or van - as a driver	23,535	23,285	195	0
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,715	1,685	25	0
Public transit	465	465	0	0
Walked	1,250	1,245	0	0
Bicycle	125	120	0	0
Other methods	150	140	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	34,320	33,955	305	0
English	34,040	33,735	260	0
French	80	45	30	0
Non-official language	135	120	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	140	120	0	0
English and French	30	15	10	0
English and non-official language	35	35	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	34,320	33,955	300	0
None	33,650	33,415	190	0
English	120	90	0	0
French	330	240	95	0
Non-official language	215	210	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	215	205	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	45,160	44,545	500	10
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,900	8,720	110	0
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	14,365	14,185	160	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	21,905	21,645	235	0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	4,410	4,375	20	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	2,275	2,240	20	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	2,140	2,135	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,345	10,230	120	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	1,430	1,395	25	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,715	5,645	70	0
Bachelor's degree	3,905	3,880	25	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	685	665	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	150	150	0	0
Master's degree	860	835	25	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	115	115	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	21,900	21,645	235	0
Education	1,590	1,570	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	905	895	0	0
Humanities	970	950	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,170	2,165	0	0
Business, management and public administration	4,370	4,315	50	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	580	565	15	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	690	680	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,045	4,985	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	595	595	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	3,255	3,215	35	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,730	1,705	25	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	21,900	21,640	235	0
Inside Canada	20,020	19,790	230	0
Newfoundland and Labrador	190	185	0	0
Prince Edward Island	65	65	0	0
Nova Scotia	200	200	0	0
New Brunswick	130	105	25	0
Quebec	390	310	75	0
Ontario	18,660	18,530	120	0
Manitoba	25	25	0	0
Saskatchewan	60	60	0	0
Alberta	150	150	0	0
British Columbia	155	155	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	1,885	1,855	0	0
Total population in private households by visible minority	56,085	55,330	540	10
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	2,795	2,670	0	0
South Asian^Footnote 82	470	445	0	0
Chinese	175	170	0	0
Black	750	750	0	0
Filipino	240	235	0	0
Latin American	285	285	0	0
Arab	50	50	0	0
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	150	70	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	30	0	0
Japanese	190	170	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	375	380	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	85	85	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	53,285	52,665	540	0
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	56,085	55,330	540	10
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	25,345	24,875	300	10
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	30,740	30,455	240	0
Canadian - Total responses	19,640	19,410	210	0
Canadian - Single responses	9,210	9,075	115	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	10,430	10,335	95	0
English- Total responses	21,640	21,555	70	0
English - Single responses	4,485	4,485	0	0
English - Multiple responses	17,150	17,075	70	0
French - Total responses	5,150	4,775	380	0
French - Single responses	455	310	145	0
French - Multiple responses	4,695	4,465	235	0
Scottish - Total responses	14,745	14,685	45	0
Scottish - Single responses	1,915	1,915	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	12,825	12,770	45	0
Irish - Total responses	14,545	14,500	35	0
Irish - Single responses	1,525	1,525	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	13,020	12,980	35	0
German - Total responses	6,160	6,125	30	0
German - Single responses	880	875	0	0
German - Multiple responses	5,285	5,250	30	0
Italian - Total responses	2,900	2,895	0	0
Italian - Single responses	720	720	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	2,180	2,175	0	0
Chinese - Total responses	575	500	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	215	135	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	365	365	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	1,355	1,285	60	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	95	85	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,260	1,200	50	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	1,645	1,640	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	225	225	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	1,420	1,420	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	595	580	0	0
East Indian - Single responses	245	230	0	0
East Indian - Multiple responses	345	345	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	4,035	3,995	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	1,470	1,465	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	2,560	2,525	0	0
Polish- Total responses	2,025	2,005	0	0
Polish - Single responses	515	500	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,510	1,510	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	275	275	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	195	195	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	80	80	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	2,080	2,080	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	525	525	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	1,555	1,555	0	0
Russian- Total responses	375	370	0	0
Russian - Single responses	55	45	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	320	320	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	1,450	1,445	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	65	65	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,380	1,385	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	490	460	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	490	465	0	0
Métis - Total responses	395	390	0	0
Métis - Single responses	15	15	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	380	375	0	0
Portuguese - Total responses	1,190	1,190	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	510	510	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	680	685	0	0
American - Total responses	720	720	0	0
American - Single responses	30	30	0	0
American - Multiple responses	695	695	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	405	400	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	20	20	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	380	380	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	505	510	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	25	20	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	485	485	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	865	865	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	190	190	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	680	675	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	45,165	44,540	500	10
Without income	2,430	2,410	0	0
With income	42,730	42,135	490	0
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	4,375	4,325	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	3,000	2,980	15	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	3,525	3,415	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	3,695	3,635	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	5,235	5,160	50	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	4,740	4,685	55	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	4,255	4,190	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	3,675	3,655	10	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	4,535	4,440	95	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	2,955	2,945	10	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	2,750	2,710	40	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	1,290	1,265	30	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	1,465	1,450	15	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 96	33,038	33,117	34,478	0
Average income $^Footnote 97	44,294	44,378	43,329	0
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	45,160	44,545	505	10
Without after-tax income	2,430	2,410	0	0
With after-tax income	42,735	42,135	490	0
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	4,495	4,440	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	3,055	3,020	30	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	3,590	3,490	40	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	3,980	3,920	50	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	6,200	6,110	65	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	5,765	5,695	70	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	5,030	4,985	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	3,710	3,650	50	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	4,380	4,320	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	1,390	1,360	30	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	1,150	1,145	0	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	30,151	30,225	31,173	0
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	36,821	36,876	36,825	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	45,160	44,545	505	10
With employment income	33,260	32,905	325	0
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	34,840	34,842	35,837	0
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	44,671	44,698	43,626	0
With wages and salaries	30,600	30,275	300	0
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	37,269	37,270	38,963	0
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	46,438	46,498	41,996	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	31,915	31,580	270	0
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	18,325	18,150	160	0
All others^Footnote 108	13,595	13,435	110	0

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.